外研版初中英语时态精细讲解

begin/start
leave
be on
be away
go there
get home
be there
be home
die
join
be dead
be in / be a member of
open
close get to know borrow buy
be open
be closed know keep have
过去
现在
2.标志词：
already, just, yet, ever, never, so far(till now/up to now), recently, in the past 3 years, before, since+时间 点,for+时间段
3.现在完成时和一般过去时的异同点： 1 共同点：动作都在过去。 2 不同点：和现在有无关系。(与现
have been in+地点+时间段,表示“在/ 来某地多久”。 I have been in Europe for three weeks. (I am now still in Europe .)
3
5.瞬间动词和延续性动词 若句中出现时间段，则必须使用 延续性动词。瞬间动词和延续性动 词转换关系如下：
四、过去进行时 1.用法：过去某时正在进行的动作。 2.标志词：at that time,this time yesterday,then,when…
1.Father______when I _____yesterday morning.
A.still slept,got up B.was still sleeping,got up C.is sleeping,got up D.sleeps,get up
4.shall/will/be going to之间的区别： 1 shall往往用于第一人称疑问句, will可用于任何人称。
2
will常用于表邀请或命令时以及 带有意愿色彩。
3
计划决定要做某事，一般用be going to do Байду номын сангаас构。
1.There___two meetings tomorrow afternoon. A.are going to be B.are going to have C.is going to be D.will have
get married be married come here be here
1.The film began 5 minutes ago. The film___ ___ ___ for 5 minutes. has been on
2.They left an hour ago.
3.The man died a week ago.
have been away They____ ____ ____for an hour. The man___ been dead for a week. has ____ ____
4.He joined the club 3 days ago. He___ ____ ___the club for 3 days. has been in 5.They got married 10 years ago. They____ ____ _______for 10 years. have been married 6.He came here an hour ago. He___ been here since an hour ago. has ____ has ____home for 2 hours. Jack___ been
六、过去将来时 1.用法：从过去看将要发生的动作。 2.结构：would +v.(原型) was/were/going to
试题：
1.--What did he say yesterday? --He said he____to Sydney next week. A.goes B.will go C.would go D.are going 2.--Did your son fail his English exam once again? --Yes, but he told me he____hard next term. A.studies B.is studying C.will studyD.would study
初中英语语法
动词的时态
动词的时态结构歌谣
一 一般现在时，动词用原型； 般 单数三人称，动词加“s” 。 时
I work. He works. I worked.
一般过去时，动词加“ed”。
现在进行时, 进 am,is,are,-ing。 行 过去进行时, 时 was,were,-ing。
例句：I am working. 例句：I was working.
中考模拟： --Mike, who____football in the yard? --Let me go and see. （2004顺义） A.has played B.will play C.was playing D.is playing
1.Look!What___the children___ over there? A.are;do B.are;doing C.is;do D.is doing 2.Those workers____here these months. A.are work B.are worked C.work D.are working 3.--How__you___along with your workmates? --Very well. A.do;get B.will;get C.can;get D.are;getting 4.--Must I water the flowers now? --No, you needn’t. Jack_____them.
1.--What a nice bike! How long____you____it? --Just two weeks.(2004北京市中考) A.will;buy B.did;buy C.are;having D.have;had 2.--How long have you____here? --Since 1997. A.arrived B.moved C.come D.lived 3.--I can’t find my pen.____you____it anywhere? --No.Look!What’s that under your book? A.Have;seen B.Do;see C.Did;see D.Had;seen 4.--I’m sorry to have kept you waiting. --Oh,not at all.I__here for only a few minutes. A.will be B.was C.am D.have been 5.I won’t go to see the film because I____the ticket.(2002河南) A.lost B.have lost C.will lost D.didn’t lost
2.She___apples in her garden when I____to see her yesterday. A.picked，went C.picked，was going B.was picking， went D.was picking，was going
五、一般将来时 1.用法：将来的动作或状态。 2.结构：will （第一人称） +V.(原型) shall be going to 3.标志词：tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,in three days,in (the) future,next week/month/term…, from now on
2.The twins____to the cinema with their parents tonight. A.will go B.would go C.are go D.went
3.---When____we have the meeting? ---At 8. A.are B.shall C.would D.will 4.--When___you___for London? --Next week. A.will;leaving B.are;leaving C.shall;leave D.have;left
在有关的过去动作用现在完成，与现在 无关的过去动作用一般过去。)
4.易错点：
1
have gone to+地点,表示“去了某地”。
（人已走，尚未回。只用于第三人称。）
They have gone to Europe. (They are not here.)
2
have been to+地点,表示“去过某 地”。（人已回） I have been to Europe. (I am not in Europe now.)
一般将来时， 将 will加原型。 来 过去将来时， 时 would加原型。
I will work. I would work.
现在完成时， 完 have/has加过分。 成 过去完成时， 时 had 加过分。 I have worked. I had worked.
各种时态的用法
一、一般现在时 1.用法：A.现在经常性的动作或状态 B.客观事实和真理。 2.标志词:always,usually,often, sometimes, never,every day /week /month/year/…
7.Jack got home 2 hours ago.
has been 8.Mum opened the door just now.The door___ ____open for a while. 9.They got to know 10 years ago. They____ ______since 10 years ago. have known 10.I borrowed the book a week ago.I____ _____the book for a week. have kept 11.I bought the car a year ago. I____ ____the car since a year ago. have had
点击中考
Li Ming didn’t understand what American people said,_____? (2004北京市中考) A.couldn’t he B.could he C.didn’t he D.did he
三、现在进行时
1.用法： A.现刻动作：目前正在发生的动作。 B.现阶段动作：目前一个时期一直在进 行的动作，此刻不一定在进行。 2.标志词：now,Look! Listen!
2.--When____you____for Toronto? --Tomorrow. A.do;leave B.are;leaving C.will;leaving D.shall;leave
B.现在进行时和always连用，表示说话 人较强烈的感情色彩。
• The boy ____always ____ us! (夸赞) A.is;helping B.does;help C.can;help D./;help •You ____ always _____ the same mistake! (责备) A.do;make B.does;make C.is;making D.are;making
七、现在完成时 1.用法：
1 2
影响：作业都
做完了，我能出 去玩会儿吗？
过去的动作对现在的影响。 I have finished my homework. 过去的动作持续到现在。 I have stayed here for an hour！ 这该死的！我都等了 一个小时了，他怎么 还不来？
现在完成时
gets 1.The boy usually___(get) to school early. 2.Light travels ______(travel)faster than sound.
二、一般过去时 1.用法：过去的动作或状态。 2.标志词：
yesterday,the day before yesterday, three days ago, last night/week/month…,in the past；just now=a moment ago
A.is watering C.waters B.watering D.is watered
注意
1.--Lucy! Would you like to give me a hand? --OK. I____. A.will come B.come C.am coming D.would come
A.有几个瞬间动词可以用现在进行时表将 来，如：begin,start,come,go,leave。