虚拟语气专题
一虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用
1 在宾语从句中的应用
在表示建议、提议、命令、请求等意义的动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词要用should+原形动词，或者省略should，直接用动词原形。
常见的这类动词有：
1)坚持insist （意为“坚持认为”时用陈述语气）
2)命令order command
3)建议suggest advise propose
4)要求require request ask demand
He demanded that the aggressor troops (should) be withdrawn immediately.
（他要求侵略军马上撤出。）
（1）在wish后宾语从句中的应用。
以动词do为例
（他们希望不必去那个地方。）
I wish we had traveled yesterday when the weather was fine.
（我真希望昨天天好时我们就出发了。）
I wish she would come tomorrow.
(我希望她明天来。)
（2）在would/had rather，would/had/sooner, would (just)as soon后表示“宁愿……，宁可……，但愿……”的宾语从句中，其形式见下表
以动词do
(他真愿现在就是冬天。)
I’d just as soon she were not here tomorrow.
(我真愿她明天不会在这里。)
2 在主语从句中的应用
（1）It is + 形容词/过去分词+ that +主语从句中的主语+ （should）+原形动词。
常用的这类形容词有：strange, necessary, urgent, possible, essential, important, crucial, insistentd，best等。
常用的这类过去分词有：desired，suggested，proposed，requested，ordered，decided，recommended，arranged等。
It is important that we should unite with all that can be united in the struggle.
(在斗争中团结一切可以团结的人是最重要的。)
（2）It is a pity(shame,must等)that + 主语从句中的主语+ （should）+ 原形动词。
It is a buring shame that little children should have to beg in the street.
(小孩们必须上街乞讨，太令人遗憾了。)
It seems such a pity that you should have to spend the day at the hotel.
(真是遗憾，你必须在那家旅馆度过一天。)
3 在表语从句和同位语从句中的应用
在表示建议、提议、命令、要求等名词后的表语从句或同位语从句中，谓语动词用：
（should）+动词原形
常见的这类名词有：advice, demand, arrangement, command, decision, requirement, suggestion, plan, necessity, motion, desire, proposal, regulation等。
My suggestion is that we (should)start out at once.
(我建议我们立刻出发。)
The professor gave orders that the test be finished before 10:30.
(教授指示考试须在十点半以前结束。)
二虚拟语气在状语从句中的应用
1 表示与现在、将来或过去事实相反的句子，谓语动词用虚拟语气。其形式见下表
If I were you, I would consider their proposal.
(如果我是你，我会多考虑他们的建议。)
If I had known of your arrival, I would have met you at the station.
（要是我早知道你要来，我会去车站接你的。）
2 错综时间条件句
有时，条件从句和主句所表示的动作时间不一致，这时，动词要根据不同的时间用适当的形式来表示。
从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反：
If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better.
(假如当时天气再好一点，现在庄稼会长得更好一些。)
从句与现在事实相反，主句与过去事实相反：
If you were older, I would have allowed you to go there alone yesterday.
(如果你再大一点，昨天我就会让你单独去那里。)
3 省略if的条件句
条件句中有had，should，could，were等时可以省略if，用倒装语序，即上述词须放在主语之首。
Were there no(=If there were no)gravity, there would be no air around the earth.
(要是没有地球引力，地球周围就没有空气。)
Had we made(=if we had made)adequate preparations, we might have succeeded.
(要是当时做了充分准备，我们是可能成功的。)
4 含蓄条件句
假设的情况不用if条件句，而用其他的形式表示，称为含蓄条件句。
That would have been considered miraculous in the past.
[=If I had been in the past, it would have been considered miraculous.]
(那在过去会被看作是奇迹。)
Without his help,I couldn’t have done it.
[If he hadn’t helped me, I couldn’t have done it.]
(没有他的帮助，我不可能做这件事。)
5 用于if only……引导的从句中
If only 引导的从句，谓语动词常用虚拟语气表示强烈的愿望、不满或遗憾。用法同wish。
6 用于as if（though），even if（though）引导的状语从句中
在as if（though）引导的方式状语从句中，虚拟语气用过去时表示和现在事实相反或对其怀疑，用过去完成时表示对过去事实的假设。
She is so kind and beautiful as if she were an angel.
(她如此善良、美丽，好像是个天使。)
[注]as if/though引导的从句如果用于客观陈述，则用陈述语气。
He acts as if he is drunk.
(他表现出好像是喝醉了酒。)
It looks as if it is going to rain.
(看来要下雨了。)
在even if（though）引导的让步状语从句中有时也常用虚拟语气，谓语形式同if引导的虚拟条件句。
Even if you had enough money,you could not buy the lost time.
(即使你有足够的钱，你也不能买回失去的时光。)
Even though she had bee n very busy,she would have come to help us.
(即使她当时很忙，她也会来帮助我们的。)
7 用于wether……or……，no matter how/what，however，whatever等词引导的让步状语从句中
谓语常用may，might，should+原形动词，may，might，should常省略，尤其是用于be 开头的让步状语从句中。
No matter what you may say,I am determined to do what I think is right.
(不管你怎么说，我认为对的事我一定要做。)
[注]如果是过去的动作，动词要用完成式。
You mustn’t be proud,however much you may have achieved.
(无论你取得了多大成就都不应该骄傲。)
8 用于lest，for fear that，in case，in order that，so that引导的目的状语从句中
以lest，for fear that，in case引导的目的状语从句中，，谓语常用should+原形动词，should一般不省略。以so that，in order that引导的目的状语从句，谓语常用should，may（can）+原形动词（表示现在），might（could）+原形动词（表示过去）。
The man escaped to another country for fear that he should be caught by the police.
(这个人逃到另一个国家，唯恐被警察抓住。)
Here is some money in case you s hould need it. (这里有些钱以防万一需要。)
[注]in case也常用陈述语气。
We live so that others may live better.
(我们活着是为了让别人活得更美好。)
三虚拟语气在一些习惯句型和结构中的应用
1 用于It is （high/about）time that……句型中
后接过去时的从句，意为“该做某事了”或“早该做某事了”。它指的是现在或将来，而不是过去。
It’s about time that you had your hair cut! (你该理发了！)
It is high time he were taught a lesson.. (该是他接受教训的时候了。)
2 用于suppose/supposing引出的句子中
Suppose/supposing引出的句子除可用陈述语气外，也常引出表示假设的条件句。Supposing the train were late,what should we do? (假如火车晚点，我们怎么办？) Suppose I acdepted this offer. (假如我接受这个帮助，你会怎么说？)
3 用于expect，believe，think，suspect引出的句子中
（1）在expect，believe，think，suspect等动词的否定式或疑问式后常用should+原形动词表示惊奇、怀疑、惶惑、不满等意思。
They just couldn't believe that the new stadium should be so big.
(他们简直不能相信新体育场竟然这么大。)
We never thought that she should be the brave girl we have heard so much about.
(我们从没想到她竟然是我们听说过很多的那个勇敢的姑娘。)
（2）表示惊奇、怀疑、不满等意思的形容词后引出的句子也常用should+原形动词虚拟语气。We were surprised that he should be so stubborn.
(我们很吃惊他竟然会这样固执。)
I am sorry that he should be in such poor health.
(我真难过，他身体竟然这么差。)
[注]以上这些句子中，也可以用陈述语气。如用陈述语气仅叙述事实，而用虚拟语气表现出说话人的强烈情绪。又如：
I am still not quite convinced that she should have done so much in such a short time.
(我还是不太相信她竟然能在这样短的时间内做了这么多的事。)
4 用于其它结构中
虚拟语气可以用于介词、介词短语、连词、动词不定式等结构表达的虚拟条件中。
But for my deskmate’s help,I would have failed in the experiment.
(如果没有我同桌同学的帮助，我就做不成实验了。)
It would be a shame to stop the work halfway.
(半途而废就太不像话了。)
四虚拟语气在口语中的应用
1 在表示祝愿、诅咒等句子中，谓语动词常由原形东西或may+原形动词构成
“God bless you.”said the priest. （教士说：“愿上帝保佑你。”）
So be it then! (那就这样吧！)
May you succeed! （祝你成功！）
PS if条件句中若有should/had/were，句子可用倒装（省略if，把had/should/were 放句首）
If he should/were to come tomorrow,we would be very happy.
——Should he come tomorrow, we would be very happy.
——Were he to come tomorrow, we would be very happy.
虚拟语气练习100题
1. The teacher demanded that the exam _____ before eleven.
A. must finish
B. would be finished
C. be finished
D. must be finished
2. She made the demand that the journalists _____ at once ______ Iraq.
A. leave; for
B. leave; to
C. left; to
D. to be left; for
3. He is talking so much about America as if he _____ there.
A. had been
B. has been
C. was
D. has gone
4. The young man insisted that he _____ nothing wrong and _____ free.
A. did; set
B. had done; should be set
C. should do; be set
D. had done; must be set
5. I suggested there ____ be a kind of language all could understand and use ____ .
A. can; it
B. /; /
C. would; it
D. may; /
6. The suggestion has been made _____ the basketball game _____ put off.
A. for; to
B. that; be
C. which; should be
D. to; being
7. The order came that the medical supplies _____ to Beijing for the Sars soon.
A. would be sent
B. should send
C. be sent
D. must be sent
8. It is important that we _____ wild animals.
A. will protect
B. should protect
C. shall protect
D. are protecting
9. Had you listened to the doctor, you _____ all right now.
A. are
B. were
C. would be
D. would have been
10. _____ any change about the date, please tell me immediately.
A. Will there be
B. Should there be
C. There will be
D. There should be
11. _____ today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Would he leave
B. Was he leaving
C. Were he to leave
D. If he leave
12. Should it rain, the crops _____ .
A. would be saved
B. would have been saved
C. will be saved
D. had been saved
13. You _____ come earlier. The bus left a moment ago.
A. would
B. should have
C. may
D. have
14. He treated me as though/as if _____ his own son.
A. I am
B. I would be
C. I was
D. I were
15. I _____ you some money, but I hadn’t any on me then.
A. would lend
B. would have lent
C. could lend
D. may have lent
16. A few minutes earlier and we _____ the rain.
A. have caught
B. had caught
C. could have caught
D. were to catch
17. --- “Have you ever been to Beijing?”
--- “No, but I wish I _____”
A. have
B. will
C. do
D. had
18. I’m glad I went over all my notes; otherwise _____ .
A. I may have failed
B. I’d fail
C. I’d have failed
D. I’ll have failed
19. --- “What will you do during the summer holiday?”
--- “I don’t know, but it’s high time _____ something.”
A. I’m deciding
B. I’ll decide
C. I decided
D. I decide
20. What should we do if it _____ tomorrow?
A. should snow
B. would snow
C. snow
D. will snow
21. If only I _____ my watch!
A. hadn’t lost
B. haven’t lost
C. didn’t lost
D. don’t lose
22. You _____ such a serious mistake if you had followed his advice.
A. may not make
B. might not make
C. shouldn’t ha ve made
D. might not have made
23. We _____ the work on time without your help.
A. hadn’t had finished
B. didn’t have finished
C. couldn’t have finished
D. can’t have finished
24. --- “Where have you been?”
--- “I got caught in traffic; otherwise _____ sooner.”
A. I would be here
B. I have been here
C. I had been here
D. I would have been here
25. If it were not for the fact that you _____ ill, I would ask you to do this right now.
A. were
B. had been
C. are
D. should be
26.I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _____ the book from which it was made.
A. have read
B. had read
C. should have read
D. are reading
27.You are late. If you _____ a few minutes earlier, you _____ him.
A. come; would meet
B. had come; would have met
C. come; will meet
D. had come; would meet
28.The two students talked as if they _____ friends for years.
A. should be
B. would be
C. have been
D. had been
29.It is important that I _____ with Mr. Williams immediately.
A. speak
B. spoke
C. will speak
D. to speak
30.He looked as if he _____ ill for a long time.
A. was
B. were
C. has been
D. had been
31.If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child would not _____.
A. have laid there for two hours
B. have been lied there for two hours
C. have lied there for two hours
D. have lain there for two hours
32.I wish that I _____ with you last night.
A. went
B. could go
C. have gone
D. could have gone
33.Let’s say you could go there again, how _____ feel?
A. will you
B. should you
C. would you
D. do you
34.I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _____ everything.
A. knew
B. knows
C. has known
D. had known
35._____ the fog, we should have reached our school.
A. Because of
B. In spite of
C. In case of
D. But for
36.If you had told me in advance, I _____ him at the airport.
A. would meet
B. would had met
C. would have met
D. would have meet
37.Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he_____ me how.
A. teaches
B. will teach
C. has taught
D. would teach
38.I would have told him the answer had it been possible, but I _____ so busy then.
A. had been
B. were
C. was
D. would be
39.He’s working hard for fear that he _____.
A. should fall behind
B. fell behind
C. may fall behind
D. would fallen behind
40.If it _____ another ten minutes, the game would have been called off.
A. had rained
B. would have rained
C. have seen
D. rained
41.He suggested that they _____ use a trick instead of fighting.
A. should
B. would
C. do
D. had
42.My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _____ there.
A. not went
B. won’t go
C. not go
D. not to go
43.I would have gone to the meeting if I _____ time.
A. had had
B. have had
C. had
D. would have had
44.Would you rather I _____ buying a new bike?
A. decided against
B. will decide against
C. have decided
D. shall decide against
45.You look so tired tonight. It is time you _____.
A. go to sleep
B. went to sleep
C. go to bed
D. went to bed
46.—Why didn’t you buy a new car?
—I would have bought one if I _____ enough money.
A. had
B. have had
C. would have
D. had had
47.If she could sew, _____.
A. she make a dress
B. she would have made a shirt
C. she will make a shirt
D. she would had made a coat
48._____ today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Would he leave
B. Was he leaving
C. Were he to leave
D. If he leaves
49.His doctor suggested that he _____ a short trip abroad.
A. will take
B. would take
C. take
D. took
50.The Bakers arrived last night. If they’d only let us know earlier,_____ at the station.
A. we’d meet them
B. we’ll meet them
C. we’d have met them
D. we’ve met them
51.If I _____ you, I _____ more attention to English idioms and phrases.
A. was; shall pay
B. am; will pay
C. would be; would pay
D. were; would pay
52.We might have failed if you _____ us a helping hand.
A. have not given
B. would not give
C. had not given
D. did not give
53.The law requires that everyone _____ his car checked at least once a year.
A. has
B. had
C. have
D. will have
54.It is strange that he _____ so.
A. would say
B. would speak
C. should say
D. will speak
55.Had I known her name, _____
A. or does she know mine?
B. and where does she live?
C. she would be beautiful.
D. I would have invited her to lunch.
56.He has just arrived, but he talks as if he _____ all about that.
A. know
B. knows
C. known
D. knew
57.If I _____ the money, I would have bought a much bigger car.
A. possessed
B. owned
C. had
D. had had
58.He was very busy yesterday; otherwise, he _____ to the meeting.
A. would come
B. came
C. would have come
D. will come
59.The librarian insists that John _____ no more books from the library before he returns all the books he has borrowed.
A. will take
B. took
C. take
D. takes
60.I left very early last night, but I wish I _____ so early.
A. didn’t leave
B. hadn’t left
C. haven’t left
D. couldn’t leave
61.I do not have a job. I would find one but I _____ no time.
A. had
B. didn’t have
C. had had
D. have
62.I wish that you _____ such a bad headache because I’m sure that you would have enjoyed the concert.
A. hadn’t
B. didn’t have had
C. hadn’t had
D. hadn’t have
63.He insisted that we all _____ in his office at one o’clock.
A. be
B. to be
C. would be
D. shall be
64.Helen couldn’t go to France after all. That’s too bad. I’m sure she would have enjoyed it if _____.
A. she’s gone
B. she’ll go
C. she’d gone
D. she’d go
65.I must go there earlier. John has suggested that I _____ an hour before the discussion begins.
A. go
B. shall go
C. will go
D. would go
66. We demanded that we __________ of any change in the plan.
A. informed
B. would be informed
C.be informed
D.had been informed
67. It’s necessary that he _________ a recognized qualification.
A. has
B.have
C. had
D. having
68. It's high time we ____________ our attention to this problem.
A.turned
B. turn
C. had turned
D. would turn
69. If only you __________ him what I said! Everything would have been all right.
A. didn't told
B. hadn't told
C. would not tell
D. would have not told
70. He must have had an accident, or he____________ here then.
A.would have been
B. had been
C. should have been
D. could be
71. Much labour would have been saved if the electronic computers_____________ before.
A.had invented
B.were invented
C.should have been invented
D. had been invented
72. _____________ cease advertising, prices would be significantly reduced.
A. Were they to
B. Could they
C. If they
D.Would they
73. Five minutes earlier, and we ____________ the last bus.
A.had caught
B. should have caught
C. could have caught
D. caught
74. You ____________ the clothes! We have a washerwoman to do that sort of thing.
A. shouldn't have washed
B.mustn't have washed
C. can not have washed
D. needn't have washed
75. Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she _________ a
job she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often.
A. has to get
B.were to get
C. had got
D.could have got
76. The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he _____________ himself.
A. injure
B. had injured
C. injured
D. would injure
77. It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios __________ after 11
o'clock at night.
A. were not played
B. not to play
C. not be played
D.did not play
78. You don't have to be in such a hurry. I would rather you _________ on business
first.
A.would go
B. will go
C. went
D. have gone
79. It is important that enough money ___________ to fund the project.
A. be collected
B. must be collected
C. was collected
D. can be collected
80. If only the committee __________ the regulations and put them into effect as soon
as possible.
A.approve
B. will approve
C. can approve
D. would approve
81. I don't think it advisable that Tom ________ to the job since he has no experience.
A. is assigned
B. will be assigned
C. be assigned
D. has been assigned
82. You _________ her in her office last Friday; she's been out of town for two weeks.
A.needn't have seen
B. must have seen
C. might have seen
D.can't have seen
83. We didn't know his telephone number, otherwise we _________ him.
A. would have telephoned
B. must have telephoned
C. would telephone
D. had telephoned
84 It is recommended that the project _________ until all the preparations have been made.
A. is not started
B. will not be started
C. not be started
D. is not to be started
85. I wish I ________ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.
A.could have slept
B.slept
C. might have slept
D. have slept
86. I ________ her to the party but I didn't know her well.
A.ought have
B. would have invited
C. should invite
D. may have invited
87. You ________ to town to see the film last week. It will be on TV tomorrow.
A. needn't go
B.should not go
C. had better not go
D. needn't have gone
88. With all this work on hand, he __________ to the cinema last night.
A. mustn't go
B. wouldn't go
C.oughtn't to go
D. shouldn't have gone
89. It was essential that the application forms ___________ back before the deadline
(截止日期)
A. must be sent
B. would be sent
C. be sent
D. were sent
90. If I _________ the opportunity I would not have missed it.
A. had given C.had been giving
B. was given D.had been given
91. He is working hard for fear that he ___________ .
A. fell behind C. should fall behind
B.may fall behind D. would fall behind
92. If we _______ yesterday, we _________ the work.
A. weren't interrupted.., would finish
B. didn't interrupt.., would have finished
C. hadn't been interrupted.., would have finished
D. hadn't interrupted.., would have finished
93. Ask him to ring me up if you ____________ him.
A.should see
B. would see C .saw D. will see
94. Your examination results were quite satisfactory, but ________ if you had spent less time in playing football?
A. wouldn't they have been better C. won't they be better
B. wouldn't they be better D. won't they have been better
95. I didn't know this Picasso exhibit was closed, but I wouldn't have been able to come even if _________ about it.
A.I know C.I have been knowing
B. I'd known D. I've known
96. If he ___________ hard in the past five years, things wouldn't be going so smoothly.
A.had not been working C. was not working
B.has not been working D. were not working
97.-- "Do you think the thief entered through the garage door?"
--"No. If he had, I don't believe he __________ the living room window."
A. would have broken C. has broken
B. had broken D. broke
98. I wish that you hadn't had such a bad headache because I'm sure that you
________ the concert.
A.will enjoy C. would enjoy
B. will have enjoyed D. would have enjoyed
99. I'd rather you __________ anything about it for the time being.
A. do
B. didn't do
C. don't do
D. didn't
100. He doesn't dare to leave the house in case ___________.
A. he will recognize C. he is recognized
B. he should be recognized D. he recognize
人教版英语专项训练虚拟语气知识点梳理及练习(超详细) 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．If I ________ ten years younger, I _________ piano lessons and go to a music college. A．am; will take B．was; took C．were; will take D．were; would take 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：if虚拟语气中，对现在的情况进行虚拟，从句谓语动词均用一般过去时（be动词用were）,主句用would/should/could/might+do.句意：如果我再年轻十岁，我会参加钢琴课程并去上音乐大学。故选D. 考点：if条件状语从句的虚拟语气 点评：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，中考中有所涉及，但不常见。用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况：①与过去 事实相反。②与现在事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反。 2．If I _______ you, I _______ go there. A．is; will B．is; would C．were; would D．was; will 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查虚拟语气，if引导的与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。从句用一般过去式，主句用过去将来时。句意：如果我是你的话，我会去那儿的。 1.57．---What would you do if you a million dollars? ---If I you, I’d give it to medical research. A．got, were B．win, am C．won, am D．get, were 【答案】A 【解析】本题是考查的虚拟语气，对于将来的假设，主句用过去将来时，从句用一般过去时，且be动词为were，故选A 2.58．What _____ you _____ if you had a million dollars? A．would, did B．will, do C．would, do D．will, did 【答案】C 【解析】本题是对于虚拟语气的特殊疑问句的考查，根据句子的结构，选C 3．I suggest that we Chinese people_______Chinese culture with love and joy everywhere we go. A．spread B．spreading C．to spread D．will spread 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我建议我们中国人无论走到哪里都要带着爱心和欢乐来传播中国文化，
虚拟语气 第一节语气 英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气（Indicative Mood），祈使语气(Imperative Mood)和虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。 第二节虚拟语气的概念 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。 第三节虚拟语气在条件句中 １．当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句“，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整． If you had followed my advice , you would be better now. 如果你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了． ２．在条件句中，可省略 if，把were ,had, should 提到句首，变为倒装句式． If you had come earlier, you would have met him. Had you come earlier, you would have met him.
第四节虚拟语气在名词从句中的运用 一、虚拟语气在主语从句中 A.在句型“It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... ”中，表示某事 重要、奇怪、自然、必要等；that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用： should + 动词原形（should 可以省略）例如： It’s important that we should take good care of the patient. 重要的是我们要照顾好病人。 这类的形容词还有advisable（可取的），appropriate（适当的），compulsary（必须的），crucial （关键的），desirable（理想的），essential（必要的），imperative（迫切的），important(重要的)，possible（可能的），preferable（更好的），probable（可能的），strange（奇怪的），urgent（急迫的），vital（极为重要的）等。 B. 在It is demanded/suggested/ordered/required/recommended/requested/required/. that-clause句型中从句用(should )+动词原型，表示愿望，建议，请求等主观意愿等。 It is demanded that we should work out a plan. C. 在It is a pity/a shame/ no wonderproposal/recommendation/suggestion/surprise/advice that…..句型中从句也常用(should )+动词原型,表示建议，命令，请求，道歉，怀疑，惊奇等。 It’s a pity that you (should) miss a good chance. 二、用于宾语从句 用于表示命令、建议、要求等一类词后面的宾语从句。 insist, suggest, order, command, advise, propose, require, request, demand, desire etc. 注意：suggest 当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist 表示”坚持认为“之意时，应用陈述语气。 The teacher suggested that we should clean the blackboard after class. 老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。 The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work. 他脸上的表情表明他对我们的工作很满意． He insisted that all of us be there on time by any means. 他坚持要求我们大家想尽办法按时去那里。 The man insisted that he had never stolen the money. 那个人坚持说他没有偷钱． 三、用于表语从句和同位语从句 在suggestion / proposal / order / plan / advice / idea / request /desire/ recommendation/resolution 等名词后的表语和同位语从句中要用“should＋动词原形” should可以省略． My advice is that you should practice speaking English as often as possible. 我的建议是你要尽可能经常地练习说英语。 The suggestion that the mayor should present the prizes was accepted by everyone. 每个人都接受由市长颁发奖金这一建议。 第五节虚拟语气在其他从句中 1. It is (high / about ) time that…从句中的谓语动词用过去式或should＋动词原形，should 不能省略．
高中英语虚拟语气知识 点及练习 内部编号：（YUUT-TBBY-MMUT-URRUY-UOOY-DBUYI-0128）
虚拟语气：虚拟证据表示说的话不是事实，或者不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或者与事实相反的假设等，一般常用于正式的书面语中。 一、虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法： 1、a. If I were you, I would apply for the job. b. If I lived near my office, I would walk to the office. 与现在事实相反，If条件从句谓语：过去式（be用were） 主句谓语：should / would / could / might+动词原形 2、a. If you had been more careful, You could have passed the exam. b. If you had turned off the gas, the house wouldn’t have caught fire. 与过去事实相反，If条件从句谓语：had+动词过去分词 主句谓语：should / would / could / might + have done 3、a. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. b. if it were to rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. c. If it rained tomorrow, we would not go camping. 与将来事实相反：If条件从句谓语：过去式 / should + v原形 / were + to do 主句谓语：should / would / could / might + do 二、混合虚拟条件句：不同时间的虚拟，各遵守各的规则，如： a. If you had followed the doctor’s advice, you would be quite all right now. 从句叙述与过去事实相反（had + done），主句叙述与现在事实相反（would + v）
人教版英语英语虚拟语气知识点梳理及练习(超详细) 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．–I argued with my best friend. What should I do? --If I ________ you, I would say sorry to her. A．am B．was C．are D．were 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：句意：我和我最好的朋友吵架了。我该怎么办？如果我是你，我就对她说对不起。虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。在虚拟条件语气句中，表示与现在事实相反的事实，条件从句中的谓语动词用过去式（be用were不用was），主句谓语动词为“would+原形动词”，所以选D。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．If I _____ you ,I _____ them the story. A. was , tell B．were , will tell C．were ,wou ld tell D．am. would tell 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会告诉他们这个故事。本题考查虚拟语气，if 从句中用一般过去时，主句中用would +动词原形，表示与现在的事实相反。故选C。 考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。 3． If I ______ you, I _____the job. A．was; will take B．was; would take C．were; would take D．were; will take 【答案】 C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我就要这份工作。If引导的句子是愿望时，用过去式表示，而且系动词用were,主句用would加原形。故选C。 考点: 考查虚拟语气的用法。 4． If I you,I buy a bike for him. A．was,would B．was,could C．were,would D．were,could 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会给他买一辆自行车。buy sth for sb给某人买某物；本句用的是虚拟语气，表示与现在的事实相反，在虚拟语气中不能用was,而用were，因此选C。 考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。 5．— What would you do if you _______ a million dollars?
高考虚拟语气用法详解 一·语气概述 和时态语态一样，语气也是谓语动词的一种形式，它表明说话者的目的和意图。英语中有三种语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。（有的语法书说语气有四种，即还包括疑问语气）。 eg：①He doesn’t see very well in his right eye .他右眼视力不太好。（陈述语气） ②Have they ever been to Australia ?他们去过澳大利亚没有？（疑问语气） ③Please read through the instruction in advance .请先通读说明书。（祈使语 气） 二·虚拟语气概述 在英语中，由于说话人的意图不同，动词需用不同的形式，称为语气。虚拟语气是指说话人表示一种假设的情况，一种愿望，怀疑，推测，请求等，即认为动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实。虚拟语气可用于状语从句，名词性从句，定语从句及其他结构中。 三·非真实条件句中的虚拟语气 真实条件句（遵循主将从现原则） A.由If引导的两种条件句： 非真实条件句（虚拟语气） 以下为If在非真实条件句中虚拟语气的形式和用法： 假设类型If从句主句 与现在事实相反did (be用were)should/would/ could/might do 与过去事实相反had done should/would/ could/might have done 与将来事实相反1)did 2)were to do 3)should do should/would/ could/might do eg：①If I were you ,I would reconsider their advice .如果我是你的话，我会重新考虑他们的意见。（与现在事实相反） ②You would not have caught a cold if you had put on more clothes .如果你多穿了些衣服，你就不会得感冒了。（与过去事实相反）
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中 ①错综时间条件句: 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。如： If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. ②if省略句 在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。如： If I were at school again, I would study harder. →Were I at school again, I would study harder. 如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力学习。 If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus. →Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus. 如果你来得早点，你就能赶上公共汽车。 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话，我们就不能登山去了。 ③用介词代替条件状语从句 常用的介词有with, without, but for。如： What would you do with a million dollars? (=if you had a million dollars) 如果你有100万元，你会做什么？
Unit13虚拟语气专题讲解 【知识要点】 语气（mood）是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。 英语有三种语气： ＊直陈语气（indicative mood）---- 事实 France lies to the east of England. ＊祈使语气（imperative mood）---- 请求、命令 Make yourself at home. ＊虚拟语气（subjunctive mood） If there were no air and water , we should not be able to live on the earth. 虚拟语气表示说话人的一种主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件而不一定是事实，或与事实相反。 一. 虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法 假设类型条件从句谓语 动词形式 主语谓语 动词形式 与现在事实相反动词的过去式(be用were而不用was) should/ would /could/ might+动词原形 与过去事实相反had + 过去分词 should/ would/could /might + have+过去分词 与将来事实相反1.should+动词原形 2.动词过去式 3.were to+动词原形 should/ would/ could/ might +动词原形 1. 在错综条件句子中，虚拟条件从句和主句动作发生的时间不一致，因此，主句和从句的谓语动词应根据所指的时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。 1）If I were you，I wouldn't have missed the film last night． 2）If he had followed the doctor's advice，he would recover already．（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。） 2、在if虚拟条件句中，有时可把连词省去，采用倒装语序把谓语动词were或助动词did，had，should 移到句 首构成非真实条件从句的另一种句型，其意思不变。 1）Had we time to spare，we would be glad to go to the park． 2）Were it not for the discovery of electricity，the modern world would experience great inconvenience． 3、有时假设的情况不用if引导虚拟条件从句来表述，而用介词（如without， but for等）引出的短语、分词 （如supposing等）引出的短语、并列连词（如or，otherwise，but，though等）、由动词suppose引出的祈使句或通过上下文的意思来表达。此时句中谓语动词仍采用虚拟语气的相应形式。 1）But for your advice，I would not be able to do this work． 2）Victor obviously doesn't know what's happened，otherwise he wouldn't have made such a stupid remark．。
高中英语虚拟语气总 结
虚拟条件句 Q: What’s the difference between the two sentences? If I am free, I will visit you. (______条件句) If I were a bird, I would fly into the sky. (______条件句) a. 真实条件句表示条件是真的或有可能实现的, 采用陈述语气。 真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况可能发生,其中if是“如果”的意思 条件从句主句 一般现在时 will \shall+动词原形 e.g. What will you do if it rains tomorrow? I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow. The football match _______ put off if it______(rain). b. 虚拟条件句表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的, 采用虚拟语气。 I. 虚拟语气？ 虚拟语气就是表示与真实情况相反的一种假设、愿望或推测。 Subjunctive mood is the verb form used to express a wish; a suggestion; a command or a condition that is contrary to a fact. If I ________(be ) the girl, I________________(want )a big hug. If I ______(meet ) Obama, I________________ (shake) hands with him. 1.同现在事实相反的假设 条件从句主句 过去式(were) should/would/mould/might/+ do If I had a lot of money, I would donate some to the people in need. 2.与过去事实相反的假设 条件从句主句 had done would/should/could/might + have done e.g. If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident in May, 2009.
新人教版高中英语习选修六Unit2语法：虚拟语气专项训练 一．单元语法——用所给动词的正确形式填空 1．My advice is that you _____________(go) there by train. 2．She knew everyone here as if she _____________ (live) here for many years. 3．It is important that we _____________ (make) good use of every minute. 4．The young man insisted that he _____________ (do) nothing wrong and _____________ (set) free immediately. 5．It’s time that our government _____________ (take) measures to improve the quality of the buildings. 二.用所给词的适当形式填空 (1) 1. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I________(not fall) in love, at the age of seven with Mary in my hometown. 2. How I wish every family____________(have) a large house with a beautiful garden! 3. If only he__________(lie) quietly as the doctor instructed, he wouldn’t suffer so much now. 4. If ____________(be) a man, she(go) to the front instead of her old father. 5. Don’t come this morning; I would rather you___________(come) the day after tomorrow. 6. But for the Party, he____________(die) of hunger 15 years ago. 7. It is necessary that she____________(attend) the college entrance examination. 8. The doctor recommended he______________(come) here for the sunshine before he started for home. (2) 1. We didn’t know his telephone number, otherwise we _____________________ (telephone) him. 2. But for the storm, we ____________________ (arrive) earlier. 3. I ________________ (go) to visit him in the hospital, but I ________________ (occupy) the whole of
虚拟语气 一、考点聚焦 1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 （1）表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式（be动词的过去式用were）”，而主句中的谓语动词用“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形”。如：If I were a boy, I would join the army. If the had time, she should go with you. （2）表示与过去的事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词则用“would / should / might / could + have +过去分词”。如： If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition. （3）表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般过去时或should(were to) + 动词原形，而主句中的谓语动词则用would / should/ could might + 动词原形。如； If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off. （4）当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。如： If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在) Were I a boy, I would join the army. Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded. Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain. 2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句 （1）虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。 ①“wish + 宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could + 动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”或“could(should) + have + 过去分词”。如： I wish it were spring all the year round. I wish I had known the answer. I wish I could fly like a bird. ②在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist request、command、order等后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用should + 动词原形或是动词原形。如： She suggested we (should)leave here at once. The doctor ordered she should be operated. （2）虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中
①错综时间条件句: 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。如： If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. ②if省略句 在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。如：If I were at school again, I would study harder. →Were I at school again, I would study harder. 如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力学习。 If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus. →Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus. 如果你来得早点，你就能赶上公共汽车。 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话，我们就不能登山去了。 ③用介词代替条件状语从句 常用的介词有with, without, but for。如： What would you do with a million dollars? (=if you had a million dollars) 如果你有100万元，你会做什么？ We couldn?t have finished the work ahead of time without your help. (=if we
高中虚拟语气精讲 英语动词有三种语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种 愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。 ●虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。 假如我有足够的钱, 我就去环游世界. If I had enough money, I would travel around the world. 假如我是你, 我就不会说那样的话. If I were you, I would not say that. 假如我听了你的建议, 我就不会犯错误了. If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake. 假如明天下雪的话, 我就不去野营了. If it should rain tomorrow, I wouldn’t go camping. ●有时表示虚拟语气的条件从句或者主句都可以省略，而只剩下一个 主句或者一个条件从句。 ●假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致， 叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间 而定。(“各归各”的原则） If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better. If you had followed the teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t fail the exam now. ●假设条件虚拟倒装。条件从句中有should，were，had三个助动 词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。 If I were you, I would give it up. Were I you, I would give it up. If it were not for your advice, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties. Were it not for your advice, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties. If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again. Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again. If there should be a flood, what should we do? Should there be a flood, what should we do? 没有阳光，人们的生活将于今天的截然不同。 Without sunlight, people’s life would be different from today. 要是没有你的帮助，我就不能完成那项工作。 But for your help, I wouldn’t have finished the work. With favorable winds, we might have arrived there in two days. ●with, or, otherwise, but, however 引导的从句如与事实不符，用虚拟 My parents lent me the money. Otherwise, I couldn't have afforded the trip.我父母借钱给我了。否则，我可付不起这次旅费。（虚拟） Shut the window, otherwise it'll get too cold in here. （非虚拟） I'm lucky that I'm interested in school work, otherwise I'd go mad.
㈠课程说明 教学目标： 虚拟语气是高考的重点，且难度较大。本次课程通过对虚拟语气知识点的复习讲解，总结概括，让学生知道虚拟语气是用来表示人的主观的愿望和假想，达到学生对知识点的熟练运用，在脑海中形成具有条理性的知识框架的目的。 教材分析： 虚拟语气是高考英语重点和难点，掌握好虚拟语气的重要性对每个参加高考的学生不言而喻。这次课程是高三第一轮复习时对虚拟语气的再次讲解和梳理，全部的知识都经过了高度的总结合概括，均是高考考点。 学生特征分析： 辅导的学生是高三年级，刻苦努力，理解能力较强，有一定的基础。基本知识掌握一般，且很多重要的知识点已经遗忘。 教学重点难点： 1、真实条件句和非真实条件句的用法。 2、虚拟语气用在主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句，定语从句中 的用法。 3、情态动词+ have + done的用法。 ㈡课前准备： 教学方法： 一对一辅导，面对面答疑，培养学生对英语的理解表达和思维的
能力，同时安排适当的练习，保证学生能够当堂消化所讲内容。 教学器材： 黑板，粉笔，草稿纸，教案，给学生的资料，如果有条件可以适当运用多媒体。 时间分配： 讲课40分钟，做练习题20分钟。 ㈢课程设计： 一、导入： If you were to succeed, everything would be all right. If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. （这两个句子是什么形式？之前学过还有印象吗？通过提问问题激发学生的思考能力，再次对学生的知识掌握能力进行了解。） 二、讲解虚拟语气基本知识 Ⅰ什么是虚拟语气？ 虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义。虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。 Ⅱ虚拟语气在真实条件句非真实条件句中 真实条件句：表示现实或可能变为现实的条件。 非真实条件句：表示非现实的，或不可能，或不大可能变为现实的条件。 （老师举例说明真实条件句和非真实条件句。）
人教版高二英语必修六语法点の虚拟语气 人教版高二英语必修六语法点の虚拟语气 虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。 一、if引导的条件状语从句的分类及虚拟条件句的判断 1、可以把条件句分为两类： 1).真实条件句：凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大，就是真实条件句。例如： (1)、If I have time, I will help you with this work. 如果我有时间会帮助你做此工作的。 (2)、If time permits, we’ll go fishing together. (如果有时间的话，我们就一起去钓鱼。） 2).虚拟条件句：当假设是不大可能实现时，就是虚拟条件句。例如： ⑴、If I were you, I would have attended the meeting. 如果我是你的话，就去参加会议了。 ⑵、If he had come here yesterday, he would have seen his old friend. 假如他昨天来这儿的话，就会看见他的老朋友。 (3)、If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home. （如果昨天下雨的话，我们就会留在家里。） 2、if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断 判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。 判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况：①与过去事实相反。②与现在事实相反。 ③与将来事实可能相反。 3、“后退一步法” 后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后，按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。即：在非真实条件状语从句中，谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。也就是： ①与过去事实相反，在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。 ②与现在事实相反，在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。 ③与将来事实可能相反，在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。 主句中则用情态动词would, should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。 例： (1) 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。如： If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我如果看过这场电影，我会把电影内容告诉你了。 If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早点到那儿，我就会会到了李先生。 (2) 与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。如：
虚拟语气专题 一虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用 1 在宾语从句中的应用 在表示建议、提议、命令、请求等意义的动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词要用should+原形动词，或者省略should，直接用动词原形。 常见的这类动词有： 1)坚持insist （意为“坚持认为”时用陈述语气） 2)命令order command 3)建议suggest advise propose 4)要求require request ask demand He demanded that the aggressor troops (should) be withdrawn immediately. （他要求侵略军马上撤出。） （1）在wish后宾语从句中的应用。 以动词do为例 （他们希望不必去那个地方。） I wish we had traveled yesterday when the weather was fine. （我真希望昨天天好时我们就出发了。） I wish she would come tomorrow. (我希望她明天来。) （2）在would/had rather，would/had/sooner, would (just)as soon后表示“宁愿……，宁可……，但愿……”的宾语从句中，其形式见下表 以动词do (他真愿现在就是冬天。) I’d just as soon she were not here tomorrow. (我真愿她明天不会在这里。) 2 在主语从句中的应用 （1）It is + 形容词/过去分词+ that +主语从句中的主语+ （should）+原形动词。 常用的这类形容词有：strange, necessary, urgent, possible, essential, important, crucial, insistentd，best等。
虚拟语气 英语动词有三种语气 We met in this room . 陈述语气 Do come to the meeting next Friday . 祈使语气 If I were you , I would study hard . 虚拟语气 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式(verb structure), 用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实(fact)，而只是一种假设(hypotheses )愿望(wishes)、建议(suggestion) 或怀疑(doubt)等等。 1.If 引导的条件状语从句（1） If I won the lottery now, I would buy an expensive car. 现在事实相反 If he had hurried ,he could have caught the train.
过去事实相反 If I were to go abroad ,I would go to America. 将来事实相反 2.名词性从句的虚拟语气 (1).Wish 引导的宾语从句 与现在事实相反：过去时（were） 与过去事实相反：had+过去分词 与将来事实相反：would/could/might+V e.g.: I wish I were a bird. I wish he hadn‘t done that. (do) I wish I would be rich in the future. （2)表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气 宾语从句中常见动词: 一个坚持, 两个命令, 三个建议, 四个要求。即 1). insist 2). order, command 3). advise, suggest, propose 4). demand, require, request, desire We suggested that Tom have a rest. He insisted that I (should) be present（出席的）. The king ordered that the prisoners be killed the next day. They requested that we (should) send them to work there.