汉英翻译第四章

第四章: 第四章: 词的省略
I.过多修饰语: I.过多修饰语 过多修饰语:
新闻翻译中忽视语言习惯的另一种情况是在英译中过多地使 用修饰词.汉语新闻中经常出现修饰词,以加重语气. 用修饰词.汉语新闻中经常出现修饰词,以加重语气. 而译成英 语时需要斟酌,不能一字一字地照译,否则往往强调过头, 语时需要斟酌,不能一字一字地照译,否则往往强调过头,削弱 了原文的力量. 了原文的力量. 1)我们要继续坚定不移地坚持以经济建设为中心.我们要继续 1)我们要继续坚定不移地坚持以经济建设为中心 我们要继续坚定不移地坚持以经济建设为中心. 坚定不移地改革开放.我们要继续坚定不移地保持社会稳定. 坚定不移地改革开放.我们要继续坚定不移地保持社会稳定. 我们要继续坚定不移地贯彻执行独立自主的和平外交政策. 我们要继续坚定不移地贯彻执行独立自主的和平外交政策. We will unswervingly focus on economic development, press ahead with reform and opening-up, maintain social stability openingand pursue the independent foreign policy of peace. 2)注重社会公平,正确反映和兼顾不同方面群众的利益,正确处 注重社会公平,正确反映和兼顾不同方面群众的利益, 理人民内部矛盾和其他社会矛盾,妥善协调各方面的利益关系. 理人民内部矛盾和其他社会矛盾,妥善协调各方面的利益关系. We should pay attention to social justice, reflect and take into account the people’s interest in different aspects, handle well the people’ contradiction among the people and other social contradictions and coordinate the relationship between the interests of different sides.
I.过多修饰语: I.过多修饰语 过多修饰语:
建国40多年 特别是改革开放10多年以来 建国40多年,特别是改革开放10多年以来…该市已成为远 多年, 多年以来… 粮仓,酒乡,烟都,防城” 近闻名的 “粮仓,酒乡,烟都,防城”. In the over 40 years since the founding of the People’s People’ Republic of China, especially in the past 10 and more years of reform and opening up to the outside world…the world… city is now known far and wide as “ a granary, a wine land, a cigarette capital and a textile city”. city” 改译:Over People’ 改译:Over 40 year after the founding of the People’s Republic of China, especially in the past 10 and more years of the reform and open-up…the city has been well open-up… known as “the land of grain, wine, cigarette, and textile”. textile”
II.冗余信息: II.冗余信息 冗余信息:
务必要继续发扬艰苦奋斗的优良传统,提倡勤俭,崇尚节约, 务必要继续发扬艰苦奋斗的优良传统,提倡勤俭,崇尚节约,防止 和纠正脱离经济发展水平的高消费. 和纠正脱离经济发展水平的高消费. It is imperative to carry on the fine tradition of hard work, encourage and uphold industry and thrift to prevent and check high consumption that outgrows economic development. 原文” 原文” 提倡勤俭,崇尚节约”实际上是一回事,属行文语气的需要. 提倡勤俭,崇尚节约”实际上是一回事,属行文语气的需要. 不必 在译文中重复译出. 在译文中重复译出. ..encourage frugality, and prevent and check 建立办事高效,运转协调,行为规范的行政管理体系. 建立办事高效,运转协调,行为规范的行政管理体系. We must set up an administrative system with high efficiency in work, coordination in operation and standardization in behavior. 字面倒是很对应,然而意义重复甚至有些莫名其妙. 字面倒是很对应,然而意义重复甚至有些莫名其妙.原文四字结 构纯粹出于汉语行文对称的需要,大可不必字字对应. 构纯粹出于汉语行文对称的需要,大可不必字字对应. 改译We 改译We must establish an efficient, well-coordinated and wellstandardized administrative system. 3)新的时代呼唤新的理论,新的理论指导新的实践。 3)新的时代呼唤新的理论 新的理论指导新的实践。 新的时代呼唤新的理论, The new era calls for new theory to guide the practice.
III. 编译
Chinese is a kind of artistic language, with fancy for florid dictions. Such refined sentences are not based on universal and abstract concept but on historical allusions and idioms. The philosophers of Confucian school like excessive-modifying excessivewords to show Chinese people’s preference for explanatory people’ notes in ancient books and phraseology. Let’s look at an example Let’ about that. Generally speaking, Chinese description about landscape is full of beautiful, refined and implied phrases, whose thyme is fine and language almost poetic. The delineation of scenery doesn’t seek for clear and lucid explanation but for a doesn’ quality suggestive of poetry or painting and for a kind of imagery beauty. For example: 这里三千座奇峰拔地而起，形态各异，有的似玉柱神鞭， 立地顶天；有的像铜墙铁壁，巍然屹立；有的如晃板垒 卵，摇摇欲坠；有的若盆景古董，玲珑剔透……神奇而又 卵，摇摇欲坠；有的若盆景古董，玲珑剔透……神奇而又 真实，迷离而又实在，不是艺术创造性似艺术创造，令人 叹为观止。
Judging by Chinese original, it is a typical writing about scenery featured by verbal parallelism, elegant appearances and wonderful imagery. If it is translated into English in Chinese way of thinking, the version will be anticlimax. For example: 3000 crags rise in various shapes. They are like whips or pillars propping up the sky; or huge walls, solid and sound; or immense eggs piled on an unsteady boarder; or miniature rocky or curios… curios…Fantastic but actual, dreamy but real! They are not artistic works, but more exquisite than artistic works. One doesn’ doesn’t help marveling at the acme of perfection of Nature’s Nature’ creation. In sharp contrast with Chinese, English is always objective, specific and exquisite in describing scenery without a lot of imagery thought and emotional color. The writing approach mostly resorts to specific image spread-out, with a kind spreadof true and natural rational beauty. No wonder, James· Dane, an James· American expert makes such a comment about English translation out of Chinese poetry: “ The biggest problem in English translation out of Chinese poetry is, perhaps, that target language fails to contain so many different interpretations and so much semantic condensation. Such a covert expression makes many things become blurred”. (Liu Xinmin, 1994) blurred”
Traditional western philosophy places emphasis on analytical, abstract and rational thought, so it repeatedly stresses imitation and reproduction in the physical phenomena between subjectivity and objectivity. Aristotle advanced: “the top attainment of aesthetics is to copy the thing as it is”. This is” idea has been permeated into various fields in western literature and art. Influenced by such a thought, English writing is featured by emphasis on form, realism and rationalism. Therefore, such a style comes out with rigid and tidy sentence structure, meticulous expressive thought, rational and logical writing, concise and natural dictions and perceptive style. For example: then came the twilight colors of sea and heaven, the wine-pink width of water merging into winelawns of aquamarines, the sky a tender palette of pink and blue.