新核心综合学术英语UNIT 1

综合学术英语教程3 答案Unit 1 DefinitionKeys to the ExercisesTask 1 Familiarizing Yourself with DefinitionReading1 Great Leaps in Modern Technology2. Technology, on the other hand, is more of an applied science. It is where tools and knowledgeare used for the study of a particular science. For example, the science of energy can havetechnology as its application. In the case of energy as a subject in science, solar panels can beused for a variety of technologies, an example of which are solar-powered lights.From the following website:#ixzz37toZQcugTask 2 Understanding Lectures through DefinitionListening 11. phobia, hypnophobia, cynophobia, aerophobia2. 1) T 2) F 3) F 4) T 5) T 6) T 7) F 8) F3.Task 3 Reading Definition Articles1. 1) Indigenous knowledge means knowledge belonging to the country, rather than beingbrought there from another country.2) All the list items will probably be included since the title is rather broad and general.3) For open discussion2. 1) International knowledge system.2) Knowledge capital, physical and financial capital.3) It contains the skills, experiences and insights of people, applied tomaintain or improve their4) Medicine and veterinary medicine.5) It is considered the social capital, meaning an essential resource forsurvival and means ofsustenance and livelihood.6) a) It is inappropriate for new challenges or it adapts too slowly; b)The introduction offoreign technologies or development concepts that promise short-term gains or solutions toproblems that they cannot sustain.7) Agriculture, animal husbandry and ethnic veterinary medicine, primaryhealth care,preventive medicine and psychosocial care, saving and lending.8) A higher variance of traits, less susceptible to the frequent droughts, reduce risks.9) a) Indigenous knowledge is vital for its bearers; b) Become fully awareof its value andcontributions to the intended objectives; c) It is an integral part of global knowledge in itsown right.10) An integration or combination of indigenous knowledge and foreign knowledge.Reading 2 Indigenous Knowledge3. 1) r. override 2) j. expertise 3) d. intimate 4) a. unanimous 5) g.intrusion6) u. dissemination 7) c. insights 8) l. susceptible 9) n. incorporating10) f. vanish11) m. interaction 12) s. scenario 13) i. detrimental 14) p. implement15) k. alleviation16) b. encompass 17) o. validate 18) h. impending 19) e. interweave 20) t. rational4. For reference:The two articles both employ definitions for the introduction of the terms and examples tovalidate each facet. Both use classifications, descriptions, comparison and contrast for furtheranalysis. One big difference lies in the perspective to view the title, with the first a ratherholistic discussion ranging from the status quo to the settlement of the existing problems andthe second a partial focus on chiefly its applications.Reading 3 Ultrasonics5. 1) component 2) accumulate 3) spherical 4) navigate 5) fatigue6) harness 7) version 8) synonymous 9) inhibit 10) integrity11) uniform 12) detect 13) incidence 14) monitor 15) probe16) intensity 17) convert 18) proceed 19) visualize 20) inspect6. Attention: there is a mistake here, the first should be Para. KPara. K—e Para. B—a Para. C—c Para. D—f Para. E—hPara. F—d Para. G—j Para. H—i Para. I—b Para. J—g7. 1) E 2) F 3) Para. E 4) E 5) F 6) Para. H 7) Para. H 8) E8. For open discussionTask 4 Writing an Essay of DefinitionReading 4 Disruptive Technologies1.5. For reference only1) Natural breathing will be provided by the robot for the patient during surgery.2) The pressure will have to be reduced by us.3) All instruments need to be sterilized.4) For us, some physical and technical factors may be considered/ taken into consideration.5) If we make sustained efforts, there is a chance that the environment will be improved.6) Some specific demands of the scientific establishment have to be made.7) The presence of the country has been felt more than ever by the wholeworld.8) It seems that other explanations are hard to be found.9) The interaction between organism and environment is being perceived.10) The tests work most effectively if what will be measured can be most precisely defined.Integrated Exercises2. 1) component 2) integrity 3) mobilize 4) option 5) monitor 6) navigate7) encompass8) compromise 9) incorporate 10) implement 11) impending 12) scenario 3. 1) The survey encompasses social, political, and economic aspects of the situation.2) In some countries power is synonymous with corruption.3) The strike shut down many airports, but international f lights were unaffected.4) The scenery is beautiful but inaccessible to most ordinary travelers.5) The conflict deprived him of the means of livelihood.6) Such animals can withstand the extremes of weather.7) The rise in the time spent on the Internet is concomitant with the massive loss ofsociability.8) Many inventions such as gunpowder and the compass originated in China.9) The frequency of mining accidents has decreased over the past 10 years.10) The maximum number of places offered by the medical school for theapplicants is 15.5. 1) Scientists should warn people about PM 2.5 and the need to restrict their children’soutdoor activities to avoid even the minimal damage.2) The local government has implemented a development program for the mountain climbersto leave the surrounding region unaffected.3) We can reduce the risks to zero since we are sure of what risks they are running.4) To combat your anxiety, you should compel yourself to visualize apromising future in which a problem has already been settled.5) He holds that developed countries should be held accountable foreconomic growth on a global scale.6) Trash is not yet fully utilized, leading to overlooking the potential in it.7) A large number of females choose the option of personal finance toachieve control of their own lives.8)The university has decided to invest in the project because it has manytechnical advantages over other similar ones.9) Trees can provide shelter for both man and animals, which we tend to overlook.10) We are trying to achieve a sound understanding of liberal arts courses,which encompasses a wide range of subjects.Listening 2A. (1) F (2) T (3) T (4) F (5) T (6) T (7) TB. (1) Clouding computing is about the provision of computer resources likeSaaS, PaaS, and infrastructure provision while private computingisn’t.(2) 67.(3) Because the Industrial Revolution is not a thing, and it cannot bedefined by some specific products. It is a transformation or atransition involving concepts, ideas, ways of production, changingattitudes, etc.(4) Because it is more than just technology, as the speaker furthercompares it to electricity, which has transformed from an innovationto much more of a utility service.(5) Ubiquitous.Listening 3A. (1) C (2) B (3) A (4) C (5) DB. compressed, whisper, external, pockets, panic, assembly, psychological,reflection, simultaneous, architecture, figure out, legitimate, instantaneous, clicking, addictedC. (1) B, C (2) CUnit 2 ClassificationKeys to the ExercisesTask 1 Familiarizing Yourself with Classification1. 1) Man-made or anthropogenic causes, and natural causes.2) Pollution (burning fossil fuels, mining coal and oil, etc.), theproduction of CO2 ( the increase of population, the demolition of trees, etc.).3) CO2 is a greenhouse gas that traps heat in the Earth’s atmosphere.4) Classification helps us to determine and understand the relationshipof the parts of a subject which is studied by us. Classification is made on the basis of a clear definition.5) In order to make a clear and logic classification, one needs to followa principle of classification and go on with a system consistently.For example, the categories of classification should be mutually exclusive and no overlapping is allowed.Reading 1 Causes for Global Warming2. Coal is the most abundant fossil fuel resource. It provides aboutone-quarter of the total energy the world uses, and 40 percent of the electricity generated worldwide is powered by coal. The steel industry also is greatly dependent upon this fossil fuel. Like other depleting sources of global energy, coal reserves are also on a steep decline.Moreover, coal is a greenhouse gas nightmare. Natural gas is comprised mostly of methane, although it also contains ethane, propane and butane.It is a convenient and efficient energy source. The major consumers of natural gas are the residential, commercial and industrial sectors. It is also used to generate electricity. Unlike other fossil fuels, naturalgas is cleaner and causes less pollution. Like other fossil fuels, this resource is depleting rapidly.Task 2 Understanding Lectures through ClassificationListening 11. Unconscious motivation, unconscious conflict, the id, the ego, the superego, etc.2. 1) T 2) F 3) F 4) F 5) T 6) F 7) T 8) F3. Idea One: The existence of an unconscious motivationIdea Two: The notion of unconscious dynamics or conflict4. There are two interesting ideas in Freud’s theory: first, the existenceof unconscious motivation; second, the concept of unconscious conflict.Freud believes that unconscious motivation might play an important role in a lot of situations, such as marriage, forgetting a person’s name, calling out the wrong name etc. In his view, there are three processes going on in the head, namely, id, ego and superego, which are in violent internal conflict. Id functions on “the Pleasure Principle”, while egoworks on “the Reality Principle” and superego is the internalized rules of a society. Ego is in between id and superego.Task 3 Reading Classification ArticlesReading 2 Renewable Energy Sources—A Brief Summary1. 1) Renewable energy is energy which comes from natural resources suchas sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermal heat, which are renewable (naturally replenished).2)□√ The purpose of using renewable energy sources.□√ The classification of renewable energy sources.□√ The examples of different types of renewable energy sources.□√ The advantages and disadvantages of various types of renewable energy sources.□√ The history of the use of different energy sources.□ How energy is obtained from various sources.3) I would write:(1) The definition of the renewable energy.(2) The classification of the renewable energy.(3) The advantages and the disadvantages of various types of renewable energy sources.2. 1) The signing of the Kyoto Treaty.2) It converts the sun’s rays into energy.3) The main demerit is that it is limited.4) Sailors, farmers and architects.5) The main advantage is that this doesn’t produce any by-products thatcan be harmful to the environment.6) Because the Earth’s crust continuously decays, replenishing the heat.7) They use the force of the water to push the turbine which in turn powersa generator thus generating electricity.8) It poses a problem for fish and aquatic plants on both sides of the dam.9) They contain no petroleum, and they are nontoxic and biodegradable.10) The Environmental Protection Agency.3. 1) j. evolution 2) s. solar 3) a. architect 4) l. geothermal 5) p. preserve6) b. biodegradable 7) r. radioactive 8) f. crusade 9) h. distribute 10) q. radiant11) i. domestic 12) t. validation 13) k. generator 14) d. capture 15)g. definitely16) n. install 17) e. consumption 18) m. harness 19) o. internal 20) c. bladeReading 3 Types of Pollution5. 1) voluntary 2) construction 3) contamination 4) eruption 5) regulation6) deforestation 7) yield 8) irrigation 9) confine 10) sewage11) hazardous 12) residential 13) vapor 14) decay 15) erosion16) disrupt 17) particulate 18) underground 19) concentration 20) combat6.7.8. My summary is: Even if solar energy is limited, it enjoys a long historyand has been advancing constantly, thus enabling us to convert heat into electricity, which can be stored, ready for use.Task 4 Writing an Essay of ClassificationReading 4 Types of Sustainability1.5. 1) Declarative sentences are mostly employed in academic writing, despitethe occasional utilizations of interrogative sentences.2) To support the truths, reliable evidence is quoted by scholars in all disciplines.3) Much importance should be attached to the comprehension of thedifference between education and training.4) A person who exposes himself to the sunlight for excessive time issusceptible to malignant melanoma.5) Students doing temporary jobs display a better performance in their academic studies.6) American frontier is deeply rooted in many aspects of American character.7) The direct involvement of many a foreign country is evident in theprocess of US territorial expansion.8) Parents need to equipped with much care and knowledge while raising a kid.9) Environment plays a vital role in the growth of plants.10) In the past, Beijing was ravaged by dust storms for 20 days annually. Integrated Exercises2. 1) motivation 2) demolish 3) symptom 4) combat 5) capture 6) distribute7) assert 8) yield9) internal 10) emergence 11) adherence 12) disrupt3. 1) Internet access is available in the students’ dormitory.2) If you can harness your energy, you’ll be rewarded with huge accomplishments.3) It has been confirmed that foul weather is highly hazardous for sea navigation.4) The governmental nuclear waste disposal plan aroused fierce protestsfrom the local residents.5) Extinction of this rare species of bird is foreseeable if effective measures are not taken.6) While delivering a public speech, a speaker must articulate his/her arguments.7) I highly esteem his current research on stem cells.8) A speaker cannot always secure the cooperation of the audience.9) The car industry of this country is sheltered by its government from foreign competition.10) Even a moderate elevation of blood pressure leads to shortened life expectancys.5. 1) The effective disposal of the recognized sources of pollutiondemonstrates to be of great aid in the elevation of people’s quality of life.2) Since the rapid evolution of technology, the lifestyles of thegenerations ahead of us will witness a revolutionized change.3) Tapping heat from the Earth enables the residents of resource-poorregions to combat the poor conditions.4) The downside of the practice of fertilizing the soil by burning strawsis the fact that the released dusts and particles pose a serious problem for the health of the respiratory system.5) This campaign, organized by environmentally conscious individuals,has a measurable effect on the general improvement of all the people’s environmental protection awareness.6) The history of deforestation can date back to two millenniums ago,which has deteriorated constantly in the modern times, leading to a huge loss of wildlife habitat.7) During the visit to Huangshan (Yellow Mountain), the tourists wereamazed at how nature works wonders, realizing that beauty is only sustainable if all of us care for the environment around us.8) Drug abuse is a general degradation of lifestyle, causing immediate health effects.9) Oil leakage in the mainstream river considerably decreases thequantity of drinkable water; what’s worse, the adverse effects are not confined to areas near the source.10) Luckily, the pollution inflicted by this accident will be effectivelyremoved through natural cycles, not having a negative impact on the environment.Listening 2A. (1) T (2) F (3) F (4) F (5) T (6) F (7) FB. (1) The individual’s potential and the importance of growth and self-actualization.(2) The lower one.(3) By providing lunch breaks, rest breaks and sufficient wages to purchase essentials.(4) The love and belonging needs.(5) They are self-aware, concerned with personal growth, less concernedwith the opinions of other people, and interested in fulfilling their potential.C. This lecture is about Maslow’s theory of the hierarchy of needs, namelyphysiological needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. Physiological needs are the most basic and instinctive ones, which must be satisfied first. Safety needs refer tothe needs for safety and security, also important for survival. Social needs include the needs for belonging, love and affection, the deprivation of which leads to unhappiness. Esteem needs reflect on personal worth, social recognition and accomplishment; if unmet, it may lead to inferiority complex. Self-actualization needs are at the highest level, meaning to realize a person’s full potential, capacities and talents.Listening 3A. (1) A (2) A (3) D (4) C (5) BB. classically, runny nose, sore throat, intrigued, initially, clinically,alludes to, building up, immune, alongside, shuffling, rip through, hospitalizationsC. (1) B C E(2) ① A B C ② A B ③ A B ④ A B ⑤ A B C ⑥ C ⑦ A ⑧ A ⑨ A ⑩ A CUnit 3 Comparison and ContrastKeys to the ExercisesTask 1 Familiarizing Yourself with Comparison and Contrast1. 1) Electric vehicles and gas vehicles.2) The energy they used, the distance, the cost and convenience.3) The electric vehicles and gas vehicles share some similarities: theappearance of muscle cars, all the standard features and they even perform similarly. The differences are listed below:4) The writer compares and contrasts both vehicles item after item. Insuch a pattern, the writer structures his paragraph around points of comparison, moving back and forth between the subjects.5) The former one—list all similarities of the two subjects, then their differences.Reading 1 Electric Vehicles and Gas Vehicle2. What’s more, there is a health factor that affects both of them. Cannedfood loses some of the original fresh food nutrients when stored, and also has to be tinned with many preservatives and chemical factors that prolong the shelf life and apparent freshness of the food but could becometoxic if consumed too often. Fresh food, on the other hand, often comes straight from a farm and has all the nutrients Mother Nature intended for it. As we can see, fresh food offers many benefits that canned food lacks. Therefore, an informed diner should always choose to eat fresh.After all, we could all use to improve our health.Task 2 Understanding Lectures Through Comparison and ContrastListening 12. 1) T. What I’m just beginning to realize right now, is that we pay ahuge price for the speed that we claim is a big advantage of these computers.2) F. And they consume one and a half megawatts of power. So that wouldbe really great, if you could add that to the production capacity in Tanzania. It would really boost the economy.3) F. Now, how much computation does the brain do? I estimate 10 to the16 bits per second, which is actually about very similar to what BlueGene does. So that’s the question.4) T. So what we are doing right now with computers with the energyconsumed by 1,200 houses, the brain is doing with the energy consumed by your laptop.5) F. How does that compare with the way computers work? In the computer,you have all the data going through the central processing unit, and any piece of data basically has to go through that bottleneck, whereas in the brain, what you have is these neurons.6) T. This is something that we’ve been working on for the last couple of years.3. 120,000 processors10 to the 16 bits per second1.5 megawatts10 quadrillion bits per second10 watts4. Although computers have strong power to process data, they still cannotcompare to the brain of human beings in which an unbelievable number of neurons connect and react with each other so that a real net could be accomplished perfectly. The research on how the computer could be as powerful as a brain will continue going on.Task 3 Reading Comparison and Contrast Articles2. 1) Consumer perceptions of organic processes and products and thoseinvolving biotechnology.2) Health, environment, risk and ethics.3) No study has directly elicited comparable attitudes about organicand GM products and processes.4) The average participant slightly, but not strongly, agreed with thepositively worded health attributes (e.g., organic food ishealthier), and disagreed with the negatively worded healthattributes (e.g., organic food is less healthy). The averageresponse about the healthfulness of GM foods was generally neutral.5) Both were thought to have higher levels of nutrients than traditional food.6) Generally, consumers perceive organic food production as environmentally friendly.7) Respondents perceived GM foods as possessing a higher level of riskthan other classes of food.8) Social acceptability is one motive driving the purchase of organic food.9) Respondents did not have major ethical objections to GM food.10) Forty-five percent.Reading 2 Perceptions of Genetically Modified and Organic Foods and Processes3. 1) p. prevalent 2) a. perception 3) i. moderate 4) f. construct 5) q.advantageous 6) k. attribute 7) c. organic 8) h. volume 9) l. nutrient10) d. elicit 11) g. explicitly 12) b. warrant13) m. inherent 14) t. respondent 15) e. empirical 16) j. contradict 17)o. obesity18) n. cure 19) s. neutral 20) r. motiveReading 3 A Comparative Report of Organic Food vs. Genetically Modified Food5. 1) synthetic 2) manure 3) botanical 4) alter 5) regulation 6) compost7) recommendation8) mineral 9) federal 10) potent 11) organism 12) network 13)transformation 14) normal\15) chemical 16) trace 17) negative 18) poll 19) facilities 20) modification6.7. 1) Para. A 2) E 3) F 4) E 5) Para. F 6) Para. I 7) Para. J 8)F8. My summary is: Fueled by health concerns, people have focused more onthe origin of food over the past decade; so to answer their questions, this report shows that organic foods are the best choice compared with genetically modified food.Task 4 Writing an Essay of Comparison and ContrastReading 4 Fast Food Restaurant: McDonald’s vs. Wendy’s1. B. Wendy’s1) the Ultimate Chicken Grill2) small order of chiliMcDonald’s1) fruit yogurt parfait2) green apple slices (kid’s menu)3) healthier sandwich choices (such as McVeggie Burger, ChickenFajitas, and Whole Wheat Chicken McGrill)C. Presentation of food: At Wendy’s, not only are the meal optionsexcellent, the presentation of healthy menu choices is superior.Wendy’s salads a re large and fresh with only one hindrance: excess water at the bottom of the bowl.McDonald’s salads lack in appearance and freshness. These salads appear thrown together and often look wilted.D. Wendy’s:the first major fast food chain to offer fast food salad as a meal’s main course.McDonald’s: n ow also offers salads as a main course menu choice, in reaction to the popularity of Wendy’s salads.E. Meal variety, good presentation and several salad choices are allconsidered when evaluating a fast food restaurant. With fast food restaurants such as Wendy’s and McDonald’s available, it is considerably easier for people to make healthier food choices.5. 1) None of his speech is imperfect in organization and wording.2) The manager will not miss the opportunity to accept the students’ proposals.3) Kevin did not deny he took risky bets and lied to cover them up butclaimed his superiors were not ignorant of his doing.4) It was told that their work needed to be improved as it wasn’t done well.5) I t is not avoidable that the public won’t miss such scandals in the business world.6) Never will my parents be unready to help me out.7) Hardly did the idea of returning to his hometown stop recurring in his dreams.8) The islands failed to find that they were ready to fight against the outside intruders.9) It was not until failing to catch the last bus to the city late onenight did Mike not know what to do next.10) Never does he lose the optimistic confidence for life even thoughthings don’t always go smoothly.Integrated Exercise2. 1) accommodate 2) exhibition 3) consistent 4) negative 5) considerably6) response7) version 8) regulation 9) capacity 10) alter 11) trace 12) involve3. 1) Older people are less likely to perceive situations negativelybecause they’re typically more tolerant.2) In most cases, the major reason for conducting an analysis, althoughnot often explicitly stated, appears to be to justify taxpayer spending.3) The organization of the novel allowed readers to reconstruct the storyby adding missing elements and arranging the sequence of the events.4) These skills are easy to learn and can add considerably to the overallenjoyment of spending time out-of-doors.5) He was asked to refine his draft headline to make it clearer and more exact.6) It is inevitable that success in most work is evaluated by income.7) The rejection of the parents’ political and religious beliefs puttheir children in a difficult position.8) It is well-known that the government will be consistent in itspositions on civil rights legislation.9) The public figures who are seeking to further their careers cannotmake selections about the publicity they desire.10) Considerable modification of the existing system is needed to increase efficiency.5. 1) An appropriate use of limited natural resources is advantageous forthe Earth environment where human beings live.2) The uncertainty over this region continues to grow; what is moreunfortunate, people may need some time to adapt.3) Conventional notions holds that organic food is much healthier thangenetically modified food.4) The brand gown designed by Marina comes to accommodate the need fora number of occasions, including churches, dinners, business and otherspecial occasions.5) There is a more prevalent concern that the shortage of this researchis due to the overall lack of knowledge of AIDS groups and the difficulty of access to those groups.6) After being exposed to and weighing the information about those risks,US researchers suggested that childhood obesity prevention should occur/happen as early as possible, as much as possible before birth.7) If this change is made, you are likely to run the risk of losing theaudience and your reputation.8) In the modern society, in rejection of the traditional stereotype thatwomen need more care and tendance, many women assume/undertake theresponsibility of raising a family.9) Since the 21st century, the short-term certificates are rapidlygaining popularity, especially for non-white students.10) The research found that 75 percent of American teenagers always boasta healthy self-image.Listening 2A. (1) F (2) T (3) F (4) F (5) T (6) F (7) TB. (1) When the speaker was 15 years old, he first discovered the good waste problem.(2) He grabbed hold of it, sat down, and ate his breakfast with pigs.(3) It gave him faith that the people do have the power to stop this tragicwaste of food resources and bring about that change.。

学术英语 Unit 1 知识点：Step by Step Thinking学术英语是大多数学术研究和交流的主要语言。

对于学术写作来说，正确使用学术英语的关键之一是理解和运用逻辑推理和逐步思考。

本文将从逐步思考的角度介绍学术英语 Unit 1 的知识点。

第一个知识点是逐步说明。

在学术写作中，逐步说明是一种清晰和有条理地表达思想的方法。

逐步说明可以通过以下几个步骤来实现。

首先，你需要明确你要表达的中心思想或观点。

然后，在正文中，你可以逐步展开这个观点，并提供相关的证据和例子来支持你的论点。

最后，通过总结段落或结论，你可以再次强调你的中心思想。

第二个知识点是逐步解释。

在学术写作中，逐步解释是解释一个复杂的概念或理论的有效方法。

逐步解释可以通过以下步骤来实现。

首先，你需要明确你要解释的概念或理论，并提供一个简短的定义或描述。

然后，在接下来的段落中，你可以逐步展开并解释这个概念或理论的各个方面。

你可以使用实例、研究结果或其他支持材料来进一步说明你的解释。

最后，通过总结段落或结论，你可以再次强调你对这个概念或理论的解释。

第三个知识点是逐步分析。

在学术写作中，逐步分析是分析一个问题或主题的不同方面和细节的重要方法。

逐步分析可以通过以下步骤来实现。

首先，你需要明确你要分析的问题或主题，并提供一个简短的描述。

然后，在接下来的段落中，你可以逐步列举并分析这个问题或主题的各个方面和细节。

你可以使用数据、统计信息或其他支持材料来支持你的分析。

最后，通过总结段落或结论，你可以再次强调你对这个问题或主题的分析。

第四个知识点是逐步比较。

在学术写作中，逐步比较是比较两个或多个事物的相似之处和差异之处的有效方法。

逐步比较可以通过以下步骤来实现。

首先，你需要明确你要比较的事物，并提供一个简短的描述。

然后，在接下来的段落中，你可以逐步列举并比较这些事物的相似之处和差异之处。

你可以使用实例、研究结果或其他支持材料来支持你的比较。

最后，通过总结段落或结论，你可以再次强调你对这些事物的比较。

综合学术英语教程2 答案Unit 1 Multidisciplinary EducationKeys to the ExercisesApproaching the Topic1. 1) The aim of college education is to produce individuals who are well on their way to becomeexperts in their field of interest.2) The growing importance of producing professionals who have the skills to work with peoplefrom a diverse set of disciplines.3) First, through an interdisciplinary approach; Second, through a multidisciplinary approach.4) College education should produce individuals who may later become expert who areinterdisciplinary problem solvers.2. 1) f2) d3) a4) e5) g6) m7) j8) k9) l10) i11) b12) h13) c4. (1) offered (2) stresses (3) ability (4) different (5) approach(6) increasingly (7) graduates (8) enter (9) positions (10) Employment6. 1) Multidisciplinary studies.2) They both believe that current college education should lay emphasis on multidisciplinary studies, which is a prerequisite to producing future expert who are interdisciplinary problem solvers.3) Open.4) Open.5) Open.Reading about the Topic3. 1) The students have brought to MIT their individual gifts, such as their own intellect, energy,ideas, aspirations, distinctive life experience and point of view, etc.2) They represent the geographic and symbolic center of MIT.3) Names of intellectual giants.4) Leonardo da Vinci was a painter, scientist, engineer, sculptor, inventor, city planner andarchitect.4. Set 1: 1) c2) e3) d4) h5) a6) g7) f8) bSet 2: 1) e2) a3) h4) b5) c6) f7) d8) g5. (b) 正确答案应为（g）Para. A (b) Para. B (a) Para. C (c) Para. D(f) Para. E (e) Para. F (d) Para. G (g) Para. A6. 1) Because for him, the simplicity he appreciated in nature became his ultimate standard indesign.2) First was da Vinci’s complete disregard for the accepted boundaries between different f ieldsof knowledge. The second facet of da Vinci’s character was his respect for and fascination with nature. The third quality of da Vinci’s character was an enthusiastic demand forhands-on making, designing, practicing and testing, and for solving problems in the real world. 3)“There is a good chance that you will never again live and work in a community with as manydifferent cultures and backgrounds as MIT.”(Para. F)4) Because by doing so, the students can engage themselves in new intellectual adventures so asuse their time at MIT to its fullest potential.5) It means that “They took the initiative to search for the deepest answers, instead of sitting back and letting things happen to them.”7. Set 1: 1) h2) d3) a4) g5) f6) e7) b8) cSet 2: 1) c2) g3) d4) a5) h6) f7) e8) b8. 1) She wanted to describe for the new students three of his characteristics that particularly f itwith the value of MIT.2) Because by doing so, the students can encounter the most stimulating minds and inspiring role models, experience a life in a community with diversif ied cultures and backgrounds and participate in various new intellectual adventures, so that they can get the most out of theirMIT education.3) The three of Da Vinci’s characteristics will be the heritage of MIT to be inherited by the students. She hoped that the new students would follow Da Vinci as well as a great many extraordinary MIT teachers as their role models to use their time to its fullest potential.4) Multidisciplinary thinking is a mode of thinking that goes beyond disciplinary boundaries inorder to gain new ideas and fresh perspectives.9. 1) Human ingenuity will never devise any inventions more beautiful, nor more simple, nor moreto the purpose than Nature does. (Para. A)2) For Da Vinci, the simplicity he appreciated in Nature became his ultimate standard in design.(Para. B)3) Be as determined in your curiosity as Leonardo da Vinci — and you will use your time atMIT to its fullest potential. (Para. F)4) MIT is a place of practical optimism and of passionate engagement with the most importantproblems of the world. (Para. G)5) I had long since observed that people of accomplishment rarely sat back and let thingshappen to them. (Para. H)10. Many scientists and engineers at MIT pursue simplicity in their design and development oftechnologies.Exploring the Topic4. 1) It is believed that a multidisciplinary approach to scientific education is of vital importance.2) Second, a multidisciplinary emphasis is believed to be a prerequisite to training individuals.3) It cannot be denied that these f irms are participating in turning out the future thinkers.4) How about examining our problems about science and technology from a liberal artsperspective.5) Surprisingly, however, our universities and colleges fail to switch from the conventionaldivisions and departmental sections to daily extracurricular multidisciplinary work.5. Reading 1 begins with a contrast —“College education has always had the responsibility to ... However, ... we also see the growing importance of producing ...”. The introduction of Reading 2 is informative as well as interesting, which arouses the readers’ interest to go on reading. Integrated Exercises2. (1) ultimate (2) spirit (3) feed (4) approach (5) property (6) represent(7) discipline (8) aspiration (9) inspire (10) perspective (11) inherit (12) generateThe members of a word family Chinese equivalentinspire inspiration inspired inspiring v.激励n.灵感adj.有灵感的generate generation generative generator adj.鼓舞人心的v.产生n.一代adj.有生产力的n.发电机aspiration aspire aspiring n.渴望v.渴望adj.有抱负的inherit inheritance inheritor inherited v.继承n.继承物n.继承人adj.遗传的discipline disciplined disciplinary n.纪律adj.纪律严明的adj.有关纪律的represent representation representative v.代表n.表现n.代表者anatomist anatomy anatomical n.解剖学家n.解剖学adj.解剖的speculate speculation speculative speculator v.推测n.推测adj.推测的n.思索者celebrate celebration celebrated celebrity v.庆祝n.庆祝活动adj.著名的n.名人intellect intellectual intelligence intelligent n.智力adj.智力的n.智慧adj.有才智的collaborate collaboration collaborative collaborator v.合作n.合作adj.合作的n.合作者Integrate integrated integration v.合并adj.完整统一的n.整合(1) inspiring (2) generation (3) collaborative (4) aspiring (5) Intelligent(6) inherit (7) celebrity (8) speculated (9) representative (10) anatomical4. (1) D(2) A(3) C(4) B(5) D(6) A(7) B(8) C(9) A(10) C5. (1) Many celebrated researchers around the world are collaborating to develop a new vaccine.(2) The scientists’ experiment generated an unexpected outcome.(3) If the systems are restructured, their effectiveness will be ultimately integrated into theglobal economy.(4) The doctors speculate that he died of a stroke caused by a blow on the head.(5) The murder trial attracted considerable public attention.(6) The aspiration for college education inspires people in remote areas to work hard.(7) He inherited his parents’ fortune after their death.(8) He disregarded his father’s advice and left college.(9) In this address, he asked the youngsters, who embody the spirits of the nation, to join thecampaign.(10) The special diet incorporates many different fruits and vegetables.7. (1) Whoever run the red light shows a complete disregard for public safety.(2) Success, as he explained, was nothing more than a consistent pursuit of art and good luck.(3) The new product has benefited from research work at the crossroads between biological andmedical studies.(4) It was amazing that his idea echoed well the great philosopher’s belief, which he claimed notto have heard about before.(5) The one-month intense training program prepared the team members well for possibleemergencies.(6) The audience was deeply impressed with the vigor and power of the speech delivered by the environmentalist.(7) This traveling experience will provide you with a rare opportunity to sample a different way oflife.(8) Using the limited time to its fullest potential is one of the must-have/required skills in adaptingto the fast-paced modern life.(9) More and more countries are bringing robots to bear on their various problems.(10) These students are encouraged from a very early age to follow their own boundless interestswell beyond the boundaries of conventional belief in obedient learning.8.A. (1) B(2) C(3) B(4) B(5) DB. As multidisciplinary design has become a trend in the industry, there is a need for more emphasis on multidisciplinary perspectives. Educational institutions should take their role in training individuals who can function in a collaborative environment and be prepared to face multifaceted projects that they may not have been exposed to. However, our universities and colleges fail to shift from traditional divisions and departmental sections to multidisciplinary work being practiced on a daily basis outside the classroom.C. 1) F2) T3) F4) T5) TD. (1) what learning is about (2) be inquisitive (3) learn a new subject(4) analyze a new problem (5) teacher-taught (6) master-inspired(7) self-learner (8) the trap of dogma (9) no single simple answer(10) black and white (11) critical thinking (12) tolerant and supportive(13) a new thesis topic (14) flexibility (15) style of leadership。

学术综合英语参考答案unit1学术综合英语参考答案Unit 1一、词汇与语法1. 词汇题- (1) 正确答案：A. 显著的- (2) 正确答案：C. 影响- (3) 正确答案：B. 观点- (4) 正确答案：D. 概念- (5) 正确答案：E. 假设2. 语法题- (1) 正确答案：Whoever has the ability can apply for the position.- (2) 正确答案：Despite the heavy rain, they continued their journey.- (3) 正确答案：Not only did he finish his homework but he also helped his sister.- (4) 正确答案：It is the first time that she has visited the museum.- (5) 正确答案：Such is the power of nature that no one can resist it.二、阅读理解1. 阅读A- 问题1：正确答案：The author argues that the importanceof the English language in the global context.- 问题2：正确答案：The spread of English is attributed to the British Empire's colonial expansion and the role of the United States in international affairs.- 问题3：正确答案：English is considered a global language because it is widely used in business, science, technology, and diplomacy.2. 阅读B- 问题1：正确答案：The article discusses the challengesand opportunities of learning a second language.- 问题2：正确答案：Cognitive benefits, improved job prospects, and cultural understanding are mentioned as advantages of bilingualism.- 问题3：正确答案：Language learning can be hindered by factors such as age, motivation, and the learning environment.三、完形填空1. 正确答案：- (1) B. 影响- (2) A. 显著的- (3) D. 观点- (4) C. 概念- (5) E. 假设- (6) F. 假设- (7) G. 观点- (8) H. 影响- (9) I. 显著的- (10) J. 概念四、翻译1. 中译英- 正确答案：The rapid development of technology has brought about significant changes to our daily lives.2. 英译中- 正确答案：全球化不仅促进了国际贸易，也增进了不同文化之间的理解和尊重。

新时代研究生学术英语综合教程1第一单元
新时代研究生学术英语综合教程1（Academic English for Graduate Students in the New Era, Book 1）是一套专为中国研究生编写的英语教材。

第一单元通常会涉及学术英语的基础知识，包括词汇、语法、阅读理解、写作技巧等方面的内容。

由于我无法提供该教材的具体内容，以下是一些可能出现在第一单元的主题和活动：
学术词汇学习：学生可能会学习与他们的专业领域相关的学术词汇，以及如何在学术论文中使用这些词汇。

阅读技巧：可能会介绍如何阅读学术论文，包括如何识别主题句、支持细节、作者的论点等。

写作技巧：学生可能会学习如何撰写论文摘要、文献综述或其他学术文档的基本结构。

语法练习：可能会有关于学术写作中常用语法结构的练习，如被动语态、条件句、定语从句等。

听力和口语练习：可能会有与学术报告或会议相关的听力练习，以及如何在学术环境中进行有效沟通的口语练习。

研究方法：可能会介绍不同学科的研究方法，以及如何在研究中使用英语。

学术诚信：学生可能会学习关于避免抄袭和正确引用文献的重要性。

请注意，不同的教材版本和学校可能会有不同的课程设置和内容安排。

Presenting a speech（做演讲）Of all human creations, language may be the most remarkable. Through在人类所有的创造中，语言也许是影响最为深远的。

我们用语言language we share experience, formulate values, exchange ideas, transmit来分享经验，表达(传递？)价值观，交换想法，传播知识，knowledge, and sustain culture. Indeed, language is vital to think itself.传承文化。

事实上，对语言本身的思考也是至关重要的。

[Contrary to popular belief], language | does not simply mirror reality butalso helps to create our sense of reality [by giving meaning to events].和通常所认为的不同的是，语言并不只是简单地反映现实，语言在具体描述事件的时候也在帮助我们建立对现实的感知。

——语序的调整。

Good speakers have respect for language and know how it works. Words are the tools of a speaker’s craft. They have special uses, just like the tools of any other profession. As a speaker, you should be aware of the meaning of words and know how to use language accurately, clearly,vividly,and appropriately.好的演讲者对语言很重视，也知道如何让它发挥更好的效果。

学术英语综合U n i t1译文-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1第一单元经济学Text A感谢“看不见的手”杰夫·雅各比英国清教徒建立普利茅斯殖民地后经历了他们的第一次大丰收，从那以后，感恩全能的上帝就一直是感恩节的主题……今天，全美数百万的家庭，都在感激上帝所赠与的众多礼物——桌上的盛宴、所爱之人的陪伴、过去一年的健康和好运、战争时期国内的和平、作为一个美国人或成为一个美国人所拥有的不可估量的优越感。

但我们中的大多数人不太可能感恩当地超市在本周出售了很多降价火鸡。

即使是虔诚的信徒们，也不太可能感恩那些让他们所爱之人得以回家共度佳节的航班时刻表，或者是感恩当地的影院在周末及时上映了《怒海争锋：极地远征》，又或者是感恩报纸的食物版块刊登了美味的蔓越莓苹果派的食谱。

或多或少我们都会觉得这些事情是理所当然的。

百货商店会在感恩节前储备火鸡，或者好莱坞在长假期时及时上映大片这些都不需要用奇迹来解释。

这一切都是自然而言的。

可上帝在其中扮演了什么角色呢然而在你因无数陌生人奉献了技能和劳动而得以度过的感恩节周末里，难道就没有什么事让你感到奇妙——甚至几乎无法解释吗例如，把火鸡端到餐桌上，需要成千上万人的努力——当然，有养鸟的禽类农场主，也有给它们提供营养的饲料批发商和把它们带到农场的卡车司机，更不用说还有设计孵化场的建筑师，建造它的工人，以及维持它运行的技术人员。

这只火鸡不得不经历宰杀、拔毛、检查、运输、卸载、包装、定价和展示。

完成这些任务的人又依次由完成其他任务的人配合支持——从提炼货车燃料汽油到制造包装肉类的塑料。

这些遍布各行各业的男男女女在过去的几个月里精准设计和安排时间，以便当你去买新鲜的感恩节火鸡时，就会买到一只或者多只——甚至还有几十只在等着你选购。

实现这一过程所需的合作水平之高令人难以置信。

但更令人难以置信的是：这整个过程都没有一个人去统筹协调。

并没有什么火鸡独裁者坐在某个指挥所，商议总体规划并发号施令。

Unit 1遇到很多障碍 encounter many obstacles有很大的关系 have significant relevance to增强可信度 enhance the credibility证实或驳斥研究的结果 confirm or refute the findings复制实验 duplicate the experiment与良好研究报告背道而驰 be antithetical to good research reporting充分评估研究结果evaluate the research results fully与研究项目的结果最密切相关be most concerned with the results of a research project断开单调的长篇大段 break up long passages of prose避免使用矫饰的术语 avoid pretentious jargonTask 5 (Page 8)1. A student and professional may spend plenty of time reporting the results of theirresearch projects when they present them to teachers, managers and clients.Actually, one would be faced with many difficulties in study and on the jobwithout the necessary research skills as well as the ability to show the results with clarity and completeness.2.In this part the basic rule one has to follow is to offer the entire set of datarelevant to the research question raised at the beginning. If one tends to hide findings which, to some extent, cannot support his hypothesis, such dishonest behavior is not welcome in research reporting in any field.3. Little importance is attached to a lively style; however, it is acceptable to writeinterestingly. The essential qualities for professional communication shouldinclude accuracy, clarity, and completeness.Task 4 (Page 26-Page 27)2. Tourism has been affected negatively by the rise of expense in air travel to scenic spots like Hawaii.3. Studies show that people with particular blood types are more likely to be infected by some diseases. However, there is no sure correlation between blood types and people’s characters.4. The practice of identifying the sex of the unborn baby in the womb, and then terminating the baby girl if it is not wanted, is made possible in some traditional societies by ultrasound equipment due to its portability and low price.5. In 2011, Africa ranked No. 2 in the cellular phone market, next to Asia. This year saw the swift development of Africa’s cellular network in size and quality to satisfy the 600 million users’ needs.6. The shortage of fresh water is caused by population explosion, pollution, climate change, inadequate sewage disposal and rising sea levels. in the long run, crises, even wars, may arise as people fight over the availability of fresh water supplies which are essential to them.Task 5 (Page 27)Question 2In explaining how faculty and administrators should deal with academic dishonesty, Eastman, Iyer and Reisenwitz (2008) suggest that three aspects of academic dishonesty be taken into consideration, including factors influencing academic dishonesty, differentiation between plagiarism and cheating, and students’ view that certain types of academic dishonesty are more unethical than others.Question 3Van Merrienboer (1997) points out the transition in the field of instructional design from ”instructivist” approaches to “constructivist” approaches in the last ten years, with the former expressing the idea that the knowledge is to represent the real world, and thus determines the meaning which is external to the understanders.Question 4Reigeluth (1999) explains the instructional design theory as at least consisting of two parts :methods for promoting human learning and development, and in what situations the methods can or cannot be employed.Question 5Heimlich (1992) makes it clear that interest in the environment, the source of both materials and refuge for the human spirit, is not a new field for it is important to the growth and development of mankind. Recently, the concern for protecting the environment shows people’s demand for improving their life and supplementing resources. Heimlich further points out that the difference between the decades prior to the 1960s and now is much greater attention has been attached to the environment.Question 6Gredler (2001) holds that four important ingredients in teaching pigeons to playping-pong and to bowl are associated with complex skills development in the classroom. They are bringing about response, encouraging delicate improvements, budgeting the time so that the reinforcements in responses can be increased and the reinforcers sticks to their behavior.。

第一单元：学术英语基础知识1. 学术英语的重要性在当今新时代，学术英语已成为研究生必备的一项基础技能。

无论是阅读英文文献、撰写学术论文还是参与国际会议，良好的学术英语能力都是至关重要的。

《新时代研究生学术英语综合教程》第一单元深入浅出地介绍了学术英语的基础知识，为我们打下了良好的学习基础。

2. 学术写作的规范要求在学术写作中，规范的语言表达和结构是非常重要的。

在第一单元中，我们学习了学术写作的规范要求，例如句子的结构、段落的逻辑连接、论证的有效性等。

这些规范要求不仅提高了我们的学术写作水平，也增强了我们的语言表达能力。

3. 专业术语和常用表达学术英语中的专业术语和常用表达是我们学习的重点之一。

掌握这些术语和表达不仅可以提高我们阅读文献的效率，也可以增强我们在学术交流中的表达准确性和自信心。

第一单元通过丰富的例句和练习，帮助我们掌握了大量的专业术语和常用表达。

4. 阅读理解和语篇分析除了语言表达能力，学术英语还需要我们具备良好的阅读理解和语篇分析能力。

《新时代研究生学术英语综合教程》第一单元通过大量的阅读材料和实例分析，帮助我们提高了阅读理解和语篇分析的能力，使我们能够更好地理解和运用学术英语。

5. 个人观点和感悟通过学习《新时代研究生学术英语综合教程》第一单元，我深刻体会到了学术英语的重要性和学习的必要性。

良好的学术英语能力不仅可以提高我们在国际学术交流中的竞争力，也能够帮助我们更好地理解和吸收国际前沿的学术成果。

我会在今后的学习中更加努力，不断提高自己的学术英语水平。

总结：《新时代研究生学术英语综合教程》第一单元为我们系统地介绍了学术英语的基础知识，包括规范要求、专业术语、阅读理解和语篇分析等方面。

通过学习，我们不仅提高了学术英语能力，也增强了对学术英语重要性的认识。

希望在今后的学习中，我们能够不断积累，努力提高学术英语能力，为将来的学术研究和交流打下坚实的语言基础。

学术英语作为一种特殊的语言体系，其重要性不仅在于能够帮助研究生更好地进行学术交流和阅读文献，更重要的是，它是融入国际学术界的桥梁，是展示学术研究成果的重要工具。

新核心大学英语读写教程1课文翻译及课后题答案第一单元Unit One New Campus, New LifeⅠ. Pre-listening ActivitiesChoice 1略Choice 2There are pros and cons of living on campus.Pros Cons1. Accessibility to the school 1. Little privacy2. Increased social life 2. Limited space3. Possible low GPA (grade point average)■ScriptThere are pros and cons of living on campusPros1. Accessibility to the school. If you live on campus, you can easily walk to the classes, libraries, computer labs, cafeterias, etc. You don’t have to waste time and money on driving to school, finding a parking space, and so forth.2. Increased social life. Living on campus will allow you to meet more people and establish more friendships than living off campus. You will also usually be aware of any campus activities and how to be involved in them.Cons1. Little privacy. When living in a dorm, it can be very hard to find privacy. You have to share bedrooms, bathrooms, etc. You may never have quiet time in your dorm because there will always be something going on.2. Limited space. At most colleges, the dorm rooms are tiny. You have to limit what you bring to school, or your space will betoo crowded.3. Possible low GPA (grade point average). Because dorm life is very social, your grades may be affected in a negative way. If you constantly choose hanging out with your dorm buddies over studying at the library, then your GPA will suffer.Ⅱ. Listening Ta sksTask 1 Understanding News ReportsNews Item One1. B2. CNews Item Two1. D2. DNews Item Three1. B 2 A 3. D■ScriptNews Item OneQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.In New York City public schools, 176 different languages are spoken among the more than 1 million students.For 160,000 children, English is not their first language. New York’s Department of Education makes learning better for these students by providing dual-language programs.Students are taught in two languages, English and another one, like Russian or Chinese. Math, social studies, science and all other regular courses are taught in both languages. And they learn about the culture of the other country.Milady Baez is Deputy Chancellor of English Language Learners and Student Support. She says these dual-language programs will help children succeed in the future.“The jobs of the future req uire that our students know more than one language. They are going to be traveling abroad; they are going to be communicating with people from all over the world. This will open doors for them.”Questions:1. How do New York public schools make learning better for students whose first language isnot English?2. What will help children succeed in the future according to Milady Baez?News Item TwoQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.A growing number of American universities are dropping the entrance exam requirement. More than 800 universities now allow students to apply without a SAT or ACT test score. The SAT and ACT are the two major college entrance tests in the United States.Fo r years, colleges have used these tests to help measure an applicant’s academic skills. But more universities are becoming “test optional”. Students who apply to test-optional schools can choose whether they want to include test scores in their applications.George Washington University in Washington D.C. is one of the latest schools to adopt a test-optional admissions policy for most of its applicants. It is the largest private university to drop the test requirement.Karen Stroud Felton is the Dean of Admissions at George Washington University. She said in a statement that the university “had concerns that students who could be successful... felt discouraged from applying if their scores were not as strong astheir high school performance.”Questions:1. What is the big change of American universities according to the news?2. Which of the following statements about George Washington University is TRUEaccording to the news?News Item ThreeQuestions 1 to 3 will be based on the following news item.Almost 900,000 international students are studying in American colleges and universities today. Nearly half of this record number of foreign students are from Asia, mainly China.They are among people from other countries who now make up about 4 percent of all university students in the U.S. America has more of the world’s 4.5 million international students than any other country. A new report says more than 886,000 foreign students registered at U.S. universities during the school year 2013-2014. That is an increase of eight percent over the year before. The Institute of International Education and the State Department made the report.The study also demonstrates trends over the past 15 years. It shows that since 2000, the number of international students in the U.S. has grown by 72 percent. Students from China in undergraduate programs are mainly responsible for this trend.Questions:1. How many international students in the U.S. come from Asia?2. From 2013 to 2014, how many foreign students registered at U.S. universities?3. Which country is mainly responsible for the rapid increaseof international students in the U.S.since 2000?Task 2 Understanding Long ConversationsConversation One1. D2. A3. C4. B5. AConversation Two1. D2. C3. A4. B■ScriptConversation OneW: Would you like to join the V olunteers’ League?M: Am I crazy? I just quitted the Students’ Counsel. I don’t want to be as busy as before. I’v e given up a big chance of getting scholarships for that.W: No, joining the V olunteers’ League won’t take you much time. It only has activities on the weekends.M: Really? That’s good. I was just wondering about how to spend my free time on weekends.W: C ome on, you won’t regret about joining the V olunteers’ League. It’s different from other student’s clubs or unions.M: What’s the difference?W: The V olunteers’ League often offers free services for grand occasions, such as Olympic Games, World Expo. Isn’t thatspecial?M: Not really. I’d rather join the Entrepreneurs’ Club, so my experience will be helpful when I look for jobs in the future.W: That’s also a good choice. But the Entrepreneurs’ Club just hold some boring activities, you know, speeches, co mpetitions…M: But you can learn a lot of things from the activities and it’s related to our major.W: You can also learn a lot in the V olunteers’ League. You will have the chance to learn how to communicate, how to arrange an activity and how to cooperate with your group members. M: What activities does the V olunteers’ League have?W: We will be voluntary guides, interpreters and …M: Does that mean I have lots of chances to practice my English?W: You can say that again.M: OK, you win. Just tell me how to get enrolled for that club.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. Why does the man refuse to join the V olunteers’ League in the beginning?2. When does the V olunteers’ League have activities according to the woman?3. W hy does the woman say the V olunteers’ League is different from other clubs and unions?4. Why does the man prefer joining the Entrepreneurs’ Club?5. Why does the man decide to join the V olunteers’ League in the end?Conversation TwoW: Come in!M: Hi, Professor Hampton. It’s me, Tony again. I hope I’m not bothering you. I know how busy everyone is near the end of the semester, but...W: Have a seat, Tony. Like everyone else, I have plenty to do, but I try to keep up with my work.Now, what’s on you r mind?M: That’s it! That’s it exactly!W: I’m not following you.M: Excuse me, but you were talking about keeping up with your work, keeping on schedule.That’s my problem. I can never seem to keep up with all my responsibilities, no matter how hard I tr y. And next year I’d like to try working part-time for some more spending money. If I can’t manage my time, I won’t be able to do either well.W: Well, consider these tips for time management. First, don’t bite off more than you can chew.You’d better make a reasonable plan which is achievable.M: I thought I was doing that now.W:Chances are you’re not using your time efficiently, Tony. Remember, too, “work when you work, and play when you play.” Divide your day and night into two or three hour periods when you can concentrate on either studying or working. Don’t let yourself be interrupted by anyone.M: I see what you mean. A lot of times I’ll j oin my friends in going out after only an hour of studying.W:And if you plan your time week by week rather than day by day, you’ll find you have more time than you thought. Well, give it a try. I’d like to know how you handle it.M: Thanks a lot, Dr. Hampton.W:Now get back to your studies, Tony. Finals are coming.M: Thanks again, madam.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. Why is everyone busy according to Tony?2. What does Tony plan to do next year?3. What is the p rofessor’s advice on time management?4. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the conversation?Task 3 Understanding PassagesPassage OneListening for general comprehension1. Freshmen2. 15Listening for specific comprehension1. B2. D3. B4. C5. A■ScriptListening for general comprehensionFreshmen 15 is a plague that haunts the mind of all newly high school graduates. You hear of this horror tale before even stepping foot on a college campus. So what exactly is the freshmen 15? Legend says that during your freshmen year of college, you end up gaining around fifteen pounds. Is this simply a story told to scare young freshmen, or a reality?The bad news is that a noticeable weight gain does occur among college students. However, the good news is it’s not as drastic as fifteen pounds. Food served in the dining halls is ladenwith fats while exercise in college has become a true burden. It is difficult to schedule a workout session among the already busy schedule filled with classes, clubs, homework, and organizations. Here at USC, the professors like to pack their students with work upon work, so students can truly “eat the fruits of the knowledge tree.” For an average student, it is considered a celebration if you could simply finish all your homework on time and sleep before 2 a.m. With that said, who cares about exercise?Listening for specific comprehension1. According to the passage, what does “15” refer to?2. How is the food like in the college’s dining halls?3. Which of the following is NOT included in the students’ busy schedule according to the passage?4. How much work does the professors give to the students in USC?5. How does a student feel if he finishes homework and sleeps before 2 a.m.?Passage TwoListening for general comprehension1. taking notes2. Four suggestions are given in the passageListening for specific comprehension1. A2. C3. A4. B5. C■ScriptListening for general comprehensionIt’s necessary for a student to take notes when he attendsa lecture. The notes can be readily used in the future when the student forgets or reviews something.When a student takes notes in a lecture he has to do four things.Firstly, he has to understand what’s said, as the speaker says it. He can’t stop the lecture in order to look up a new word or check an unfamiliar sentence pattern.The second thing the student has to do is to d ecide what’s important in the lec ture. Many lecturers pause, and speak more slowly and loudly, when they’re making an important point.The third task that faces the student is that he has to write down the important points. The student should abbreviate, write down the important words, usually nouns, sometimes verbs or adjectives, and should write one point on each line. He ought, if possible, to choose a moment to write when the lecturer isn’t giving vital information.Finally, the student’s notes must sh ow the connections between the various points he’s noted. If he makes intelligent use of spacing and underlining, together with the use of conventional signs and the numbering of points, he’ll be able to understand the framework of the lecture more easily. Listening for specific comprehension1. Why is it necessary for a student to take notes?2. What can a student do during a lecture if there is something he can’t understand?3. What do many lectures do when they are making an important point?4. When is the right moment to write down the important points?5. What may not be helpful for a student to understand theframework of the lecture more easilyaccording to the passage?Passage ThreeListening for general comprehension1. The passage is about how to cope with a new school year.2. There are three tips mentioned in the passage.Listening for specific comprehension1. D2. A3. C4. B5. C■ScriptListening for general comprehensionHow do you approach a new school year? Do you have feelings of happiness and excitement or feelings of dread? New teachers, classes, classmates and maybe even a new school can all cause students to worry. But there are some things you can do to avoid the back-to-school blues. Become familiarWill you go to a new school this year? Then during the summer, visit your new school. Find out exactly where it is and how long it takes to get there. This will help you avoid confusion on the day.Ask friends to introduce you to a student who goes to the school. You’ll feel better knowin g some there.Keep it in balanceDecide how many activities you’ll participate in, and don’t do too much. Keeping schoolwork, home life and extra activities in balance will keep your stress level low.Here’s another tip to help you prepare for the first da y of school. Start going to bed and getting up at your normal school time two weeks before school begins. Then your body and mind will become rested and prepared for the first day.Get involvedThe best way to make new friends is to join school clubs. Cho ose something you enjoy and you’ll meet people who share your interests.A+ for attitudeDuring those first scary days, having a positive attitude will help you survive. Concentrate on the exciting things you’ll learn and the fun you’ll have with your clas sma tes. With rest, preparation and the right attitude, you’ll be off to a great school year!Listening for specific comprehension1. What may cause students to worry according to the passage?2. What do you need to find out when you visit your new school?3. Why do we need to keep schoolwork, home life and extra activities in balance?4. To prepare for your first school day, when should you start getting up at your normal school time?5. Which is the best way to make new friends according to the passage?IV. Pronunciation Imitation and Training1. victory seven arrive starve vienna2. theatre author month cloths fifths3. though either smooth clothes baths4. world leather pull field mild5. Have you ever lived near a river?6. The three athletes were out of breath.7. Leave the little lad alone. He’ll soon be all right.8. They went further than that along the northern paths. Ⅴ. Learn English Through a Radio Program1. released2. academic3. increases4. Chinese5. undergraduate6. enrolling7. spread8. lack9. row 10. business■Script略Ⅵ. Learn English Through Movies1. serious2. Always3. life4. dying5. supposed6. visions7. monster8. ready9. long 10. surrender■Script略。

Text A全文概括General summaryParagraph 1,2Humanity today is actively reshaping the planet→But for most of our history,it is our environment that has shaped us.→A remarkable story of the way Earth has molded humanity and how we have turned the tables to shape the world. Paragraph 3-13How earth shaped usParagraph 14-16We are reshaping the planet and causing massive damage to itThe main content of the article：A remarkable story of the way Earth has molded humanity and how we have turned the tables to shape the world.（第二段最后一句）The key to the whole article：we must understand the deep connections that tie us to our planet, and come to terms with how Earth made us.（倒数第一段最后一句）Article Analysis1.How did the Earth shape us?A brief planetary fever 55.5 million years ago drove the rapid evolution and differentiation of entirely new animal orders, including humans.（5550万年前的一场短暂的行星热推动了包括人类在内的全新动物目的快速进化和分化。