(完整版)医学词汇及词根记忆手册
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(完整版)医学词汇及词根记忆手册.pdf医学英语词根词缀记忆neonate: n, 新生儿, neonatal: adj,新生期的neo: 新 neomycin, 新霉素,neoplasm, 新生物,natus: 出生, prenatal: 产前的,出生前的Gastrointestinal: 胃肠道的gastro : 胃, intesto : 肠, Gastrointestinal system:胃肠系统,或消化系统Antibody: 抗体anti-: 对抗,antigen: 抗原 antibiotics: 抗生素Psychosexual: 性心Psycho: 心理,精神, psychology: 心理学Carbohydrate: 碳水化合物Carbo: 碳 carbonate: 碳酸盐hydrate: 水化物,含水物 hydrates: 水和酶ase 酶, lipase:脂肪酶Auditory: adj. 听觉的audi-: 听如: audiometer: 听力计meter: 测量kinetic: 运动的kine-: 运动 kinesimeter: 运动测量计 1akinesia:运动不能Congenital: 先天性的con- 和genitor-: 生殖,生殖器genitourinary:泌尿生殖的Defect:缺点,瑕疵de:否定,脱离,缺乏,不足degeneration:恶化 fect:做 infect:感染,影响Oxygenated: 含氧的,氧合的oxygen:氧气-ate:词尾,表示某种行为,状态Deoxygenate:去氧,脱氧 de- 前缀,去离脱Unoxygenated:不含氧的,含氧低un-前缀,用于形容词之前,不Pulmonary:肺的 pulmo-:肺 pulmometer:肺量计Tachycardia: 心动过速。
医科英语词汇加词根医学常用英语词汇(内外妇儿科均有)目录一、内科常用字汇心血管系统血液及淋巴系统呼吸系统消化系统内分泌系统神经系统肌肉骨骼系统泌尿及男性生殖系统特殊感觉器官综合字汇二、妇产科常用字汇三、小儿科常用字汇四、精神科常用字汇五、各科常用缩写六、解剖式内外科常用字汇七、癌症相关单字八、医院内常见单字九、病历表内常见单字十、诊断用具一、内科常用字汇心血管系统The Cardiovascular SystemAcute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) 急性心机梗塞Electrocardiogram (DCG) 心电图Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease 高血压性心脏血管疾病Congential Heart Disease 先天性心脏病Hemangioma 血管瘤Vasodilatation 血管扩张Arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化Hypertension 高血压Hypertrophy 肥大Hypotension 低血压Varicose veins 静脉曲张血液及淋巴系统The Hemic and Lymphatic System Adenitis 腺炎Acute Lymphogenous Leukemia 急性淋巴球性白血病Leukocyte 白血球Leukocytopenia白血球减少Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 全身性红斑性狼疮Splenomegaly 脾肿大Anemia贫血Aseptic 无菌的Septicemia败血症Hemostasis 止血Transfusion输血呼吸系统The Respiratory SystemPulmonary embolism 肺栓塞Mucosa 黏膜Exhale呼吸Apnea窒息Tachypnea呼吸急促Pneumonia肺炎Bronchitis支气管炎Lung Empyema 肺积脓消化系统The Digestive SystemShort of breath 呼吸短促Dysphasia说话困难Aphasia 失语症Aphonia失声Dysphagia 吞咽困难Gingivitis 齿龈炎Pharyngitis 咽炎Laryngitis 喉炎Esophagoscopy 食道镜检查Esophagus stricture 食道狭窄Abdominocentesis腹部穿刺术Gastric cancer 胃癌Gastritis 胃炎Gastroenteritis胃肠炎Gastrorrhagia胃出血Pyloric obstruction 幽门阻塞Duodenal Ulcer 十二指肠溃疡Peritonitis 腹膜炎Enterorrhagia 肠出血Enterorrhexis 肠破裂Appendicitis 阑尾炎Colon cancer结肠癌Proctoscopy 直肠镜检查Rectal cancer 直肠癌Anal Fistual 肛门?I管External hemorrhoid 外痔Internal hemorrhoid 内痔Excretion 排泄Hepatitis肝炎Hepatomegaly 肝肿大Gall Stone 胆结石Cholelithiasis 胆石症Liver Cirrhosis 肝硬化Ascites腹水内分泌系统The Endocrine SystemGlycemia糖血症Goiter 甲状腺肿Diabetes Mellitus 糖尿病Diabetes Insipidus尿崩症Bromidrosis汗臭症Pituitary Tumor 脑下垂体肿瘤神经系统The Nervous SystemCerebral Arteriosclerosis 脑动脉硬化Cerebral Hemorrhage 脑出血Cerebral Edema 脑水肿Cerebra Palsy脑性麻痹Cerebral Thrombosis 脑栓塞Cranial Neruritis 脑神经炎Intracranial Hemorrhage 颅内出血Encephalitis 脑炎Electromyography 肌电图Neuritis神经炎Epilepsy 癜痫Trigeminal Neuralgia 三叉神经痛Rachitis ?偻症Rachioscoliiosis脊柱侧弯Spondylitis 脊椎炎Quadriplegia 四肢麻痹Paraplegia 下半身瘫痪Immediately loss of consciousness 立即丧失意识Eye opening睁眼反应Verbal response 语言反应Motor response 运动反应Corneal reflex 角膜反射Plantar reflex 膝反射Sciatica坐骨神经痛Chorea 舞蹈症Muscle atrophy 肌萎缩Migraine 偏头痛Parkinson's Disease 巴金森式症Brain Swelling 脑肿胀brain Concussion 脑震荡brain Anoxia脑缺氧症brain Death 脑死肌肉骨骼系统The Musculoskeletal SystemAnterior Cruciate Ligament 前十字韧带Rheumatoid Arthritis 类风湿性关节炎Arthrosclerosis关节硬化Degenerated Joint Disease变性关节炎Clavicle Fracture 锁骨骨折Pelvic Fracture 骨盆骨折Plastic Paris Cast 整形硬石膏Matastatic Lesion转移性损害Osteoporosis骨质疏松症Amputation 截肢Bone graft 骨移植Hallux Valgus大拇指外翻Prosthesis Replacement 人工弥补置换术Range of Motion 运动范围Varus 内翻Chondromalacia软骨软化症泌尿及男性生殖系统The Urinary and Male Reproductive System Cystitis 膀胱炎Circumcision包皮环割术Cystoscopy 膀胱镜检查Hydronephrosis肾水肿Renal Stone 肾结石Acute Renal Failure 急性肾衰竭Cryptorchidism 隐睾症Spermatogenesis精子生成Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy 良性摄护腺肥大Ureteral stenosis 输尿管狭窄Dysuria 排尿困难Hematuria血尿Uremia尿毒症Urinary Tract Infection 尿路感染Vasoligation 输精管结扎Impotence 阳萎特殊感觉器官The Organs of Special Senses Audiometer 听力计Otitis耳炎Otorrhea耳漏Tympanitis中耳炎Tympanotomy 鼓膜穿破术Nasitis鼻炎Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma鼻咽癌Rhinorrhea 鼻溢Intraocular Foreign Body 眼内异物Intraocular pressure 眼内压Oculus Uterque 双眼Oculus Sinister 左眼Oculus Dexter 右眼Extraocular Muscle 眼外肌Ophthalmologist 眼科医师Diplopia 复视Myopia 近视Blepharoptosis 眼睑下垂Corneitis 角膜炎Pupil Size Anisocoria瞳孔大小不等Retinopexy 视网膜固定术Retinal Detachment 视网膜剥落Visual field 视野Vocal nodular 声带结节Dermatologist 皮肤科医师Dermatitis皮肤炎Cataract白内障Glaucoma青光眼综合性字汇Contraceptive避孕的Contraindication 禁忌症Biology 生物学Hyperemesis 剧吐Polydipsia剧渴Homosexual 同性的Heterosexual 异性的Inject 注射Lipoma 脂肪瘤Lipoid 脂肪样的Lipomatosis 脂肪过多症Malformaiton 畸形Malaise 不适Necrosis坏死Nocturia 夜尿症Ployuria 多尿Narcotics 麻醉药Hyperplasia 增殖Dysplasia 发育不良Dyspepsia 消化不良Prognosis 预後Antipyretic 解热剂Hydrophobia 恐水症Photophobia 畏光Antibiotic 抗生素Syndrome 症候群Hydrotherapy 水疗法Perforation 穿孔Percussion叩诊Visceralgia脏器痛二、妇产科常用字汇Genital 生殖的Gynecology 妇科Menstruation 月经Menopause 更年期Menorrhagia经血过多Amenorrhea 无月经Dysmenorrhea经痛Menarche初经Cervical cancer 子宫颈癌Cervical Erosion子宫颈糜烂Cervicitis子宫颈炎Perineum会阴Endometriosis子宫内膜异位Ovary 卵巢Ovarian Cyst 卵巢囊肿Ovulation排卵Vaginitis阴道炎Colposcopy 阴道镜检法Galactocele乳腺囊肿Mammography 乳房X光摄影术Infertility 不孕症InVitro Fertilization 体外受精Amnion 羊膜Amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术Amniotic Fluid Embolism 羊水栓塞Hydramnion 羊水过多Anterpartal 产前的Antepartum 分娩前Chorionic Villi Sampling 绒毛膜绒毛取样Cephalo Pelvic Disproportion 胎头骨盆不对称Artificial Insemination 人工受精Engagement 进入产位Estrogen动情基素Colostrum 初乳Termination of Pregnancy 终止怀孕Corpus Luteum 黄体Vacuum Extraction Delivery 真空吸出分娩Venereal Disease 性病Tubal Ligation 输卵管结扎Laparoscope 腹腔镜Embryo 胚胎Ectopic Gestation 子宫外孕Primipara 初产妇Attitude of Fetus 胎儿体位Dead Detus in Uterus 胎死腹中Multipara 经产妇Parity 经产Placenta Previa前置胎盘Postpartum 产後Postpartum hemorrhage产後出血Toxemia of Pregnancy 妊娠毒血症Adolescence青春期Basal Body Temperature 基础体温Cesarean Section 剖腹产Expected Date of Confinement 预产期Fallopian Tube 输卵管Forceps 产钳Hydatidiform Mole 水囊状胎块Labor Pain阵痛Painless Labor 无痛分娩Molding胎头变形Normal Spontaneous Delivery 正常自然生产Papanicolaou Smear 子宫颈抹片检查Premature Rupture of Membrance 早期破水Progesterone黄体素Stillbrith死产Suture 缝合Stump残物Withdrawal Bleeding 停经出血三、小儿科常用字汇Apnea呼吸暂停Aplastic Anemia再生不良性贫血Arterio Venous Malformation 动静脉畸形Bronchial Asthma支气管性气喘Bronchitis支气管炎Cephalopematoma头血肿Erythema红斑Hypospadia尿道下裂Dehydration 脱水Hydrocephalus水脑Hydrocele 阴囊积水Polydactylia多指畸形Pyoderma脓皮症Sepsis 败血症Tonsillitis扁桃腺炎Encephalitis脑炎Gastroenteritis肠胃炎Necrotizing Enterocolitis坏死性小肠结肠炎Malignant恶性的Congenital Malformation 先天性畸形Neonatal Asphyxia新生儿窒息Cleft Palate 颚裂Diarrhea腹泻Dental Caries 龋齿Facial Nerve Paralysis 颜面神经麻痹Hives Urticaria蕈麻疹Torticollis斜颈Vaccine疫苗Incubator 保温箱Cleft lip 兔唇Chicken pox 水痘Club foot 畸足Diphtheria白喉Dengue fever 登革热Eczema湿疹Congenital syphilis 先天性梅毒German Measles/ Rubella德国麻疹Giant baby巨婴Gonorrhea 淋病Hepatitis B B型肝炎Hand-foot-mouth disease 手足口病Jaundice 黄疸Mongolian spots 蒙古斑Mumps 腮腺炎Respiratory arrest呼吸停止Roseola infantum幼儿玫瑰疹Vomiting呕吐四、精神科常用字汇Mental retardation 智能不足autism自闭症dement 痴呆症alzheimer's dementia阿尔?海默式形痴呆症alcoholism 酒瘾substances Intoxication 物质中毒alcohol Intoxication 酒精中毒amphetamine Intoxication 安非他命中毒schizophrenia精神分裂病delusional Disorder 妄想性病患Major Depressive Disorder重郁症疾患phobia畏惧症obsessive-Compulsive Disorder强迫性病患pedophilia恋童癖exhibitionism 暴露狂Transvestic Fetishism扮异性恋物癖Gender Identity Disorders 性别认同疾患Anorexia Nervosa心因性厌食症Bulimia Nervosa心因性暴食症临床症状blunted affect 感情迟钝silly Laughter 傻笑apathy冷漠irritable 易怒的euphoria欣快感depression 忧郁ambivalence感情矛盾Flat Affect感情平淡suicide attempt 自杀企图queer behavior 怪异行为bizarre behavior 特异行为hypertalkative 多话hypotalkative 少话mutistic不语hyperactivity 活动过多hypoactivity 活动过少compulsive behavior 强迫行为verbigeration 重复语言catelepsy 僵直negativism阻抗行动Mannerism作态行为destrctive behavior 破坏行为autistic thinking 自闭性思考poverty of speech 言语贫乏flight of ideas 意念飞跃loosening of association 思考连结松散illogical thinking 不合逻辑思考pressure speech 言语急迫thought blocking 思考中断incoherent 语无伦次thought Withdrawal 思想退缩irrelevant 答非所问delusion 妄想delusion of persecution 被害妄想delusion of grandeur 夸大妄想Phobia 恐惧症acrophobia 惧高症algophobia 惧痛症sexual drive 性欲illusion 错觉hallucination 幻觉auditory hallucination 听幻觉disoreinatation 失去定向力amnesia记忆丧失症confabulation 虚谈症orientation 定向力judgement 判断力derealization 失真感insight病识感no insight 无病识感intellectual insight 理性的病识感true emotional insight 真正具有情绪性病识感心理学名词free association 自由联想dream analysis 梦的解析ego 自我id 原我super ego 超我ego boundary 自我界限libido 原欲scapegoat 代罪羔羊internal conflict 内在冲突conscious 意识unconscious 潜意识preconscious前意识transference 情感转移depersonalization 人格解体derealization 脱离现实neurosis神经精神病Psychosis神经病Pleasure Principle 享乐原则Reality Principle 现实原则Moral Principle 道德原则Predisposing Factors 潜在因素Precipitating Factors 诱发因素Defense Mechanism 防卫机转compensation 补偿作用conversion 转化作用denial 否认作用displacement 转移作用dissociation 解离作用fantasy 幻想作用identification 认同作用introjection内射作用projection 外射作用retionalization 合理化作用reaction formation 反向作用degression 退化作用repression 潜抑作用suppression 压抑作用restitution 归还作用sublimation 升华作用substitution 取代作用symbolism 象徵作用undoing 抵销作用distortion 曲解作用isolation 隔离作用Cognitive behavioral Therapy认知行为治疗Empathy 同理心Resistance阻抗testing out behavior 试探行为self-awareness自我了解separation anxiety 分离焦虑reinforcement 增强原则catharsis 情绪宣泄confrontation 面质listen 倾听restraint 约束physical restraint 身体的约束chemical 药物的约束五、各科常用缩写AAAD against-advice discharge 自动出院A abdomen 腹部ADL activities of daily life 日常生活活动A/G albumin /globulin ration 白蛋白/蛋球白比例AK above knee 膝上B.BE below elbow 肘下BH body height 身高b.i.d twice a day 一日两次Bil bilateral两侧的BK below knee 膝下BM bowel movement 肠蠕动BMR basal metabolic rate 基础代谢率BPH benign prostatic hypertrophy良性摄护腺肥大BTI biliary tract infection胆道感染BUS blood, urine, stool 血液,小便,大便BW body weight 体重C.Ca. Carcinoma 癌CBC complete blood count 全血球计数CBD common bile duct 总胆管CH cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血Chest P-A chest posterio-anterio 前後胸部CO cardiac output 心输出量CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺复苏术CPS chronic paranasal sinusitis 慢性鼻窦炎C/T chemotherapy 化学治疗法CT cerebral thrombosis 脑栓塞CT Scan computerized axial tomography scan 电脑断层检查CVA cerebral vascular accident 脑血管意外CVP central venous pressure 中心静脉压D.DC discontinue 停止D&C dilatation and curettage 扩张及刮除术DM diabetes mellitus 糖尿病DPT diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus 白喉,百日咳,破伤风DU duodenal ulcer 十二指肠溃伤E.ECG eletrocardiogram 心电图EEG electroecephalogram 脑电波图ENT ear, nose, throat 耳鼻喉F.FH family history 家族史FHS fetal heart sounds 胎心音FOU fever of unknown 不明原因发烧Fr fracture 骨折G.GB gall bladder 胆囊GI tract gastric intestinal tract 胃肠道GSR general surgical routine 一般外科常规gtt. Drops 滴GU genitourinary 生殖泌尿的GYN gynecology 妇科学HHb hemoglobin 血色素HICH hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage 高血压性脑内出血h.s. at bedtime 睡前HT Hypertension 高血压Ht. (Hct.) Hematocrit 血球容积Hx History 病例IICP Intermittent catheterization program 间歇性导尿ICU Intensive care unit 加护病房ICT Intracerebral tumor脑内肿瘤I & D Incision and drainage 切开及流IICP Increased intracranial pressure 增高胪内压Imp. Impression 臆断IM Intramuscular 肌肉内的I & O Intake and output 输入及排出IV Intravenous 静脉内的IVKO Intravenous keep open 静脉点滴维持通畅JJej. Jejunum 空肠Jt. Joint 关节KKn. Knee 膝KUB Kidney, ureter, baldder 肾、输尿管及膀胱L.LFT liver function test肝功能试验LLQ left lower quadrant 左下象限LMP last menstrual period 最後一次月经MMBD may be discharged 可出院MN midnight 午夜NNKA non known allergy 不明原因的过敏NP nothing particular 并无特别的NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma 鼻咽癌NPO nothing by mouth 禁食O.OA osteo-arthritis 骨性关节炎OB occult blood 潜血OBS obstetrics 产科OP operation 手术OPD outpatient department 门诊Ortho. Orthopaedic 骨科矫行的OS ocular sinistro 左眼OT occupational therapy 职能治疗OU Both eyes 双眼Pp.c. after meals 饭後PCT Penicillin test 盘尼西林测验PE Physical examination 身体检查PI Present illness 目前病况p.o. by mouth 由口PPU Perforated petic ulcer 穿孔性胃溃疡PT Physical therapy 物理治疗PTA Prior to admission 入院前PTN Parenteral total nutrition 肠道外的高营养QQ every 每一q.d. every day 每日q.h every hour 每小时q.i.d. four times a day 每日四次q.m. every morning 每日早晨q.n. every night 每日晚间RRA rheumatoid a arthritis 类风湿性关节炎RBC red blood cell 红血球RN registered nurse 护理师R/O rule out 可能是RR recovery room 恢复室R/T radio-therapy test 放射治疗RUQ right upper quadrant 右上象限Rx take取拿Medication 处方Treatment 治疗SSc. Subcutaneous 皮下的SOB short of breath 呼吸短促SP.g.r. specific gravity 比重S/P status/ post operation 手术後s-s half 一半St(stat) immediately 立刻Staph. Staphylococcus 葡萄球菌Tt.i.d. Three times a day 每日三次TPR Temperature, pulse, respirations 体温、脉搏、呼吸TURP Trans-urethral resection of prostate 经尿道切除摄护腺UURI Upper respiratory infection 上呼吸道感染WWBC White blood cell 白血球White blood count 白血球计数YY/O year old 年龄Z zero 零六、解剖式内外科常用字汇The cardiovascular system 心血管系统lungs 肺脏venisvessels血管capillaries微血管cardi 心脏arteriesblood clot凝血The Hemic and Lymphatic System血液及淋巴系统Blood 血液Red blood cell 红血球White blood cell白血球Platelet血小板The Respiratory System 呼吸系统Bronchial tube主支气管Alveoii气泡Pharynx咽Larynx喉Trachea气管Lung肺Bronchioles小支气管Pleura胸膜Chest 胸Air 气The Digestive System 消化系统Lips唇teeth 牙齿tongue舌bile duct 胆管gallbladder 胆囊duodenum十二指肠jejunum空肠ileum 回肠appendix 阑尾small intestine小肠large intestine大肠rectum 直肠anus 肛门pancreas胰stomach 胃esophagus食道pharynx咽The Endocrine SystemGlands 腺体Adrenals肾上腺Pancreas胰Pituitary 脑下腺Thyroid and parathyroids 甲状腺和副甲状腺Breasts 乳房Ovaries 卵巢Testes睾丸The Nervous SystemBrain 脑Spinal cord 脊髓Vertebra脊椎Cranium颅腔Meninges脑膜Nerves神经The Musculoskeletal System 肌肉骨系统Skull 头骨Clavicle锁骨Sternum 胸骨Ribs 助骨Joints 关节Ligaments 韧带Tendons 肌腱Cartilage 软骨The Urinary and Male Reproductive System 泌尿及男性生殖系统Cortex皮质Urinary膀胱Urethra尿道Ureters输尿管Kidney 肾脏Renal pelvis 肾孟Vas deferens精管Urinary bladder 膀胱prostate gland前列腺scrotum 阴囊testis 睾丸penis阴茎urethra尿道The Organs of Special Senses 特殊感觉器官Acoustic nerve听神经Ear 耳朵Hearing 听觉的tube 耳咽管Eardrum 耳骨膜Eustachian 欧式管Nasal cavities鼻腔Nose 鼻Eyelid眼睑Lens晶球体Carnea角膜Tear duct泪管Conjunctiva结膜Choroid layer 脉络膜Retina视网膜Sclera巩膜Optic nerve视神经Obstetrics & Hynecology 妇产科常用字汇Fallopian tube输卵管Ovary 卵巢Uterus子宫Vagina阴道Vulva女阴(外生殖器官)脑部系统cerebrum 大脑corpus callosum 胼胝体thalamus 视丘cerebellum 小脑diencephalon 间脑cerebral peduncles大脑脚infundibulum漏斗hypophysis 脑下垂体midbrain 中脑pons 桥脑medulla 延脑brain stem 脑干眼球构造pupil 瞳孔suspensory ligaments 悬韧带ciliary process捷状突retinal veins网膜静脉retinal arteries网膜动脉optic nerve视神经anterior chamber前眼房posterior chamber 後眼房iris虹膜vitreous body 玻璃状体internal rectus muscle 内直肌lacrimal puncta泪孔lacrimal canaliculi泪小管lacrimal gland 泪腺excretory lacrimal duct 泪腺管eyebrow眉毛耳朵构造cochlea 耳蜗eustachian tube 耳咽管helix 耳壳tympanic membrance 鼓膜external auditory canal 外耳道semicircular canals半规管malleus锤骨vestibulocochlear nerve前庭耳蜗神经口腔gingiva 齿龈molars 大臼齿premolars 小臼齿canines犬齿incisors 门齿vestibule of mouth 口腔前庭upper lip 上唇upper lip frenulum 上唇系带alveolar provess齿槽突hard palate硬颚palatine tonsil颚扁桃腺sublingual caruncle 舌下阜七、癌症相关单字1. gastric cancer胃癌2. pancreatic cancer胰脏癌3. colon cancer结肠癌4. rectal cancer直肠癌5. prostate cancer摄护腺癌6. nasotharyngdal carcinona鼻咽癌7. cervical cancer子宫颈癌8. lung cancer肺癌9. esophageal cancer食道癌10. bladder cancer膀胱癌11. laryngl caner喉癌12. ovarian cancer软巢癌13. liver cancer肝癌14. skin cancer皮肤癌15. breast cancer乳癌16. leukemia血癌17. bone cancer骨癌18. brain tumor脑癌19. heart disease 心脏病20. lymphoma 淋巴瘤八、医院内常见单字Hospital 医院Nursing school = nursing home 护理学校(nursing home) Private convalescencehospital慢性疾病或恢复期的患者寮养的私立小医院(nursery school) 处理幼稚园之幼儿的地方Department of Medicine = Department of Internal Medicine 内科Resident in medicine 内科住院医师Chief of Medicine 内科主任(Medical man)Internist = intern = intern 实习生(Internist = 内科医师)House officer 医院医师的称呼Junior and senior students 医学院学生(通常3或4学生)Extern 医院实习生Clinical clerk 从事病历记录实习之学生Student nurse 护理学生Graduate nurse护理学校毕业的护士Registered nurse (R.N.)取得考试许可证Supervisor督导护士Head nurse护士长Scrub nurse 手术助理护士Practicing physician = physician in practice = practitioner 开业医生Ambulance = ambulatory 救护车(不限於车子只要是搬运病人的船或飞机) Ambulant 可走动不必卧床的病人Ambulantory patient住院患者可走动(May ambulate, ambulatory, up ad lib, may walk)Malingerer 装病的人(malinger 装病)Paretic 麻痹患者Malpractice 诊疗错误Emergency room 急诊室Ward 病房station护理站por恢复室Patient患者,病人Narcotic 麻醉药Nurse护士Doctor 医生Internist内科医生Surgeon外科医生Dentist 牙科医生Gynecologist 妇科医生Orthopedist 骨科医生Oculist 眼科医生Pediatrician 小儿科医生Psychiatrist 精神病医生Intern实习医生Examination table 诊疗台Clinical thermometer 体温计Stethoscope 听诊器Reflector 反光镜X-ray checkup X 光检查X-ray photograph X光像片Operation 手术Scalpel 手术刀Syringe 针筒Hypodermic needle 注射针Injection 注射Ice bag 冰袋Fixation forceps 固定镊Medicine, drug药品Bandage 绷带Absorbent cotton 脱脂棉Gauze 纱布Mask 口罩Wheel chair 轮椅Crutches ?收?br />Ambulance 救护车Stretcher 担架Chart 病历表Prescription处方Blood pressure 血压Blood type 血型Artificial respiration 人工呼吸Pill 药丸Capsule胶囊Ointment 软膏Iodine tincture 碘酒Sedative 镇静剂Intensive care unit 加护病房Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) 心肺复苏术Intravenous drip 点滴Chemotherapy化学治疗Computerized Topography电脑断层magnetic resonance imaging核磁共振Bureau of National Health Insurance中央健保局Fracture骨折Gypsum 石膏九、病历表内常见单字Front sheet, Summary sheet 首页,摘要表History sheet 病历表Physical examination sheet 身体检查表Physician's order sheet 医嘱单Physician's progress note 医生用病情进展记录Laboratory reports 检验报告Radiographic reports X光检查报告Nursing notes 护理记录Graphic chart 图式病历Discharge summary sheet 出院摘要Operation report 手术报告Anesthesiarecord 麻醉记录Consultation sheet 会诊单Intake and output sheet 摄取与排泄记录Consent (or permission) for operation 手术同意书Emergency room record 急诊室记录住院病历表身家调查事项( identifying data or biographic data)admission date 住院日期hospital number = chart number 病历号码room number 病房号码namesexagebirth datebirth placemarital status = civil status 婚姻状况addressoccupationempolyer 雇主公司行号health insurance number 医疗保险号码referring physician 转介医生各系统的表现状况--全身状态违和感malaise (= a vague feeling of bodily discomfort, indefinite bodily weakness or discomfort)feel unwell (ill, poorly)疲劳感.倦怠感lassitudefatiguetirednesswearinesslanguorlack of energy (vigor)listlessnessexhaustionworn-out虚脱无力状态weaknessfeeblenesslack (loss) of strengthdebilitypowerlessnessprostration(= extreme weakness or exhaustion)asthenia睡眠状态sleepslumber (=light sleep)a nap (=a short sleep)a doze (= a light or fitful sleep)入睡fall asleep ; go to sleep小睡take a nap ; take a doze ; slumber ; doze ; drowse欲睡的sleepy ; drowsy ; somolent ; lethargic睡意sleepiness ; drowsiness ; somnolence摧睡become(= feel =get) sleepy(=drowsy = somnolent)睡眠不足loss(= lack = want) of sleep失眠insomnia ; sleeplessness ; wakefulness ; inability to sleep 失眠症的人insomniac熟睡sound (profound) sleep睡醒awake ; wake ; rouse ; awaken作梦dream恶梦nightmare梦游症sleepwalking ; somnambulism梦游病者sleep-walker ; somnambulist ; night-walker体重方面(weight ; body weight)体重为weigh~ ; be ~ in weight最高maximum最低minimum平均average最适optimum现在present体重减少weight loss ; loss of weight体重增加weight gain ; gain in weight ; increase in weight瘦thin ; lean ; skinny瘦弱emaciated (emaciation)肥胖fat ; stout ; fatty体温状况(body temperature量体温take one's temperature发烧fever ; pyrexia ; rise (elevation) of temperature ; increase in temperature 发烧的feverish ; febrile ; fevered ; pyrexic ; pyrexial无发烧的afebrile ; feverless ; apyrexial发冷a chill ; rigor ; have a cold fit寒颤shiver ; shake ; shaking chills ; shivering with chills退热fall ; drop ; go down ; abate ; remit发汗sweating ; perspiration弛张热remittent fever间歇热intermittent fever连续热continuous fever危险期by crisis转轻期by lysis疼痛方面偏头痛migraine ; megrim ; hemicrania ;後头部痛occipital pain侧头部痛temporal pain前头部痛frontal pain头痛have(suffer) a headache ; one's head aches ; feel a pain in the head 耳痛earache ; sore ears ; toalgia咽喉痛sore throat ; pharyngalgia眼痛have painful eyes ; one's eyes hurt(smart)齿痛toothache胸痛chest pain心前部痛precordial pain心绞痛anginal pain胸股下後痛substernal (retrosternal) pain胸膜炎痛pleuritic pain腹痛abdominal pain ; belly(stomach) ache上腹痛epigastric pain ; pain in the epigastrium上腹部痛upper abdominal pain下腹部痛lower abdominal pain左上腹部痛left upper quadrant pain侧腹部痛flank pain背痛backache腰痛low backache ; lumbago关节痛joint pain肌肉痛muscular pain神经痛neuralgia绞痛colic ; colicky pain胆石绞痛biliary or gallstone colic肾石痛renal colic痛cramps ; crampy (cramping) pain; spasmodic博动痛throbbing(pounding, thumping, pulsating) pain转移性痛radiating pain ; pain with radiation牵连痛referred pain电击痛lightning (fulgurant, shooting) pain带状痛girdle pain神经根性痛root pain空腹痛hunger pain夜间痛nocturnal pain自发痛spontaneous pain压痛tenderness固定痛fixed (steady) pain灼热痛burning pain刺状痛lancinating ; piercing ; stinging ; darting; stabbing分裂状头痛splitting ; racking撕裂状痛tearing ; rending ;钝痛dull ; obtuse ;剧烈痛sharp ; excruciating ; tormenting ; torturing ; racking ; agonizingly severe不断阵痛gnawing ; griping擦伤痛stinging ; smarting ; sore针刺痛pricking ; pricking呼吸器管和循环器管系统呼吸breath ; respiration呼吸困难difficulty in breathing ; dyspnea呼吸短促be short of breath ; shortness of breath ;be short-winded; be out of breath ; lose one's breath深呼吸breathe deeply叹息sigh ; draw a long breath喘息pant端坐呼吸orthopnea劳动时呼吸困难exertional dyspnea ; difficulty in breathing on exertion( physical activity)夜间呼吸困难nocturnal dyspnea呼吸快速tachypnea ; rapid breathing喘呜wheeze ; wheezing打喷嚏sneezing ; sneeze打嗝hiccup (hiccough) ; singultus咳嗽cough阵发性咳嗽have a fit of coughing ; have a paroxysmal清喉clear the throat乾咳dry cough ; hacking couth ; nonproductive cough有痰咳productive cough ; cough with sputum喀痰sputum ; phlegm ; expectorate喀血hemoptysis ; bloody expectoration粘喀痰viscid (tenaceous ; thick ) sputum浓喀痰frothy sputum泡沫状喀痰mucoid sputum脓性喀痰purulent sputum血性喀痰bloody sputum混血喀痰blood-streaked sputum绿色喀痰greenish sputum锈色喀痰rusty sputum感冒common cold流形性感冒influenze ; flu ; grippe上呼吸道感染upper respiratory infection (U.R.I.)胸膜炎pleruisy气喘asthma心悸palpitation悸动palpitate ; throb脉搏暂停pause in the pulse ; skipped pulse (heart beat)速脉rapid pulse ; tachycardia徐脉slow pulse ; bradycardia高血压high blood pressure ; hypertension ; hypotension心脏麻痹heart attack ; heart failure ; cardiac standstill狭心症angina (=angina pectoris)心脏瓣膜症valvular disease of the heart ; leaking heart valve (leaky heart)动脉硬化hardening of the arteries ; arterioscalerosis血液循环不佳have a poor circulation of blood间歇性跛行intermittent claudication消化器官系统食欲不振a poor (weak or bad) appetite ; no little appetite ; loss (lack or decrease) of appetite ; anorexia食欲增进increase (improvement) of appetite无食欲have no (little ; a poor) appetite食欲旺盛have a strong (voracious) appetite丧失食欲lose one's apptite空腹an empty stomach咀嚼chewing ; mastication吞咽swallow gulp吞咽困难difficulty in swallowing ; dysphagia嗳气打噎belching ; eructation打酸噎sour eructation心灼热heatburn ; pyrosis ; water brash逆流regugitation恶心nausea ; retch ; heaving ; nauseous feeling ; sickly feeling感到恶feel nausea (nauseous, nauseated, sick,queasy) ; retch ; heave ; feel like vomiting呕吐vomiting ; emesis ; vomit ; throw up ; bring up ; spew呕吐物vomit ; vomitus; vomited matter咖啡渣coffee-grounds消化digestion消化不良indigestion ; dyspepsia腹部饱胀abdominal distention ; bloating ; flautulence; meteorism; gassiness腹鸣borborygmus ; gurgling ; growling ; rumbling黄疸jaundice ; icterus腹水ascites通便bowel movement ; bowel habit ; pass stools ; move one's bowels ; defecate ; evacuate the bowels ;下痢diarrhea ; loose bowels ;便秘constipation水状watery stool (feces)血状bloody stool柏油状tarry stool泥状mushy stool软状loose stool硬状hard stool呈固状formed stool呈半固状semiformed stool大便失禁fecal incontinence放屁pass gas ; pass wind ; pass flatus泌尿与生殖器官系统排尿urination ; micturition ; pass(void) urine ; urinate ; micturate尿意urge (desire ) to urinate尿急urinary urgency频尿urinary frequency夜间频尿frequent urination during the night ; nycturia多尿polyuria少尿oliguria无尿anuria排尿困难difficulty in urination ; dysuria闭尿urinary retention尿失禁urinary incontinence夜间多尿nocutria夜尿症bed-wetting ; enuresis混浊尿cloudy (turbid) urine血尿bloody urine ; hematuria性欲sexual desire ; libido性交sexual intercourse ; coitus ; coition杨萎impotence勃起erection射精ejaculation早泄premature ejaculation遗精pollution梦遗nocturnal pollution(emission); wet dream包茎phimosis ; tightening of the foreskin (prepuce)割礼circumcision性病veneral disease (V.D.)月经menstruation ; menses ; periods ; menstrual periods初潮menarche ; onset of menses停经menopause更年期climacteric ; changeof life痛经dysmenorrhea ; painful menstruation无月经amenorrhea ; missed periods月经过多menrrhagia ; hypermenorrhea ; excessive bleeding; excessive flow 白带vaginal discharge阴道出血vaginal bleeding少量时yaginal spoting子宫出血metrorrhagia ; uterine bleeding妊娠pregnancy ; conception怀孕conceive ; be pregnant不妊sterility ; barrenness ; infertility ; inability to conceive流产abortion ; miscarriage ;人工流产induced abortion避孕contraception; birth control避孕药contraceptive阵痛labor生产分娩childbirth ; delivery ; give birth to ; be delivered坐月子childbed ; confinement; pueriperium ; puerperal period孕吐morning sickness ; nausea and vomiting of pregancy骨关节与肌肉系统脱臼joint ; dislocation ; be dislocated be out of joint ; be put out of joint扭伤sprain挫伤sprain (twist ; wrench )关节炎arthritis风湿症theumatism痛风gout (gaut)关节痛arthralgia ; joint pain变形deformity骨折fracture石膏cast ; plaster of Paris义腿(肢) artificial limb肌肉痛muscle pain ; myalgia ; sore muscle扭筋strain ; sprain肩坚硬stiffness in a shoulder ; a stiff shoulder ; a cramp in the calf ; leg cramp 抽筋have a cramp ; be cramped肌肉压痛tenderness of muscle ; muscular tenderness精神与神经系统意识混浊clouding of consciousness丧失意识loss of consciousness ; unconsciousness恢复意识recover consciousness昏厥fainting ; syncope昏睡soma昏迷stupor嗜睡somnolence ;sleepiness; drowiness ; lethargy错乱confusion ; distracted ; distraught胆妄的delirious幻觉hallucination痉挛convulsion ; cramp ; spasm癫痫epilepsy半身不遂be paralyzed on one side ; become hemiplegic肌无力muscular weakness步行困难difficulty in walking说话不清speak thickly蹒跚stagger ; reel ; falter ; walk zigzag ; walk with an unsteady gait; reel along 肌肉萎缩atrophy of muscle左手性left-handedness右手性right-handedness运动失调ataxia无感觉loss of sensation ; numbness ; anesthesia失去感觉become numb ; loss sensibility知觉过敏hypersthesia知觉迟钝hypesthesia知觉异常paresthesia神经质nervousness ; sensitive ; touchy。
医学英语术语词根汇总
以下是一些常见的医学英语术语的词根汇总:
1. 肌肉:myo-
2. 骨骼:osteo-
3. 神经:neuro-
4. 心脏:cardio-
5. 血液:hemo-(也可以写作hemat-)
6. 肝:hepat-
7. 肾:nephr-(也可以写作renal-)
8. 肺:pulmo-(也可以写作pneumo-)
9. 皮肤:derm-(也可以写作cuti-)
10. 鼻子:rhino-
11. 眼睛:ophthalmo-(也可以写作ophthalm-)
12. 心脑血管:cardiovascular-
13. 呼吸:respir-
14. 消化:gastro-
15. 骨折:fract-
16. 细菌感染:bacteri-
17. 环境:ec-(也可以写作environ-)
18. 代谢:metab-(也可以写作metaboli-)
19. 感染:infect-
20. 炎症:inflamm-(也可以写作-itis)
这些词根可以帮助我们更容易地理解和记忆医学英语术语。
请注意,这只是一小部分常见的词根,医学术语非常广泛,有许多其他的词根可供学习和使用。
医学英语术语词根词缀汇总一:神经、血管、肌词根neur-/njuər/神经angi-/'ændʒi/血管,管my-/mai/肌后缀-itis/'aitis/炎-osis/'əusis/病-oma/'əumə/瘤-omatosis/əumə'təusis/瘤病示例1neuritis神经炎2neurosis神经(机能)病3neuroma神经瘤4neuromatosis神经瘤病5angioneuroma血管神经瘤二:胃、肠、肝、胆词根gastr-/gæstr/胃enter-/'entər/肠,小肠hepat-/'hepət/肝chol-/kəul/胆chole-/'kəuli/cholangi-/kəu’lændʒi/胆管后缀-ia/iə/(表示疾病状态)-algia/'ældʒiə/痛alg-/ælg/(仍可用作词根)-dynia/'diniə/痛-rrhagia/'reidʒiə/出血-ptosis/'ptəusis/下垂以ia为结尾的词,其重音在倒数第三个音节上。
英语的重读元音的长短与音节的开闭有关。
在开音节读长音,如:-rrhagia。
在闭音节一般读短音,如:-algia。
如重读元音是y或i,不论音节开闭,一般读短音。
如-dynia。
示例1gastralgia胃痛2gastrodynia胃痛3gastrorrhagia胃出血4gastroptosis胃下垂三:气管、支气管、肺词根trache-/'treiki/气管bronch-/brɔŋk/支气管pneum-/nju:m/肺,呼吸,空气pneumat-/'nju:mət/肺,呼吸,空气pneumon-/nju:’məun/肺后缀-pathy/('ɔ)pəθi/病path/pæθ/(仍可作词根)-logy/('ɔ)lədʒi/学说-list/ist/者,人员-logist/('ɔ)lədʒist/学者,学家-scopy/('ɔ)skəpi/镜检法,检查法-graphy/('ɔ)grəfi/X线照相术,描记法,造影术当倒数第二个音节的元音是短音,重音就落在倒数第三个音节上。
医学英语词根表hemo/hamato/emia血serum血清angi/ascule血管vas/vessel/angio脉管arterio动脉vena/venous/phlebo静脉capillary毛细管cardi/corono心脏aorta主动脉atrio/atrium心房ventricle心室valve心瓣膜pericardium心包sinoatrial node窦房结sphygmo脉搏viscera内脏histo组织aden腺adipo/lipo/steato/lip脂肪mya/myo肌肉dermato/derm/cutane/cuti/der mis/epidermo/cutane皮肤表皮ligament/syndesmo韧带lemma/syno膜synovo滑膜tendon/teno肌腱atelo/myelo/myelo/spinal/med ullo髓arthr/articulo关节fascia筋膜os/osteo骨chondro/cartilage软骨diaphysis骨干crani颅骨maxillary上颌骨mandible下颌骨rachio/spine脊柱humerus肱骨radius桡骨ulna尺骨carpals腕骨condyle/malleolus髁scapula肩胛骨clavicle锁骨chondr/costal/rib肋骨sternum胸骨pel/pelvi骨盆sacra骶骨coccyx尾骨illiac髂骨ischium坐骨pubis耻骨femur股骨patella髌骨tibia胫骨fibula/perone腓骨tarsals/ankle踝calcaneus跟骨metacarpals跖骨phalanges趾骨cephal头blepharo/palpebro眼睑ophthalmo眼cilia睫毛retina视网膜lens/pha(k/c)o晶状体cor/coria/pupil/pupillo瞳孔choroid脉络膜conjunctiva结膜kearto/corneo角膜sclera巩膜uve葡萄膜scotoma盲点irido/iris虹膜dacryo/lacrimo眼泪chiasma视交叉cyclo睫状肌/体vitreous body玻璃体oto/auro耳pinna耳廓myringo/ear drum鼓膜eustachian咽鼓管cerumen耳垢cochlea耳蜗labyrinth(骨/膜)迷路tympan鼓室rhine/naso鼻bucco面颊maxillo下颌cheilo/libio嘴唇parotid腮腺oro/stomato口腔oclonto/gingivo牙龈denti牙齿glosso/linguo舌tonsillo扁桃体uvula悬雍垂sial/saliver涎esophag食管gastra胃pyloro幽门entero肠rrhaphy十二指肠jejuno空肠ileo回肠appendo阑尾colo结肠ceco盲肠sigmoid乙状结肠procto/recto直肠ano肛门hepat肝cholecysto胆囊cholangio胆管bilio胆pancreato胰hemorrhoids痔疮abdomen/aparo/ventro/abdomino/laparo/celio腹celiac/peritoneo腹腔spleno脾lumb腰thoraco/pectoris/stetho胸部cervical颈pharynx咽epiglottis会厌laryngo喉broncho支气管trachea气管thyroid甲状腺thym/thymus胸腺mion肩brachial手臂pneumo/hemo/pulmon肺alveol/alveolus肺泡pleura胸膜phreno膈uro泌尿nephr/renal肾glomerular肾小球hilum肾门pyelo肾盂ureter输尿管cyst/vesico/bladder膀胱urethra尿道perineo/episio/perineum/culva 会阴genitalia/gono生殖器gonad生殖腺mammo/masto乳房oophoro/ovary卵巢salpinx/fallopian tube输卵管hystero/urerus/metri子宫cervico子宫颈adnexa附件placentae胎盘amnion羊膜chorio绒毛膜colpo/vagina阴道labia阴唇clitoris阴蒂orcho/testicle/didym/testis睾丸deferens输精管vesicle精囊prostate前列腺bulbour球部scrotum阴囊penis/balano阴茎semen精液spermato精子neur神经plexus神经丛synapse突触axon轴突dendrite树突thecal/sheath/lemma神经鞘ganglio/a神经节cerebrum/encephalo大脑convolution/gyrus/guri脑回sulcus/sulci沟polio灰质cortex皮层dura硬脑膜ventricles脑室mater/meningo脑膜thalamus丘脑cerebellum小脑pons脑桥oblongata延髓spondylo/vertebra脊椎radiculo脊神经根sympathetic交感神经hypophy/hypophysis垂体hypothalamus下丘脑pineal松果体sella turcica蝶鞍itis/nia炎症oma/carcino/onco/kel肿瘤/肿块osis/iasis异常pathy病态plasia增生trophy肥大rrhea/rrheic漏/溢出rrhagia/hemo出血stenosis狭窄ptysis/emesis吐omegaly肿大ectasis/dilation扩大cele/herino疝/膨出caries腐败necrosis坏死algia/dynia/dys痛atelo发育不全hydro积水spad/bifida裂开atrophy萎缩megaly增大sclerosis硬化malacia软化tosis下垂edema水肿sarcoma肉瘤myoma肌瘤spasm痉挛polyps息肉mortem死亡ulcer溃疡sepsis感染penia减少asthenia/mia无力lytic/clasis破坏purulent/suppuration化脓diastole/ectasis舒张膨胀embolism栓塞tosis下垂chalasis/tosis/prolapse脱垂coarctation缩窄contusion挫伤poprosis疏松pyrexia发热occlusion闭塞infarct梗塞(in/e)version内/外翻ankylo/stiff僵硬rrhexis破裂cyanosis发绀gangrene坏疽dystrophy营养不良edema/swelling肿胀anaphylaxis过敏fibrillation纤颤concussion震荡ruga褶皱atheroma粥样变vertigo眩晕plegia/palsy/paralysis麻痹瘫痪pruritus/sor瘙痒papule丘疹tinea癣verruca疣petechiae瘀斑vesicle水疱urtico/wheal疹块node结节vitiligo白斑diar/rhea腹泻fistula瘘toxicosis中毒tresia开口abruptio剥脱dipsia渴abscess脓肿litho/calculus结石tetany肌强直mycosis真菌病synapse晕厥isch/emia局部缺血cata=downana/epi=upauto自身的end/endo/entra/eso内部的exo/ecto/ec=outhyper=up上调增强hypo/hyp=down下调减退pro=beforeec/e=outad/af=towardanter=frontdist远端的poster/dors=backperi/para/par=surrounding meso/icle中间的sagittal矢状位的caudal尾的epo=uponventro腹侧infra=belowretro逆向的/后面的supra=aboveultra/meta=beyondendo/intra/intus=within dia/trans通过经过ab远离ana=backwardtome/tomy/verse切cision切opsy看logy学习scopy内镜检查secrete/crine分泌ectomy切除clysis滴注/溶解rrhaphy缝补修补susception吸收phil吸引plasia/poiesis/genesis/fication/gen生成lysis破坏/分离stasis控制停止trophy发展isch止住pexy固定pepsia消化thesis放置duct指向/携带nea/pnea呼吸systole/constric收缩rhea流动phoria感受meta改变drome出现发生grade移动physis/plastic生长成长phagia/phago吞咽uresis尿尿ischo缺rrhea流动tocia/para/partum/natal生育tropin促进previa前置cyesis怀孕taxic定位mito延伸jacul射gen/genesis/plasia生成graph/gram X线摄影pathic发病flex/bent屈folio离开sphyx停止tysis咯出audio听stigma/point指向crit/lysis分离abduct外展adduct内收lordo前凸cubi躺tropia旋转icaus烧灼agglutinate凝集symphysis联合irradiate照射morbidity发病accommodate调节coafulate凝固oblique倾斜lolisthesis前移infiltrate渗入metastasis/apheresis转移翻转a/an/oligo/de缺少dia完全的/彻底的hyper充足的hypo缺乏的chronic慢性的de下/缺少pan全部的noc/nyct夜间的olig少的para异常的proximal/brachy邻近的近端的acro极端的/高处ole/cle小的oid…样的con/sym/syn一起的neutro中性的poly很多的blast未成熟的/成细胞的basal基底的cryo冰的brady慢的contra对侧的eu好的dys/mal坏的hemi一半的macro/mega大的meso/mes中间的ideo=own自发的patent开放的neo新生的eosino酸性的baso碱性的pseudo假的tele远的nulli无idio个人的genic致…的iso相同等同的ante…之前的orthro/rhabdo直的(矫正)gyneco女性的andro雄性的poikilo异性的pia柔软的situ原位的dorsi背侧的crypt隐藏的angio特殊的rh类...的gravis严重的primi初次的spherce球形的terato畸形的oxia含氧的leio平滑的varicose/twisted曲张的lethal致命的xero干燥的acu尖的leio平滑的melano黑色的tropic促…的(激素)mimetic拟…的(药物)adjuvant辅助的toxic有毒的sessile固着的scirro硬的tachy急速的paroxysmal阵发的stratified分层的in vitro在体外的in vivo在体内的stereo立体的parietal壁的necrotic坏死的comminuted粉碎的venereal性病的endemic地方性的presbre老年的exanthematous1疹的theumatic风湿性的squamous鳞状的vitreous玻璃状的striated纹状的cancellous网眼状的prone俯卧的recumbent躺着的supine仰卧的integumentary体表的pernicious恶性的mono单个的bi/duo/diplo成双的quadri四个的leuk/albino白色的erythr红色的cyano蓝色的polio灰的cirrh/luteum/xantho黄色的congenital先天异常的efferent传出的afferent传入的bio生命体plasm物质psyche精神physio生理patho病理gram记录iatro治疗logist专家patho病mucosa黏膜hydro/aqueo水ase酶gl(y/u)co糖stinum=(纵)隔septum/septa隔膜phobia恐惧phonia发音session叶morph/mor形状lymph淋巴calyx杯、盏fungus/myco/phyto真菌cocci/coccus球菌bacilli杆菌myco/fungus毒蕈toxin毒素cyto/cyt细胞sarco肉amyl淀粉topia位置antrum窦cyst/folli/sac/saccule/utricle/bursa囊nucleo/karyo核ped儿童gyneco妇女situ原位meatus通道cortico皮质medulla髓质metrio内膜stroma基质karyo染色体glial胶质esthesia感觉algesia痛觉osmia嗅觉dipsia渴phasia言语lexia阅读echo回声gait步态astro星形trigone三角区orifice/foramen孔、口meno/menses月经prandial/cibum=餐pneumo气体kinetic/cine/motion运动interstitia间质parenchyma实质muta/mutation突变immuno免疫reticulum网plakia/macule斑granulo颗粒embolus/emboli栓子oxy/hidra汗液stra/stratum层fossa/fovea/pit窝lumen腔gonio/angle角uria尿auro耳acous/cusis/hearing听力sono/phonia声音ocu/ocular眼睛opia/optal/vision视力isthmus峡部thermy热tono张力baro重量压力sebum皮脂chemo/pharmaco化学药物modality方式rales罗音sputum痰stridor喘鸣gonad性腺cicatrix瘢痕melanin黑色素pigment/chromato色素glycogen糖原extension伸展flexion屈曲colla胶原chole/gall/bile胆汁crystal晶体globin蛋白pilo/tricho毛发rhabdo横纹肌fissure裂纹nidal/nest巢convex凸面fundus基底papilla乳头effusion渗出液myx/mucus粘液黏液ostomy造口术curettage刮除术version倒转术(心律)desis固定术plasty整形术centesis穿刺术anastomosis吻合术conization锥形切除术prosthesis修复术extraction移除/摘除术cryocauterization冷烙术castration阉割aspiration吸引术trephination环锯术exenteration去脏术ic…的aloseentiorealoid...样的aryticousoidsisusismgealcataract白内障diplopia复视dysphonia发音困难glaucoma青光眼hemianopia偏盲nyctalopia夜盲症nystagmus眼球震颤strabismus斜视tinnitus耳鸣acromegaly指端肥大症goiter甲状腺肿cretinism克汀病diabetes insipidus尿崩症diabetes mellitus糖尿病dwarfism侏儒症exophthalmus突眼征gigantism巨人症pheochromocytoma嗜铬细胞瘤hemangioma血管瘤emphysema肺气肿asthma哮喘epilepsy癫痫kyphosis驼背empyema脓胸angina心绞痛purpura紫癜ecchymosis/petechiae瘀斑decubitus褥疮albinism白化病sciatica坐骨神经痛diphtheria白喉syphilis梅毒tuberculosis结核hemophilia血友病thalassemia地贫amyotrophic lateral sclerosis肌萎缩性侧索硬化acanthosis棘皮病pemphigus天疱疮psoriasis牛皮癣pneumoconiosis/silicosis尘肺insipidus尿崩症uremia尿毒症kernicterus核黄疸aphaso失语症apoplexy中风apraxia失用症chorea舞蹈病ileus肠梗阻volvulus肠扭转melena黑粪症jaundice/icterus黄疸varices血管曲张ascites腹水phenylketonuria苯丙酮尿症pneumothorax气胸lupus erythematosus狼疮keratin角蛋白albumin白蛋白fibrin纤维蛋白globulin球蛋白sidero铁calfi钙iodine碘kal/pokassium钾nitrogen氮phosphorus磷natre/sodium钠corium真皮herpes疱疹impetigo/pustule脓疱acne粉刺eczema湿疹bulla大疱comedo黑头sebaceous皮脂腺nevus痣phimosis包茎prepuce包皮vegetation赘生物heparin肝素renin肾素histamine组胺cortisol皮质醇adrenal肾上腺aldosterone醛固酮calcitonin降钙素catecholamine儿茶酚胺cholecystokinin胆囊收缩素luteinizing hormone黄体素prolactin催乳素epinephrine肾上腺素erythropoietin红细胞生成素estradiol雌二醇estrogen雌激素gastrin胃泌素glucagon胰高血糖素glucocorticoid糖皮质激素progesterone孕酮renin血管紧张肽原酶vasopressin抗利尿激素oxytocin催产素melatonin褪黑激素mineralocorticoid盐皮质激素norepinephrine去甲肾上腺素parathormone甲状旁腺激素somatotropin生长激素steroid类固醇testosterone睾酮prostaglandin前列腺素insulin胰岛素cortisone可的松cholesterol胆固醇adenine腺嘌呤cytosime胞嘧啶guanine鸟嘌呤purine嘌呤pyrimidine嘧啶thymine胸腺嘧啶mitosis有丝分裂chromosome染色体ribsome核糖体mitochondria线粒体fetalis胎儿galacto乳汁gestation妊娠gravida孕妇meconium胎粪deglutition吞咽chlorhydria胃酸eructation嗳气regurgi/tation反胃peristalsis蠕动mastication咀嚼emul/sification乳化flatus胃肠气屁bilirubin胆红素borborygmus腹鸣hemorrhoids痔constipation便秘gluconeogenesis糖异生metabolism代谢catabolism分解代谢anabolism合成代谢sphincter括约肌pronation俯卧supination仰卧palpation触诊stethoscope听诊器auscultation听诊percussion叩诊orthopnea端坐呼吸crepitation捻发音electrolyte电解质creatinine肌酐thrombin凝血酶acetylcholine乙酰胆碱thrombocyt/platelet血小板phenylketon苯丙酮酸phoresis电泳capnia/anthraco二氧化碳。
Suffix Meaning Example-ac pertaining to属于,关于cardiac: pertaining to the heart 心脏(病)的-al pertaining to medical: pertaining to medicine-ar pertaining to molecular: pertaining to a molecule分子的-ary pertaining tobelonging to ciliary: pertaining to the cilia 睫毛的,纤毛的,毛状的-ase enzyme 酶amylase: any enzyme that converts starch to sugar淀粉酶-cle smallness小,少,贫乏,小气follicle: a small bodily cavity or sac 小囊,(头发的)毛囊-e an instrument 仪器auriscope: an instrument for examining the ear (检查耳朵用的)耳镜-eal pertaining to laryngeal: pertaining to the larynx喉的, 喉音的-ia condition; quality phobia: abnormal fear 恐惧,害怕-ic pertaining to toxic: pertaining to toxin有毒的;因中毒引起的-ics study of; name of a science paediatrics: study of children, their developmentand diseases 儿科学-ine/in substance 物质insulin:substance (hormone) produced by theislets of Langerhans in the pancreas胰岛素-ism process or condition alcoholism: excessive drinking of alcohol whichbecomes addictive 酒精中毒-ist one who specializes in精通于……的人pharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in the study of drugs 药理专家-itis inflammation refers to a part in……部位的炎症rhinitis: inflammation of the nasal passages 鼻炎,鼻粘膜炎-(i)um relation to a whole; related to与……相关endometrium: inner lining of the uter子宫内膜-ive characterizes by antitussive: a drug that suppresses coughing止咳药-let tiny; small droplet: a tiny drop 小滴-ment the result or product of an action development: thing which develops or is beingdeveloped; action of becoming mature-oid resembling; like像mucoid: resembling mucus 粘液样的-ole little; small centriole: the small dense structure in the middleof the centrosome细胞中心粒;中心体-oma tumor; swelling refers to a doer dermatofibroma: fibrous tumor of the skin皮肤纤维瘤-or/-er either a person or thing receptor: a sensory nerve ending that responds tovarious stimuli 感受器,受体-ory characterized by; pertaining to suspensory: which is hanging down悬吊式,悬带-ose sugar fructose: fruits sugar found in honey and somefruit 果糖-osis abnormal condition onychocryptosis: abnormal condition of a hiddennail 嵌甲-ous pertaining to poisonous: pertaining to poison; also containingpoison 有毒的,分泌毒素的-somes bodies ribosome: the body of nucleic acid 核糖体-um structure; thing; substance 结构,物质 magnesium: a white metallic chemical substance镁(金属元素)-y condition; act; process dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutritionor metabolism 营养不良The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixesSuffix Meaning Example-algia pain; painful; condition arthralgia: pain in a joint 关节痛--ase enzyme protease: digestive enzyme 蛋白酶-blast embryo 胚,胚胎,人类胚胎 hemocytoblast: blast cell 血胚细胞,原始血细胞 -carcinoma malignant tumor developing from connective tissue 相关组织的恶性肿瘤adenocarcinoma: malignant tumor developingfrom glandular tissue 腺癌-cele protrusion; distention 突出;膨胀,延伸 esophagocele: abnormal distention of theesophagus 食管突出-centesis surgical puncture 手术穿孔 paracentesis: surgical puncture of a cavity for theaspiration of fluid 穿刺术-capnia carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 acapnia: absence of carbon dioxide 血液二氧化碳缺乏-cide kill germicide: (substance) which can kill germs杀菌剂-clast cell phagocyte:cell, especially a white blood cell,which can surround and destroy other cells 噬菌细胞-dynia pain glossodynia: pain in the tongue 舌痛-ectasia/ -ectasis expansion; dilation(膨胀,扩张) atelectasis: incomplete expansion of the lungs at birth 肺不张-ectomy surgical excision or removal of gastrectomy: surgical removal of the stomach 胃切除术-edema excessive accumulation of serous m yxoedema: condition caused when the thyroidfluid 水肿 gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone 粘液腺瘤病,粘液水肿 -emiablood condition leukemia: any of several malignant diseases where an abnormal number of leucocytes form in the blood 白血病 -emesisvomiting 呕吐 hematemesis: the vomiting of blood 咯血;吐血 -gensomething that produced or prouduces pathogen: a microorganism or agent capable of producing disease 病菌,病原体 -genesisproduction 生产 spermatogenesis: formation and development of spermatozoa in the testes 精子发生 -globinprotein 蛋白质 hemoglobin: an iron-containing protein produced by erythrocytes 血红素 -gnosisknowledge diagnosis: the process of identifying the nature or presence of a disease through knowledge and examination -gramimage; picture electrocardiogram: a graphic record of the electrical activity of heart muscle or heartbeat used in the diagnosis of heart disease. Abbr. ECG and EKG . Syn. cardiogram 心电图 -graph(y)process of recording 记录过程 electocardiography: the process of making or recording electrocardiograms. Syn. cardiography 心电图记录 -iasiscondition; state 情况,状况 cholelithiasis: the formation of gallstones 胆石症 -iatry/-iatricshealing, frequently refers to a branch of medicine 康复,常指医学的一个分支 podiatry: treatment of foot disorders 足部医疗 -lithstone cholelith: a gallstone; a stone formed in the gallbladder 胆结石 -logythe study of cytology: the science study of cells 细胞学 -logistone who studies and treats urologist: a physician who specializes in the practice of urology 泌尿科医生 -lysisbreakdown, destruction hemolysis: the destruction or breakdown of red blood cells with release of hemoglobin 溶血 -malaciasoftening osteomalacia: softening of bone 骨软化 -maniaextreme compulsion or preoccupation 强迫症 kleptomania: a morbid, uncontrollable compulsion to steal 盗窃癖 -megalygiant acromegaly: a condition in which there is an enlargement of the facial bones as well as those of the lungs 肢端肥大症 -metry/-meter measurement spirometry: measurement of the volume of air inhaled and exhaled or the air capacity of thelungs 肺(活)量测定(法),呼吸量测定(法)-odyniapain cardiodynia: pain in the heart region 心痛,胸痛 -one hormone 荷尔蒙,激素parathormone: which regulates calcium balanceamong the blood, bones, and teeth 甲状旁腺激素-opia a defect in the eye 眼睛的毛病 myopia: being short-sighted 近视-opsy to view biopsy: excision of live tissue for microscopicdiagnosis 活检-osis morbid condition 病态的 sclerosis: abnormal hardening 硬化症-osmia smell anosmia: loss of the sense of smell 嗅觉丧失-ostomy process of making an opening into or a connection between 造瘘 gastrostomy: surgical construction of an openingfrom the surface of the abdomen into the stomach胃造口术-oxia level of oxygen 氧水平 hypoxia: a low oxygen level or a lack of oxygen inbody tissues 组织缺氧-pathy disease; diseased condition ophthalmopathy: any eye disease 眼病-penia deficiency leukopenia: deficiency of leukocytes in the blood.Syn. leukocytopenia 白细胞减少症-pepsia digestion eupepsia: good digestion 消化良好--pexy a fixing or setting firmly in place by suturing 缝合固定 hepatopexy: surgical fixation of a displace liver 肝固定术-phagia/phag yeating; swallowing 吃,吞咽 dysphagia: difficulty in swallowing 吞咽困难 -phil attraction 吸引,具有吸引力的事物 basophil: type of leucocyte or white blood cellwhich contains granules 嗜碱性粒细胞-phobia fear xenophobia: irrational fear of strangers 对外国人的恐惧,憎恶-plasia formation; development hyperplasia: overdevelopment or enlargement ofan organ or tissue 增生,数量型肥大-phonia voice dysphonia: difficulty in speaking 发声困难 -plasm formation; growth or substance of formationcytoplasm: jelly substance in the cell 细胞浆-plasty surgical repair osteoplasty: surgical repair of the bone 骨整形术,骨成形术--plegia stroke; paralysis 中风 thermoplegia: heat or sunsrtoke 热射病-pnea breathing eupnea: normal breathing 呼吸正常,平静呼吸 --ptosis a falling, the dropping or sagging of an organ 器官下移 hepatoptosis: abnormally low position of the liver肝下垂-ptysis spitting 分散 melanoptysis: spitting of the spleen 黑色痰液;咳黑痰-poiesis production hemopoiesis: production of blood cells 造血作用,生血作用-rrhage/ -rrhagia bursting forth of blood 出血 menorrhagia: very heavy bleeding during menstruation 月经过多-rrhaphy surgical sewing or suturing splenorrhaphy: suture of the spleen 脾修补术 -rrhea overflow hydrorrhea: watery discharge 液溢-(o)rrhexis splitting or rupture 撕裂,破裂,疝气 amniorrhexis: rupture of the amniotic ac羊膜破裂-sarcoma malignant tumor developing from connective tissue liposarcoma: malignant tumor containing fat脂肪肉瘤-schesis a holding back; suppression of discharge 阻碍;抑制排放uroschesis: suppression of urine 闭尿,尿潴留-sclerosis a hardening dermatosclerosis: hardening of the skin 硬皮病 -scope instrument for viewing stethoscope: an instrument for performingmedicate ausculation 听诊器-scopy process of examining visually hepatoscopy: examination of the liver 肝检查 -spasm involuntary contraction angiospasm: sudden contraction of the muscles ina blood vessel 血管痉挛-stasis suppression; stoppage; control; arrest 抑制,中止 hemostasis: the arrest of bleeding止血,止血法-stenosis abnormal narrowing of a duct or canal 管、道德异常狭窄 laryngostenosis: abnormal narrowing of the larynx喉狭窄-stomy surgical opening to the outside of the body 造口 colostomy: surgical operation to make an openingfrom the colon 结肠造口术-tention pressure hypertention: high blood pressure 高血压-therapy treatment physiotherapy: treatment of disease by physicalmeans 物理疗法--tion process hospitalization: the process of being hosipitalized住院-tocia labor; birth 生产 embryotocia: abortion 流产-tome tool for incision arthrotome: instrument for cutting a joint 关节刀 -tomy process of cutting into gastrotomy: incision of the stomach 胃切开术 -tropia turning 转弯,变向 esotropia: turning inward of the eye 内斜视-trophy nourishment or development of an organ 器官的营养、发育 dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutritionor metabolism 营养不良-uria a condition of the urine (小便) dysuria: difficultly in passing urine 排尿困难 -version turning eversion: a turning outward 外翻,翻转 Here is a table of the most commonly used prefixesPrefix Meaning Examplea-/an- without; not aphasia: the inability to understand written orspoken words or to speak meaningfully 失语症ab- away from abortion: expulsion from the uterus 流产 ad- to; toward; near adnasal: near the nose 近鼻的acro- a point or tip acronyx: growing into the flesh 嵌甲alb- white albino: a person lacking normal pigmentation 白发病者amb-/ ambi- both ambisexual 、bisexual: (person) who is sexually attracted to both males and famales 双性恋amphi-/ ampho- both; both sides amphicentric: beginning and ending in the same vessel 起止同源的血管ana- up; back again anabolism: process of building up complexchemical substances on the basis of simpler ones合成代谢Angio- a blood vessel angioma: benign tumor formed of blood vessel血管瘤ante- before antenatal: during the period between conceptionand childbirth 出生前的,怀孕期的anti- against antidepressant: (drug) used to treat depression抗抑郁剂audi- hearing; sound audiometry: science of testing hearing听力测定auto- self autoantibody: antibody formed to attack thebody’s own cells自身抗体bi- two; twice bicellular: two cells两室的bio- living organisms生命体biochemistry: chemistry living tissues生物化学brady- slow bradycardia: slow rate of heart contraction, shownby a slow pulse rate心动过缓carcin- carcinoma or cancer癌;瘤carcinogen: a cancer-causing substance致癌物cata- downwards; under; against;along with cataract: condition where the lens of the eye gradually becomes hard and opaque白内障centi- one hundredth百分之一centimeter: unit of measurement of length(=onehundredth of a meter)厘米co(n)- with or together consanguineous: blood relationship血亲的,血缘的,密切的contra- against contraception: prevention of pregnancy by usingdevices or drugs 避孕法,节育法de- removal or loss decaffeinated: (coffee) with the caffeine removed脱去咖啡因的deca- ten decagram: ten grams 十克deci- tenth deciliter: unit of measurement of liquid(=one tenthof a little)1/10公升di- two diglossia: a double tongue使用两种语言dia- through; between; apart; across diathermy: process of (treating) through heat透热疗法dis- reversal or separate disintegrate: to come to pieces分解,破裂dys- bad; difficult; disordered dysarthrosis: deformity or malformation of a joint关节变形echo- sound echocardiography: ultrasonography of the heart心回波描记,超声心动描记术ect-/ ecto- outside or outer ecchondroma: benign tumor on the surface ofcartilage or bone外生软骨瘤en- in; within enostosis: benign growth inside a bone内生骨疣endo- inside endocardium: membrane which lines the heart心内膜epi- on; over epidermis: outer layer of skin表皮ery- red erythrocyte: mature non-nucleated red blood cell红细胞eso- inward; within(向内) esotropia: turning inward of the eye内斜视eu- good eugenics: study of how to improve the human raceby genetic selection优生学ex-/ exo- out of exhale: to breath out 呼出extra- outside extracapsular: outside a capsule囊外的hemi- half hemiplegia: severe paralysis affecting one side ofthe body 偏瘫,半身麻痹,半身不遂hydro- water hydrocele: collection of watery liquid found in acavity such as the scrotum阴囊积水hyper- higher or too much hyperglycaemia: excess of glucose in the blood高血糖症hypo- less or too little hypokalaemia: deficiency of potassium in theblood 低血钾in- in or into inbreeding: breeding between a closely relatedmale and female 近亲交配in- not incoherent: not able to speak in a way whichmakes sense语无伦次infra- below or beneath infrapatellar: below or beneath the patella髌inter- between interlobular: between lobules小叶间的intra- inside intramedullary: inside the bone marrow or spinalcord 髓内itro- into introvert: person who thinks only about himselfand his own mental state性格内向的人mal- bad or abnormal malfunction: abnormal working of an argan机器等运转失常;失灵;出现故障meta- changes metaplasia: change of one tissue to another化生,转化,组织变形micro- very small microcyte: abnormally small red blood cell小红细胞mid- middle midcarpal: between the two rows of carpal bones腕骨间的milli- one thousandth milligram: unit of measurement of weight 毫克mis- error or wrong miscarriage: spontaneous abortion流产multi- many multigravida: a woman who is pregnant and hasbeen pregnant at least twice before 经产孕妇noct- at night nocturia: passing abnormally large quantity ofurine when asleep in bed at night夜尿症nona- nine or the nineth nonagon: flat shape which has nine sides九边形octa- eight octan: every eight days八日热;每隔八日发一次的odont- teeth odontology: study of teeth and associatedstructures, and their disordersonco-tumours oncology: scientific study of new gowths 肿瘤学 oro-mouth orolingual: pertaining to the mouth and tongue 口与舌的 pachy-thickening pachysomia: condition where soft tissues of the body become abnormally thick 躯体肥厚 pali-/palin-against; pathologic repetition 病态的重复 palindromic: (disease) which recurs 复发的,再发的 pan-/pant-/panto-all pancytopenia: abnormal depression of all the cellular elements of the blodd 全血细胞减少症 para-similar to or near; changed or beyond paralyse or paralyze: to weaken (muscles) so that they cannot function 使麻痹,使瘫痪 pen-/penta-five pentosuria: excretion of pentoses in the urine 戊糖尿 per-through percutaneous: done or administered through the skin 经皮的,由皮的 peri-around pericystitis: inflammation of tissue around the bladder 膀胱周炎 pero-deformed or defective 畸形有缺陷的 peromelia: congenital deformity of the limbs 四肢不全 pharmaco-drugs pharmacology: study of drugs or medicines, and their action, properties and characteristics 药理学,药物学 pleo-/pleio-too many pleokaryocyte: condition where a greater than normal number of cells in cerebrospinal fluid 多核细胞 pluri-more pluriglandular: pertaining to or affecting several glands 多线性的 pneum-/pneunmo-air or the lungs; breathing pneumonia: inflammation of a lung 肺炎 poly-touching many organs polyphagia: condition where a patient eats too much; morbid desire for every king of food 多食症,杂食症 post-after or later postprandial: after a meal 餐后的 pre-before of in front of premature: early or before the normal time 过早的,早产 presby-old age presbyopia: an old person’s sight fails gradually 老花眼 pro-/supin-/pron-before or in front of lying on the back bend forward prognosis: prediction of the outcome of a disease 预测;预后 quadri-/quint-four five/fifth quadruplet or quad: one of four babies born to a mother at the same time 四胞胎 radio- ray or radiation radiotherapy: treating a disease by exposing theaffected part to radioactive 放射疗法semi- half semiptosis: the downward sagging of half or partof an organ 轻度睑下垂sub- under submucous: under the mucous membrane粘膜下层的;粘膜下的super- above; extremely superalbuminosis: abnormal increase of albumin白蛋白过多syn- with; joint syndesmosis: joint where the ones are tightlylinked by ligaments 韧带联合supra- above; over suprarenal: (situated) above a kidney 肾上腺tachy- fast tachycardia: rapid beating of the heart 心动过速tetra- four tetracycline: antibiotic used to treat a wide rangeof bacterial diseases 四环素trans- across; through; beyond transmission: the transfer, as of a disease, fromone person to another 传染tri- three tricephalus: a fetus with three heads 三头畸胎ultra- beyond; excess ultrasonics: the science dealing with ultrasonicsound waves 超声波学uni- one uniglandular: affecting only one gland 单腺的xen(o)- strange; foreign xenograft: a graft of tissue transplant betweenanimals of different species 异种移植物。
bronchus n.[医]支气管-us为名词后缀其复数为把-us变为-I bronchus—bronchicoccus—coccibroncho-【bronchus】bronchoconstriction n.支气管收缩,支气管狭窄bronchogenic adj.支气管原的,产生于支气管的bronchography n支气管造影bronchopneumonia n.[医]支气管肺炎bronchopulmonary adj.[解]支气管肺的bronchorrhagia [医]支气管出血bronchoscope n.[医]气管镜bronchoscopy n.[医]支气管镜检(查) bronchospasm [医]支气管痉挛bronchus n.[医]支气管bronchitis n.[医]支气管炎bronchiole n.[解]细支气管bronchiole细支气管-iole细小arteriole n.细动脉bronchiole n.[解]细支气管foliole n.[植]小叶tonsillitistonsillo-【tonsil扁桃腺】tonsillar扁桃体[腺]的tonsillectomy n.[医]扁桃腺切除术tonsillocentesis扁桃体穿刺术tonsillotomy.[医]扁桃体切开术,扁桃体部分切除术tonsillitisn.[医]扁桃腺炎tonsillectome n.扁桃体切除器-itis炎症alveolitis n.齿槽炎aortitis n.[医]主动脉炎arthritis n.关节炎cephalitis n.[医]脑炎appendicitis n.阑尾炎, 盲肠炎cervicitis n.子宫颈炎colitis n.[医]结肠炎colpitis n.[医]阴道炎cystitis n.[医]膀胱炎dermatitis n.[医] 皮炎microscope n.显微镜micro-表示“极微小, 仪器或工具用以扩大者”之义micro-wave n.微波microbe n.微生物, 细菌microbiology n.微生物学microbody n.[生]微体(细胞)microcephaly n.[医]头小畸型micrococcus n.[微生物]微球菌, 球状细菌microelement n.[化]微量元素micrometer n.微米,百万分之一米(长度单位,符号为μm) micronn.微米micropore n.微孔microscope n.显微镜microsurgery n.〈医〉显微外科cytoplasm ]细胞质cyto-细胞cytobiology细胞生物学cytochemistry n.细胞化学,显微生物化学cytochondria (=cytochondriome)线粒体cytohistology细胞组织学cytopathology细胞病理学cytoplasm n.[生]细胞质cytopoiesis细胞生成cytotoxin n.[生]细胞毒素cytotropic adj.[生]细胞互向性的,向细胞的,亲细胞的cytozoic细胞(内)寄生的-plasm浆,血浆,质bioplasm n.原生质cytoplasm n.[生]细胞质protoplasm n.[生]原生质exoplasm n.外胞浆, 外质nucleoplasm n.核原形质, 核浆karyoplasms n.核质somatoplasm n.体细胞原生质, 体细胞浆proto-表示“第一, 主要, 原”protobiology原生生物学protocalcium原钙,初钙protokaryon 原核protomitosis 原有丝分裂protovirus原始病毒protozoa 原生动物,原虫semiliquid n.半流体semi-semi-permeable adj.半渗透的semiclosure n.半关闭,部分关闭semiconductor n.[物] 半导体semiconscious adj.半意识的semidigested adj.半消化的semifluidn.半流质adj.半流质的semihyaline adj.半透明的semilucent半透明的semitransparent adj.半透明的semilunar adj.半月形的semilunar cartilage半月软骨semilunar valve n.[解]半月瓣semilunar ganglion半月神经节semiparalysis n.[医]半瘫痪chromosome 染色体chromo-表示“颜色”之义chromocyte色素细胞chromomere n.[生物]染色粒, 染色体小粒chromometer 比色计chromomycin 色霉素chromosome n.[生物]染色体-some表示“体”, “染色体”autosome n.正染色体, 常染色体centrosome n.[生物](细胞的)中心体chondriosome n.[生]线粒体chromosome n.[生物]染色体endosome n.内涵体euchromosome n.常染色体heterochromosome n.[医]异染色体isochromosome n.[生](细胞)等臂染色体karyosome n.[生物] 染色质核仁, 核粒liposome n.[生]脂质体lysosome n.[生](细胞中的)溶酶体melanosome n.[生]黑(色)素体mesosome n.[微](中)间体microsome n.[生]微粒体nucleosome n.[生化]核小体oxysome n.(细胞中的)氧化粒phagosome n.[生]吞噬小体吞噬体ribosome n.[生化]核糖体sarcosome n.[生]肌粒(肌细胞线粒体) schistosome n.[动] 血吸虫, 裂体吸虫synaptosome n.[生]突触体mitosis有丝分裂mito-mitochondrion n.[生]线粒体mitogen n.[生]有丝分裂原,促细胞分裂剂,分裂素mitogenesis n.有丝分裂发生mitomalcin丝裂马菌素mitomycin丝裂霉素(一种抗肿瘤抗生素) mitoplast 丝状体mitoribosome 线粒体核蛋白体mitosis n.有丝分裂mitotic adj.有丝分裂的, 间接核分裂的-osisabiosis n.无生命acidosisactinomycosis n.放射菌病alkalosis n.[病理]碱毒症amitosis n.无丝分裂, 直接核分裂amyloidosis n.淀粉样变性病anchylosis n.(=ankylosis)[医]关节僵硬anhidrosis n.[医]汗缺乏, 缺汗症baragnosis n.[医]重觉丧失brucellosis n.普鲁氏菌病calcinosis n.[医](普遍性) 钙质沉着carcinomatosis n.[医]癌扩散cirrhosis n.[医]硬化cyanosiscystinosisn [医]胱氨酸病(一种先天性代谢疾患,其特点为胱氨酸尿以及胱氨酸晶体沉积于机体器官内)dermatophytosis n.(=athlete's foot)[医]脚气, 脚癣diagnosis n.诊断diarthrosis n.[医]动关节diverticulosis n.[医](肠)憩室病ecchymosis 瘀癍enarthrosis n.[解]杵臼关节fibrinosis n.[医]纤维素过多症, 血内纤维蛋白过多症fluorosis n.氟中毒granulomatosis n.[医]肉芽肿病reticulocytosis n.[医] 网状细胞(旧名网织红血球)过多症teratosis怪胎,畸形thrombosis n.血栓症tuberculosis n.肺结核toxicosis n.[医]中毒Lesson sevendioxide二氧化物di-dichlorobutane 二氯丁烷diphosphate n.[化]二磷酸dirhinus (=dirhynus)双鼻(畸形)dioxiden 二氧化物-oxiden.[化]氧化物arsenic trioxide n.[化]砒霜, 三氧化二砷diazoxide n.[药]氯甲苯噻嗪,二氮嗪,降压嗪dioxide n.二氧化物hydroxide n.氢氧化物,羟化物monoxide n.一氧化物pentoxide n.[化]五氧化物peroxide n.[化]过氧化物skeletal .骨骼的, 骸骨的skeleto-skeletogenous adj.成骨骼的,长骨骼的skeleton n.(动物之)骨架, 骨骼skeletonless adj.无骨骼的,无骨架的skeletogeny 骨胳形成[发生]muscular 肌(肉)的musculo-肌(肉)muscularity 发达的肌肉, 强壮musculature n.肌肉组织musculin 肌(球)蛋白musculoskeletal adj.[解]肌(与)骨骼的musculus flexor屈肌Lesson eightthermometer 温度计,体温计thermo-表示“热、热电”之义thermocautery n.[医]热烙术thermochemical 热化学的thermocoagulation n.[医]热凝固术thermodynamic adj.热力学的, 使用热动力的thermolysis [化]热(分)解(作用) thermometer n.温度计, 体温计-meteracidimeter n.酸比重计alcoholometer n.酒精表, 酒精比重计barometer n.气压计cardiometer n.[医]心力测量器,心力计cephalometer n.头部测量器fluorometer n.荧光计oscillometer 示波计[医]动脉搏动描记器manometer n.压力计sphygmomanometer血压计, 血压测量计sphygmo-sphygmocardiograph心动脉搏描记器sphygmogram n.[医]脉搏描记,脉搏曲线sphygmology脉学, 脉搏学sphygmomanometer n.血压计, 血压测量计sphygmometer n.[医]脉搏计血压计sphygmosystole 收缩期脉搏曲线sphygmotonograph血压脉搏描记器sphygmus n.脉搏hypertensionhyper-表示“超级, 超过, 超越,在...之上,高于,过度”之义hyperacid adj.酸过多的, 胃酸过多的hyperactive adj.活动过度的, 极度活跃的,活动亢进的hyperadenosis n.[医]腺增大hyperalgesia n.[医]肾上腺机能亢进hyperadrenalism 痛觉过敏hyperalimentation n.( 尤指对无法通过消化道摄取食物的病人所进行的)静脉输入营养液hypercapnia n.[医]血碳酸过多症hyperchloremia血氯过多, 高氯血hypercholesterolemia n.[医]血胆脂醇过多hypercythemia n.[医]红细胞过多症hyperdontia牙过多hyperfunction n.[医]机能亢进, 官能过度hyperglycemia n.多糖症, 高血糖症hyperirritability n.应激性过度,高度过敏hyperkinesis n.[医]运动机能亢奋, 运动过度, 痉挛hypermetrope n.[医]远视者hypermyotonia肌张力过度hypernatremia [医]血钠过多, 高钠血hyperplasia n.[医]增生, 数量性肥大hyperreflexia [医]反射亢进hypersensitivity n.超敏性hypertension n.高血压, 过度紧张hyperthyroidism n.甲状腺机能亢进hypertrophy n.[医]肥大,过度生长, 过度增大hypo-表示“在...之下,亚,次,次于,不足,从属于”之义hypoacidity n.酸减低, 酸hypoalimentation n.[医]营养不良, 滋养不足,进食不足hypoallergenic adj.[医]低变应原的hypoandrogenism雄激素缺乏hypoazoturia n.[医]尿氮过低, 低氮尿hypocalcemia n.[医]血钙过少,低血钙症hypocapnia (血内)碳酸过少, 低碳酸血(症) hypoglossal n.[解]舌下神经adj.舌下的, 舌下神经的hypokalemia (=hypokaliemia)血钾过少, 低钾血hypolipaemia血脂过少, 低脂血hypomastia n. 乳腺过小hypophysis n.脑下垂体hypoplasia n.[医](器官,组织等)发育不全, [生]细胞减生hypopnea n.[医]呼吸不足,呼吸浅慢hyporeflexia [医]反射减退hyposensitivity n.[医]弱敏, 敏感度减弱hypotension n.血压过低hypothalamus n.[解剖]视丘下部hypothermia n.降低体温-tensionhypertension n.高血压, 过度紧张hypostension 低血压,低血压症状hypotensionn. 血压过低detension n.轻松,松驰intension n.紧张surface tension n.表面张力vapor tensionn.蒸气压, 气压nasogastric adj.[医]鼻饲的naso-鼻子nasopharynx. 鼻咽nasofrontal adj.鼻额的, 鼻额骨的nasogastric adj.[医]鼻饲的nasology n.鼻学nasopalatine canal鼻腭管nasopharyngitis n.[解]鼻咽炎nasoscope n.[医]鼻镜, 电光鼻镜gastro-表示“胃”之义gastroanastomosis胃吻合术gastroenteritis n.[医]肠胃炎gastroduodenal adj.[解]胃与十二指肠的gastroduodenostomy n.[医]胃与十二指肠吻合术gastroenterology n[医]肠胃病学gastrogavage 胃管饲法gastrointestinal adj.[解]胃与肠的gastrologist n.烹饪学者, 胃病学家, 美食家gastroscope【医】胃(窥)镜gastrostomy n.[医]胃造口术endocrine n.内分泌endo- 表示“内部”之义endoangiitis n.[医]血管内膜炎endoarteritis n.[医]动脉内膜炎endocarditis n.[医]心内膜炎endocardium n.[解剖]心内膜endocranium n.[医]硬脑膜,颅内骨膜endocrine n.内分泌endocrinology n.内分泌学endoderm 内胚叶, 内皮层endometritis n.[医]子宫内膜炎endomyocarditis n.[医]心肌膜炎endoscope n.[医]内诊镜,内窥镜,内腔镜-crineapocrine adj.[医]顶(浆分)泌的,泌离的eccrine adj.[生理]分泌腺的,外分泌腺的endocrine n.内分泌exocrine adj.[医]外分泌的heterocrine adj.(腺)多种分泌的holocrine adj.[生理]全泌的, 全浆分泌的hyperthyroidism 甲状腺机能亢进thyroido- thyro-thyroidectomy n.[解]甲状腺切除术thyroiditis n.甲状腺炎thyroidomania甲状腺(机能亢进)性精神病thyroiodine 甲状腺素thyronine 甲腺原氨酸thyropathy 甲状腺病thyroprotein 甲状腺蛋白, 甲状腺球蛋白thyrotoxicosis n.[医]甲状腺毒症, 甲状腺功能亢进thyrotropic adj.[生理]促甲状腺的,调节甲状腺活动的thyrotropin n.[生化]促甲状腺素, 甲状腺刺激激素thyroxin n.[生化]甲状腺素, 甲状腺氨酸antithyroid adj.& n.抗甲腺的(药剂)euthyroid adj.[医]甲状腺机能正常的hyperparathyroidism n.[医]甲状旁腺功能亢进hyperthyroidism n.甲状腺机能亢进hypothyroidism n.[医]甲状腺机能减退tetraiodothyronine n.[生化]甲状腺素, 甲状腺氨酸,四碘甲状腺原氨酸-ismcatabolism n.[生物]异化作用, 分解代谢hyperthyroidism n.甲状腺机能亢进lymphatism n.[医]淋巴体质, 淋巴器毒血症macrodontism n.[医]巨牙metabolism n.新陈代谢, 变形acromegaly n.肢端肥大症acro- or acr- pref.顶部;顶峰.向顶的,高度.起首;开头.肢端肢体的端部.acrobat n.(走钢丝的)杂技演员acroblast 原顶体acrobrachy 肢端过短(症)acrobystia 包皮acrobystiolith包皮结石acrobystitis包皮炎acrocephalia n.(=acrocephaly)尖头的, 尖头畸型的acrocontracture (四)肢挛缩acrocyanosis n.[医]手足发绀acrodermatitis 肢皮炎acrodolichomelia 手足过长acrodynia n.[医]肢端痛acroerythema 肢端红斑acrokeratosis 肢端角化症acromania 重躁狂, 顽固性精神病acromegaly n.肢端肥大症acrometagenesis 四肢发育过度acroneurosis 肢体神经[机能]病,肢体神经官能症acronym n.只取首字母的缩写词acropathy n.[医]四肢病acrophobia n.[医]恐高症-megalyacromegaly n.肢端肥大症cardiomegaly n.[医]心脏扩大症chiromegaly n.[医]巨手畸形hepatomegaly n.[医]肝肿大splenomegaly n.[医]脾(肿)大(亦作splenomegalia)cardiopulmonary n.心肺的cardio-表示“心脏”之义cardioactive adj.(药物等)作用于心脏的cardiocentesis 心脏穿刺术cardiodynia n.[医]心痛, 胸痛cardiogenic adj.[医]心脏性的, 心原性的cardiogram n.心电图cardiology n.[医]心(脏)病学cardiomegaly n.[医]心脏扩大症cardiomyopathy n.[医](尤指原发性的)心肌症cardiorespiratory adj.[医]心和肺的cardiotoxic adj.[医]心脏中毒的cardiovascular adj.心脏血管的cardioversion n.[医]心律转变法,复律法carditis n.心脏炎bradycardia n.[医]心搏徐缓dextrocardia n.(=dexiocardia)[医]右位心pulmono-pulmonary adj.肺部的pulmonate adj.有肺的n.有肺的动物pulmonic adj.肺的, 有肺的, 由肺进行地pulmonis [解]肺尖pulmonitis 肺炎myocardial [解]心肌的myo-myoblastoma成肌细胞瘤myobradia肌反应迟钝myocardium n.[解]心肌( 层) myocellulitis肌蜂窝织炎myoclonia n.[医]肌阵挛(症)myocyte n.[生]肌细胞myodynamics肌动力学(肌肉活动的生理学) myodysplasia 肌发育异常myodystrophy肌营养不良Lesson Tentuberculosis n.结核病tuberculo-表示“结核病,结核性”之义tubercle bacillus n.[医]结核菌tubercular adj.有小突起的, 结节的, 结核的tuberculation n.结节之形成, 结核之形成tuberculin n.结核菌素tuberculoid adj.[解]类似结节的,[医]结核样的tuberculoma n.[医](尤指脑内的)结核瘤tuberculopneumoconiosis 尘肺结核tuberculoprotein 结核菌蛋白tuberculosis n.肺结核tuberculous adj.有结的, 结节状的, 患有结核病的tuberculotoxin 结核菌毒素bronchiectasis n.支气管扩张症-ectasisatelectasis n.[医](出生时肺的)肺膨胀不全bronchiectasis支气管扩张ptyalectasis n.[医]涎管扩张sialectasis n.[医]涎管扩张telangiectasis n.[医]毛细管扩张dyspnea 呼吸困难dys-表示“困难的,有病的”之义dysostosis骨发育障碍, 骨发育不全dysparathyroidism.甲状旁腺机能障碍dyspepsia n.[医]消化不良, 胃弱dysphagia n.[医]吞咽困难,咽下困难dysphasia n.[医]言语障碍症dyspnea n.呼吸困难dyspraxia 运动困难, 运用障碍-pneaapnea n.无呼吸, 呼吸暂停dyspnea n.呼吸困难eupnea n.[医]呼吸正常, 平静呼吸hyperpnea呼吸过度, 喘息hypopnea n.[医]呼吸不足,呼吸浅慢polypnea n.呼吸急促,气促Lesson Elevenatherosclerosis动脉粥样硬化atheroma n.动脉粥样化, 粉瘤atheromasia动脉粥样变性atherosclerosis n.[医]动脉硬化症atheromatosis n.[医]动脉粥样化症-sclerosissclerosis n.[医]硬化症, 硬化, 硬结amyotrophic lateral sclerosis[医]肌萎缩性(脊髓) 侧索硬化arteriosclerosis n.动脉硬化atherosclerosis n.[医]动脉硬化症cardiosclerosis n.[医]心硬化cerebrosclerosis n.[医]脑硬化multiple sclerosis n. 〈医〉多发性硬化myelosclerosis n.[医]脊髓硬化骨髓硬化osteosclerosis n.[医]骨硬化otosclerosis n.[医]耳硬化症phlebosclerosis n.[医]慢性静脉炎,静脉硬化tympanosclerosis n.[医]鼓膜硬化cholesterol 胆固醇chole- [前缀]表示“胆, 胆汁”之义cholecalciferol〈生化〉胆钙化甾醇,维生素D3cholecyst n.胆囊cholecystalgia 胆囊痛, 胆绞痛cholecystectomy n.[医]胆囊切除术cholecystitis n.[医]胆囊炎cholecystography n.[医]胆囊照相术cholecystokinin n.[生化]缩胆囊素,缩胆囊肽, 肠促胰酶肽choledochitis [医]胆总管炎cholelith n.胆石cholesterol n.胆固醇cholestyramine n.[药]消胆胺(一种阴离子交换树脂,用于治疗胆汁郁滞性瘙痒症)choleuria [医]胆尿症, 胆汁尿-sterol 固醇,甾酮cholesterol n.胆固醇coprosterol n.人粪醇, 粪脂醇dihydrotachysterol n.[化]二氢速留醇ergosterol n.[生化]麦角固醇lumisterol n.[生化]光甾醇tachysterol n.[生化]速甾醇viosterol n.固醇生素zymosterol n.[生化]酵母甾醇(一种结晶性不饱和固醇) nitroglycerin硝基甘油,硝酸甘油nitro-表示“硝基, 硝石”之义nitroamine 硝胺nitrobenzene n.[化]硝基苯nitrocellulose n.[化]硝化纤维nitrochloroform n.[化] 三氯硝基甲烷nitrogen n.[化]氮nitroglycerin n.[化]硝化甘油nitroguanidine n.[化] 硝基胍nitromannitol n.[化] 硝酸甘露醇酯nitromethane n.[化] 硝基甲烷glycerin 甘油, 丙三醇nitroglycerin n.[化]硝化甘油, 炸药trinitroglycerin n.[化]三硝基甘油Lesson Twelveduodenal十二指肠的duodeno-十二指肠duodenitis n.十二指肠炎duodenotomy 十二指肠切开术duodenum n.十二指肠gastroduodenostomy n.[医]胃与十二指肠吻合术gastroduodenal adj.[解]胃与十二指肠的parasitogenic寄生物所致的,寄生物源的parasito-parasitogenic寄生物原的寄生(物)引起的parasitologist寄生虫病,寄生物学家parasitology n.寄生虫学parasitosis n.[医]寄生物病, 寄生虫病parasitotrope (=parasitotropic)亲寄生虫的-genicacidogenic adj.引起酸化的aerogenic adj.产气的(细菌因新陈代谢产生的气体)的allergenic adj.[医]引起过敏症的biogenic adj.源于生物的, 生物所造成的cardiogenic adj.[医]心脏性的, 心原性的cryptogenic a[医]隐发性的, 病源不明的cytopathogenic adj.[医] 致细胞病变的diabetogenic adj.[医]致糖尿病的embryogenic adj.[生]胚胎发生(形成)的endogenic adj.[地]内成的,内生的,内营力的enteropathogenic adj.致肠病的pathogenic adj.致病的, 病原的, 发病的psychogenic adj.心理性的, 精神性的pyogenic adj.[医]生脓的,化脓的brocellosisbrucella n.[微]布鲁氏菌brucellergen n.[生化]布鲁氏菌抗原(用于皮肤试验, 检查布鲁氏菌感染)brucellosis n.普鲁氏菌病toxic.有毒的,有毒性的,中毒的toxico-toxicoderma中毒性皮病toxicogenic 产生有毒物质的, 有毒物形成的toxicology n.毒物学toxicosis n.[医]中毒toxigenic adj.产生毒素的toxinemia毒血症toxiphobia n.[心]毒物恐怖hepatotropic.亲肝的-tropicadrenocorticotropic adj.[生化]促肾上腺皮质的cytotropic adj.[生]细胞互向性的,向细胞的,亲细胞的lipotropic adj.抗脂肪肝的myotropic adj.[医]影响肌肉的侵袭肌肉的organotropic adj.[生理]亲器官的thermotropic adj.[生]向热的,向温的thyrotropic adj.[生理]促甲状腺的,调节甲状腺活动的hydrotropic adj.[生]向水性的, 向湿性的hypermetropic adj.[医]远视的chloroform氯仿,三氯甲烷chloro-表示“绿”, “氯”chloroamide 氯酰胺chlorocresol 氯化甲酚chloroform n.氯仿 vt.用氯仿麻醉chloropromazine n.[药]氯丙嗪, 冬眠硫磷chlorpromazin氯丙嗪,冬眠灵trinitrotoluenen. 三硝基甲苯tri- 表示“三”之义表示“三倍、三次”之义trinitrate 三硝酸酯[盐]trinuclear三环的三核的triacetamide 三乙酰胺triad n.三合体,三价元素triage [医]治疗类选法(根据紧迫性和救活的可能性等在战场上决定那些人优先治疗的方法)triamine (某)三胺tribromide n.[化]三溴化合物collagenosis.胶原性疾病collagen n.胶原质collagenase n.[生化]胶原酶collagenolytic adj.[生化]溶胶原的collagenous adj.成胶的, 产生成胶的dystrophy营养障碍,营养不良-trophyabiotrophy n.[医]营养性衰竭,生活力缺失atrophy n.[医]萎缩, 萎缩症hypertrophy n.[医]肥大,过度生长, 过度增大autotrophy n.[生]自养(作用)cytotrophy n.[生]细胞互向性,向细胞性,亲细胞性eutrophy n.营养正常, 由于矿物质的增加而适合动植物生长leukodystrophy n.[医]脑白质营养不良myoatrophy n.[医]肌萎缩neurotrophy n.神经营养panatrophy n.[医]全身萎缩amyloidosis n.淀粉样变性,类淀粉症amyloamylo-表“淀粉”之义amylase n.[生化]淀粉酶amylogenesis 淀粉形成(作用)amyloidosis n.淀粉样变性病amylolysis n.淀粉分解amylon 淀粉amylose n.直链淀粉, 多糖amylum n.淀粉granuloma n.肉芽肿,肉芽瘤granulo-granulocyte n.[生]粒细胞,粒性白细胞( 细胞质中含有颗粒的一类白细胞)granulocytopenia n.[医]粒细胞减少granulocytosis n.[医]粒细胞增多granulomatosisn.[医]肉芽肿病granulopoiesis 粒细胞生成granulous adj.由小粒而成的, 粒状的-omaembryoma n.[医]胎组织瘤encephaloma n.[医]脑瘤endothelioma n.[医]内皮瘤fibroadenoma n.[医]纤维性瘤fibroma n.纤维瘤glioma n.[医]神经胶质瘤haematoma n.(=hematoma)[医]血肿hepatoma n.[医]肝细胞瘤(尤指恶性肿瘤)leiomyoma n.[医] 平滑肌瘤lipoma n.脂肪瘤lymphoma n.[医]淋巴瘤mastocytoman.[医]肥大细胞瘤melanoblastoma n.[医]成黑素细胞瘤melanoma n.[医](恶性)黑素瘤,(良性)胎记瘤meningioman.[医]脑(脊)膜瘤mesothelioma n.[医]间皮瘤myeloma n.[医]骨髓瘤myoma n.[医]肌瘤myxoma n.[医]粘液瘤neurofibroma n.[医]纤维神经瘤neuroma n.[医]神经瘤osteoma n.[医]骨瘤papilloma n.[医]乳突淋瘤, 刺瘤pheochromocytoma n.[医]嗜铬细胞瘤( 一种交感神经系统的肿瘤)pinealoma n.[医]松果体瘤rhabdomyoma n.[医] 横纹肌瘤scleroman.[医]硬结seminoma n.[医]精原细胞瘤teratoma n.[医]畸胎瘤amebic n.变形虫的ameba n.[动]阿米巴, 变形虫amebacide 杀阿米巴的杀阿米巴药amebiasis n.[医]阿米巴病,变形虫病(尤指原虫寄生肠内引起的阿米巴痢疾)amebocyte n.[医]阿米巴样细胞,变形细胞ameboid adj.似变形虫的radiohepatographyradio-radioactive adj.放射性的, 有辐射能的radioanalysis放射性分析radiobioassay放射生物测定radiochemical adj.[化] 放射化学的n.已含放射性同位素的化学物质radiocytology放射细胞学radioexamination X射线透视法, 伦琴射线透视法radioiodine n.[化] 放射碘radioisotope n.放射性同位元素radiolabel vt.[化]用放射性同位素给…示踪或做标记radiology 光线学, 放射线学, 放射医学, X光线科radiophysiology放射生理学-graphy- 构成名词,表示“写、画、记录的用具或方式”angiography n.[医]血管造影术, 血管照相术cardiography n.心动描记法electroencephalography n.[医]脑电图学, 脑电描记法osteography n.[解]骨论salpingography n.[医]输卵管造影术sonography n.[医]超声波检查法, 超声波扫描术sphygmography n.[医]脉搏描记法ultrasonography n.[医]超声波检查法, 超声波扫描术urography n.[医]尿路造影术hypochondriumn.季肋,季肋部chondrio-chondroblast 成软骨细胞chondrocranium n.软骨性颅chondroma n.[医]软骨瘤chondromyoma 软骨肌瘤chondrosarcoma n.[医]软骨肉瘤chondrophyte 软骨赘, 软骨刺chondrosis 软骨形成chondrosteoma软骨骨瘤achondroplasia n.软骨发育不全enchondroma n.[医]内生软骨瘤osteochondrosis n.[医]骨软骨病cholestatic 胆汁郁积的cholestasis [医]胆汁郁积-stasis 壅滞,郁积bacteriostasis n.细菌抑制, 阻止细菌繁殖法cholestasis n.[医]胆汁郁积electrohemostasis n.[医]电止血法fungistasis n.抑真菌作用hemostasis n.(=hemostasia)[医]止血, 止血法homeostasisn.内环境平衡,内环境稳定metastasis n.转移micrometastasis n.(残留癌肿的) 微小转移venostasis n.[医]静脉郁滞hyperbilirubinemian.胆红素血,胆红素血症bili- [拉] 表示“胆汁”, “从胆汁衍生的”biliary adj.胆汁的, 输送胆汁的, 由于胆汁异状的bilien 胆汁烯, 一烯胆色素核biligrafin (=meglumine iodipamide)胆影葡胺bilirubin n.[生化]胆红素biliuria 胆汁尿rubi n.玉红rubiflavin 红玉黄菌素rubigo n.[化] 过氧化铁, 铁丹rubine红宝石rubious adj.红玉色的, 红色的-emia =(-aemia) 表示“血症”anemia n.贫血, 贫血症anoxemia n.[医]缺氧血症, 血缺氧galactosemia n.[医]半乳糖血(症)glycemia n.[医]血糖过多hypercholesterolaemia n.[医]血胆甾醇过多, 高胆甾醇血hypercalcaemia n.[医]血钙过多, 高钙血(症) hyperlipidemia n.[医]血脂过多, 高脂血hypocalcemian.[医]血钙过少,低血钙症hypoxemia n.[医]血氧不足phosphatase n .磷酸酶phospho- 表示“磷的, 含磷的”之义phosphate n.磷酸盐phosphated磷酸盐化的phosphatemia磷酸盐血phosphocreatin n.[生化]磷酸肌酸phosphodiesterase n.[生化]磷酸二酯酶phosphofructokinase n.[生化]磷酸果糖激酶phosphoglycoprotein 磷糖蛋白phosphokinase n.[生化]磷酸激酶phospholipase n.[生化]磷脂酶phosphor n.磷-aseATPase n.[生化]ATP酶,腺苷三磷酸酶n.[生化]脱氧核糖核酸酶(亦称DNase) carbohydrase n.[生化]糖酶cellulase n.[生化]木纤维质酵素, 纤维素酶dehydrochlorinase n.[生化]脱氯化氢酶dipeptidase n.[生化]二肽酶esterase n.[生化]酯酶exopeptidase n.[生化]肽链端解酶,外肽酶galactokinase n.[生化]半乳糖激酶glucokinase n.[生化]葡(萄)糖激酶glycosidase n.[生化]糖苷酶guanase n.[生化]鸟嘌呤酶hexokinase n.[生化]己糖激酶hydrolase n.[生化]水解酶hypertensinase n.[生化]血管紧张肽酶lactase n.乳糖分解酵素lactoperoxidase n.[生化]乳过氧(化)物酶lyase n.[生化]裂合酶,裂解酶maltasen.[生化]麦芽糖酶nucleotidase n.[生化]核苷酸酶nucleotidyltransferase n.[生化]核苷酸转移酶oxydase n.[生化]氧化酶phosphatase n.[生化]磷酸(酯)酶phosphokinase n.[生化]磷酸激酶polymerase n.[生化]聚合酶reductase n.[生化]还原酶ribonuclease n.[生化]核糖核酸酶Lesson Thirteenpathological n.病理的,病理性的patho-表示“痛苦, 疾病”之义pathobiology n.病理学pathogenesis n.[医]发病机理pathogens 病原体(物)pathology n.病理学pathophysiology n.[医]病理生理学pathopsychology病理心理学pathotype 病变型cystitis n.膀胱炎cysto-cystocele n.[医]膀胱突出症cystodynia 膀胱痛cystolith [医]膀胱结石cystotomy n.[医]膀胱切开术cystourethritis膀胱尿道炎nephritis n.肾炎nephrism n.[医]肾病性恶病质nephrocyte 肾原细胞nephrodystrophy 肾病, 肾营养不良nephrology n.肾脏学nephroptosis肾下垂nephropyelitis肾盂肾炎nephrostomy n.[医]肾造口术nephrotoxic adj.[医]对肾脏有害处的, 足以危害肾脏的nephrosclerosis 肾硬化, 肾硬变(症) arteriosclerosis n.动脉硬化,血管硬化arteriopathy 动脉病arteriosis动脉病arteriovenostomy 动静脉吻合术arteriovenous adj.动静脉的, 连接动静脉的arteritis n.动脉炎arteriology动脉学arteriole n.细动脉arteriomalacia 动脉软化arteriosympathectomy 动脉交感神经切除术albumin n.白蛋白albuminuria n.[医]蛋白尿albumoscope (尿)白蛋白测定器albuminolysis 白蛋白分解, 蛋白质水解[作用] uremia n.尿毒症urolith 尿(结)石urology n.[医]泌尿学uromelanin 尿黑素urinal n.尿壶, 小便池urinary adj.尿的, 泌尿器的urination n.撒尿urinogenital adj.泌尿生殖器的Lesson FourteenLesson Fifteencerebrovascular脑血管的cerebro-[前缀]表示“脑, 大脑”之义cerebrogalactose脑半乳糖, 脑糖cerebrology脑学cerebroma脑瘤cerebromalacia n.[医]脑软化cerebrospinal adj.脑脊髓的cerebrovascular adj.[医]脑血管的-vascular血管的avascular adj.[解](组织等) 无血管的cardiovascular adj.心脏血管的cerebrovascular adj.[医]脑血管的extravascular adj.血管外的, 没有血管的intravascular n.血管内的microvascular adj.[解]微脉管(直径小于毫米的微血管)的neurovascular adj.神经与血管的perivascular adj.[解]血管周的renovascular adj.[解][医]肾血管(性)的hemorrhage出血,溢血,出血hemo - or hema- or hem-also haemo- or haema- or haem- 血:hemoagglutinin 血红素凝结素hemochromatosis n.[医]血色沉着病hemoconcentration 血浓缩hemodialysis n.[医]血液透析, 血液渗析(去除血液中的污物) hemodynamics n.(=haemodynamics)血液动力学hemodynamometer 血压计hemoglobinuria n.[医]血红素尿, 血色蛋白尿hemoglutinin凝血素hemolysis n.溶血hemometra (=hematometra)子宫积血hemopathology 血液病理学hemophilia n.血友病hemopoietin 促红细胞生成素hemoptysis n.[医]咳血, 咯血hemorrhinia 鼻出血, 衄血hemorrhoids n.痔疮, 痔疾hemotherapeutics n.[医]血疗法-rrhagiamenorrhagia n.[医]月经过多metrorrhagia n.[医]子宫出血pneumorrhagia n.[医]肺出血rhinorrhagia n.[医] 鼻出血aphasia不语,失语-phasiaaphasia n.失语症dysphasia n.[医]言语障碍症endophasia n.[语]内部言语,无声语exophasia n.[语]外部语言,有声的语言jargonaphasia n.[医] 杂乱性失语paraphasia n.[医]语言错乱, 错语症hemiplegia半身不遂,偏瘫-plegiacycloplegia n.[医]睫状肌麻痹diplegia n.双侧瘫痪hemiplegia n.[医]偏瘫, 半身麻痹, 半身不遂laloplegia n.[医]言语器肌麻痹,语器麻痹, 言语机能障碍ophthalmoplegia n.[医]眼肌瘫痪, 眼肌麻痹pamplegia n.[医]全麻痹,全瘫panplegia n.[医]全麻痹,全瘫paraplegia n.[医]截瘫, 下身麻痹quadriplegia n.[医]四肢麻痹,四肢瘫痪tetraplegia n.[医]四肢麻痹,四肢瘫痪Lesson Sixteenstreptococci链球菌strepto-streptococcemia 链球菌菌血症streptococcus n.[微]链球菌streptodornase n.[生化][药]链道酶, 链球菌去氧核糖核酸酶(略作 SD)streptokinase n.[生化][药]链激酶,溶栓酶(略作 SK) streptolysin n.[生化]链球菌溶血素streptomycin n.链霉素-coccuscryptococcus n.[植]隐球酵母,隐球菌diplococcus n.[生物] 双球菌enterococcus n.[微]肠球菌gonococcus n.淋菌meningococcus n.[微]脑膜炎球菌micrococcus n.[微生物]微球菌, 球状细菌pneumococcus n.[医] 肺炎球菌staphylococcus n.[微生物] 葡萄状球菌streptococcus n.[微]链球菌leukocytosis n.白细胞增多,白血球增多leuko-表示“白血球, 白色的或无色的”之义leukemian. 白血病leukemogen 致白血病物质leukoblastosis 白细胞组织增生leukocyte n.[解]白细胞, 白血球leukocytogenesis 白细胞形成leukonuclein 白细胞核素leukonychia 白甲病leukopenia n.[医]白血球减少症leukorrhagia白带过多leukothrombopenia 白细胞血小板减少leukovirus n.[医]白血病病毒-cytosis 细胞增多agranulocytosis n.粒性白血球缺乏症erythrocytosis n.[医]红血球增多(症)granulocytosis n.[医]粒细胞增多hyperleucocytosis n.[医]白血球过多leucocytosis n.[医]白细胞增多,白血球增多lymphocytosis n.[医]淋巴球增多reticulocytosis n.[医] 网状细胞(旧名网织红血球)过多症thrombocytosis n.[医]血小板增多(症)erythrocyte 红细胞,红血球erythro-红, 赤erythroblast n.[生理]成红血球细胞, 有核红血球erythroblastoma [医]成红细胞瘤erythrocatalysis 红细胞溶解erythroclasis 红细胞破碎erythrocyte n.[医]红血球erythrocytopoiesis 红细胞生成erythrocytosis n.[医]红血球增多(症)erythroleukemia n.[医]红白血病erythrolysis 红细胞溶解erythromycin n.红霉素erythropsia n.[医]红视症, 红视-cyte 表示“细胞”amebocyte n.[医]阿米巴样细胞,变形细胞erythrocyte n.[医]红血球granulocyte n.[生]粒细胞,粒性白细胞( 细胞质中含有颗粒的一类白细胞)hematocyte n.(=haematocyte)血球, 血细胞keratinocyte n.[生化]角化细胞leukocyte n.[解]白细胞, 白血球megakaryocyte n.[生]巨核细胞monocyte n.[生]单核细胞myelocyte n.[生]髓细胞,中幼粒细胞myocyte n.[生]肌细胞neurocyte n.[解]神经细胞normocyte n.正常红血球phagocyte 吞噬细胞arthritis 关节炎arthrocele 关节肿大arthrocentesis关节穿刺术arthrodesis n.[医]关节固定术,人为关节强硬术arthrodynia (=arthralgia)关节痛arthroendoscopy 关节内腔镜检查arthrology n.关节学arthropyosis 关节化脓arthrosis n.关节, 关节病arthrotomy n.[医]关节切开(术)rheumatoid .风湿症的, 患风湿症的rheumato-rheumarthritis[医]风湿性关节炎rheumatalgia 风湿痛rheumatic adj.风湿的rheumaticosis小儿风湿状态rheumatics n. 风湿病rheumatism n.风湿, 风湿病rheumatoid arthritis n.类风湿性关节炎rheumatology n.风湿病学rheumatosis风湿病-oid构成形容词,表示“像…的”构成名词,表示“像…的东西ameboid adj.似变形虫的bacterioid n.(=bacteroid)类似细菌体 adj.(=bacteroid)细菌性的, 假细菌的carotinoid [生化]类胡罗卜素chorioid adj.脉络膜的n.脉络膜colloid n.胶体 adj.胶体的corticoid n.(=corticosteroid)[生化]肾上腺皮质类脂醇deltoid n.[解] 三角肌dermoid adj.皮样的, 皮状的diphtheroid adj.似白喉的, n.类白喉fibrinoid adj.纤维蛋白样的hydrocephaloid脑积水样的lipoid n.[化]类脂 adj.类脂的osteoarthritis n. 骨关节炎 osteo- 表示“骨”之义(在元音前作oste-) osteoarthritis n.[医]骨关节炎 osteoarthrosis n.[医]骨关节炎osteochondritis n.[医]骨软骨炎osteoclast破骨细胞osteoblast n.造骨细胞osteodystrophia骨营养不良骨发育不全 osteoepiphysis骨骺 Lesson Seventeen asepsis 无菌,无菌法 sepsis n.脓毒病antisepsis n.防腐, 消毒 asepsis n.无菌, 防腐处理, 灭菌法antiseptic adj.防腐的, 杀菌的, 消过毒的n.防腐剂, 杀菌剂aseptic n.防腐剂adj.无菌的 preantiseptic adj.[医]防腐法采用前的,抗菌法采用前的 preaseptic adj.[医]无菌外科以前的septic adj.腐败的, 败血病的, 脓毒性的n.腐烂物septicemia n.败血病 septicopyaemia n.<英>[医]脓血症, 毒血症 septicopyemia n.<美>=septicopyaemia asepticism n.无菌法, 无菌外科学说asepticize vt.使无菌, 消毒antibiotics n.抗生素bio- 表示“生命, 生物”之义biolipid 生物脂 biologic adj.生物的, 生物学的 biologist n.生物学家 biolysis n.生物分解(作用), 死亡 abiogenesis n.自然发生 abiosis n.无生命 astrobiology n.[生物]天体生物学, 太空生物学 aerobiotic adj.好氧生活的 decongestant n.[医]解充血药 congestion n.拥塞, 充血 congestive adj.充血的 congest vt.使充满, 使拥塞, [医]使充血vt.充塞, 充血, 拥挤 decongestion n.(城市等)拥挤的消除(或缓解) [医]充血的减轻 decongestive n.[医]可降低充血的 myalgia n.肌痛 -algia adenalgia n.[医]腺痛 arthralgia n.[医]关节痛cephalalgia n.[医]头痛 cranialgia n.[医]头痛 enteralgia n.[医]肠痛 gastralgia n.[医]胃痛 hemialgia n.[医]单侧痛keratalgia n.[医] 角膜疼痛odontalgia n.齿痛, 牙痛otalgia n.[医]耳痛uteralgia n.[医]子宫痛Lesson Eighteen brachial adj.臂的, 臂状的 brachio- 表示“臂”之义brachiocephalic artery[解]头臂动脉brachia 臂brachial palsy上肢麻痹, 臂瘫痪 brachialgia臂神经痛Brachiopoda [复]n.[动]腕足门 neurosurgeon n.神经外科医师neuro- 表示“神经”之义 neuritis n.神经炎 neurobiology 神经生物学 neuroblast n.[生]成神经细胞 neurochemistry n.神经化学 neurodepressive adj.抑制神经的 neurodynia神经痛 neuroendocrine 神经内分泌的 neurogenesis n.[生]神经发生,神经形成 neuroglia n.[解]神经胶(质) neuroglobulin 神经球蛋白neurohypophyseal adj.[解]垂体神经部的neurolemma 神经鞘 neurology n.神经学, 神经病学 neuroma n.[医]神经瘤neuromata neuroma的复数neuromuscular adj.[解]神经肌肉的neuron n.[解]神经细胞, 神经元neuropathy n.神经病 neuroprotein .神经蛋白 neurosensory adj.[解]感觉神经的neurotoxin n.[生化]神经毒素neurotrophy n.神经营养 neurovascular adj.神经与血管的extradural n.硬膜外的 dura- duro (=dura mater)【解】硬脑(脊)膜 dura mater 硬脑(脊)膜 epidural adj.[解]硬(脑)膜上的, 硬脑膜外的 extradural adj.[解]硬(脑)膜外的 Lesson Ninteen dyspepsia食积,消化不良apepsia n.不消化bradypepsia n.[医]消化徐缓eupepsia n.消化良好radiotherapy n.放射疗法aerotherapy n.空气疗法alimentotherapy n.食物疗法 autotherapy (=self-treatment)自我医疗法 bacteriotherapy n.细菌疗法 biotherapy n.生物制剂疗法chemoimmunotherapy n.[医]化学免疫疗法chemotherapy n.化学疗法cryotherapy n.冷冻疗法dietotherapy n.[医]食物疗法 electro-shock therapy n. 电休克疗法,电休克治疗 endocrinotherapy n.[医]内分泌疗法hemotherapy n.(=hemotherapeutics)[医]血疗法hormone replacement therapy n. 激素取代疗法 hydropsychotherapy n.[医]水浴心理疗法,精神病水疗法 hypnotherapy n.催眠术疗法 immunotherapy n.[医]免疫疗法 kinesitherapy n.[医] 运动疗法 massotherapy n.按摩疗法,推拿疗法 musicotherapy n.音乐疗法 occupational therapy n.职业治疗法 organotherapy n.[医]器官疗法 somatotherapy n.躯体性疗法(使用药物或手术等生理手段以调节行为的心理疗法) stomatitis n.口炎,口腔炎stomato- stomatoblast 成口道细胞 stomatolalia 鼻塞语音 stomatology n.[医]口腔病学 stomatoscope [医]口腔镜stomatosis (=stomatopathy)口(腔)病Lesson twentyappendectomy n.阑尾切除术appendico- appendo-appendiceal adj.[解]阑尾的appendicectomy n.[医]阑尾切除(术) appendectomy n.阑尾切除术appendices [appendix的复数, 见appendix] appendix n.附录, 附属品, [解]阑尾appendicitis n.阑尾炎, 盲肠炎-ectomyadenectomy n.腺切除术arthrectomy n.关节切除术, 关节截除术cholecystectomy n.[医]胆囊切除术colectomy n.[医]结肠切除术duodenectomy n.[医]十二指肠切除术endarterectomy n.[医]动脉内膜切除术ganglionectomy n.[医]神经节截除术gastrectomy n.[医]胃切除术hemorrhoidectomy n.[医]痔切除术hysterectomy n.[外科]子宫切除(术)iridectomy n.[医]虹膜切除术isthmectomy n.[医]峡部切除术甲状腺切除术labyrinthectomy n.[医]迷路切除术。
医学英语词根词缀英语词根医学作为一门专业领域,具有其独特的术语体系。
许多医学术语都是由词根和词缀组成的,掌握这些词根和词缀对于学习和理解医学英语至关重要。
本文将介绍一些常见的医学英语词根和词缀,并解释其含义和用法。
一、词根1. Cardi-(心脏)例词:cardiology(心脏病学)、cardiologist(心脏病专家)2. Derm-(皮肤)例词:dermatology(皮肤学)、dermatologist(皮肤科医生)3. Gast-(胃)例词:gastroenterology(胃肠病学)、gastrectomy(胃切除术)4. Hem-(血)例词:hematology(血液学)、hemorrhage(出血)5. Ophthalm-(眼睛)例词:ophthalmology(眼科学)、ophthalmologist(眼科医生)二、词缀1. -ectomy(切除术)例词:appendectomy(阑尾切除术)、tonsillectomy(扁桃体切除术)2. -itis(炎症)例词:tonsillitis(扁桃体炎)、arthritis(关节炎)3. -ology(学科)例词:urology(泌尿学)、radiology(放射学)4. -pathy(疾病)例词:neuropathy(神经病)、myopathy(肌肉病)5. -scopy(检查)例词:endoscopy(内镜检查)、colonoscopy(结肠镜检查)以上仅是一小部分医学英语词根和词缀的例子,医学英语中有数以千计的词根和词缀,通过熟悉和掌握这些词根和词缀,可以更容易地理解和使用医学术语。
学习医学英语词根和词缀的方法可以多种多样。
一种有效的方法是通过创造联想来记忆这些词根和词缀。
例如,我们可以将“derm-”(皮肤)与“dermatologist”(皮肤科医生)联系起来,这样可以更容易理解和记忆这个词。
此外,可以使用医学英语词典或在线资源来查找医学术语的定义和应用。
(完整版)医学最常见词根词缀总结医学最常见词根词缀总结一、词根(Root)词根是构成医学术语的基本单元,它通常承载着词汇的核心含义。
1. "cardi-":与心脏相关的词根,例如cardiology(心脏病学)和cardiac(心脏的)。
2. "derm-":与皮肤相关的词根,例如dermatology(皮肤学)和dermatitis(皮炎)。
3. "neur-":与神经相关的词根,例如neurology(神经学)和neural(神经的)。
二、前缀(Prefix)前缀位于词根之前,可以改变医学术语的意义或表示特定的含义。
1. "anti-":表示"反对"或"对抗",例如antibiotic(抗生素)和antidepressant(抗抑郁药物)。
2. "hyper-":表示"过度"或"超过",例如hyperactive(过度活跃)和hypertension(高血压)。
3. "sub-":表示"在下方"或"次于",例如subcutaneous(皮下的)和sublingual(舌下的)。
三、后缀(Suffix)后缀位于词根之后,可以改变医学术语的词性或表示特定的含义。
1. "-itis":表示"炎症",例如arthritis(关节炎)和bronchitis(支气管炎)。
2. "-logy":表示"学科"或"学术",例如psychology(心理学)和biology(生物学)。
3. "-ectomy":表示"切除术",例如appendectomy(阑尾切除术)和tonsillectomy(扁桃体切除术)。
医学单词词根以下是医学单词词根的内容,供参考:一、解剖学词根1.oste-:表示骨骼,如osteitis(骨炎)。
2.-oss-:表示骨骼,如ossicle(小骨)。
3.synde-:表示连接,如syndesmosis(韧带)。
4.-chondr-:表示软骨,如chondritis(软骨炎)。
二、生理学词根1.-physio-:表示生理现象,如physiology(生理学)。
2.-aniso-:表示不对称,如anismus(肌肉运动障碍)。
3.-metab-:表示代谢,如metabolism(新陈代谢)。
4.-hormo-:表示激素,如hormone(激素)。
三、病理学词根1.-patho-:表示病状,如pathology(病理学)。
2.-necro-:表示坏死,如necrosis(坏死)。
3.-inflam-:表示炎症,如inflammation(炎症)。
4.-sarco-:表示肉瘤,如sarcoma(肉瘤)。
四、药理学词根1.-pharmac-:表示药物,如pharmacology(药理学)。
2.-analges-:表示镇痛,如analgesic(镇痛剂)。
3.-toxic-:表示有毒的,如toxin(毒素)。
4.-antimicrobial:表示抗菌的,如antimicrobial agent(抗菌剂)。
五、临床医学词根1.-clinic-:表示临床的,如clinic(诊所)。
2.-diagnost-:表示诊断的,如diagnostic(诊断的)。
3.-therap-:表示治疗的,如therapy(治疗法)。
4.-prophylaxis:表示预防的,如prophylaxis(预防措施)。
六、疾病名称词根1.-encephal-:表示脑部疾病,如encephalitis(脑炎)。
2.-cardio-:表示心脏疾病,如cardiology(心脏病学)。
3.-nephro-:表示肾脏疾病,如nephritis(肾炎)。
Doctor_一.人体主要器官前缀心(heart) cardiao-脑(brain) encepholo-肺(lung) pulmo-肝(liver) hepato-胃(stomach) gastro-胆(gallbladder)chole-肠(intestine)entero-脾(spleen)splen-胰(pancreas)pancreato-肾(kidney)nephro-二.与人体系统,器官有关的前缀血(blood)hemo-/hemato- 血管(vessel) vaso-静脉(vein) veno-动脉(artery) arterio-肌(muscle) myo-髓(marrow) myel-/myelo 神经(nerve)neur-/neuro- 细胞(cell) cyto-尿(urine) uro-/ur-体(body) somato-三.与数字有关的前缀一(单):mono-/uni-,如:monomer(单体);二:bi-,如bilateral(两边的);三:tri-,如:trilateral(三边的);四:tetra-,如;tetramer(四聚体)四.词根Acouo 听觉;Acro 顶,肢;Acromio 肩峰;Ad 前缀向…靠近,到…上;Adeno 腺;Adipo 脂肪的;Aero 气;Agglutino 凝集;Algesi 痛觉的感受;Andro 雄;Angino 阻塞;Astro 星;Atelo 不完全的,有缺陷的;Baso 碱;Carcino 癌;Cardio 心;Cervico 颈;Chemo 化学;Chromo 颜色;Colo 结肠;Colpo 阴道;Cuti 皮肤;Denti 牙齿;Embryo 胚胎;Fibro 纤维;Gastro 胃;Glosso 舌;Halo 盐;Hemo 血;Hydro 水;Iro 虹膜;Labio 唇;Lympho 淋巴;Masto 乳房;Meno 月经;Micro 微;Musculo 肌肉;Myco 真菌;Myxo 粘液;Naso 鼻;Nephro 肾;Orexi 食欲;Ortho 直的;Osteo 骨;Ovo 卵子;Oxy 氧;Pelvo 骨盆;Pepsi 消化;Pharyngo 咽;Photo 光,透明;Pilo 毛发;Plasmo 浆;Pneumo 气,肺;Polypo 息肉;Psycho 精神,心理;Ptyo 唾液;Puppillo 瞳孔;Rachio 脊柱;Sarco 肉;Somni 睡眠;Testo 睾丸;Thoraco 胸;Toco 出生,分娩;Vaso 血管;Vito 生命;Zoo 生物。
Ⅱ前缀Post-后postpartum产后De-去dehydration脱水Hyper-高hyperuricemia高尿酸血症Pre-前premature发生在适当时间之前的Myo-肌myoglolinemia肌红蛋白血症Tetra-四tetrachloride四氯化Re-重复Replicate复制Poly-多Polymerase聚合酶Deoxy-脱氧Deoxyribonucleotide脱氧核糖核苷酸Trans-转移Transferase转移酶di-二Phosphodiester磷酸二酯Pro-原proinsulin胰岛素原Tachy-快Tachycardia心动过速Lipo-脂Lipophilic亲脂的Hydro-水Hydrophilic亲水的Entero-肠Enterohepatic肠肝的Ar-非,失常Arrhythmogenic致心律失常的bi-二Bigeminy二联律Dis-缺乏Disorientation定向力缺乏Auto-自动automaticity自律性Extra-外extracellular细胞外的Non-非nontraumatic非创伤性的Epi-上epigastrium上腹部的Peri-周围periumbilical脐周Para-旁paracolic结肠旁Hemat-血hematemesis呕血Intra-内intramural壁内的Ipsi-同ipsilateral同侧的Oro-口oropharynx口咽部Hepato-肝hepatosplenomegaly肝脾肿大Dys-困难dyspneic呼吸困难的Brady-过缓bradycardia心动过缓Naso-鼻nasopharygeal鼻咽的Encephalo-脑Encephalomenigitis 脑膜脑炎Myo-肌myocarditis心肌炎Gastro-胃gastroenteritis胃肠炎Ovi-卵oviduct输卵管Endo-内endometrium子宫内膜Radio-放射radioimmunoassay放射免疫测定Nulli-未nullipara未产妇a-无、非amenorrhea闭经-ectomy切除术hysterectomy子宫切除术Bronchi-支气管bronchiectasis支气管扩张Neo-新neoplasm新生物Lympho-淋巴lymphoma淋巴瘤Tetra-四tetracycline四环素Hypo-低hypogammaglobulinaemia低γ-球蛋白血症Micro-微microangiopathy微血管病变Retino-视网膜retinopathy视网膜病变后缀-megaly肿大hepatosplenomegaly肝脾肿大-centesis穿刺术thoracentesis胸腔穿刺术-emia血症hyperuricemia高尿酸血症-itis炎症pancreatitis胰腺炎-ase酶Transferase转移酶-lysis分解proteolysis蛋白分解-philic亲Lipophilic 亲脂的-genic致arrhythmogenic致心律失常的-rrhea溢galactorrhea溢乳-stasis稳定homeostasis体内环境稳定-scopy镜检查laparoscopy 腹腔镜检查-otomy切开术colpotomy 阴道穹隆切开术-pathy 病变 retinopathy 视网膜病变-ist 者、专家ophthalmologist 眼科医师解剖:解剖学术语前缀含义举例a-an- 不,不是,非,没有,少azygos: 不成对的部分,无对偶的部分,单一器an tibacterial: 抗生素ante- 在…之前,…前的antecubital: 肋前的anti- 反抗,治疗的 anti bacterial: 抗生素circum- 环,周围 circum ferential fibers: 环型纤维contra- 反抗,逆对 contra lateral: 对侧的ec-出,偏离 ec ctopic: 异位的endo- 内部的,内在的 endoscope: 内窥镜epi- 在上,向 epi dural: 硬膜的ex- 出,从,来的 ex cise: 切除extra-天,…外的 extradural: 硬膜外的hyper- 过好的,超出平常的 hyperlordosis: 过度前凸 ermal (pertaining to upon the skin)hypo- 不足的,在…下的 hypokyphosis: 后凸平足,平背畸形infra-在…下 infra laminar: 椎板下节inter- 在…之间 intercostal: 肋间intra- 在…之内 intradural: 硬膜下ipsi- 相同的 ipsi lateral: 同侧的mal- 病态的,平启的 mal union: 骨接合不正medi- 中间的 medi al: 中间的para- 不正常的,延…的,附近的para esthesia(or paresthesia): 感觉异常peri- 围绕,附近的 peri neural: 神经外膜post- 之后,在…后 post operative: 术后的pre- 之前,在…前 preoperative:术前准备pseudo- 假的pseudoarthrosis(or pseudarthr-osis): 假关节retro- 向后,回复 retro peritoneal: 腹膜后的semi- 半 semi lunar: 半月型的sub- 之下,在…之下 subcutaneous: 皮下的supra- 之上 supralaminar: 椎板上syn- 共,合 syn ostosis: 骨连接trans- 穿过 trans peritoneal: 经腹膜常用后缀-algia 疼痛 arthralgia: 关节痛-clasis 断,折断 osteoclasis: 骨破折-desis 固定 ( 关节或骨头 ) arthrodesis: 关节固定术关节融合术-ectomy 切除 laminectomy: 椎板切除术-emia 血 anemia: 贫血-genesis 形成,起源 osteogensis: 骨发生-itis 炎症 arthitis: 关节炎-lysis 分解,松解 osteolysis: 骨吸收 , 骨质溶解-malacia 软化 chrondromalacia: 轻骨软化-oid 类似 osteoid: 骨样的-oma 肿瘤 sarcoma: 肉瘤-otomy 切,截 osteotomy: 截骨术-paresis 半,部分麻痹 hemiparesis: 半身麻痹-path(y) 病 neuropathy: 神经病肥大-penia 不止,减少 osteopenia: 骨质减少-plasia 生长,形成 hyperplasia: 增生,过度增生-plasty 手术修复 cranioplasty: 颅骨成形术-scope 检查设备 thoracocscope: 胸腔镜-scopy 用设备检查 thoracoscopy: 胸腔镜检查-stenosis 狭窄的 spinal stenosis: 椎管狭窄-tome 切割器械 ostetome: 骨力-tomy 切,截 osteotomy: 截骨术-trophy 食物,营养 hypetrophy: 过度生长常用的前缀第一节表示无,抗,非的前缀一.a-,an-无,非。
Ⅱ前缀Post- 后postpartum 产后De—去dehydration 脱水Hyper—高hyperuricemia 高尿酸血症Pre- 前premature 发生在适当时间之前的Myo—肌myoglolinemia 肌红蛋白血症Tetra—四tetrachloride 四氯化Re—重复Replicate 复制Poly—多Polymerase 聚合酶Deoxy- 脱氧Deoxyribonucleotide 脱氧核糖核苷酸Trans—转移Transferase 转移酶di- 二Phosphodiester 磷酸二酯Pro- 原proinsulin 胰岛素原Tachy—快Tachycardia 心动过速Lipo- 脂Lipophilic 亲脂的Hydro—水Hydrophilic 亲水的Entero—肠Enterohepatic 肠肝的Ar- 非,失常Arrhythmogenic 致心律失常的bi—二Bigeminy 二联律Dis—缺乏Disorientation 定向力缺乏Auto—自动automaticity 自律性Extra—外extracellular 细胞外的Non—非nontraumatic 非创伤性的Epi—上epigastrium 上腹部的Peri- 周围periumbilical 脐周Para- 旁paracolic 结肠旁Hemat- 血hematemesis 呕血Intra—内intramural 壁内的Ipsi- 同ipsilateral 同侧的Oro—口oropharynx 口咽部Hepato—肝hepatosplenomegaly 肝脾肿大Dys—困难dyspneic 呼吸困难的Brady—过缓bradycardia 心动过缓Naso- 鼻nasopharygeal 鼻咽的Encephalo- 脑Encephalomenigitis 脑膜脑炎Myo- 肌myocarditis 心肌炎Gastro—胃gastroenteritis 胃肠炎Ovi—卵oviduct 输卵管Endo—内endometrium 子宫内膜Radio- 放射radioimmunoassay 放射免疫测定Nulli- 未nullipara 未产妇a- 无、非amenorrhea 闭经—ectomy 切除术hysterectomy 子宫切除术Bronchi—支气管bronchiectasis 支气管扩张Neo—新neoplasm 新生物Lympho—淋巴lymphoma 淋巴瘤Tetra—四tetracycline 四环素Hypo—低hypogammaglobulinaemia 低γ—球蛋白血症Micro—微microangiopathy 微血管病变Retino—视网膜retinopathy 视网膜病变后缀—megaly 肿大hepatosplenomegaly 肝脾肿大-centesis 穿刺术thoracentesis 胸腔穿刺术-emia 血症hyperuricemia 高尿酸血症-itis 炎症pancreatitis 胰腺炎-ase 酶Transferase 转移酶-lysis 分解proteolysis 蛋白分解-philic 亲Lipophilic 亲脂的—genic 致arrhythmogenic 致心律失常的—rrhea 溢galactorrhea 溢乳—stasis 稳定homeostasis 体内环境稳定-scopy 镜检查laparoscopy 腹腔镜检查—otomy 切开术colpotomy 阴道穹隆切开术—pathy 病变retinopathy 视网膜病变—ist 者、专家ophthalmologist 眼科医师解剖:解剖学术语前缀含义举例a—an—不,不是,非,没有,少azygos: 不成对的部分,无对偶的部分,单一器an tibacterial: 抗生素ante- 在…之前,…前的antecubital: 肋前的anti—反抗,治疗的anti bacterial: 抗生素circum—环,周围circum ferential fibers:环型纤维contra—反抗,逆对contra lateral: 对侧的ec-出,偏离ec ctopic: 异位的endo- 内部的,内在的endoscope:内窥镜epi—在上,向epi dural:硬膜的ex- 出,从,来的ex cise:切除extra—天,…外的extradural: 硬膜外的hyper—过好的,超出平常的hyperlordosis:过度前凸ermal (pertaining to upon the skin)hypo—不足的,在…下的hypokyphosis:后凸平足,平背畸形infra-在…下infra laminar: 椎板下节inter- 在…之间intercostal:肋间intra—在…之内intradural:硬膜下ipsi- 相同的ipsi lateral:同侧的mal—病态的,平启的mal union: 骨接合不正medi- 中间的medi al:中间的para—不正常的,延…的,附近的para esthesia(or paresthesia): 感觉异常peri—围绕,附近的peri neural:神经外膜post—之后,在…后post operative:术后的pre- 之前,在…前preoperative:术前准备pseudo—假的pseudoarthrosis(or pseudarthr—osis): 假关节retro- 向后,回复retro peritoneal: 腹膜后的semi- 半semi lunar: 半月型的sub—之下,在…之下subcutaneous: 皮下的supra—之上supralaminar:椎板上syn- 共,合syn ostosis:骨连接trans—穿过trans peritoneal:经腹膜常用后缀-algia 疼痛arthralgia: 关节痛-clasis 断,折断osteoclasis: 骨破折—desis 固定( 关节或骨头) arthrodesis:关节固定术关节融合术-ectomy 切除laminectomy:椎板切除术—emia 血anemia: 贫血—genesis 形成,起源osteogensis:骨发生-itis 炎症arthitis: 关节炎-lysis 分解,松解osteolysis: 骨吸收, 骨质溶解-malacia 软化chrondromalacia: 轻骨软化—oid 类似osteoid:骨样的-oma 肿瘤sarcoma: 肉瘤-otomy 切,截osteotomy:截骨术—paresis 半,部分麻痹hemiparesis:半身麻痹—path(y) 病neuropathy: 神经病肥大—penia 不止,减少osteopenia: 骨质减少—plasia 生长,形成hyperplasia: 增生,过度增生—plasty 手术修复cranioplasty: 颅骨成形术-scope 检查设备thoracocscope:胸腔镜—scopy 用设备检查thoracoscopy:胸腔镜检查-stenosis 狭窄的spinal stenosis: 椎管狭窄—tome 切割器械ostetome: 骨力-tomy 切,截osteotomy: 截骨术-trophy 食物,营养hypetrophy:过度生长常用的前缀第一节表示无,抗,非的前缀一.a—,an-无,非。
医护英语词根大全Unit 2 Roots Commonly Used in Medical English Words 词根是组成一个单词的最基本要素和主干,是一个单词的根本部分。
它具有确定的意义,表示一个单词的基本意思。
词根是同根词共有的可以辨认出来的部分。
在大多数情况下,词根通过在它前后加上前缀或者后缀而衍生出多种不同的派生词。
所以,学习和熟悉各种常用词根是扩大医学词汇量十分有效的方法。
以下为医学词汇中常用的词根(按字母顺序排列):1. ac酸、苦、辣acid酸,酸的(ac+形容词后缀-id)acidify酸化(acid酸+i连接元音+动词后缀-fy)acidific生酸的(acid酸+i连接元音+形容词后缀-fic产生)acidimeter 酸比重计(acid酸+i连接元音+名词后缀-meter测量器)acidosis酸度症(acid酸+名词后缀-osis疾病)antacid抗酸剂(ant-前缀反对+acid酸)subacid略酸的(sub-前缀次/ 略+acid酸)hyperacid酸过多的(hyper-前缀过多+acid酸)monacid一元酸(mon-前缀单一+acid酸)polyacid多酸的(poly-前缀多+acid酸)acerb酸的(词根acer酸)acerbity苦酸(词根acer酸+抽象名词后缀-ity)acescent微酸的(词根ac酸+形容词后缀-escent)acescence微酸(词根ac酸+名词后缀-escence) acetic醋酸(词根acet酸+形容词后缀-ic)acetary醋果肉(词根acet酸+名词后缀-ary物)acetate醋盐酸(词根acet酸+化学名词后缀-ate)acetify醋化(词根acet酸+i连接元音+动词后缀-fy)acetification醋化作用(词根acet酸+i连接元音+名词后缀-fication)acetimeter醋酸计(词根acet酸+i连接元音+名词后缀-meter 测量器)acetous醋的(词根acet酸+形容词后缀-ous)crid辛辣的(词根acr辣+形容词后缀-id)acridity辛辣(词根acr辣+抽象名词后缀-idity)acrimony刻毒(词根acr辣+抽象名词后缀-mony) acritude辣味(词根acr辣+抽象名词后缀-itude)2. aem, haem(o), haemat(o), em, hem(o), hemat(o)血液anaemia贫血症(前缀an-无+词根aem血液+名词后缀-ia)anaemic贫血的(前缀an-无+词根aem血液+形容词后缀-ic)dysaemia血液不良症(前缀dys不良/ 有障碍+词根aem血液+名词后缀-ia)uraemia尿毒症(词根ur尿+词根aem血液+名词后缀-ia)uraemic尿毒症的(词根ur尿+词根aem血液+形容词后缀-ic)toxaemia毒血症(词根tox毒+词根aem血液+名词后缀-ia)toxaemic毒血症的(词根tox毒+词根aem血液+形容词后缀-ic)septicaemia败血症(词根septic腐败+词根aem血液+名词后缀-ia)hyperaemia充血(词根hyper过多+词根aem血液+名词后缀-ia)hyperaemic充血的(词根hyper过多+词根aem血液+形容词后缀-ic)leukaemia白血症(词根leuk白色+词根aem血液+名词后缀-ia)haemal血液的(词根haem血液+形容词后缀-al)haemachrome血色素(词根haema血液+名词后缀-chrome颜色)haematemesis吐血(词根haemat血液+名词后缀-emesis呕haematic血液的(词根haemat血液+形容词后缀-ic)haematimeter 血球测量器(词根haemat血液+i连接元音+名词后缀-meter测量器)haematin血红素(词根haemat血液+名词后缀-in素)hematogen血原质(词根hemato血液+名词后缀-gen生长)hematoid似血液的(词根hemat血液+形容词后缀-oid类似的)hematology血液学(词根hemato血液+名词后缀-logy学科)hematoma血肿(词根hemat血液+名词后缀-oma肿)hematose多血的(词根hemat血液+形容词后缀-ose多的)hematuria血尿病(词根hemat血液+词根ur尿+名词后缀-ia)hemoglobin血球素(词根hemo血液+词根glob球+名词后缀-in素)hemorrhagic出血(词根hemo血液+词根rrhag流出+形容词后缀-ic)hemostasis止血(词根hemo血液+词根sta停止+名词后缀-sis)hemostatic止血的(词根hemo血液+词根sta停止+形容词后缀-ic)hemothorax胸腔溢血(词根hemo血液+词根thorax胸腔)hemophilia血友病(词根hemo血液+词根phil爱好+名词后缀-ia)hemocyte血细胞(词根hemo血液+词根cyte细胞)hemodynamics血流动力学(词根hemo血液+词根dynam+名词后缀-ics学科)hematoblast血小板(词根hemato血液+词根blast细胞)hematophagous食血为生的(词根hemoto血液+词根phag吃+形容词后缀-ous)obigaemia血量不足(词根obig缺少+词根aem血液+名词后缀hemoid似血的(词根hem血液+形容词后缀-oid类似的)hemocyanin血蓝蛋白(词根hemo血液+词根cyan蓝色+名词后缀-in )3. agog, agogue引导emmenagogue通经药(前缀em在里面+词根men月经+词根agogue引导)cholagogue利胆剂(词根chol胆汁+词根agogue引导)hydragogue利水剂(词根hydr水+词根agogue引导)galactagogue催乳药(词根galact乳+词根agogue引导)4. alg疼痛algometer痛觉计(词根alg疼痛+连接元音o十名词后缀-meter 测量器)arthralgia关节痛(词根arthr关节+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia)cephalalgia头痛(词根cephal头+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia)cardialgia心痛(词根cardi心+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia)enteralgia肠痛(词根enter肠+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia)neuralgia神经痛症(词根neur神经+词根alg疼痛十名词后缀-ia)odontalgia牙痛(词根odont牙+词根alg疼痛十名词后缀-ia)gastralgia胃痛(词根gastr胃+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia)otalgia耳痛(词根ot耳+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia)rachialgia脊椎痛(词根rachi脊椎+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia)adenalgia腺痛(词根aden腺+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia)nephralgia肾痛(词根nephr肾+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia)pleuralgia胸膜痛(词根pleur胸膜+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia)myalgia肌痛(词根my肌+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia )metralgia子宫痛(词根metr子宫+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia)hemialgia偏侧痛(词根hemi一半+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia)hyperalgesia痛觉过敏(前缀hyper过多+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-esia)antalgic镇痛剂(前缀ant-抗+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ic剂)nostalgic怀乡的(前缀nost-回家+词根alg疼痛+形容词后缀-ic)rhinalgia鼻痛(词根rhin鼻子+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia)5. arter, arteri动脉artery动脉(词根arter+名词后缀-y)arterial动脉的(词根arteri+形容词后缀-al)arteritis动脉炎(词根arter+名词后缀-itis发炎)arteriology动脉学(词根arteri+连接元音o+名词后缀-Iogy 学)arteriotomy动脉切开术(词根arteri+连接元音o+名词后缀-tomy切割)arteriosclerosis动脉硬化症(词根arteri+连接元音o+词根cler+名词后缀-osis)arteriography动脉照相术(词根arteri+连接元音o+名词后缀-graphy记录)6. arthr, arthro关节arthritis关节炎(词根arthr关节+名词后缀-itis发炎)antarthritic治关节炎的药(前缀ant-抗+词根arthr关节+名词后缀-itic)synarthrosis不动关节(前缀syn-共同/ 在一起+词根arthr关节+名词后缀-osis )arthrology关节学(词根arthro关节+名词后缀-logy学)arthrotomy关节切除术(词根arthro关节+名词后缀-tomy切割)arthropathy关节病(词根arthro关节+名词后缀-pathy病)arthropod节足动物(词根arthro关节+名词后缀-pod足)osteoarthritis骨关节炎(词根osteo骨头+词根arthr关节+名词后缀-itis发炎)anarthrous无关节的(前缀an-无+词根arthr关节+形容词后缀-ous)7. aud, audi听audition听觉(词根audi听+tion)audiometer听力测量器(词根audi听+连接元音o+名词后缀-meter测量器)audiphone助听器(词根audi听+名词后缀-phone)8. aur, auri耳aurist耳科医生(词根our耳+名词后缀-ist人)auricle耳心(词根aur耳+名词后缀-ricle小)auriform耳形的(词根aur耳+形容词后缀-form形状的)auriscope耳镜(词根auri耳+名词后缀-scope镜)binaural有双耳的(前缀bin双+词根aur耳+形容词后缀-al)9. bili胆,胆汁biliary胆汁的(bili胆汁+形容词后缀-ary)bilidigestive胆囊消化道的(bili胆+digest消化+形容词后缀-ive)biligenic生胆汁的(bili胆汁+genic生产的)biliprotein胆蛋白质(bili胆+protein蛋白质)10. bi, bio 生命,生物biology生物学(词根bio生物+名词后缀-logy学)biochemistry生物(词根bio生物+名词后缀-chemistry化学)bioplasm原生质(词根bio生物+名词后缀-plasm质体)biosphere生物圈(词根bio生物+名词后缀-sphere范围)cerebrocentric大脑中枢的(cerebro大脑+centric中央的)cerebrocerebellar大脑小脑的(cerebro大脑+erebellar小脑的)cerebroma脑瘤(cerebr大脑+oma肿瘤)biotic生命的(词根bio生物+形容词后缀-tic)antibiotic抗生素(前缀anti-抗+词根bio生物+名词后缀-tic )abiology非生物学(前缀a-无+词根bio生物+名词后缀-logy学)macrobian长寿的人(前缀macro-长/ 大+词根bi生物+名词后缀-an人)macrobiosis长寿(前缀macro-长/ 大+词根bi生物+名词后缀-osis)macrobiotic长命的(前缀macro-长/ 大+词根bio生物+形容词后缀-tic)microbiology微生物(前缀micro-微小+词根bio生物+名词后缀-logy学)symbiosis共生现象(前缀sym-共同+词根bi生物+名词后缀-osis)11. blast, blasto胚,芽blastoderm胚膜(词根blasto胚+名词后缀derm膜/ 皮)blastogenesis胚生(词根blasto胚+词根gen生长+名词后缀-esis )blastocyst胚囊(词根blasto胚+名词后缀-cyst囊)ectoblast外胚层(前缀ecto-外面+词根blast胚)entoblast内胚层(前缀ento-里面+词根blast胚)endoblast内胚层(前缀endo-里面+词根blast胚)epiblast上胚层(前缀epi-上面+词根blast胚)hematoblast血小板(词根hemato血液+词根blast胚)mesoblast中胚层(前缀meso-中间+词根blast胚)12. calc, calci钙,石(灰)calciferous含钙的(词根calci钙+词根fer带有+形容词后缀-ous)calcify钙化(词根calci钙+动词后缀-fy)calcification钙化作用(词根calci钙+抽象名词后缀-fication )calcium钙(词根calci钙+名词后缀-um )13. cardio心脏cardioaccelerator心动加速药(cardio心脏+accelerator加速器)cardioangiography心血管造影术(cardio心脏+angio血管+名词后缀graphy造影术)cardioarotic心主动脉的(cardio心脏+aortic动脉的)cardioarterail心动脉的(cardio心脏+arterail动脉的)cardiocyte心肌细胞(cardio心脏+cyte细胞)14. cephal头cephalitis脑炎(词根cephal头+名词后缀-itis发炎)hydrocephalous脑积水的(前缀hydro-水+cephal头+形容词后缀-ous )hydrocephalus脑积水(前缀hydro-水+cephal头+名词后缀-us)macrocephalic畸形大头的(前缀macro-大+cephal头+形容词后缀-ic)microcephalic畸形小头的(前缀micro-小+cephal头+形容词后缀-ic)mesocephalon中脑(前缀meso-中间+cephal头+名词后缀-on)15. cerebell, cerebello 小脑cerebellitis小脑炎(词根cerebelly小脑+名词后缀-itis发炎)cerebellofugal小脑传出的(cerebello小脑+fugal离开的)cerebellipetal传入小脑的(cerebell小脑+ipetal朝向的)cerebellospinal小脑脊髓的(cerebello小脑+spinal脊髓的)16. cerebr, cerebri, cerebro大脑cerebriform脑质样的(cerebri大脑+form形状)17. chlor, chloro氯,绿chlorine氯气(词根chlor氯+名词后缀-ine)chloride氯化物(词根chlor氯+名词后缀-ide化合物)chlorate氯酸盐(词根chlor氯+名词后缀-ate盐类)chlorite亚氯酸盐(词根chlor氯+名词后缀-ite盐类)chlorination氯化作用(词根chlor氯+名词后缀-ination )chloroform氯仿(词根chlor氯+名词后缀-form )chlorosis缺绿病(词根chlor氯+名词后缀-osis疾病)chloroma绿色瘤(词根chloro氯+名词后缀-oma肿瘤)chlorophyll叶绿素(词根chloro氯+名词后缀-phyll叶)oxychloride氯氧化物(前缀oxy-氧+词根chlor氯+名词后缀-ide化合物)hydrochloric氢氯酸的(前缀hydro-氢+词根chlor氯+形容词后缀-ic )18. cid, cis杀,切insecticide杀虫剂(词根insect虫+连接元音i+词根tide杀)vermicide杀蠕虫药(词根verm蠕虫+连接元音i+词根cide杀)microbicide杀微生物剂(词根microb微生物+连接元音i+词根cide杀)parasiticide杀寄生虫药(词根parasit寄生虫+连接元音i十词根cide杀)bactericide杀菌剂(词根bacter菌+连接元音i+词根cide杀)incise切开(前缀in-入内+词根cise杀)incision切口(前缀in-入内+词根cis杀+名词后缀-ion )incisor门牙(前缀in-入内+词根cis杀+名词后缀-or)excide切除(前缀ex-出/ 去+词根cide杀)excise切除(前缀ex-出/ 去+词根cise杀)excision切除(前缀ex-出/ 去+词根cis杀+名词后缀-ion )fungicide杀真菌剂(词根fung真菌+连接元音i+词根cide杀)19. cryo冻,冷cryobiology低温生物学(词根cryo冷+词根bio生命+名词后缀-logy学科)cryogen冷冻剂(词根cryo冷+词根gen产生)cryometer低温剂(词根cryo冷+名词后缀-meter测量器)cryosurgery冷冻手术(词根cryo冷+单词surgery手术)20. cyt, cyto细胞cytology细胞学(词根cyto细胞+名词后缀-logy学科)cytochemistry细胞化学(词根cyto细胞+单词chemistry化学)cytogenetics细胞遗传学(词根cyto细胞+单词genetics遗传学)leucocyte白细胞(前缀leuco-白+词根cyto细胞)leucocythemia白血病(前缀leuco白+词根cyt细胞+词根hemia血)21. derm, dermat皮肤dermatitis皮炎(词根dermat皮肤+名词后缀-itis发炎)dermatology皮肤学(词根dermat皮肤+连接元音o+名词后缀-logy学科)dermatoneuritis神经性皮炎(词根dermat皮肤+连接元音o+词根neur神经+名词后缀-itis 发炎)cerebrocentric大脑中枢的(cerebro大脑+centric中央的)cerebrocerebellar大脑小脑的(cerebro大脑+erebellar小脑的)cerebroma脑瘤(cerebr大脑+oma肿瘤)22. enter, entero肠dysentery痢疾(前缀dys-不良+词根enter肠+名词后缀-y )enteritis肠炎(词根enter肠+名词后缀-itis发炎)enterotomy肠切开术(词根enter肠+连接元音o+名词后缀-tomy切开术)enteron消化道(词根enter肠+名词后缀-on)enteralgia肠痛症(词根enter肠+名词后缀-algia疼痛)enterectomy肠切除术(enter肠+ectomy切除术)enterogastritis肠胃炎(词根enter肠+连接元音o+名词后级-itis发炎)enteroantigen肠抗原(entero肠+anti抗+gen原)enterobiliary肠胆管的(entero肠+biliary胆的)enterobacteriotherapy肠菌疫苗疗法(entero肠+bacterio细菌+therapy疗法〕23. febr, febri热febricity发热(词根febr热+名词后缀-icity)febrifuge退热药(词根febri热+词根fuge逃)antifebrile退热的(前缀anti-+词根febr热+形容词后缀-ile )24. fibr纤维fibrin纤维素(词根fibr纤维+名词后缀-in)fibroblast成纤维细胞(词根fibr纤维+连接元音o+词根blast细胞)fibrocyte纤维细胞(词根fibr纤维+连接元音o+词根cyte细胞)fibroid纤维样的(词根fibr纤维+形容词后缀-oid类似的)fibroma纤维瘤(词根fibr纤维+名词后缀-oma肿瘤)fibrositis纤维组织炎(词根fibr纤维+名词后缀os/ osis病+名词后缀-itis发炎)25. gastr, gastro胃gastrocardiac胃心的(gastro胃+cardiac心的)gastrocolitis胃结肠炎(gastro胃+col结肠+itis发炎)gastroenterology胃肠病学(gastro胃+entero肠+logy学)gastrology胃病学(gastro胃+logy学)gastroplasty胃成形术(gastro胃+plasty成形术)gastrotoxin 胃毒素(gastro胃+toxin毒素)26. gyn, gynec, gyneco妇女,雌gynecology妇科(词根gyneco妇女+名词后缀-logy学科)gynecologist妇科医生(词根gyneco妇女+名词后缀-logist专家)androgyny具有男女两性(词根andro男人+词根gyn妇女+名词后缀-y )polygyny一夫多妻制(前缀poly-多+词根gyn妇女+名词后缀-y )misogyny厌女症(前缀mis-厌恶+连接元音o+词根gyn妇女+名词后缀-y)philogyny喜爱妇女(前缀philo-喜爱+词根gyn妇女+名词后缀-y)monogyny一夫一妻制(前缀mono-一个+词根gyn妇女+名词后缀-y)27. hepat, hepato肝脏hepatalgia肝痛(hepat肝脏+algia)hepatitis肝炎(hepat肝脏+itis炎症)hepatobronchial肝支气管的(hepato肝脏+bronchial支气管的)hepatocyte肝细胞(hepato肝脏+cyte细胞)hepatomegaly肝肿大(hepato肝脏+megaly巨/ 大)28. hypn, hypno睡觉hypnology催眠学(词根hypno睡觉+名词后缀-logy学科)hypnotherapy催眠疗法(词根hypno睡觉+单词therapy疗法)hypnogenesis催眠(词根hypno睡觉+词根gen产生+名词后缀-esis )autohypnosis自我催眠(前缀auto-自我+hypn睡觉+名词后缀-osis )29. laryng, laryngo喉咙laryngitis喉炎(词根laryng喉咙+名词后缀-itis发炎)laryngologist喉科学家(词根laryngo喉咙+名询后辍-logis学家)laryngoscope喉镜(词根laryngo喉咙+名词后缀-scope镜)otorhinolaryngology耳鼻喉科(词根oto耳+词根hino鼻+laryngo喉咙+名词后缀-logy学科)30. lith, litho石头lithiasis结石病(词根lith石头+名词后缀-iasis疾病)lithoscopy结石检查(词根litho石头+名词后缀-scopy检查)lithotomy膀胱结石切除术(词根litho石头+名词后缀-tomy切除术)31. melan黑melanin黑色素(词根melan黑+名词后缀-in素)melanosis黑变病(词根meian黑+名词后缀-osis病)melanoma黑瘤(词根melan黑+名词后缀-oma瘤)melanuria黑尿病(词根melan黑+词根ur尿+名词后缀-ia病)32. myel, myelo髓myelalgia脊髓痛(myel髓+algia疼痛)myelatrophy脊髓萎缩(myel髓+atrophy萎缩)myelosis骨髓组织增生(myel髓+-osis疾病名称后缀)myelosuppressive骨髓抑制剂(myelo髓+suppressive抑制)33. my, myo肌myectomy肌部分切除术(my肌+ectomy切除)myoblast成肌细胞(myo肌+blast胚/ 芽)myesthesia肌肉感觉(my肌+-esthesia感觉)myocardiopathy非炎性心肌病( myo肌+cardio心+pathy病)myocyte肌细胞(myo肌+cyte细胞)myodystrophia肌营养不良( myo肌+dys不良+troph营养+-ia疾病名称后缀)34. necr, necro死, 死尸necrophobia恐死证(词根necro死+名词后缀-phobia恐俱)necroscopy验尸(词根necro死+名词后缀-scopy检查)necrosis坏死(词根necr死+名词后缀-osis疾病)35. nephr, nephro肾nephroblastoma肾母细胞瘤(nephro肾+blast胚/ 芽+oma肿瘤)nephrography肾造影术(nephro肾+graphy摄影)nephrohemia肾充血(nephro肾+hemia血液)nephromegaly肾肥大(nephro肾+megaly巨/ 大)nephroscope肾镜(nephro肾+scope镜)36. neur, neuro神经neuralgia神经痛(neur神经+algia疼痛)neurarthropathy神经性关节病(neur神经+arthro关节+pathy 病)neurasthenia神经衰弱(neur神经+asthenia衰弱)neuritis神经炎(neur神经+itis发炎)neurocyte神经细胞( neuro神经+cyte细胞)37. ocul眼睛oculist眼科医生(词根ocul眼睛+名词后缀-ist人)binocular双眼(前缀bin-双+词根ocul眼睛+形容词后缀-ar)monocular单眼(前缀mon-单+词根ocul眼睛+形容词后缀-ar)multocular多眼(前缀mult-多+词根ocul眼睛+形容词后缀-ar )subocular眼下的(前缀sub-下面+词根ocul眼睛+形容词后缀-ar)38. ophthalm眼睛ophthalmology眼科学(词根ophthalm眼睛+连接元音o+名词后缀-logy学科)ophthalmoscope检眼镜(词根ophthalm眼睛+连接元音o+名词后缀-scope镜)ophthalmia结膜炎(词根ophthalm眼睛+名词后缀-ia疾病〕 ophthalmitis眼炎(词根ophthalm眼睛+名词后缀-itis发炎)xerophthalmia干眼病(前缀xer-干燥+词根ophthalm眼睛+名词后缀-ia疾病)39. opt, ops, opi光,视optometer眼光器(词根opt视+连接元音o+名词后缀-meter 测量器)achromatopsia色盲(前缀a-无+词根chromat颜色+词根ops视+名词后缀-ia疾病)hemiopia半盲(前缀hemi-半+词根op视+名词后缀-ia疾病)hyperopia远视(前缀hyper-超过+词根op视+名词后缀-ia疾病)40. oste, osteo骨osteology骨学(词根osteo骨+名词后缀-logy学科)osteitis骨炎(词根oste骨+名词后缀-itis发炎)osteoarthritis骨关节炎(词根osteo骨+词根arthr关节+名词后缀-itis发炎)osteoma骨瘤(词根oste骨+名词后缀-oma瘤)periostitis骨膜炎(前缀peri-+词根ost骨+名词后缀-itis发炎)41. ot, oto耳otology耳科学(词根oto耳+名词后缀-logy学科)otologist耳科医生(词根oto耳+名词后缀-logist专家)otopathy耳病(词根oto耳+名词后缀-pathy疾病)otophone助听器(词根oto耳+单词phone电话)otorhinolaryngology耳鼻喉科(词根oto耳+词根rhino鼻+词根laryngo喉+名词后缀-Iogy 学科)otoscope耳镜(词根oto耳+名词后缀-scope检查镜)otolith耳石(词根oto耳+词根Iith石)otalgia耳痛(词根ot耳+词根algia疼痛)otitis耳炎(词根ot耳十名词后缀-itis发炎)parotitis腮腺炎(前缀par-在旁边+词根ot耳+名词后缀-itis发炎)42. pancreat, pancreato, pancreo胰(腺)pancreatoblastoma胰胚细胞瘤(pancreato胰+blast胚/ 芽+oma肿瘤)pancreatoid胰样的(pancreat胰+形容词后缀-oid状/ 样的)pancreatopathy胰病(pancreato胰+pathy病)pancreotherapy胰制剂疗法(pancreo胰+therapy疗法)pancreatitis胰腺炎(pancreat胰腺炎+itis发炎)43. path, patho, pathy疾病,感情,疗法pathology病理学(词根patho疾病+名词后缀-logy学科)pathogeny致病原因(词根patho疾病+词根gen产生+名词后缀-y )zoopathology动物病理学(词根zoo动物+词根patho疾病+名词后缀-logy学科)phytopathology植物病理学(词根phyto植物+词根patho疾病+名词后缀-logy学科)hippopathology马体病理学(词根hippo+词根patho疾病+名词后缀-logy学科)neuropathy神经病(词根neuro神经+词根pathy疾病)psychopathy心理病态(词根psycho心理+词根pathy疾病)apathy无感情(前缀a-无+词根pathy感情)antipathy厌恶(前缀anti-反对+词根pathy感情)sympathy同情(前缀sym-同+词根pathy感情)osteopathy骨病治疗法(词根osteo骨+词根pathy疗法)44. peps, pept消化pepsine消化素(词根peps消化+名词后缀-ine素)peptic消化的(词根pept消化+形容词后缀-ic)n.消化器官dyspepsia消化不良(前缀dys-不良+词根peps消化+名词后缀-ia疾病)dyspepsy消化不良(前缀dys-不良+词根peps消化+名词后缀-y )eupepsia消化良好(前缀eu-良好+词根peps消化+名词后缀-ia 疾病)45. phag吃dysphagia吞咽困难(前缀dys-不良+词根phag吃+名词后缀-ia疾病)hematophagous食血为生的(词根hemato血液+词根phag吃+形容词后缀-ous )phytophagous食植物为生的(词根phyto植物+词根phag吃+形容词后缀-ous)polyphagous杂食性的(词根poly多+词根phag吃+形容词后缀-ous )zoophagous肉食性的(词根zoo动物+词个即phag吃+形容词后缀-ous )46. pulmo, pulmon, pulmono肺pulmoaortic肺与主动脉的(pulmo肺+aortic主动脉的)pulmogram肺X线照片(pulmo肺+gram图/ 像)pulmonitis肺炎(pulmon肺+itis炎症)pulmonohepatic肺肝的(pulmono肺+hepatic肝的)47. rhin, rhino鼻rhinitis鼻炎(词根rhin鼻+名词后缀-itis发炎)rhinology鼻科科学(词根rhino鼻+名词后缀-logy学科)rhinalgia鼻痛症(词根rhino鼻+词根algia痛)rhinoplastic鼻造形术的(词根rhino鼻+词根plast造形+形容词后缀-ic)rhinoscope鼻镜(词根rhino鼻+词根scope检查镜)48. rrhag, rrhea流出diarrhea腹泻(前缀dia-通过/ 透过+词根rrhea流出)hemorrhage出血(词根hemo血液+词根rrhag流出)seborrhea脂肪溢(词根sebo/sebum脂肪+词根rrhea流出)logorrhea多言癖(词根logo言语+词根rrhea流出)dysmenorrhea月经不调(前缀dys-不良+词根meno月经+词根rrhea流出)bronchorrhagia支气管出血(词根broncho支气管+词根rrhag流出+名词后缀-ia疾病)gastrorrhagia胃出血(词根gastro+词根rrhag流出+名词后缀-ia疾病)pneumorrhagia肺出血(词根pneumo肺+词根rrhag流出+名词后缀-ia疾病)49. sarc, sarco肉sarcoma肉瘤(词根sarco肉+名词后缀-oma肿瘤)sarcophagous食肉性的(词根sarco肉+词根phag吃+形容词后缀-ous)hypersarcosis肉芽过多(前缀hyper-过多+词根sarc肉+名词后缀-osis疾病)osteosarcoma骨肉瘤(词根osteo骨+词根sarco肉+名词后缀-oma肿瘤)50. scler, sclero硬arteriosclerosis动脉硬化(词根arterio动脉+词根scler硬+名词后缀-osis疾病)scleroderma硬皮症(词根scler硬+词根derm皮肤+名词后缀-a疾病)sclerosis硬化症(词根scler硬+名词后缀-osis疾病)51. sect切割section切开/ 一部分(词根sect切割+名词后缀-ion )bisect平分(前缀bi-两个+词根sect切割)trisect三等分(前缀tri-三个+词根sect切割)dissect解剖(前缀dis-分开+词根sect切割)transect横切(前缀tran-横越+词根sect切割)vivisect活体解剖(词根vivi活+词根sect切割)52. somat, somato体,躯体somatology躯体学(somato躯体+logy学科)somatomegaly巨人症(somato躯体+megaly巨/ 大)somatopsychosis躯体性精神病(omato躯体+psych+osis病)somatosexual性发育体征的,(somato躯体+sexual性的)53. splen, spleno脾splenalgia脾神经痛(splen脾+algia疼痛)splenatrophy脾萎缩(splen脾+a无/ 非+trophy营养)splenemia脾充血(splen脾+emia血液)splenitis脾炎(splen脾+itis发炎)splenocyte脾细胞(spleno脾+cyte细胞)splenohepatomegaly脾肝肿大(spleno脾+ hepato肝+megaly巨/ 大)54. stom, stomat, stomato口腔stoma手术排放口(词根stom口腔+名词后缀-a )stomatology口腔学(词根stomato口腔+名词后缀-logy学科)stomatitis口腔炎(词根stomat口腔+名词后缀-itis发炎)stomatoscope口腔镜(词根stomato口腔+词根scope观察镜)enterostomy肠造口术(词根entero肠+词根stom口腔+名词后缀-y)55. therm, thermo温,热diathermia透热疗法(前缀dia-透过+词根therm热+名词后缀-ia)hypothermia体温过低(前缀hypo-低+词根therm热+名词后缀-ia )isothermal等温的(前缀iso-相等+词根therm热+形容词后缀-al)56. tom, tomy切割anthropotomy人体解剖(词根anthropo人体+词根tomy切割)appendectomy阑尾切除术(词根append阑尾+词根ec出去+词根tomy切割)tonsillectomy扁桃腺切除术(词根tonsil扁桃腺+词根ec出去+词根tomy切割)gastrotomy胃切开术(词根gastro胃+词根tomy切割)gastrectomy胃切除术(词根gastro胃+词根ec出去+词根tomy 切割)57. tox毒toxin毒素(词根tox毒+名词后缀-in素)toxicity毒性(词根tox毒+名词后缀-icity )toxaemia毒血症(词根tox毒+词根aem血+名词后缀-ia疾病)toxicide解毒药(词根tox毒+连接元音i+词根cide杀)antitoxin抗毒素(前缀anti抗+词根tox毒+名词后缀-in素)neurotoxic毒害神经的(词根neuro神经+词根tox毒+形容词后缀-ic)pyrotoxin热毒素(词根pyro热+词根tox毒+名词后缀-in素)58. ur尿uraemia尿毒症(词根ur尿+词根aem血+名词后缀-ia疾病)urologist泌尿学家(词根ur尿+连接元音o+名词后缀-logist学家)diuretic利尿的(前缀di-/dia-贯通+词根ur尿+形容词后缀-etic)dysuria排尿困难(前缀dys-不良+词根ur尿+名词后缀-ia疾病)glucosuria糖尿病(词根glucos糖+词根ur尿+名词后缀-ia疾病)melanuria黑尿病(词根melan黑+词根ur尿+名词后缀-ia疾病)oliguria少尿症(词根olig少+词根ur尿+名词后缀-ia疾病)polyuric多尿症(前缀poly-多+词根ur尿+名词后缀-ia疾病)59. vas, vaso管,血管vasoconstriction血管收缩(vaso血管+constriction血收缩)vasodilatation血管舒张(vaso血管+dilatation扩张)vasoneuropathy血管神经病(vaso血管+neuro神经+pathy疾病)vasoresection输精管切除术(vaso管+resection切除)vasosectivn输精管切断术(vaso管+section切断)vasospasm血管痉挛(vaso血管+spasm痉挛/ 抽搐)60. ven, vene, veni, veno静脉venesection静脉切开放血术(vene静脉+section切开)venesuture静脉缝术(vene静脉+suture缝合)venoclysis静脉输液(veno静脉+clysis补液/ 冲洗)venofibrosis静脉纤维化(veno静脉+fibr纤维+osis病状)61.verm, vermi蠕虫vermicide沙蠕虫药(词根verm蠕虫+连接元音i+词根cide杀)vermifuge驱虫药(词根verm蠕虫+连接元音i+词根fuge驱散)。
医学英语词根词缀Suffix Meaning Examplecardiac: pertaining to the heart -ac pertaining to心脏(病)的属于,关于medical: pertaining to medicine -al pertaining to molecular: pertaining to a molecule -ar pertaining to分子的ciliary: pertaining to the cilia pertaining to -ary睫毛的belonging to ,纤毛的,毛状的amylase: any enzyme that converts starch to sugar 酶-ase enzyme淀粉酶follicle: a small bodily cavity or sac -cle smallness小囊小,少,贫乏,小气,(头发的)毛囊auriscope: an instrument for examining the ear (仪器检-e an instrument查耳朵用的)耳镜laryngeal: pertaining to the larynx pertaining to -eal喉的, 喉音的phobia: abnormal fear condition; quality -ia 恐惧,害怕toxic: pertaining to toxin pertaining to-ic有毒的;因中毒引起的paediatrics: study of study of; name of a science -ics children, their developmentand diseases 儿科学insulin:-ine/insubstance 物质substance (hormone) produced by theislets of Langerhans in the pancreas胰岛素alcoholism: excessive drinking process or condition-ism of alcohol whichbecomes addictive 酒精中毒pharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in one who specializes in -ist thestudy of drugs ……精通于的人药理专家rhinitis: inflammation of the nasal passages inflammation refers to a part in -itis部位的炎症……鼻炎,鼻粘膜炎endometrium: inner lining of the uter子宫内膜relation to a whole; related to -(i)um ……与相关antitussive: a drug that suppresses coughing -ive characterizes by止咳药droplet: a tiny drop 小滴-let tiny; smalldevelopment: thing the result or product of an action -ment which develops or is being developed; action of becoming maturemucoid: resembling mucus -oid resembling; like粘液样的像middlethe in structure dense small the centriole: little; small-oleof the centrosome细胞中心粒;中心体-oma tumor; swelling refers to a doer dermatofibroma: fibrous tumor of the skin皮肤纤维瘤-or/-er either a person or thing receptor: a sensory nerve ending that responds tovarious stimuli感受器,受体-ory characterized by; pertaining to suspensory: which is hanging down悬吊式,悬带-ose sugar fructose: fruits sugar found in honey and somefruit 果糖-osis abnormal condition onychocryptosis: abnormal condition of a hiddennail 嵌甲-ous pertaining to poisonous: pertaining to poison; also containingpoison 有毒的,分泌毒素的-somes bodies ribosome: the body of nucleic acid核糖体-um structure; thing; substance magnesium: a white metallic chemical substance结构,物质镁(金属元素)-y condition; act; process dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutritionor metabolism 营养不良The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixes Suffix Meaning Example-algia pain; painful; condition arthralgia: pain in a joint 关节痛--ase enzyme protease: digestive enzyme 蛋白酶-blast embryo胚,胚胎,人类胚胎hemocytoblast: blast cell 血胚细胞,原始血细胞-carcinoma malignant tumor developing from adenocarcinoma: malignant tumor developing connective tissue 相关组织的恶性from glandular tissue 腺癌肿瘤-cele protrusion; distention突出;膨胀,esophagocele: abnormal distention of the延伸esophagus 食管突出-centesis surgical puncture 手术穿孔paracentesis: surgical puncture of a cavity for the aspiration of fluid 穿刺术-capnia carbon dioxide 二氧化碳acapnia: absence of carbon dioxide 血液二氧化碳缺乏-cide kill germicide: (substance) which can kill germs杀菌剂-clast cell phagocyte:cell, especially a white blood cell,which can surround and destroy other cells 噬菌细胞-dynia pain glossodynia: pain in the tongue 舌痛-ectasia/ expansion; dilation(膨胀,扩张) atelectasis: incomplete expansion of the lungs at-ectasis birth 肺不张-ectomy surgical excision or removal of gastrectomy: surgical removal of the stomach胃切除术thyroidthe when caused condition yxoedema: mserous of accumulation excessive -edemafluid 水肿gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone粘液腺瘤病,粘液水肿blood conditionleukemia: any of several malignant diseases where -emiaan abnormal number of leucocytes form in theblood 白血病vomiting 呕吐hematemesis: the vomiting of blood 咯血;吐血-emesis something that producedor pathogen: a microorganism -gen or agent capable ofprouducesproducing disease 病菌,病原体production 生产spermatogenesis: formation and development -genesis of spermatozoa in the testes精子发生protein蛋白质hemoglobin: -globin an iron-containing protein producedby erythrocytes 血红素knowledgediagnosis: the process of identifying the nature or -gnosispresence of a disease through knowledge andexaminationimage; pictureelectrocardiogram: a graphic -gram record of theelectrical activity of heart muscle or heartbeatused in the diagnosis of heart disease.Abbr. ECG and EKG. Syn. cardiogram心电图process of recording electocardiography: the process -graph(y)of making or记录过程recording electrocardiograms. Syn. cardiography心电图记录condition; state cholelithiasis: the formation of gallstones 胆石症-iasis情况,状况healing, -iatry/ frequently refers to a podiatry: treatment of foot disorders branch -iatrics of medicine 康复,常指医足部医疗学的一个分支stone cholelith: a gallstone; a stone formed -lith in thegallbladder 胆结石the study of cytology: the science study of cells -logy 细胞学one who studies and treats urologist: a physician who -logist specializes in the practice of urology 泌尿科医生breakdown, destruction hemolysis: the destruction or breakdown of -lysis red blood cells with release of hemoglobin溶血softening osteomalacia: softening of bone 骨软化-malaciaextreme -mania compulsion or kleptomania: a morbid, uncontrollable compulsion preoccupation强迫症to steal 盗窃癖giant acromegaly: -megalya condition in which there is anenlargement of the facial bones as well as those ofthe lungs 肢端肥大症measurement spirometry: -metry/ measurement of the volume of airinhaled and exhaled or the air capacity -meterof the)法(呼吸量测定),法(量测定)活(肺lungs-odynia cardiodynia: pain in the heart region 心痛,胸痛pain荷尔蒙,激素hormonewhich -oneregulates calcium balance parathormone:among the blood, bones, and teeth甲状旁腺激素myopia: being short-sighted 近视-opia a defect in the eye眼睛的毛病microscopictissue for -opsy to view biopsy: excision of livediagnosis活检sclerosis: abnormal hardening 硬化症-osis morbid condition病态的嗅觉丧失smell -osmia anosmia: loss of the sense of smellopeningan opening into gastrostomy: surgical construction of -ostomy process of making anfrom the surface of the abdomen into the stomachor a connection between胃造口术造瘘hypoxia: a low oxygen level or a lack of oxygen in-oxia level of oxygen氧水平组织缺氧body tissues disease; diseased condition -pathy ophthalmopathy: any eye disease眼病leukopenia: deficiency of leukocytes in the blood.-penia deficiencySyn. leukocytopenia白细胞减少症-pepsia digestion eupepsia: good digestion 消化良好肝--pexy a fixing or setting firmly in place by hepatopexy: surgical fixation of a displace liver suturing 缝合固定固定术吃,吞咽dysphagia: difficulty in swallowing吞咽困难-phagia/phageating; swallowingycellblood or white 吸引,具有吸引力的事物basophil: type of leucocyte -phil attraction 嗜碱性粒细胞which contains granules对外国人of strangers-phobia fear xenophobia: irrational fear的恐惧,憎恶ofor enlargement -plasia formation; development hyperplasia: overdevelopment增生,数量型肥大an organ or tissue 发声困难-phonia voice dysphonia: difficulty in speaking cytoplasm: jelly substance in the cellgrowth or substance of 细胞浆-plasm formation;formation骨整形术,-plasty surgical repair osteoplasty: surgical repair of the bone 骨成形术中风thermoplegia: heat or sunsrtoke热射病--plegia stroke; paralysis呼吸正常,平静呼吸breathing eupnea: normal breathing-pneahepatoptosis: abnormally low position of the livera falling, the dropping or sagging of --ptosis肝下垂an organ器官下移咳;melanoptysis: spitting of the spleen黑色痰液分散-ptysis spitting黑痰造血作production cells of blood -poiesis production hemopoiesis:用,生血作用during heavy 出血-rrhage/ bursting forth of blood menorrhagia: very bleeding-rrhagia 月经过多menstruation脾修补术surgical sewing or suturing -rrhaphy splenorrhaphy: suture of the spleen 液溢hydrorrhea:watery dischargeoverflow -rrhea-(o)rrhexissplitting or rupture 撕裂,破裂,疝amniorrhexis: rupture of the amniotic ac气羊膜破裂-sarcoma malignant tumor developing from liposarcoma: malignant tumor containing fat connective tissue 脂肪肉瘤-schesis a holding back; suppression of uroschesis: suppression of urine闭尿,尿潴留discharge阻碍;抑制排放-sclerosis a hardening dermatosclerosis: hardening of the skin硬皮病-scope instrument for viewing stethoscope: an instrument for performingmedicate ausculation听诊器-scopy process of examining visually hepatoscopy: examination of the liver 肝检查-spasm involuntary contraction angiospasm: sudden contraction of the muscles ina blood vessel血管痉挛-stasis suppression; stoppage; control; hemostasis: the arrest of bleedingarrest抑制,中止止血,止血法-stenosis abnormal narrowing of a duct or laryngostenosis: abnormal narrowing of the larynx canal管、道德异常狭窄喉狭窄-stomy surgical opening to the outside of colostomy: surgical operation to make an opening the body造口from the colon结肠造口术-tention pressure hypertention: high blood pressure 高血压-therapy treatment physiotherapy: treatment of disease by physicalmeans物理疗法--tion process hospitalization: the process of being hosipitalized住院-tocia labor; birth 生产embryotocia: abortion 流产-tome tool for incision arthrotome: instrument for cutting a joint关节刀-tomy process of cutting into gastrotomy: incision of the stomach 胃切开术-tropia turning 转弯,变向esotropia: turning inward of the eye内斜视-trophy nourishment or development of an dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition organ器官的营养、发育or metabolism营养不良-uria a condition of the urine(小便)dysuria: difficultly in passing urine 排尿困难-version turning eversion: a turning outward外翻,翻转Here is a table of the most commonly used prefixesPrefix Meaning Examplea-/an- without; not aphasia: the inability to understand written orspoken words or to speak meaningfully失语症ab- away from abortion: expulsion from the uterus流产ad- to; toward; near adnasal: near the nose 近鼻的acro- a point or tip acronyx: growing into the flesh嵌甲alb- white albino: a person lacking normal pigmentation白发病者amb-/ both ambisexual、bisexual: (person) who is sexuallyambi- attracted to both males and famales 双性恋amphi-/ both; both sides amphicentric: beginning and ending in the same起止同源的血管vesselampho-ana- up; back againanabolism: process of building up complexchemical substances on the basis of simpler ones合成代谢angioma: benign tumor formed of blood vessela blood vessel 血Angio-管瘤antenatal: during the period between ante- before conceptionand childbirth 出生前的,怀孕期的antidepressant: (drug) anti- against used to treat depression抗抑郁剂audiometry: science of testing hearinghearing; sound audi- 听力测定autoantibody: auto- selfantibody formed to attack thebody's own cells自身抗体bicellular: two cells两室的two; twicebi-biochemistry: chemistry living tissues生物化学bio- living organisms生命体bradycardia: slow rate of heart contraction, shown brady- slowby a slow pulse rate心动过缓carcinogen: a cancer-causing substancecarcinoma or cancercarcin- 癌;瘤致癌物cataract: condition where the lens of the eye downwards; under; against; cata-gradually becomes hard and opaque白内障along withcentimeter: unit of measurement of length(=one 百分之一centi- one hundredthhundredth of a meter)厘米consanguineous: blood relationshipco(n)- with or together 血亲的,血缘的,密切的contraception: prevention contra- against of pregnancy by usingdevices or drugs 避孕法,节育法decaffeinated: (coffee) de- removal or loss with the caffeine removed脱去咖啡因的decagram: ten grams 十克deca- tendeciliter: unit of measurement of liquid(=one tenth deci- tenthof a little)1/10公升diglossia: a double tongue使用两种语言twodi-diathermy: process of (treating) through heat dia- through; between; apart; across透热疗法disintegrate: to come to piecesreversal or separatedis- 分解,破裂dysarthrosis: deformity or malformation of a jointbad; difficult; disordered dys-关节变形echocardiography: ultrasonography of the heartsound echo- 心回波描记,超声心动描记术ecchondroma: benign tumor outside or outer ect-/ on the surface ofcartilage or bone外生软骨瘤ecto-enostosis: benign growth inside a bonein; within en- 内生骨疣endocardium: membrane which lines the heartendo- 心inside内膜表皮epidermis: outer layer of skinon; overepi-ery- rederythrocyte: mature non-nucleated red blood cell红细胞esotropia: turning inward of the eye内斜视inward; within(向内) eso-eugenics: study of how to improve the human race eu- goodby genetic selection优生学exhale: to breath out 呼出ex-/ exo- out ofextracapsular: outside a capsuleextra- outside 囊外的hemiplegia: severe paralysis affecting one side of hemi- halfthe body 偏瘫,半身麻痹,半身不遂hydrocele: collection of waterwatery liquid found in a hydro-cavity such as the scrotum阴囊积水hyperglycaemia: excess of glucose in the bloodhyper- higher or too much 高血糖症hypokalaemia: deficiency of potassium in the hypo- less or too littleblood 低血钾inbreeding: breeding between in- in or into a closely relatedmale and female 近亲交配incoherent: not able to speak in- notin a way whichmakes sense语无伦次infrapatellar: below or beneath the patella髌infra- below or beneathinterlobular: between lobulesinter- between 小叶间的intramedullary: inside the intra- inside bone marrow or spinalcord 髓内introvert: person who thinks itro- intoonly about himselfand his own mental state性格内向的人malfunction: abnormal working of mal- bad or abnormal an argan机器等运转失常;失灵;出现故障metaplasia: change of one tissue to another meta- changes化生,转化,组织变形microcyte: micro- very small abnormally small red blood cell小红细胞midcarpal: between the two rows of carpal bonesmiddle mid-腕骨间的milligram: unit of measurement of weight 毫克milli- one thousandthmiscarriage: spontaneous abortionerror or wrong mis- 流产multigravida: a woman who is multi- many pregnant and hasbeen pregnant at least twice before 经产孕妇nocturia: passing at night noct- abnormally large quantity ofurine when asleep in bed at night夜尿症nonagon: flat shape which has nine sides九边形nona- nine or the ninethoctan: every eight days八日热;每隔八日发一次eight octa-的odontology: teethodont-study of teeth and associatedstructures, and their disordersonco- tumours oncology: scientific study of new gowths肿瘤学mouthorolingual: pertaining to the mouth and tongue口oro-与舌的thickening pachysomia: condition where soft pachy- tissues of thebody become abnormally thick躯体肥厚against; pathologic repetitionpali-/ 病态palindromic: (disease) which recurs的重复palin- 复发的,再发的all pancytopenia: abnormal pan-/pant-/ depression of all thecellular elements of the blodd全血细胞减少症panto-similar to or near; changed or para- paralyse or paralyze: to weaken (muscles) so thatbeyond they cannot function使麻痹,使瘫痪five pen-/ pentosuria: excretion of pentoses in the urine戊糖尿penta-through percutaneous: done per- or administered through theskin经皮的,由皮的around pericystitis: inflammation of tissue peri- around thebladder膀胱周炎deformed pero- or defective畸形有缺陷peromelia: congenital deformity of the limbs的四肢不全drugs pharmacology: study of pharmaco- drugs or medicines, andtheir action, properties and characteristics药理学,药物学too many pleokaryocyte: condition where pleo-/ a greater thannormal number of cells in cerebrospinal fluidpleio- 多核细胞more pluriglandular: pertaining to pluri- or affecting severalglands多线性的air or the lungs; breathing pneum-/ pneumonia: inflammation of a lung肺炎pneunmo-touching many organs poly- polyphagia: condition where a patient eats toomuch; morbid desire for every king of food 多食症,杂食症after or later postprandial: after a meal 餐后的post-before of in front of premature: early or before the normal pre- time 过早的,早产old age presby- presbyopia: an old person's sight fails gradually老花眼before or in front of pro-/ prognosis: prediction of the outcome of a diseaselying on the back supin-/ 预测;预后bend forward pron-four quadruplet or quad: quadri-/ one of four babies born to afive/fifth mother at the same time四胞胎quint-ray or radiation radiotherapy: treating a disease radio- by exposing the放射疗法affected part to radioactivesemi- half semiptosis: the downward sagging of half or partof an organ 轻度睑下垂submucous: under the sub- undermucous membrane粘膜下层的;粘膜下的superalbuminosis: super- above; extremely abnormal increase of albumin白蛋白过多syndesmosis: joint where the ones are syn- with; joint tightlylinked by ligaments 韧带联合suprarenal: (situated) above a kidney 肾上腺supra- above; overtachycardia: rapid beating of the heart fast 心动过速tachy-tetracycline: antibiotic used to treat a tetra- fourwide rangeof bacterial diseases 四环素transmission: the transfer, as of trans- across; through; beyond a disease, fromone person to another 传染tricephalus: a fetus with three heads three三头畸胎tri-ultrasonics: the science dealing with beyond; excess ultra- ultrasonicsound waves 超声波学uniglandular: affecting only one gland 单腺的oneuni-xenograft: xen(o)- a graft of tissue strange; foreigntransplant between异种移植物animals of different species。
医学英语常用前后缀,医学英语词汇单词•a-[无,缺]▲anemia[贫血]▲atonia[无张力]▲asymptomatic[无症状的]▲amenorrhea[闭经]•ab-[分离]▲abduct [外展]▲abscision[切除]•acou (acu)-[听觉]▲acumeter [听力计]▲acouophone[助听器]•acro-[肢端]▲acromegaly[肢端肥大症]▲acromastitis[乳头炎]•ad (af, an)-[邻近,向上]▲adrenal [肾上腺]▲adaxial[近轴的]▲annexa[附件]•-ad[……侧]▲ventrad[向腹侧]▲cephalad[向头侧]•adeno-[腺]▲adenocyte[腺细胞]▲adenoidism[腺体病]•adipo-[脂肪]▲adiposis[肥胖症]▲adiponecrosis[脂肪坏死]•adreno-[肾上腺]▲adrenocorticoid[肾上腺皮质激素]▲adrenalin[肾上腺素]▲adrenal[肾上腺]•-aemia(emia)[血症]▲bacteremia[菌血症]▲leukemia[白血病]•-albi (albino)-[白色]▲albumin[白蛋白]▲albinism[白化病]•-algesia[痛觉]▲hypoalgesia[痛觉减退]•-algia[痛]▲arthralgia[关节痛]▲cephalgia[头痛]▲neuralgia[神经痛]•alkali-[碱]▲alkalosis[碱中毒]•alveo-[牙槽,小沟]▲alveolitis[牙槽炎]▲alveobronchiolitis[支气管肺泡炎] •ambi-[复,双]▲ambiopia[复视]▲ambivert[双重性格]•ambly-[弱]▲amblyopia[弱视]▲amblyaphia[触觉迟钝]•amylo-[淀粉]▲amyloidosis[淀粉酶]▲amylase[淀粉酶]•angio-[血管]▲angiography[血管造影术]▲angioedema[血管性水肿]▲angei tis[脉管炎]▲angiofibroma[血管纤维瘤]•ante-[前]▲antenatal[出生前的]▲anteflexion[前屈]•antero-[前]▲anterolateral[前侧壁]▲anteroventral[前腹侧]•anti-[抗,反]▲antibiotics[抗生素]▲antihypertensives[降压药]▲anticoagulant[抗凝剂]•rarchno-[蛛网膜]▲arachnoiditis[蛛网膜炎]•a rcho-[肛门,直肠]▲archorrhagia[肛门出血]▲archosyrinx[直肠灌注器]•arterio-[动脉]▲arteriospasm[动脉痉挛]▲arteriosclerosis[动脉硬化] •arthro-[关节]▲arthrocentesis[关节穿刺]▲arthrotomy[关节切开术]▲arthritis[关节炎]•-ase[酶]▲oxidase[氧化酶]▲proteinase[蛋白酶]•-asthenia[无力]▲myasthenia[肌无力]▲neurasthenia[神经衰弱]•audio(audito)-[听力]▲audiology[听觉学]▲audiometer[听力计]•auto-[自己]▲autoimmune[自身免疫]▲auto hemotherapy[自体血疗法]•bacilli-[杆菌]▲bacillosis[杆菌病]▲bacilluria[杆菌尿]医学全在.线提供•bacterio-[细菌]▲bacteriology[细菌学]▲bactericide[杀菌剂]•baro-[压力]▲barometer [压力计]▲baroreceptor[压力感受器]•bary-[迟钝]▲barylalia[言语不清]▲baryacusia[听觉迟钝]•bi-[双]▲bicuspid[二尖瓣]]▲bilateral[两侧的]•bili-[胆汁]▲bilirubin[胆红素]•bio-[生命]▲biology[生物学]▲biopsy[活检]•-blast[母细胞]▲spermatoblast[精子细胞]▲melanoblast[成黑色素细胞]▲osteoblast[成骨细胞]•brachy-[短]▲brachypnea[气短]▲brachydactylia[短指畸形]•brady-[迟缓]▲bradycardia[心动过缓]▲bradypsychia[精神不振]•broncho-[支气管]▲bronchoscopy[支气管镜检查]▲bronchiostenosis[支气管痉挛]▲bro nchitis[支气管炎]•bronchiolo-[细支气管]▲bronchiolectasis[细支气管扩张] •calci-[钙]▲calcification[钙化]▲calcicosilicosis[钙沉着症] •carbo-[碳]▲carbohydrate[碳水化合物]▲carbohaemia[碳酸血症] •carcino-[癌]▲carcinogen[致癌物]•cardio-[心,贲门]▲cardiotonics[强心剂]▲cardiop lasty[贲门成形术]•-cele[疝,肿物]▲omphalocele[脐疝]▲hysterocele[子宫脱垂]▲ophthalmocele[眼球突出] •celio-[腹]▲celialgia[腹痛]▲celioscopy[腹腔镜检查]•-centesis[穿刺]▲arthrocentesis[关节穿刺术]▲abdominocentesis[腹穿] •cephalo-[头]▲cephaloxia[斜颈]▲cephalopathy[头部疾病]▲cephalotomy[穿颅术] •cerebello-[小脑]▲cerebellitis[小脑炎]▲cerebellum[小脑]•cerebro-[大脑]▲cerebritis[大脑炎]▲cerebrology[脑学]•chemo-[化学]▲chemotherapy[化疗]•chloro-[绿,氯]▲chloroform[氯仿]▲chloromycetin[氯霉素]▲chlorophyll[叶绿素] •cholangio-[胆道]▲cholangitis[胆管炎]▲cholangiectasis[胆管扩张] •cholo-[胆]▲cholagogue[利胆剂]▲cholelithiasis[胆石症]▲cholecystitis[胆囊炎]▲cholesterol[胆固醇]•chondro-[软骨]▲chondrosarcoma[软骨肉瘤]▲chondrification[骨软化]•chromo-[色素] ▲cytochrome[细胞色素]▲chromo some[染色体]•-cide[杀……剂] ▲germicide[杀菌剂]▲aborticide[堕胎药]•circum-[周围] ▲circumoral[口周的]▲circumcision[包皮环切术] •coagulo-[凝固] ▲coagulant[凝血剂]•colo-[结肠] ▲colotomy[结肠切开术]▲coloptosis[结肠下垂]•colpo (coleo)-[阴道] ▲coleospastia[阴道痉挛] ▲co lposcope[阴道镜]•contra-[反,逆] ▲contraindication[禁忌证]▲contraceptive[避孕药]•counter-[反,逆] ▲counteragent[拮抗剂]▲conuterpoison[解毒剂]•cranio-[颅] ▲craniomalacia[颅骨软化]▲cranioclasis[碎颅术]•-cyst-[囊] ▲cystomy[膀胱切开术]▲dacryocyst[泪囊]•-cyte-[细胞] ▲lymphocyte[淋巴细胞]▲cytolysis[细胞溶解]•de-[除去] ▲detoxication[解毒]•dento[牙] ▲dentistry[牙科学]▲dentalgia[牙痛]•-derm-[皮肤] ▲epiderm[表皮]▲dermatology[皮肤病学]▲dermoplasty[皮肤成形术]•dextro-[右] ▲dextrocardia[右位心]▲dexiotropic[右旋的]•dis-[分离] ▲discission[分离术]▲disinfection[消毒法]•duodeno-[十二指肠] ▲duodenitis[十二指肠炎]▲duodenostomy[十二指肠造口术]•-dynia[痛] ▲acrodynia[肢体痛]▲urethrodynia[尿道痛]•dys-[异常] ▲dysfunction[功能不良]▲dyshormonism[内分泌障碍]▲dysuria[排尿困难]•-ectasis[扩张] ▲gastroectasis[胃扩张]▲aerenterectasia[肠胀气]▲bronchiectasia[支气管扩张]•-ectomy[切除术] ▲appendectomy[阑尾切除术]▲lipectomy[脂肪切除术]•-edema[水肿] ▲encephaledema[脑水肿]▲myxedema[粘液性水肿]•-emesia[呕] ▲hematemesia[呕血]▲helmi nthemesia[吐虫] •encephalo-[脑] ▲encephaloma[脑瘤]▲encephaledema[脑水肿]•endo-[内] ▲endocarditis[心内膜炎]▲endoscope[内窥镜]•entero-[肠] ▲enteritis[肠炎]▲enterovirus[肠病毒]•epi-[上,外] ▲epigastrium[上腹部] •erythro-[红] ▲erythromycin[红霉素]▲er ythroderma[红皮病]•esophago-[食管] ▲esophagoscope[食管镜]▲esophagitis[食管炎]•extra-[……外] ▲extracellular[细胞外的]▲extrasystole[额外收缩]•facio-[面] ▲facioplegia[面瘫]▲facioplasty[面部成形术]•-fast[耐] ▲acid-fast[抗酸的]▲uviofast[耐紫外线]•febri-[热] ▲febricula[低热]▲febrifacient[致热的]•feti-[胎儿] ▲feticulture[妊娠期卫生]▲fetometry[胎儿测量法]•fibro-[纤维] ▲fibroblast[成纤维细胞]▲fibrosis[纤维化]•fore-[前] ▲forebrain[前脑]▲forehead[前额]•-form[形状] ▲oviform[卵形的]▲granuliform[颗粒状的]•fungi-[真菌,霉菌] ▲fungicide[杀真菌剂]▲fungistasis[制霉菌作用]•gastro-[胃] ▲gastroptosis[胃下垂]▲gastroenteritis[胃肠炎]▲gastroscopy[胃镜检查]▲gastratrophy[胃萎缩]•-gen [原,剂] ▲glycogen[糖原]▲pathogen[病原体]▲androgen[雄激素]▲Estrogen[雌激素]•-genic[……性] ▲cardiogenic[心源性的]▲allergenic[变应反应]•giganto-[巨大] ▲gigantocyte[巨红细胞]▲gigantism[巨大症]•gingivo-[牙龈] ▲gingivitis[牙龈炎]▲gingivostomatitis[牙龈口腔炎]•glosso-[舌] ▲glossoplegia[舌瘫痪]•gluco-[糖] ▲glucoprotein[糖蛋白]▲glu cocorticoid[糖皮质激素]•glyco-[糖] ▲glycogen[糖原]▲glycouria[糖尿]•-grade[级,度] ▲centigrade[摄氏温度计]▲retrograde[逆行性]•-gram[克,图] ▲microgram[微克]▲electroencephalogram[脑电图]•-graph(y)[……仪(法)] ▲electrocardiogram[心电图]▲bronchography[支气管造影术]•gyneco-[妇女] ▲gynecology[妇科学]▲gynecopathy[妇科病]•hemo(hemato)-[血] ▲hemoglobin[血红蛋白]▲hematoma[血肿]•hemi-[半] ▲hemiplegia[偏瘫]▲hemicrania[偏头病]•hepato-[肝] ▲hepatitis[肝炎]▲hepatocirrhosis[肝硬化]▲hepatosplenomegaly[肝脾肿大]•hidro-[汗] ▲hyperhidrosis[多汗症]▲anhidrosis[无汗症]•histo-[组织] ▲histology[组织学]▲histomorphology[组织形态学]•holo-[全] ▲holonarcosis[全麻]▲holoenzyme[全酶]•homo-[同] ▲homotype[同型]▲homologue[同系物]▲homoplasty[同种移植术]•hydro-[水] ▲hydr opericardium[心包积水]▲hydrolysis [水解]•hypr-[高] ▲hypercalcemia[高钙血症] ▲hyperthyroidism[甲亢]•hypno-[睡眼] ▲hypnotics[安眠药]▲hypnotherapy[催眠疗法]•hypo-[低] ▲hypotension[低血压]▲hypoglycemia[低血糖]•hystero-[子宫] ▲hysterospasm[子宫痉挛]▲hy steroptosis[子宫下垂]•-ia[病] ▲melancholia[忧郁症]▲pyrexia[发热]•-iatrics[医学] ▲pediatrics[儿科学]▲geriatrics[老年病学]•-iatry[医学] ▲psychiatry[精神病学]▲pediatry[儿科学]•immuno-[免疫] ▲immunoglobulin[免疫球蛋白]▲immunotherapy[免疫疗法]•infra-[下] ▲i nfraorbital[眶下的]▲infrared[红外线]•inter-[间] ▲intervertebral[椎间的]▲intercellular[细胞间的]•intra-[内] ▲intravenous[静脉内的]▲intracranial[颅内的]▲intramuscular[肌肉内的]•-ist[家] ▲pathologist[病理学家]▲anatomist[解剖学家]•-itis[炎症] ▲ce llulitis[蜂窝织炎]▲myocarditis[心肌炎]•leuco (leuko)-[白] ▲leucorrhea[白带]▲leukocytosis[白细胞增多]▲leukemia[白血病]•lipo-(脂) ▲lipotrophy[脂肪增多]▲lipase[脂酶]•-lith[结石] ▲cholelith[胆结石]▲cholelithiasis[胆石症]•-logy[学] ▲terminology[术语学]▲Cardiology[心脏病学]•lumbo-[腰] ▲lumbosacral[腰骶部的]▲lumbago[腰背痛]▲lumbodynia[腰痛]•lympho-[淋巴] ▲lymphedema[淋巴水肿]▲lymphocytopenia[淋巴细胞减少]•-lysis(lytic)[松解,分解了] ▲aythrolysis[关节松解术]▲spasmolytic[解痉的]•macro-[大] ▲macroph age[巨噬细胞]▲macromolecule[大分子]•mal-[不良] ▲malnutrition[营养不良]▲malfunction[功能不全]•-megaly[巨大] ▲cardiomegaly[心扩大]▲cephalomegaly[巨头畸形] •meningo-[脑膜] ▲meningitis[脑膜炎]▲meningocephalitis[脑膜脑炎] •meno-[月经] ▲dysmenorrhea[痛经]▲m enopause[停经]•-meter[表,计] ▲spirometer[肺活量计]▲pyrometer[高温表]•-metry[测量法] ▲iodometry[碘定量法] •micro-[小] ▲micropump[微泵]▲microliter[微升]•mono-[单-] ▲mononucleosis[单核细胞增多]▲monomer[单体]•multi-[多] ▲multinuclear[多核的]▲multipara[经产妇]•myelo-[髓] ▲myelocele[脊髓膨出]▲myelocyte[髓细胞]•myo-[肌] ▲myocarditis[心肌炎]▲myofibroma[肌纤维瘤]•naso-[鼻] ▲nasoscope[鼻镜]▲nasitis[鼻炎]•neo-[新] ▲neoplasm[瘤]▲neomycin[新霉素]•nephro-[肾] ▲nephropathy[肾病]▲nephrosclerosis[肾硬变]•neuro-[神经] ▲neuroma[神经瘤]▲neurodermatitis[神经性皮炎]•non-[非] ▲non-electrolyte[非电解质]▲nonfetal[非致命的]•nulli-[无] ▲nullipara[未产妇]▲nulligravida[未孕妇]•nutri-[营养] ▲nutrition[营养]▲nutrology[营养学]•oculo-[眼] ▲oculist[眼科医生]▲oculus dexter[右眼]▲oculus sinister[左眼]•oligo-[少] ▲oligophrenia[智力发育不全] ▲oliguria[少尿]•-oma[肿瘤] ▲adenoma[腺瘤]▲osteoma[骨瘤]•onco-[肿瘤] ▲oncology[肿瘤学]•ophthalmo-[眼] ▲ophthalmocele[眼球突出]▲ophthalmoplegia[眼肌麻痹]•-osis[病] ▲cirrhosis[肝硬化]▲mycosis[霉菌病]•osteo-[骨] ▲osteomalacia[骨软化]▲osteoarthritis[骨关节炎]•oto-[耳] ▲otolith[耳石]▲otoplasty[耳成形术]▲otopyosis[耳化脓]•pa n-[全] ▲panimmunity[多种免疫]▲pantalgia[全身痛]▲pantatrophia[全身营养不良]•-para[产妇] ▲primipara[初产妇]▲nullipara[未产妇]•-pathy[病] ▲dermatopathy[皮肤病]▲Cardiomyopathy[心肌病]•pedia-[儿童] ▲pediatrician[儿科医师]▲pediatrics[儿科学]•-penia[减少] ▲leucopenia[白细胞减少]▲thrombopenia[血小板减少]•per-[经] ▲percutaneous[经皮肤的]•peri-[周围] ▲pericarditis[心包炎]▲perianal[肛周的]•pharmaco-[药] ▲pharmacokinetics[药代动力学] ▲physicochemistry[药典]•physio-[物理▲physiotheraphy[理疗]▲physicochem istry[物理化学]•-plasty[成形术] ▲angioplasty[血管成形术]▲homoplasty[同种移植]▲gastroplasty[胃成形术]•-plegia[瘫] ▲paraplegia[截瘫]▲hemiplegia[偏瘫]•pleuro-[胸膜] ▲pleuritis[胸膜炎]▲pleurocentesis[胸腔穿刺术]•-pnea[呼吸] ▲orthopnea[端坐呼吸]▲tachypnea[呼吸急促]•pneumo-[气,肺] ▲pneumothorax[气胸]▲pneumococcus[肺炎球菌]•poly-[多] ▲polyuria[多尿]▲polycholia[胆汗过多]•post-[后] ▲postpartum[产后]▲postoperation[术后]•pre-[前] ▲premenopause[绝经前期]▲premature[早搏]▲preload[前负荷]•pseudo-[假] ▲psudohypertrophy[假性肥大]▲psudomembranous[假膜的]•psycho-[精神,心理] ▲psychology[心理学]▲psychiatry[精神病学]•-ptosis[下垂] ▲nephroptosis[肾下垂]▲hysteroptosis[子宫下垂]•-ptysis[咯] ▲pyoptysis[咯脓]▲hemoptysis[咯血]•pyo-[脓] ▲pyorrhea[溢脓]▲p yosis[化脓]•radio-[放射] ▲radiotherapy[放疗]▲radiology[放射学]•recto-[直肠] ▲rectitis[直肠炎]▲rectectomy[直肠切除术]•retino-[视网膜] ▲retinitis[视网膜炎]▲retinodialysis[视网膜分离] •rhino-[鼻] ▲rhinitis[鼻炎]▲rhinorrhea[鼻漏]•-rrhagia[出血] ▲gastorrhag ia[胃出血]▲hemorrhage[出血]▲pneumorrhagia[肺出血]•-rrhaphy[缝合术] ▲neurorrhaphy[神经缝合术] ▲Vasorrhaphy[输卵管缝合术]•-rrhea[流出] ▲diarrhea[腹泻]▲menorrhea[月经]•schisto-[裂] ▲schistosomiasis[血吸虫病]▲schistoglossia[舌裂]•scirrho-[硬] ▲scirrhosarca[硬皮病]▲scirrhoma[硬癌]•sclero-[硬] ▲scleroderma[硬皮病]▲sclerometer[硬度计]•-scope(y)[镜,检查] ▲stethoscope[听诊器]▲otoscope[耳镜]▲proctoscopy[直肠镜检查法]•semi-[半] ▲semicoma[半昏迷]▲semiliquid[半流汁]•spondylo-[脊椎] ▲spondylopathy[脊椎病]•-stomy[造口术] ▲colostomy[结肠造口术]▲ilecolostomy[回结肠吻合术]•sub-[下,亚] ▲subacute[亚急性]▲subabdominal[下腹部的]•super-[在…上] ▲superficial[浅的]▲superoxide[超氧化物]•su pra-[上] ▲supraventricular[室上性的] ▲suprarenalism[肾上腺机能亢进] •tachy-[快] ▲tachycardia[心动过速]▲tachypnea[呼吸急促]•-therapy[治疗] ▲massotherapy[按摩治疗]▲pharmacotherapy[药物治疗] •thermo-[热] ▲thermometer[温度计]▲thermatology[热疗学]•thrombo-[血栓,血小板] ▲thrombolysis[溶栓]▲thrombocytopenia[血小板减少症]▲thrombosis[血]•-tomy[切开术] ▲tracheotomy[气管切开术]▲ovariotomy[卵巢切开术]•tracheo-[气管] ▲tracheoscope[气管镜]▲tracheorrhagia[气管出血]•trans-[经,转移] ▲transurethral[经尿道]▲transfusion[输血]•-trophy[营养] ▲dystrophy[营养不良]▲atrophy[萎缩]•ultra-[超过] ▲ultraviolet[紫外线]▲ultrasound[超声]•utero-[子宫] ▲uteroscope[子宫镜]▲uterotonic[宫缩剂]•vaso-[血管] ▲vasomotion[血管舒缩]▲Vasodilator[血管扩张剂]。
医学英语词根最终打印版Hessen was revised in January 20211.人体主要器官前缀名称通用名前(后)缀常用形容词示例心 heart cardiao - cardial cardium/ carditis/ cardiology脑 brain encepholo- cerebral cerebrum/ encephalitis/ encephalology肺 lung pulmo- pulmonary pulmontiis/ pulmonectomy/ pulmonology肝 liver hepato- hepatic hepatitis/ hepatobiliary/ hepatology胃 stomach gastro- gastric gastritis/ gastrointestinal/ gastrology胆 gallbladder chole- biliary holecystitis/ cholinergic/ cholecystectomy 肠 intestine entero- intestinal enteritis/ enterectomy/ enterology脾 spleen splen- splenic splenitis/ splenectomy/ splenology胰 pancreas pancreato- pancreatic pancreatitis/ pancreatectomy肾 kidney nephro- renal/ nephric nephritis/ nephropathy/ nephrology.与人体系统、器官有关的前(后)缀名称通用名前(后)缀示例血 blood hemo-/hemato hematology/ hemoglobin/ hematoma血管 vessel vaso- vasopressor/ cardiovasology/ verebrovascular静脉 vein veno- venography/ intravenous/ venoconstriction动脉 artery arterio- arteriology/ arteriole/ arteriosclerosis 肌 muscle myo- mycology/ myositis/ myocarditis髓 marrow myel-/myelo- myelocyte/ myelitis/ myeloma神经 nerve neur-/neyro- neurology/ neuritis/ neuron细胞 cell cyto-/-cyte cytology/ cytoma/ leukocyte尿 urine uro-/ur- urology/ urosurgery/ urogenital体 body somato-/some somatology/ somatopsychic/ chromosome3.与数字有关的前缀数字前缀示例一(单) mono-/uni- monomer/ monoclone/ carbon monoxide/ unidirectional二 bi-/di- bilateral/ biphasiccarbon dioxide/dipeptide三 tri- trilateral/ triphasic/ trigeminal nerve四 tetra- tetramer/ tetracycline/ tetraplegia五 penta- pentagon/ pentachromic/ pentachloride六 hexa- hexachromic/ benzene hexachloride(666)/ hexacycliccompiund七 hepta- heptachromic/ heptaploid/ heptavalent八 octa- octahedral/ octal system九 nona- nonapeptide/ nonagon十 deca- d ecade/ decagram/ decaliter注:十位数的表示一般为:个位数前缀+deca,如:hexadecanol(十六烷醇),tetradecapeptidegastrin(十四肽胃泌素), octadecanoic acid(十八烷酸)4.颜色及与颜色有关的前缀颜色通用名前缀示例色 color chrom-/chromo- chromosome/ chromatin/ chromatometer红 red erythro- erythrocyte/ erythrocyturia/ erythrometer 白 white leuko- leukocyte/ leukemia/ leukocytuira黑 black melano- melena/ melanoma/ melanoderma黄 yellow xantho- xanthopsin/ xanthosis/ xanthoma绿 green棕 brown brown mixture/ brown ring橙 orange Victoria orange/ ethyl orange/ orange G粉红 pink oink frothy sputum绯红 crimson青铜 bronzed bronzed diabetes蓝 blue cyan-/cyano cyanosis/ cyanopsia/ cyanemia紫 violet/ purple注:有些病名的“蓝”“紫”“青”为同义,其前缀都为“cyano-”.5.与疾病和疾患有关的前(后)缀(1)含义前(后)缀形容词示例病 patho- pathogen/ pathology/ pathogenesis/-pathy -pathic neuropathy/ nephropathy/ adenopathy病态 -osis –otic neurosis/ tuberculosis/ schistosomiasis增多 leukocytosis/ erythrocytopenia/ granulocytosis减少 -penia -penic leukocytopenia/ erythrocytopenia/ granulocytopenia无 a-/an- atypical/ anuria/ agranulocytopenia小/微 -let droplet/ platelet/ leafletmicro- microscopy/ microorganism/ micronucleus大/巨 macro- macroscopic/ macronucleus/ macrophage-megaly splenomegaly/ acromegaly/ hepatomegaly复合/多 poly- polyuria/ polymer/ polyopia全/泛 pan- pancolectomy/ panmyelosis/ pandemic6.与疾病和疾患有关的前(后)缀(2)含义前(后)缀示例相反 dis- disease/ disorder/ disability 困难/障碍 dys- dysfunction/ dyspepsia/ dyspnea不良 mal- malfunction/ malnutrition/ malpractice炎症 -itis appendicitis/ bronchitis/ arthritis瘤/块 -oma lymphoma/ adenoma/ hematoma血症 -emia leukemia/ septisemia/ bacteremia痛 -algia/-algesia/alge-/algo- analgesia/ hypoalgesia/ algometer麻痹 -plegia hemipleia/ pamplegia/ myoplegia流出 -rrhea diarrhea/ hypermenorrhea/ rhinorrhea坏死 -necrosis /necro-/necr- hepatonecrosis/ myonecrosis/ necrospermia结石 litho-/-lith lithiasis/ lithogenesis/ cholelithes7.与方位有关的前缀含义通用词前缀示例上 upper/superior pi-/supra- epidemic/ epithelium/ supracostal下 lower/inferior nfra-/sub- infracostal/ subclavicular/ subcutaneous前 front/anterior/prior fore-/ante- /pre- forehead/ anteroposterior/ precirrhosis后 back/posterior post-/retro- posthepatic/ postprandial/ retrocardiac内 inner/internal in-/endo-/ento- inhalation/ endoscopy/ entocranial外 outer/external ex-/exo- extract/ excretion/ exocardial间 between inter- intermuscular/ intercostal/ intercourse旁/副 on the side of para- parathyroid/ paraprotein/ pararenal周 around peri- perioperative/ pericarditis/ peritoneum中心 central centri-/centra- /centro- centrifugation/ centralize/ centronucleus反/对 opposite counter-/contra- counterpart/ countershock/ contraindication 注:in vivo/in’vaivou/活体内; in vitro/in vaitrou/活体外或试管内;in situ/in’saitju:/原位8.与外科手术有关的前(后)缀含义前(后)缀示例切除 -ectomy appendectomy/ gastrectomy/ splenectomy切开 -tomy tracheotomy/ hysterotomy/ craniotomy切(割) -tome tracheotome/ thoracotome吻合 -stomy duodenoenterostomy/ gastroesophagostomy成形术 -plasty tracheoplasty/ osteoplasty/ myoplasty整(矫)形 ortho- orthopedics/ orthopod/ orthotherapy造影 -graphy angiography/ nephrography/ phlebography经… trans- transdominal/ translateral/ transurethral注: ortho-也是“正”“原”的前缀,如:ortho-acid(正酸)-graphy为方法,如:electrocardigraphy心电图检查术;graph为仪器,如:electrocardigraph心电图机;gram为图象,文字,如:electrocardiogram心电图记录。
hemo/hamato/emia血serum血清angi/ascule血管vas/vessel/angio脉管ventricle心室valve心瓣膜pericardium心包viscera内脏histo组织aden腺arthr/articulo关节fascia筋膜os/osteo骨chondro/cartilage软骨d iaphysis骨干crani颅骨carpals腕骨condyle/malleolus髁scapula肩胛骨clavicle锁骨ischium坐骨pubis耻骨femur股骨patella髌骨cephal头blepharo/palpebro眼睑o phthalmo眼cilia睫毛kearto/corneo角膜sclera巩膜uve葡萄膜scotoma盲点pinna耳廓myringo/ear 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tome/tomy/verse切cision切opsy看logy学习phil吸引lysis破坏/分离duct指向/携带nea/pnea呼吸systole/constric收缩rhea流动uresis尿尿ischo缺rrhea流动jacul射graph/gram X线摄影stigma/point指向crit/lysis分离abduct外展adduct内收irradiate照射morbidity发病accommodate调节coafulate凝固《医学英语词根词汇》全书整理,有plegia/palsy/paralys chalasis/tosis/prolapse脱垂thoraco/pectoris/stetho胸部tocia/para/partum/na orcho/testicle/didym/testis睾丸perineo/episio/perineum/culva会阴gen/genesis/plasia生成plasia/poiesis/genesis/fication/gen生成动词疾病状态方位指向oma/carcino/onco/kel肿瘤/肿块头面部组织adipo/lipo/steato/li 神经abdomen/aparo/ventro/abdomino/laparo/celio腹convolution/gyrus/guri脑回消化颈胸部生殖sinoatrial node窦房结atelo/myelo/myelo/spinal/medullo髓循环骨骼a/an/oligo/de缺少dia完全的/彻底的hyper充足的hypo缺乏的proximal/brachy邻近的acro极端的/高处ole/cle小的oid…样的brady慢的contra对侧的eu好的dys/mal坏的eosino酸性的baso碱性的pseudo假的tele远的gyneco女性的andro雄性的poikilo异性的pia柔软的primi初次的spherce球形的terato畸形的oxia含氧的melano黑色的tropic促…的(激素)mimetic拟…的(药物)adjuvant辅助的in vitro在体外的in vivo在体内的stereo立体的parietal壁的theumatic风湿性的squamous鳞状的vitreous玻璃状的striated纹状的mono单个的bi/duo/diplo成双的quadri四个的leuk/albino白色的efferent传出的afferent传入的bio生命体plasm物质psyche精神physio生理hydro/aqueo水ase酶gl(y/u)co糖stinum=(纵)隔calyx杯、盏fungus/myco/phyto真菌c occi/coccus球菌bacilli杆菌antrum窦nucleo/karyo核metrio内膜stroma基质karyo染色体glial胶质echo回声gait步态astro星形trigone三角区interstitia间质parenchyma实质muta/mutation突变immuno免疫fossa/fovea/pit窝lumen腔gonio/angle角uria尿isthmus峡部thermy热tono张力baro重量压力gonad性腺cicatrix瘢痕melanin黑色素pigment/chromato色素globin蛋白pilo/tricho毛发rhabdo横纹肌fissure裂纹外科名词ostomy造口术curettage刮除术version倒转术(心律)desis固定术cryocauterization冷烙术castration阉割aspiration吸引术trephination环锯术ic…的alose ent oidsisuscataract白内障diplopia复视dysphonia发音困难glaucoma青光眼acromegaly指端肥大症g oiter甲状腺肿cretinism克汀病diabetes 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eal oid...样的ary ticismgealhemianopia偏盲nyctalopia夜盲症nystagmus眼球震颤strabismus斜视tinnitus耳鸣diabetes mellitus糖尿病dwarfism侏儒症exophthalmus突眼征gigantism巨人症kyphosis驼背empyema脓胸angina心绞痛purpura紫癜ecchymosis/petechiae tuberculosis结核hemophilia血友病thalassemia地贫amyotrophic latera acanthosis棘皮病uremia尿毒症kernicterus核黄疸aphaso失语症apoplexy中风apraxia失用症varices血管曲张ascites腹水pneumothorax气胸sidero铁calfi钙iodine碘kal/pokassium钾nitrogen氮eczema湿疹bulla大疱comedo黑头sebaceous皮脂腺nevus痣adrenal肾上腺aldosterone醛固酮calcitonin降钙素catecholamine儿茶酚cholecystokinin胆囊estrogen雌激素gastrin胃泌素glucagon胰高血糖素glucocorticoid糖皮progesterone孕酮norepinephrine去甲肾p arathormone甲状旁腺激somatotropin生长激steroid类固醇testosterone睾酮pyrimidine嘧啶thymine胸腺嘧啶mitosis有丝分裂chromosome染色体ribsome核糖体meconium胎粪peristalsis蠕动mastication咀嚼emul/sification乳化flatus胃肠气屁bilirubin胆红素catabolism分解代谢anabolism合成代谢sphincter括约肌auscultation听诊percussion叩诊orthopnea端坐呼吸crepitation捻发音thrombocyt/platelet血小phenylketon苯丙酮酸phoresis电泳capnia/anthraco二氧化碳cirrh/luteum/xantho黄色的kinetic/cine/motioacous/cusis/hearing听力pheochromocytoma嗜phenylketonuria苯丙酮尿症atrio/atrium心房ligament/syndes lemma/syno膜synovo滑膜tendon/teno肌腱ulna尺骨illiac髂骨phalanges趾骨conjunctiva结膜oto/auro耳maxillo下颌ceco盲肠thym/thymus胸腺spermato精子cerebellum小脑turcica蝶鞍stenosis狭窄spad/bifida裂开polyps息肉infarct梗塞concussion震荡petechiae瘀斑dipsia渴susception吸收thesis放置phagia/phago吞咽mito延伸audio听symphysis联合sis舒张膨胀s/metri子宫e皮肤表皮phalo大脑para异常的cryo冰的neo新生的orthro/rhabdo直的(矫正)gravis严重的leio平滑的stratified分层的exanthematous1疹的pernicious恶性的congenital先天异常的mucosa黏膜lymph淋巴topia位置medulla髓质lexia阅读motion运动stra/stratum层opia/optal/vision视力stridor喘鸣crystal晶体myx/mucus粘液黏液extraction移除/摘除术ousoma嗜铬细胞瘤decubitus褥疮pemphigus天疱疮chorea舞蹈病lupus erythematosus狼疮phosphorus磷natre/sodium钠phimosis包茎luteinizing hormone黄体素renin血管紧张肽原酶prostaglandin前列腺素mitochondria线粒体borborygmus腹鸣。
医学英语词汇的词根记忆法医学专业英语词汇往往都比较长,这心然会给广大医务工作者记忆单词带来极大的困难。
英语单词的构词规律也是有规可寻的。
单词是由词素构成的,词素派生出词义。
单词的数量虽然浩瀚,但构成其的词素的数量却是有限的。
如果掌握了词素,懂得基本的构词方法,就能容易地识记单词,突破记忆单词这一难关。
【A】Ⅰ,a-一个aneurism动脉瘤(一个扩大的动脉状态)a + neur + ism∣ ∣∣一个扩大状态Ⅱ,an-无anoxemia缺氧血症an + ox + emia∣ ∣∣无氧血症Ⅲ,atri- atrio- 心房1,atrial 心房的 5,atriotome 心房切开刀atri + al atrio + tome︱︱︱︱心房 a.suf 心房 (切开)刀2,atrium 心房 6,atriotomy 心房切开术atri + um atri + otomy︱︱︱︱心房 n.suf 心房切开术3,atriocarotid (心)房颈动脉的 7,atrioventricular 房室的atrio + carotid atrio + ventricul + ar︱︱︱︱︱心房颈动脉的心房室 a.suf(与…有关的) 4,atrioseptopecy 房间隔修补术atrio + septo + pexy︱︱︱心房间隔修补术Ⅳ,arter-,arteri-,arteria-,arterio-动脉1,artery动脉arte + ry︱︱动脉 n.suf(名词后缀)(arter-中的r被去掉了)2,arterial动脉的arteri + al︱︱动脉 a.suf(…的)(形容词后缀)3,arteriarctia 动脉缩窄arteri + arct + ia︱︱︱动脉缩窄病4,arteriectasia 动脉扩张arteri + ectas + ia︱︱︱动脉扩张病5,arteriectomy 动脉切除术arteri + ectomy︱︱动脉切除术7,angiochondroma血管软骨瘤angio+chondr+oma︱︱︱血管软骨瘤(angei-中的i被去掉了)8,angiodermatitis皮血管炎angio+dermat+itis︱︱︱血管皮炎9,angiolipoma血管脂肪瘤angio+lip+oma︱︱︱血管脂肪瘤(angi-不的I被去掉了)10,angioneuromyoma血管神经肌瘤angio+neuro+my+oma︱︱︱︱血管神经肌瘤11,angioparalysis血管麻痹病angio+paraly+sis︱︱︱血管麻痹病Ⅴ,asthma-气喘1,asthma气喘2,asthmatic气喘的asthmat+ic︱︱气喘a.suf(…的)Ⅵ,ather-athero-粥样的1,atheroma 粥样(粉)瘤ather + oma︱︱粥样(粉)瘤2,atherogenesis 粥样硬化形成athero + gene + sis︱︱︱粥样产生病(指硬化)3,atherogenic 致粥样硬化的athero + gen + ic︱︱︱粥样致a.suf(…的)4,atheromatosis 粥样硬化病athero+matosis︱︱粥样病5,atheronecrosis 粥样坏死athero+necro+sis︱︱︱粥样坏死病6,atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化athero + sclero + sis︱︱︱粥样硬化病7,atherosis 粥样硬化athero + sis︱︱粥样病Ⅶ,angei-,angi-,angio- 血管1,angeitis脉管炎 7,angiochondroma血管软骨瘤angei + itis angio+chondr+oma∣ ∣︱︱︱血管炎血管软骨瘤(angei-中的i被去掉了)2,angiectasis血管扩张 8,angiodermatitis皮血管炎angi + ectasis angio+dermat+itis∣ ∣︱︱︱血管扩张血管皮炎3,angitis脉管炎 9,angiolipoma血管脂肪瘤ang + itis angio+lip+oma∣ ∣ ︱︱︱脉管炎血管脂肪瘤(angi-不的I被去掉了)4,angioblast成血管细胞 10,angioneuromyoma血管神经肌瘤angio + blast angio+neuro+my+oma∣ ∣︱︱︱︱血管成…细胞血管神经肌瘤5,angiocardiography心血管造影术11,angioparalysis血管麻痹病angi + cardio + graphy angio+paraly+sis∣ ∣ ∣ ︱︱︱血管心脏照相术血管麻痹病6,angiocardiopathy心血管病angio+cardio+pathy︱︱︱血管心病【B】Ⅰ,bi-1,bicuspid 二尖瓣,二尖瓣的 2,bigemina 二联脉bi+cuspid bi + gemin + a︱︱︱︱︱二尖(瓣) 二成对 n.sufⅡ,brady- 徐缓、迟缓1,bradycardia 心动过缓 3,bradydiastole 心舒张期延长brady + cardia brady+diastole︱︱︱︱过缓心(动) 延长舒张期2,bradycrotic 脉搏徐缓的brady+crotic︱︱徐缓脉搏的【C】Ⅰ,capil-, capillar-, capillar-, capillari-, capillaro- 毛细(血管) 1,capillary 毛细血管的 5,capillariomotor 毛细血管运动capill + ary capillario+motor︱︱︱︱毛细血管 a.suf(与…有关的) 毛细血管运动2,capillarectasis 毛细血管扩张 6,capillarioscopy 毛细显微镜检capillar + ectasis capillario+scopy︱︱︱︱毛细血管扩张毛细镜检查3,capillaritis 毛细管炎 7,capillaropathy 毛细管病capillar+itis capillaro+pathy︱︱︱︱毛细炎毛细管病4,capillarity 毛细现象或作用capillari + ty︱︱毛细 n.suf(表特性)Ⅱ,cardia-, cardio- 心1,cardiac 心的 7,cardiant 心兴奋剂cardi + ac cardi + ant︱︱︱︱心a.suf( …的) 心药剂(医学上)(cardia-中的a被省略)2,cardialgia 心痛,胃灼痛 8,cardiasthma 心性喘息cardi + algia cardi + asthma︱︱︱︱心,胃痛心喘息3,cardiamorphia 心畸形 9,cardiovascular 心血管的cardia + morphia cardio + vascul + ar︱︱︱︱︱心形态病心血管 a.suf4,carditis 心炎 10,cardiophonography 心音图card + it is cardio+phono+graphy︱︱︱︱︱心炎心血管 a.suf5,cardiogenic 心原性的 11,cardiopulmonary 心肺的cardio + gen + ic cardio+pulmon+ary︱︱︱︱︱︱心原 a.suf心肺 a.suf6,cardiomegaly 心肥大cardio+megaly︱︱心肥大Ⅲ,catherter 导管catheterization 导管插入catheter+iz+ation︱︱︱导管化 n.sufⅣ,circula- 循环circulation 循环circula + tion︱︱循环 n.suf(表抽象含义)Ⅴ,coron- 冠状coronary 冠状的coron + ary︱︱冠状 a.sufⅥ,cyan-, cyano-, cyanot-, 青紫、绀、蓝、氰1, cyanamide氰酰胺 3, cyanotic青紫的,紫绀的cyan + amide cyanot + ic∣ ∣ ∣∣氰酰胺青紫a.suf(…的,属…的)2, cyanosis紫绀cyano + sis∣ ∣绀病态。
a- not, without, lessab- from, away from, offabs- from, away from, offad- increase, adherence, motion toward, very-ad toward, in the direction of, -wardalge- painalgesi- painalgio- painalgo- painambi- around, on (both) sides, on all sides, both amyl- starch, polysaccharide nature or origin amylo- starch, polysaccharide nature or origin an- not, without, -lessana- up, toward, apartante- beforeanti- against, opposing; curative; an antibody apo- separated from, derived fromarteri- arteryarterio- arteryarthr- a joint, an articulationarthro- a joint, an articulation-ase an enzyme-ate a salt or ester of an “ic” acidaut- self, sameauto- self, samebacteri- bacteriabacterio- bacteriabi- twice, doublebio- lifeblasto- budding by cells or tissuebronch- bronchusbronchi- bronchusbroncho- bronchuscarcin- cancercarcino- cancercardi- the heart; esophageal opening of stomach cardio- the heart; esophageal opening of stomach cata- downcephal- the headcephalo- the headchem- chemistrychemo- chemistrychlor- green; chlorinechloro- green; chlorinechol- bilechondrio- cartilage; granular; grittychrom- colorchromat- colorchromo- color-cidal killing, destroying-cide killing, destroyingcis- on this side, on the near sideco- with, together, in association, very, complete col- with, together, in association, very, complete com- with, together, in association, very, complete con- with, together, in association, very, complete cor- with, together, in association, very, complete carni- craniumcranio- craniumcry- coldcryo- coldcycl- a circle, a cycle; the ciliary bodycyst- the bladder; the cystic duct; a cystcysti- the bladder; the cystic duct; a cystcysto- the bladder; the cystic duct; a cystcyt- cell-cyte cellcyto- celldactyl- the fingers, the toesdactylo- the fingers, the toesde- away from, cessationderm- skinderma- skindermat- skindermato- skindermo- skindextr- right, toward or on the right side dextro- right, toward or on the right sidedi- separation, taking apart, reversal, not, un- dif- separation, taking apart, reversal, not, un- dir- separation, taking apart, reversal, not, un- dis- separation, taking apart, reversal, not, un- duodeno- the duodenum-dynia paindynamo- force, energydys- bad, difficultect- outer, on the outsideecto- outer, on the outsideencephal- the brainencephalo- the brainend- within, innerendo- within, innerenter- the intestinesentero- the intestinesepi- upon, following, subsequent toergo- workerythr- red, rednesserythro- red, rednessesthesio- sensation, perceptioneu- good, wellex- out of, from, away fromexo- exterior, external, outwardextra- without, outside offerri- the presence in a compound of a ferric ion ferro- metallic iron, the divalent ion (Fe 2+)fibr- fiberfibro- fiber-form in the form or shape ofgalact- milkgalacto- milk-gen producing, coming to be; precursor of gloss- the tongueglosso- the tonguegluco- glucoseglyco- sugarsgnath- the jawgnatho- the jaw-gram a recordinggranul- granular, granulegranulo- granular, granule-graph a recording instrumentgyn- womangyne- womangyneco- womangyno- womanhem- bloodhema- bloodhemat- bloodhemato- blood]hemi- one-halfhemo- bloodhepat- the liverhepatico- the liverhepato- the liverhidr- sweathidro- sweathist- tissuehistio- tissuehisto- tissuehydr- water; hydrogenhydro- water; hydrogenhyper- excessive, above normalhypo- beneath; diminution, deficiency; the lowest hyster- uterus; hysteria; ;late, following-ia a condition-iasis a condition, a state-ic pertaining to-ics organized knowledge, practice, treatment ileo- the ileum (回肠)infra- belowinter- between, amongintra- withinirid- the irisirido- the irisischi- the ischium (坐骨)ischio- the ischium-ism condition, disease; a practice, doctrine -ismus spasm; contractioniso- equal, like; “isomer of”; sameness-ite the nature of, resembling-ites -y, -like-itides plural of –itis-itis inflammation (炎症)karyo- nucleuskerat- the comea (角膜)kerato- the comeakin- movementkine- movementkinesi- motionkinesio- motionkineso- motionkino- movementlact- milklacti- milelacto- milklaryng- the larynx (喉)laryngo- the larynxlatero- lateral, to one side, a side-lepsis a seizure-lepsy seizurelepto- light (轻), slender (细), thin (薄), frail (弱) leuk- whiteleuko- whitelinguo- tonguelip- fat, lipidlipo- fat, lipidlith- a stone, calculus, calcificationlitho- a stone, calculus, calcification-log speech, wordslog- speech, words-login study of; collectinglogo- speech, words-logy study of; collectinglymph- lymphlympho- lymphlys- lysis, dissolutionlyso- lysis, dissolutionmacr- large; longmacro- large; longmast- breastmasto- breastmeg- large, oversize; one millionmega- large, oversize; one millionmegal- largemegalo- large-megaly largemelan- blackmelano- blackmening- meninges (脑脊膜)meningo- meningesmes- middle, mean, intermediacy; mesentery (肠系膜) meso- middle, mean, intermediacy; mesenterymeta- after, behind; joint action, sharingmicr- smallness; one-millionth; microscopicmicro- smallness; one-millionth; microscopicmon- singlemono- singlemorph- form, shape, structuremorpho- form, shape, structuremyx- mucus (粘液)myxo- mucusnecr- death, necrosisnecro- death, necrosisnephr- the kidneynephro- the kidneyneur- a nerve, the nervous system neuri- a nerve, the nervous system neuro- a nerve, the nervous system oculo- eye, ocularodont- toothodonto- toothodyn- painodyno- pain-oid resemblance toolig- few, littleoligo- few, little-oma tumor, neoplasm-omata plural of –omaoncho- onco-onco- tumor, bulk, volume-one a ketone (-CO- 酮) grouponych- fingernail (指甲), toenail (趾甲)onycho- fingernail, toenailoo- egg, ovary (卵巢)oophor- ovaryoophoro- ovaryophthalm- the eyeophthalmo- the eyeorchi- testis (睾丸)orchido- testisorchio- testis-oses plural of –osis-osis process, condition, stateossi- boneosseo- bonyost- boneoste- boneosteo- boneovari- ovaryovario- ovaryovi- eggovo- eggoxa- the presence or addition of oxygen atom(s) oxo- addition of oxygenoxy- sharp; acid; acute; shrill; quick; oxygenpachy- thickpan- all, entirepant- all, entirepanto- all, entirepara- abnormal; involvement of two like partspath- diseasepatho- disease-pathy diseaseped- child; footpedi- child; footpedo- child; foot-penia deficiencyper- through, thoroughly, intenselyperi- around, about-pexy fixation, usually surgicalphaco- lens-shaped; relation to a lens (晶状体,透镜) -phage eating, devouring-phagia eating, devouringphago- eating, devouring-phagy eating, devouringpharmaco- drugs, medicinepharyng- the pharynx (咽)pharyngo- the pharynxphleb- veinphlebo- veinphon- sound, speechphono- sound, speechphor- carrying, bearing; a carrier, a bearer; phoria (隐斜视) phoro- carrying, bearing; a carrier, a bearer; phoriaphos- light (光)phot- lightphoto- lightphren- diaphragm (横膈膜); the mind; phrenic (膈膜的,精神的) phreni- diaphragm; the mind; phrenic-phrenia of mindphrenico- diaphragm; the mind; phrenicphreno- diaphragm; the mind; phrenicphysi- physical; natural; the science of physicsphysio- physical; natural; the science of physicsphyso- tendency to swell or inflate; air, gasphyt- plantsphyto- plants-plasia formationplasma- plasma (血浆)plasmat- plasmaplasmato- plasmaplasmo- plasma-plegia paralysis (麻痹,瘫痪)pleur- rib (肋骨), side, pleura (胸膜,肋膜) pleura- rib, side, pleurapleuro- rib, side, pleurapluri- several, more-pnea breath, respirationpneo- breath, respirationpneum- air, gas; the lungs; breathing pneuma- air, gas; the lungs; breathing pneumat- air, gas; the lungs; breathing pneumato- air, gas; the lungs; breathing pod- foot, foot-shaped-pod foot, foot-shapedpodo- foot, foot-shaped-poiesis productionpost- after, behind, posteriorpre- anterior, beforepro- before, forward; precursor ofproct- the anus (肛门), the rectum (直肠)procto- the anus, the rectumpsych- the mindpsyche- the mindpsycho- the mindpyel- (renal) pelvis (骨盆):肾盂pyelo- (renal) pelvispyo- suppuration (化脓), an accumulation of pus, pus (脓) pyreto- feverpyro- fire, heat, feverrachi- the spinerachio- the spineradio- radiation (辐射), chiefly x-ray; radius (桡骨)re- again, backwardrect- the rectumrecto- the rectumretro- backward, behindrhin- the noserhino- the nose-rrhagia discharge-rrhaphy surgical suturing (缝合)-rrhea a flowing, a fluxsalping- a tube:输卵管,咽鼓管salpingo- a tubesarco- muscular substance, flesh-likeschisto- split, cleftschiz- split, cleft, divisionschizo- split, cleft, divisionscler- hardness (induration) (硬化),sclerosis, the sclera (巩膜) sclero- hardness (induration), sclerosis, the sclera-scope an instrument for viewing-scopy the use of an instrument for viewingsemi- one-half; partlysial- saliva (涎), the salivary glands (唾液腺,涎腺)sialo- saliva, the salivary glandssigmoid- sigmoid, the sigmoid colonsigmoido- sigmoid, the sigmoid colonsito- food, grainsomat- the body, bodilysomatico- the body, bodilysomato- the body, bodilyspasmo- spasmsperma- semen (精液), spermatozoa (精子)spermato- semen, spermatozoaspermo- semen, spermatozoasplanchn- the viscera (内脏)splanchni- the viscerasplanchno- the viscerasplen- the spleenspleno- the spleenstaphyl- a grape, a bunch of grapes; staphylococci (葡萄球菌) staphylo- a grape, a bunch of grapes; staphylococci-stat an agent to prevent changing or movingsteno- narrowness, constrictionstheno- strength, force, powerstom- mouthstoma- mouthstomat- mouthstomato- mouthsub- beneath, less than normal, inferiorsuper- in excess, above, superior, in the upper partsy- togethersyl- togethersym- togethersyn- togethersys- togetherthel- the nipples (乳头)thelo- the nipplestherm- heatthermo- heatthorac- the chest, the thoraxthoracico- the chest, the thoraxthoraco- the chest, the thoraxthromb- blood clotthrombo- blood clotthyr- the thyroid glandtoco- childbirth-tome a cutting instrument; a segment, section -tomy a cutting operationtono- tone, tension, pressuretop- place, topicaltopo- place, topicaltox- a toxin, a poisontoxi- a toxin, a poisontoxico- a toxin, a poisontoxo- a toxin, a poisontrache- the trachea (气管)tracheo- the tracheatrans- across, through, beyondtrich- the hair, a hairlike structure trichi- the hair, a hairlike structure-trichia the hair, a hairlike structure tricho- the hair, a hairlike structure-trophic food, nutritiontropho- food, nutrition-trophy food, nutrition-tropic turning toward, affinityuri- uric aciduric- uric acidurico- uric acidvas- a duct, a blood vesselvasculo- a blood vesselvaso- a duct, a blood vesselvesic- a vesica (膀胱), a vesicle vesico- a vesica, a vesiclexanth- yellow, yellowishxantho- yellow, yellowishzo- an animal, animal lifezoo- an animal, animal lifezym- fermentation (发酵), enzymes (酶)zymo- fermentation, enzymes1.人体主要器官前缀名称通用名前(后)缀常用形容词示例心heart cardiao- cardial cardium/carditis/cardiology脑brain encepholo- cerebral cerebrum/encephalitis/encephalology肺lung pulmo- pulmonary pulmontiis/pulmonectomy/pulmonology 肝liver hepato- hepatic hepatitis/hepatobiliary/hepatology胃stomach gastro- gastric gastritis/gastrointestinal/gastrology胆gallbladder chole- biliary holecystitis/cholinergic/cholecystectomy 肠intestine entero- intestinal enteritis/enterectomy/enterology脾spleen splen- splenic splenitis/splenectomy/splenology胰pancreas pancreato- pancreatic pancreatitis/pancreatectomy肾kidney nephro- renal/nephric nephritis/nephropathy/nephrology2.与人体系统、器官有关的前(后)缀名称通用名前(后)缀示例血blood hemo-/hemato hematology/hemoglobin/hematoma血管vessel vaso- vasopressor/cardiovasology/verebrovascular静脉vein veno- venography/intravenous/venoconstriction动脉artery arterio- arteriology/arteriole/arteriosclerosis肌muscle myo- mycology/myositis/myocarditis髓marrow myel-/myelo- myelocyte/myelitis/myeloma神经nerve neur-/neyro- neurology/neuritis/neuron细胞cell cyto-/-cyte cytology/cytoma/leukocyte尿urine uro-/ur- urology/urosurgery/urogenital体body somato-/some somatology/somatopsychic/chromosome3.与数字有关的前缀数字前缀示例一(单)mono-/uni- monomer/monoclone/carbon monoxide/unidirectional 二bi-/di- bilateral/biphasiccarbon dioxide/dipeptide三tri- trilateral/triphasic/trigeminal nerve四tetra- tetramer/tetracycline/tetraplegia五penta- pentagon/pentachromic/pentachloride六hexa- hexachromic/benzene hexachloride(666)/hexacycliccompiund七hepta- heptachromic/heptaploid/heptavalent八octa- octahedral/octal system九nona- nonapeptide/nonagon十deca- decade/decagram/decaliter注:十位数的表示一般为:个位数前缀+deca,如:hexadecanol(十六烷醇),tetradecapeptidegastrin(十四肽胃泌素),octadecanoic acid(十八烷酸)4.颜色及与颜色有关的前缀颜色通用名前缀示例色color chrom-/chromo- chromosome/chromatin/chromatometer红red erythro- erythrocyte/erythrocyturia/erythrometer白white leuko- leukocyte/leukemia/leukocytuira黑black melano- melena/melanoma/melanoderma黄yellow xantho- xanthopsin/xanthosis/xanthoma蓝blue cyan-/cyano cyanosis/cyanopsia/cyanemia紫violet/purple绿green棕brown brown mixture/brown ring橙orange Victoria orange/ethyl orange/orange G粉红pink oink frothy sputum绯红crimson青铜bronzed bronzed diabetes注:有些病名的“蓝”“紫”“青”为同义,其前缀都为“cyano-”.5.与疾病和疾患有关的前(后)缀(1)含义前(后)缀形容词示例病patho- pathogen/pathology/pathogenesis/-pathy -pathic neuropathy/nephropathy/adenopathy病态-osis -otic neurosis/tuberculosis/schistosomiasis增多leukocytosis/erythrocytopenia/granulocytosis减少-penia -penic leukocytopenia/erythrocytopenia/granulocytopenia无a-/an- atypical/anuria/agranulocytopenia小/微-let droplet/platelet/leafletmicro- microscopy/microorganism/micronucleus大/巨macro- macroscopic/macronucleus/macrophage-megaly splenomegaly/acromegaly/hepatomegaly复合/多poly- polyuria/polymer/polyopia全/泛pan- pancolectomy/panmyelosis/pandemic6.与疾病和疾患有关的前(后)缀(2)含义前(后)缀示例相反dis- disease/disorder/disability困难/障碍dys- dysfunction/dyspepsia/dyspnea不良mal- malfunction/malnutrition/malpractice炎症-it is appendicitis/bronchitis/arthritis瘤/块-oma lymphoma/adenoma/hematoma血症-emia leukemia/septisemia/bacteremia痛-algia/-algesia/alge-/algo- analgesia/hypoalgesia/algometer麻痹-plegia hemipleia/pamplegia/myoplegia流出-rrhea diarrhea/hypermenorrhea/rhinorrhea坏死-necrosis necro-/necr- hepatonecrosis/myonecrosis/necrospermia 结石litho-/-lith lithiasis/lithogenesis/cholelithes7.与方位有关的前缀含义通用词前缀示例上upper/superior pi-/supra- epidemic/epithelium/supracostal下lower/inferior nfra-/sub- infracostal/subclavicular/subcutaneous前front/anterior/prior fore-/ante- forehead/anteroposterior/precirrhosis/pre-后back/posterior post-/retro- posthepatic/postprandial/retrocardiac内inner/internal in-/endo-/ento- inhalation/endoscopy/entocranial外outer/external ex-/exo- extract/excretion/exocardial间between inter- intermuscular/intercostal/intercourse旁/副on the side of para- parathyroid/paraprotein/pararenal周around peri- perioperative/pericarditis/peritoneum中心central centri-/centra- centrifugation/centralize/centronucleus/centro-反/对opposite counter-/contra- counterpart/countershock/contraindication 注:in vivo/in’vaivou/活体内;in vitro/in vaitrou/活体外或试管内;in situ/in’saitju:/原位8.与外科手术有关的前(后)缀含义前(后)缀示例切除-ectomy appendectomy/gastrectomy/splenectomy切开-tomy tracheotomy/hysterotomy/craniotomy切(割)-tome tracheotome/thoracotome吻合-stomy duodenoenterostomy/gastroesophagostomy成形术-plasty tracheoplasty/osteoplasty/myoplasty整(矫)形ortho- orthopedics/orthopod/orthotherapy造影-graphy angiography/nephrography/phlebography经… trans- transdominal/translateral/transurethral注:ortho-也是“正”“原”的前缀,如:ortho-acid(正酸)-graphy为方法,如:electrocardigraphy心电图检查术;graph为仪器,如:electrocardigraph心电图机;gram 为图象,文字,如:electrocardiogram心电图记录。
医学英语词根词缀记忆neonate: n, 新生儿, neonatal: adj,新生期的neo: 新neomycin, 新霉素,neoplasm, 新生物,natus: 出生, prenatal: 产前的,出生前的Gastrointestinal: 胃肠道的gastro : 胃,intesto : 肠,Gastrointestinal system:胃肠系统,或消化系统Antibody: 抗体anti-: 对抗,antigen: 抗原antibiotics: 抗生素Psychosexual: 性心理Psycho: 心理,精神,psychology: 心理学Carbohydrate: 碳水化合物Carbo: 碳carbonate: 碳酸盐hydrate: 水化物,含水物hydrates: 水和酶ase 酶,lipase:脂肪酶Auditory: adj. 听觉的audi-: 听如:audiometer: 听力计meter: 测量kinetic: 运动的kine-: 运动kinesimeter: 运动测量计akinesia:运动不能Congenital: 先天性的con- 和genitor-: 生殖,生殖器genitourinary:泌尿生殖的Defect:缺点,瑕疵de:否定,脱离,缺乏,不足degeneration:恶化fect:做infect:感染,影响Oxygenated: 含氧的,氧合的oxygen:氧气-ate:词尾,表示某种行为,状态Deoxygenate:去氧,脱氧de- 前缀,去离脱Unoxygenated:不含氧的,含氧低un-前缀,用于形容词之前,不Pulmonary:肺的pulmo-:肺pulmometer:肺量计Tachycardia: 心动过速tachy:快,迅速tachypnea:呼吸过快cardio-心脏Cardiovascular:心血管的Stenosis:狭窄steno-:狭窄stenocephaly:头狭窄,小头Hypertrophy:肥大,增生hyper:高于,超越,多于hypercardia:心肥大trophy:战利品,促,增加gonadotrophin:促性腺激素Hypotrophy:不足生长,萎hypo-:低于,少于,不足Cyanosis:发绀Acyanotic:不发绀的a-:不,没有anemia:贫血(-emia是血症)cyanotic:发绀的Hypoxia:低氧血症hypo(少)+ox(ygen)(氧气)+ia(血症)Dyspnea:呼吸困难dys-:前缀,困难dyskinesia:运动障碍pnea:气体,呼吸apnea:呼吸停止Leukemia: 白血病leuk- 同leuc-,白leucocyte:白细胞-emia-:同-hemia,血,血液Leukopenia:白细胞减少症-penia:血细胞减少thrombocytopenia:血小板减少症neutropenia:中性粒细胞减少症-neutro-:中,中间,中性neutrocyte:中性粒细胞Thrombocytopenia:血小板减少症-thrombo-:血小板,血栓thrombosis:血栓症thrombocyte:血小板-cyte:细胞erythrocyte:红细胞Infiltration: 渗透-in:向里filtrate:过滤,滤出Reticuloendothelia: 网状内皮reticulo-:网状的reticular:网状组织-endo-:内,内部endotrachea:气管内-theli-:乳头,皮瓣Chemotherapy:化疗chemo-: 化学的chemoanalysis:化学分析therapy:治疗Anesthetics:麻醉剂an-:前缀,否定的,相反的(同a-)-esthe-:感觉esthesia:感觉,感知Cystitis:膀胱炎cyst-囊,胞,膀胱cystalgia:膀胱痛-itis:炎gastritis:胃炎字号:大中小hemophilia 血友病hemo- 血,血液hemoglobin: 血红蛋白-phil: 亲,嗜neutrophil: 嗜中性白细胞neutron-: 中-ia: 词尾,表示—血症,petechia:淤血,淤点hemolyze: 溶血hemo-血-ly-:溶解fibrolysin: 纤维溶解素hemorrhage: 出血hemo- 血,血液-rrha-: 大量的流出diarrhea: 腹泻umbilical cord: 脐带umbil- 脐umbilectomy: 脐切除术cord 绳索,带子circumcision: 包皮环切术circum- 周围,环circumcorneal: 角膜周围(corneal 是角膜的意思)-cision 切开,切口incision:切割, 切开, 切口intracranial: adj 颅内的intra-: 内,内部intracellular: 细胞内的-cranio-: 颅的,颅骨的craniofacial: 颅面的laceration: 伤口,裂口lacer-: 撕裂lacerant:折磨人的,令人痛苦的hemarthrosis: 关节积血arthro-: 关节arthritis: 关节炎(-it is: 是炎症)-osis:词尾,疾病的状态petechia 瘀点,瘀斑peti:皮肤上的斑点impetigo:(皮肤)脓疱病-ia:词尾,血症anemia: 贫血an- 无,不,缺乏-emia:血症leukemia:白血病follow-up: 随诊,复诊immobilize: v 制动,不活动im-是前缀,同in,不,相反,没有mobile: 移动比如大家都熟悉的mobile phone: 移动电话antihemophili:抗血友病的anti- 对抗antiembolic:抗栓hemophilia 血友病degeneration 退化,变性de- 去,离,脱,除degrowth: 降低生长gene:基因,generation: 产生,发生, 生殖disability: 无能力,残疾dis-:分开,分离,否定,不disadjust:失调的able: 能,可以,ability: 能力,才干disable: 不能,disability: 残疾genetic: 遗传的gene: 基因字号:大中小hemolytic: 溶血性的hemo- 血,血液hemoglobin:血红蛋白-lyse-:溶解cytolysis: 细胞溶解precipitate:促成,使…陷入pre-:先于,…之前preplan:预先计划cipit:头dehydration:脱水de- 去,离,脱hydro-:水,含氢的hydrogen:氢Hematocrit:红细胞压积,红细胞比容hemato-:血液,血crit:同krites,判断Lethargy:无精打采,嗜睡les-:健忘的-argos-:懒散的Malaise:身体不适,不舒服,疲倦mal- 坏的,错误的malformation:畸形,难看-aise:同ease,悠闲,轻松,安逸Vaso-occlusion 血管堵塞vaso-:血管,输精管vasodilation:血管扩张occlusion:闭塞,阻塞Perfusion:灌注per-:通,穿透,支持,携带,向前fuse:熔化,合并,注入infusion:灌输,输液Overheating:过热的over- 超过,高过,过分Pneumococcus:肺炎球菌pneumo-: 肺,气pneumonia:肺炎-coccus:球菌diplococcus:双球菌transfusion:输血trans-:转移transfer:转移,转让,传递fuse:合并,注入infusion:灌输,输液electrolyte:电解质electro-:电,电子的electroconvulsion:电击lyte:溶解Apnea: 无呼吸的,呼吸停止的a-:否定,相反的, 不,没有absent:缺席,不在-pnea-: 呼吸dyspnea:呼吸困难Bradycardia:心动过缓brady-:缓慢的bradypnea:呼吸过慢-cardio-:心脏cardigram:心电图Hypotonic:张力下降hypo-:少于,低于hypotension:低血压tonic:紧张的,张力的Autopsy:尸检auto-自己,自体autograft:自体移植物-opsis-:检查,看Bronchiolitis: 细支气管炎bronchio- 细支气管bronchiole: 细支气管-itis: 炎症meningitis: 脑膜炎Laryngitis: 喉炎laryngo- 喉laryngoscopy: 喉镜检查Laryngotracheobronchitis: 喉气管支气管炎-tracheo-: 气管tracheotomy: 气管切开术-broncho-: 支气管bronchitis: 气管炎Epiglottitis: 会厌炎epiglott-:会厌Syncytial: 合胞病毒的syn-: 共同,联合,相似synkinesia: 协同性运动, 辅助运动-cyto-: 细胞Hyperinflation: 过度膨胀hyper:高,过多hypertension:高血压-in-:相反的,否定的flat: 平坦的,扁的,漏气的Inspiratory: 吸气的in: 向内,进入insight:内在,见识-spirate-: 通气respiration: 呼吸Dysphagia: 吞咽困难dys- : 困难的-phago-: 吞咽,吞噬Phagocyte: 吞噬细胞Trecheostomy: 气管切开术-ostomy-: 切开术造瘘术colostomy: 结肠造瘘术Epinephrine: 肾上腺素-epi-: 在…之上,在…之外epigastric:上腹部-nephro-: 肾脏的nephrosis: 肾病-ine: 素Corticosteroid: 皮质激素cortico-:皮,皮质corticose: 外皮的,皮层的steroid: 激素Endotracheal: 气管内的-endo-: 内,内部endocrine:内分泌字号:大中小Cystic 囊性的cyst-: 前缀表示“囊, 胞”之义cystectomy: 胆囊切除术Fibrosis: 纤维化,纤维变性fibr(o)- 纤维fibrocyte: 纤维细胞-cyte: 细胞-sis: --词尾,…化, …状态Dysfunction: 功能紊乱,机能不良dys: 困难dysphagia:吞咽困难Function: 功能Autosome: 常染色体,正染色体auto-自体,身体,自动-soma-: 体somatic:肉体的Exocrine: 外分泌exo- 外部的exotoxin: 外毒素crinein: 分离Endocrine: 内分泌endo-: 内,内部endotoxin: 内毒素malabsorption: (营养)吸收不良mal-: 坏,错误,疾病malignant: 恶性的absorb: 吸收steatorrhea: 脂肪泻steato- 脂肪steatoma: 脂肪瘤-rrhea:大量流出diarrhea:腹泻expectorant:adj 化痰的,n 化痰剂ex-: 自…出来, 排出excrete: 排泄pector: 胸,胸腔mucolytics: 粘液溶解剂muco- 粘液mucoid: 粘液样的-lyte-: 溶解hemolysis: 溶血bronchodilator: 气管扩张剂broncho- 气管bronchitis: 气管炎dilate: 扩张dehydration: 脱水de- 前缀,去、脱hydro- 水,氢Prodromal :前驱的,有前驱症状的pro:居前,领先proenzyme:酶原dromos:跑,进行maculopapular:斑丘疹macule:斑疹papule:丘疹Centripetal: 向心的centro-:中心Antihistamine: 抗组胺药anti-:对抗antibody:抗体-histo-:组织histocyte:组织细胞-amine:胺Globulin:球蛋白globule:球,-in:素,酶,蛋白encephalitis:脑炎-encepho-:脑encephalopathy:脑病-itis:炎Paramyxovirus:副粘病毒para-: 副,旁,侧面parablast:副胚层-myxo-:粘,粘液myxocyte:粘液细胞virus:病毒Parotitis:腮腺炎,腮腺肿大Paroti-:腮腺,耳旁的parotin:腮腺激素Submaxillary:下颌的sub:下,亚,次subcutenous:皮下-maxill-: 颌Orchitis:睾丸炎-orcho-:睾丸orchotomy:睾丸切开术Epididymo-orchitis:附睾炎epididymo-:附睾teratogenic:产生畸形的-terato-:畸形teratosis:畸胎,怪胎Hydrogen peroxiede:过氧化氢,双氧水hydrogen:氢per-:携带,支持-oxide:氧化物dioxide:二氧化物Desquamation:脱皮,脱屑de-:去,脱,离squama:鳞片Arthralgia:关节痛-arthro-:关节arthritis:关节炎-gia:疼痛neuralgia:神经痛vasculitis:脉管炎,血管炎-vascul-:血管Hyperthermia:高热-thermo-:体温,热度thermometer:体温计Unremitting:不间断的un-:前缀,没有,不remit:宽恕,赦免Lymphadenopathy:淋巴腺疾病-lymph-:淋巴-adeno-:腺体adenoma:腺瘤Erythematous:红斑的-erythro-:红,红色Erythromycin:红霉素-ma:斑,瘤myoma:肌瘤Febrile:热性的febri-:发烧febricide:退热剂Conjunctivitis:结膜炎conjunctiva:结膜Oropharyngeal:口咽的-oro-:口Oral:口头的-pharyngo-:咽Pharyngitis:咽炎Mucocutaneous:粘膜皮肤的-muco-:粘膜mucosa:黏膜-cutaneo-:皮肤subcutaneous:皮下的Rheumatic: 风湿性的rheumato-:风湿rheumatoid: 类风湿的rheumatic fever: 风湿热Autoimmune: 自身免疫的auto-: 自身,自体autoantibody:自身抗体immune:免疫immune globulin:免疫球蛋白Streptococcus: 链球菌strepto-:链状的streptolysin: 链球菌溶血素streptomycin:链霉素-coccus: 球菌diplococcus:双球菌Peumococcus:肺炎双球菌Carditis: 心脏炎,心肌炎cardio-:心脏cardiovascular:心血管的myocardial:心肌的-itis:炎myocarditis:心肌炎Polyarthritis:多发性关节炎poly-: 多,多个,多种polycyte: 多型核细胞polyphagia:多食-arthro-: 关节arthrology: 关节学Erythema:红斑erythe: 红,红色erythromycin: 红霉素-ma: 肿物,斑myoma:肌瘤Subcutaneous: 皮下的Sub-: 在下;低于,次于,副,次Subadult:接近成年的人-cutan-: 皮肤percutaneous:经皮的ROM: Range Of Motion 环绕关节地运动,全关节运动Prophylactic:预防疾病的;预防性的pro-:在…之前-phylax-: 保卫phylaxin:抵抗素Glomerulonephritis:肾小球肾炎glomerulus :肾小球glomerulitis:肾小球炎glomerulopathy:肾小球病-nephro-:肾nephrocyte:肾原细胞nephrotoxicity: 肾毒性Bilateral:双侧的,有两面的bi-:两,双bipolar:双极的,两极的lateral:侧边unilateral:单侧的Noninfectious:非传染的non-:非,不,无nonabsorbable:不能被吸收的infectious:传染性的Streptococcus:链球菌strepto-:链状streptomycin:链霉素-coccus: 球菌diplococcus:双球菌Hypertension:高血压hyper:高于,多于hyperthermia:高温,发热tension:压力,张力Antihypertensive:抗高血压药anti:抗,对抗antibiotics:抗生素Retention:保留,储留Hematuria: 血尿Hemato-:血hematogenous:血源性的-uria:尿oliguria:少尿Integrity:完整,完全Specific gravity:比重Recurrence:复发,重现re-:再次retake:重摄reread:再读rewrite:再写-cur-:发生Otitis media: 中耳炎Otitis: 耳炎-oto-: 耳otophone: 助听器otolith:耳石-itis:炎Meningitis: 脑膜炎-meningo-: 脑膜meningocele: 脑膜膨出meningioma:脑(脊)膜瘤Eradicate: 根治,根除e-: 免,除去erase:抹去,擦掉-radic-: 根polyradiculitis:多神经根炎Decongestant:解充血药de-:去除,剥夺,脱离dehydration:脱水congest: 充血,充塞congestive heart failure:充血性心力衰竭-ant:药,剂absorbant:吸收剂Analgesic: 止痛的;镇痛剂an- : 无,没有,缺乏anacid:酸缺乏,无酸的anemia:贫血-algea-: 同algia,痛苦,感到痛苦neuralgia:神经痛Antipyretic:退热药anti-:抗antacid:抗酸剂antibacterial:抗菌的-pyreto-: 热pyretology: 热病学Myringotomy:鼓膜切开术-myringo-: 鼓膜myringitis: 鼓膜炎-otomy:切开术atriotomy:心房切开术Photophobia: 畏光-photo-: 光,相片phobia: 恐惧症acrophobia:恐高症basophobia:步行恐惧症Opisthotonos:角弓反张opistho-:后,体后opisthion:颅后点,枕骨tonic:紧张,强直Multisystem:多系统的multi-:多,多种,多个multiple:多样的,多重的Encephalopathy:脑病encephal-:脑encephalitis:脑炎-pathy:疾病neuropathy:神经病nephropathy:肾病。