2019-2020年高三第一次摸底考试英语试题I. Listening prehension (30’)Section A (10’)Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. An electrician. B. A dentist. C. A shop assistant. D. A bank clerk.2. A. The exam score. B. A soccer match. C. The world news. D. A basketball team.3. A. At a post office. B. At a flower shop. C. At a bus station. D. At a department store.4. A. 5 hours. B. 7 hours. C. 9 hours. D. 10 hours.5. A. Tim’s not seriously injured. B. Tim will get to hospital quickly.C. The woman’s heard all about Tim’s illness.D. The woman doesn’t know how Tim is now.6. A. She isn’t in the mood to travel. B. France is too far for family holiday.C. She has had too many holidays this year.D. Family holiday no longer interests her.7. A. She likes the hotel. B. The cost was unbelievably high.C. The cost was reasonable.D. She will stay overnight.8. A. Disapproval. B. Disappointment. C. Sympathy. D. Passion.9. A. The man is too forgetful. B. The man shouldn’t get annoyed.C. The man has too many keys.D. The man should attend more lessons.10. A. He wants to live in apartments. B. He thinks his signature is unnecessary.C. He has already signed a contract.D. He doesn’t always say what he means.Section B (12’)Directions:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following introduction.11. A. African slaves. B. White masters. C. Native dancers. D. Sport trainers.12. A. Having Kung fu experience. B. Being able to sing and play music.C. Wearing a green belt.D. Being strong and able to balance well.13. A. He uses his hands to keep the balance. B. He does contact his opponent.C. He is kicked by his opponent.D. He is pushed out of the circle.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Greet guests and talk to hotel staff.B. Have breakfast and examine room service.C. Prepare for the meeting and write new reports.D. Review the previous night’s reports and check emails.15. A. Saying hello to every guest. B. Considering different bath requirements.C. Dining with a different staff member.D. Holding various operational meetings.16. A. A day’s life of a hotel manager. B. The daily routine at a hotel.C. Hotel service and improvement.D. Meetings attended by a hotel manager.Section C (8’)Directions:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.plete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.plete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and Vocabulary (25’)Section A (16’)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best pletes the sentence.25.It is not so much the language _____ the cultural background that makes the book difficult tounderstand.A. asB. norC. butD. like26.When one has good health, _____ should feel fortunate.A. youB. theyC. heD. we27. A new laptop costs about _____ of a second-hand one.A. the price of three timesB. three times the priceC. as much as the three times priceD. three times more than the price28.Nancy’s gone to work but her car’s still there. She _____ by bus.A. must have goneB. should have goneC. ought to goD. could go29.Little _____ about her own safety, though she herself was in great danger.A. she caredB. cared sheC. may she careD. did she care30.After _____ seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the personnel manager's office.A. thatB. itC. whatD. there31.There is no doubt _____ the couple did the right thing in ing back home earlier than planned.A. whetherB. thatC. whyD. when32.My uncle is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is no longer the man _____ he was fifteenyears ago.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that33.The couple had no sooner got to the station _____ the coach left.A. whenB. asC. untilD. than34.My mind wasn’t on what he was saying, so I’m afraid I _____ half of it.A. was missingB. had missedC. will missD. missed35.—Has Sam finished his homework today?—I have no idea. He _____ it this morning.A. didB. has doneC. was doingD. had done36.After the meeting, Premier Wen Jiabao walked onto the platform, _____ himself in a chair andprepared for answering questions.A. seatingB. seatedC. being seatedD. had seated37.The second book was _____ by August 1952, but two years later, the end was still nowhere insight.A. pletedB. to have pletedC. to pleteD. to have been pleted38.You can hardly imagine the heated argument _____ far into the night.A. continueB. to continueC. continuingD. to have continued39.The version _____ to be closest to the author’s original now belongs to a national museum in Paris.A. is thoughtB. thoughtC. being thoughtD. thinking40.Not having finished his homework, _____ to watch TV.A. mother forbade himB. so he was forbiddenC. he forbadeD. he was forbiddenSection B (9’)Directions: plete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be usedWhat factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were __41__. The study of how genes and environment interact to influence psychological activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important __42__ to the biological revolution, providing information about the __43__ to which biology influences mind, brain and behavior.However, who wants to be told that there are __44__ to what you can achieve based on something that is beyond your control? It is easy to accept that genes control __45__ characteristics such as sex, race and eye color. But can genes also __46__ whether people will get divorced, how smart they are, or what career they are likely to choose? Increasingly, researches __47__ that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits(特征). From this viewpoint, people are born like __48__ photographs: The image is already captured, but the way it __49__ appears can vary based on the development process.However, the basic picture is there from the beginning.III. Reading prehension (50’)Section A (15’)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.“Congratulations, Mr. Smith! It's a girl.”Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and __50__ a different response from every man who hears these words. Some feel __51__ when they receive the news, while others worry, wondering whether they will be good fathers. Although some men like children and may have had __52__ experience with them, others do not particularly __53__ children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time. __54__ other couples, pregnancy was an accident that both husband and wife have accepted willingly or __55__.Whatever the __56__ to the birth of a child, it is obvious the shift from the role of husband to __57__ of a father is a difficult task. Yet, unfortunately, few attempts have been __58__ to educate fathers in this resocialization __59__. Although numerous books have been written about mothers, __60__ recently has literature focused on the __61__ of a father.It is argued that the transition to the father's role, though difficult, is not __62__ as great as the transition the wife must make to the mother's role, which seems to require a plete __63__ in daily routine. __64__, the father's role is less demanding and immediate.50. A. bring down B. bring forth C. bring off D. bring in51. A. emotional B. sentimental C. embarrassed D. proud52. A. considerate B. considerable C. considering D. considered53. A. care about B. care of C. care with D. care for54. A. For B. Of C. From D. Upon55. A. gladly B. cheerfully C. reluctantly D. resistantly56. A. reply B. reaction C. readiness D. reality57. A. what B. this C. one D. that58. A. taken B. tried C. made D. given59. A. step B. process C. point D. time60. A. / B. just C. quite D. only61. A. role B. work C. career D. position62. A. a little B. just C. nearly D. almost63. A. transformation B. realization C. socialization D. reception64. A. In addition B. Above all C. Generally D. HoweverSection B (22’)Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)65.The word “talion” in introducing the book Eye for an Eye is probably a concept of _____.A. medicineB. avengingC. tradeD. striving66.The book entitled A History of Modern Indonesia has focus on _____.A. 1andscapes and tourist attractions in IndonesiaB. its fourth largest population in the worldC. its social and political aspects in modern timesD. its relatively unfamiliar and understudied economy67.What do these books have in mon?A. Their authors are introduced in detail.B. They all have a hard back and a paperback.C. Each of them is mented by a professor.D. They are published by the same publishing house.(B)In the early 20th century, few things were more appealing than the promise of scientific knowledge. In a world struggling with rapid industrialization, science and technology seemed to offer solutions to almost every problem. Newly created state colleges and universities devoted themselves almost entirely to scientific, technological, and engineering fields. Many Americans came to believe that scientific certainty could not only solve scientific problems, but also reform politics, government, and business. Two world wars and a Great Depression rocked the confidence of many people that scientific expertise alone could create a prosperous and ordered world. After World War Ⅱ, the academic world turned with new enthusiasm to humanistic studies, which seemed to many scholars the best way to ensure the survival of democracy. American scholars are all over the world—with support from the Ford Foundation, the Fulbright program, etc.—to promote the teaching of literature and the arts in an effort to make the case for democratic freedoms.In the America of our own time, the great educational challenge has bee an effort to strengthen the teaching of what is now known as the STEM disciplines (science, technology, engineering, and math). There is much reasonable concern that the United States is falling behind much of the rest of the developed world in these essential disciplines. India, China, Japan, and other regions seem to be seizing technological leadership.At the same time, perhaps inevitably, the humanities—while still popular in key colleges and universities—have experienced a significant decline. Humanistic disciplines are seriously underfunded, not just by the government and the foundations but by academic institutions themselves. Humanists are usually among the lowest-paid faculty members at most institutions and are often lightly regarded because they do not generate grant ine and because they provide no obvious credentials (资质) for most nonacademic careers.Undoubtedly American education should train more scientists and engineers. Much of the concern among politicians about the state of American universi ties today is focused on the absence of “real world” education—which means preparation for professional and scientific careers. But the idea that institutions or their students must decide between humanities and science is false. Our society could not survive without scientific and technological knowledge. But we would be equally impoverished (贫困的) without humanistic knowledge as well. Science and technology teach us what we can do. Humanistic thinking helps us understand what we should do.It is almost impossible to imagine our society without thinking of the extraordinary achievements of scientists and engineers in building our plicated world. But try to imagine our world as well without the remarkable works that have defined our culture and values. We have always needed, and we still need, both.68.In the early 20th century Americans believed science and technology could _____.A. promote the nation’s social progressB. help raise people’s living standardsC. quicken the pace of industrializationD. solve virtually all existing problems69.Why did many American scholars bee enthusiastic about humanistic studies after World WarⅡ?A. They wanted to improve their own status within the current education system.B. They believed the stability of a society depended heavily on humanistic studies.C. They could get financial support from various foundations for humanistic studies.D. They realized science and technology alone were no guarantee for a better world.70.Why are American scholars worried about education today?A. America is lagging behind in the STEM disciplines.B. Some Asian countries have overtaken America in basic sciences.C. The STEM subjects are too challenging for students to learn.D. There are not enough scholars in humanistic studies.71.Why does the author attach so much importance to humanistic studies?A. They promote the development of science and technology.B. Humanistic thinking helps define our culture and values.C. They help prepare students for their professional careers.D. Humanistic thinki ng helps cultivate students’ creativity.(C)At the heart of the debate over illegal immigration lies one key question: are immigrants good or bad for the economy? The American public overwhelmingly thinks they're bad. Yet the consensus (共识) among most economists is that immigration, both legal and illegal, provides a small increase to the economy. Immigrants provide cheap labor, lower the prices of everything from farm produce to new homes, and leave consumers with a little more money in their pockets. So why is there such a difference between the views of immigrants' impact on the economy and the reality?There are a number of familiar theories. Some argue that people are anxious and feel threatened by an inflow of new workers. Others highlight the concern that undocumented immigrants place on public services, like schools, hospitals, and jails. Still others emphasize the role of race, arguing that foreigners add to the nation's fears and insecurities. There's some truth to all these explanations, but they aren't quite sufficient.To get a better understanding of what's going on, consider the way immigration's impact is felt. Though its overall effect may be positive, its costs and benefits are distributed unevenly. David Card, an economist at UC Berkeley, notes that the ones who profit most directly from immigrants' low-cost labor are businesses and employers –meatpacking plants in Nebraska, for instance, or agricultural businesses in California. Granted, these producers' savings probably translate into lower prices at the grocery store, but how many consumers make that mental connection at the checkout counter? As for the drawbacks of illegal immigration, these, too, are concentrated. Native low-skilled workers suffer most from the petition of foreign labor. According to a study by George Borjas, a Harvard economist, immigration reduced the wages of American high-school dropouts by 9% between 1980 and xx.Among high-skilled, better-educated employees, however, opposition was strongest in states with both high numbers of immigrants and relatively generous social services. What worried them most, in other words, was the fiscal (财政的) burden of immigration. That conclusion was supported by another finding: that their opposition appeared to soften when that fiscal burden decreased, as occurred with welfare reform in the 1990s, which prevented immigrants' access to certain benefits.The irony (讽刺) is that for all the overexcited debate, the net effect of immigration is minimal. Even for those most acutely affected – say, low-skilled workers, or California residents – the impact isn't all that dramatic. "The unpleasant voices have tended to dominate our perceptions," says Daniel Tichenor, a political science professor at the University of Oregon. "But when all those factors are put together and the economists calculate the numbers, it ends up being a net positive, but a small one." Too bad most people don't realize it.72.What can we learn from the first paragraph?A. Whether immigrants are good or bad for the economy has been puzzling economists.B. The American economy used to thrive on immigration but now it's a different story.C. The consensus among economists is that immigration should not be encouraged.D. The general public thinks differently from most economists on the impact of immigration.73.Why do native low-skilled workers suffer most from illegal immigration?A. They have greater difficulty getting welfare support.B. They have a harder time getting a job with decent pay.C. They are more likely to suffer conflicts between races.D. They are no match for illegal immigrants in labor skills.74.What is the chief concern of native high-skilled, better-educated employees about the inflow ofimmigrants?A. It may change the existing social structure.B. It may place great pressure on the state budget.C. It may lead to social instability in the country.D. It may pose a threat to their economic status.75.What is the irony about the debate over immigration?A. Even economists can't reach a consensus about its impact.B. Those who are opposed to it turn out to benefit most from it.C. There is no essential difference between seemingly opposite opinions.D. People are overanxious about something of small impact.Section C (5’)Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each76. _____European television had the idea of taking ordinary people and turning them into “stars”by putting them in unusual situations. “Big Brother” (created in Holland) was one of the first. A group of people were locked in a small house with cameras running 24 hours a day. It was called a “watch and dial” show because viewers vote by telephone to decide who should leave or stay.77. _____“Big Brother”was probably the first of the new reality shows, but such a programme has developed. Many have found appeal by having a theme to them, but most are based on the principle of “survival of the fittest”by eliminating participants as the series progresses. So we have the dating shows where winners either pair off or stay true to their partners outside the TV studio. Then there are those that test people’s abilities for specific jobs like running a kitchen, being an interior designer or a top model.78. _____Critics say these programmes are basically bad television, but people watch them. So why are there so many of them? For the viewer it’s an opportunity to “people watch”. It’s natural to likewatching other people. They’re interesting. We can imagine what we would do in that situation. We get to know the characters and see them grow and develop week after week. And of course, television is the perfect place to watch people. Like the theatre or cinema we can look at other people and they can’t look back. But with television, we can watch in the privacy of our own homes. We watch, but we don’t have to admit it to anyone.79. _____The TV panies like reality shows because they are cheap to produce and attract younger viewers, which advertisers like. The last “Big Brother” in Britain attracted enormous advertising revenue (收入). They aren’t dependent on “star” actors with enormous salaries. And your actors won’t go on strike. And why do people participate in them? Well, for fame and money of course. In the past, appearing on television wasn’t for ordinary people. You had to be good at something, like sport, or reading the news, or acting. But not any more.80. _____It seems that most shows do well at the beginning but then the viewing figures begin to fall. And it varies from country to country too. For example, one show had an adopted child try to guess the identity of her real father, and another had a family arguing over an inheritance (遗产). Both were cancelled after one episode. Perhaps the novelty has worn off. Certainly, reality TV seems to appeal much more to the younger audience. And now there are so many shows around even the young have bee more critical. Reality shows will probably survive—it’s just no longer so easy to make a successful one.Section D (8’)（写在答题纸上）Directions: Read the passages carefully. Then answer the questions or plete the statements in the fewest possible words.Most young boys are trained to believe that men should be strong, tough, and cool. Thus, they learn early to hide such emotions as love, joy, and sadness because they believe that such feelings imply weakness. Over time, some men bee strangers to their own emotional lives. It seems that men with these traditional views are more likely to hold back outward emotions and to fear emotions, supposedly because such feelings may lead to a loss of calmness. Keep in mind, however, that this view is challenged by some researchers. As with many gender(性别) gaps, differences in emotionality tend to be small, inconsistent, and dependent on the situation. For instance, Robertson and colleagues found that males who were more traditionally masculine(有男子气概的) were more emotionally expressive in a structured exercise than when they were simply asked to talk about their emotions.Males’ difficulty with “tender” emotions has serious consequences. First, emotions held back can contribute to stress-related disorders. And worse, men are less likely than women to seek help from health professionals. Second, men’s emotional inexpressiveness can cause prob lems in their relationships with partners and children. For example, men with traditional masculine norms report lower relationship satisfaction, as do their female partners. Further, children whose fathers are warm, loving, and accepting toward them have higher self pride and lower rates of aggression and behavior problems. On a positive note, fathers are increasingly involving themselves with their children. And 30 percent of fathers report that they take equal or greater responsibility for their children than their working wives do.(Note: Answer the questions or plete the statements in NO MORE THAN FIVE WORDS.)81.Most young boys have been trained to believe that men who show tender feelings are consideredto be ______________.82.Some men believe that if they expressed their emotions openly they might ______________.83.According to the author, men who hold back their emotions may develop ______________.84.Men who observe traditional masculine norms are said to gain less satisfaction from______________.第II 卷（共45分）I. Translation (20’)（写在答题纸上）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.当地人的友好与热情令游客们印象深刻。
