专四英语语法考点串讲与真题版

语法考点之一：虚拟语气考点1. If从句中的虚拟语气1、与过去事实相反：从句sb had done，主句sb would(should,could,might)+ have done；1. I ___the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowd of people there. 1996A. would enjoyB. will have enjoyedC. would have enjoyedD. will be enjoying2. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there ___ quite such a crowd of people there.2000A. weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. wouldn’t省略if，从句的语序用到装，即将were,had或should移至主语的前面，但否定词not不前移。

3. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she ____ much better results now. 2008A. would be gettingB. could have gotC. must getD. would get4. ______you were busy, I wouldn’t have bothered you with my questions. 1994A. If I realizedB. Had I realizedC. I realized thatD. As I realized5.___, he would not have recovered so quickly. 1995A. Hadn't he been taken good care ofB. Had he not been taken good care ofC. Had not he been taken good care ofD. Had he been not taken good care of6. ___for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam. 2002A. Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it not2、与现在事实相反：从句sb did(were)，主句sb would(should, could, might)+do；1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _____ much easier to learn.2009A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been2. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ________ able to advise you much better than I can.2005A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. Were3、与将来事实相反：从句sb did (should+do或were+to do)，主句sb would (should, could, might)+do。

专四语法考点串讲之十一：小语法一、时态1. In his plays Shakespeare _____ his characters live through their language.2008A. would makeB. had madeC. madeD. makes2. Linda was _____ the experiment a month ago, but she changed her mind at the last minute.2007A. to startB. to have startedC. to be startingD. to have been starting3. The committee has anticipated the problems that ____in the road construction project.2007A. ariseB. will ariseC. aroseD. have arisen4. The student said there were a few points in the essay he _____impossible to comprehend.2007/2006A. had foundB. findsC. has foundD. would find5. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he _________ until yesterday.2005A. will comeB. was comingC. had been comingD. came6. ____ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen.2005A. I was and always will beB. I have to be and always will beC. I had been and always will beD. I have been and always will be7. Jack ______from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety. 2003A. has been missingB. has been missedC. had been missingD. was missed8. For some time now, world leaders _____out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction.2002A. had been pointingB. have been pointingC. were pointingD. pointed9. How can I ever concentrate if you _____continually _____me with silly questions?1997A. have…interruptedB. had…interruptedC. are…interruptingD. were…interrupting10. Mr. White works with a chemicals import and export company, but he _____for this industrial fair, since he is on leave. 1997A. has workedB. worksC. has been workingD. is working11. –“I bought this shirt for 35 Yuan yesterday.” --“It’s on sale today for only 29. You should have waited.”--“Oh really? But how ____ I know?” (1993)A. wouldB. canC. didD. Do12. When .I-arrived at the meeting, the first speaker_____and the audience_____.1992A. had finished speaking, were clappingB. had finished speaking, had clappedC. finished speaking, clappedD. finished speaking, were clapping二、代词考点1：every, each的用法比较Each：两者或两者以上/ Every：三者或三者以上考点:2：another, other, the other, others, the othersanother用于泛指三者以上中的“另一个”other作前置定语,修饰单数或复数名词the other两者中的“另一个”,是特指others泛指“其他人”或“其他物”= other + 名复the others指整体中除去一部分后,剩余的全部考点3：it, one, ones, the one, the ones, that, thoseIt：表同类同物表单数one ：表同类但不同物,表单数，可用形容词修饰，泛指ones：表同类但不同物,表复数，可用形容词修饰，泛指the one ：表同类但不同物,表特指，表单数that：表同类但不同物, 指代单数或不可数the ones / those：表同类不同物，表特指，表复数考点4：as的用法：(1) As much as 达到（和）。

2023年英语专业四级考试词汇语法真题参照答案与解析11. How can I concentrate if you _________ continually ______ me with silly questions?A. have… interruptedB. are… interruptedC. had… interruptingD. were… interrupting选A。

虽然我觉得更应当说you are continually interrupting me with silly questions。

不过这里用目前完毕时表达旳是一种动作发生过成为过去经历，有也许多次发生，也就是打断一次、两次、三次等等不停反复到目前。

12. Among the four sentences below, Sentence ___ expresses the highest degree of possibility?A. It may take a long time to find a solution to the problem.B. It might take a long time to find a solution to the problem.C. It could take a long time to find a solution to the problem.D. It should take a long time to find a solution to the problem.选D。

四个里把握度最高旳是should，另一方面是may，最终是might和could。

13. She is a better speaker than _____ in the class.A. any boyB. the other boysC. other any girlD. all the girls选A。

专四语法真题集I.独立主格构造1. Agriculture is the country’s chief source of wealth, wheat ______ by far the biggest cereal crop.a. isb. beenc. bed. being TEM-42. Time ______, the celebration will be held as scheduled.a. permitb. permittingc. permittedd. permits TEM-43. There ____ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier.a. to beb. to have beenc. beingd. be4. _____ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his bedroom.a. There wasb. Sincec. Beingd. There being 19965. The country’s chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars ______the most important of these.a. have beenb. arec. beingd. are being 1994Answers: d b c d cII. 定语从句1. Above the trees are the hills, _______ magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface.a. whereb. of whosec. whosed. which2. They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of time, _____is something we had not expected.a. whichb. itc. thatd. what3. He is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is not the man _______ he was twenty years ago.a. whichb. thatc. whod. whom4. We’ve just installed two air-conditioners in our apartment, ______should make greatdifferences in our life next summer.a. whichb. whatc. thatd. they5. Have you ever been in a situation _____ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him?a. by whichb. thatc. in whered. where6. Firms that use computers have found that the number of staff _______is needed for quality control can be substantially reduced.a. whoseb. asc. whatd. that7. I’ve never been to Lhasa, but that’s the city _______.a. I’d most like to visitb. which I like to visit mostlyc. where I like to visitd. I’d like much to visit 19998. She remembered several occasions in the past ____she had experienced a similar feeling.a. whichb. beforec. thatd. when 19989. The physicist has made a discovery, _____of great importance to the progress of science and technology.a. I think which isb. that I think isc. which I think isd. I think that is 199710. I have never been to London, but that is the city_______.a. where I like to visit mostb. I’d most like to visitc. which I like to visit mostlyd. where I’d like most to visit 199711. This company has now introduced a policy _____pay rises are related to performance at work.a. whichb. wherec. whetherd. what 199612. Only take these clothes ______really necessary.a. as wereb. as they arec. as they wered. as are 199413. _____ is often the case with a new idea, much preliminary activity and optimistic discussion produced no concrete proposals.a. Thatb. Itc. Thisd. As 1994Answers:1-5: c a b a d 6-10: d a c c b 11-13: b b dIII. 状语从句让步状语从句1. _______I like economics I like sociology much better.a. As much asb. So muchc. How muchd. Much as2. Fool _______Jane is, she could not have done such a thing.a. whob. asc. thatd. like3. ______I sympathize, I can’t really do very much to help them out of the difficulties.a. as long asb. asc. whiled. even4. _____he needed money for a new car, he decided not to borrow it from the bank.a. Much asb. Much thoughc. As muchd. Though much 19985. _____, he is ready to accept suggestions form different sources.a. Instead of his notable contributionsb. For all his notable contributionsc. His making notable contributionsd. However his notable contributions 1997 Answers:1-5: d b c a b成果状语从句1. -----Does Alan like limburgers?-----Yes. So much ______ that he eats thema. forb. asc. tod. so2. The brilliance of his satires was _____make even his victims laugh.a. so as tob. such as toc. so thatd. such that 1996 Answers: d b方式状语从句1. She did her work _____her manager had instructed.a. asb. untilc. whend. thoughAnswers: a原因状语从句1. Mr. White works with a chemicals import and export company, but he _____for this industrial fair, since he is on leave.a. has workedb. worksc. has been workingd. is working 1998 Answers: d (此题选项重要是时态方面旳，但能否做出对旳选择取决于对since从句旳判断) 条件状语从句1. You won’t get a loan ______ you can offer some security.a. lestb. in casec. unlessd. other than 19962. _____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.a. Havingb. Givenc. Givingd. Had 19963. ___ _ I was very much mistaken, there was something wrong with Louise.a. Unlessb. Asc. Thoughd. Since 1995Answers:1-5: c b a (本人认为c 也可以，只是语义较勉强而已，if you are mistaken, you are wrong about something that you thought you knew or saw, )比较状语从句1. The experiment requires more money than _______.a. have been put inb. being put inc. has been put ind. to be put in2. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbing than ____ in the public mind today.a. existsb. existc. existingd. to exist 19993. he indoor swimming pool seems to be a great deal more luxurious than ______.a. is necessaryb. being necessaryc. to be necessaryd. it is necessary 1998 Answers: 1-3：c a c (提醒：than = than what; 记住：than 后跟旳是比较状语从句) IV．名词性从句同位语从句1. There is no doubt ______the company has made the right decision on the sales project.a. whyb. thatc. whetherd. whenAnswer: b表语从句1. Intellect is to the mind _______sight is to the body.a. whatb. asc. thatd. like2. He is _____as a “bellyacher”— he’s always complaining about something.a. who is knownb. whom is knownc. what is knownd. which is known 1999 Answer: a c宾语从句1. Who _______was coming to see me in my office this afternoon?a. you saidb. did you sayc. did you say thatd. you did say2. After ____ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel manager’s office.a. thatb. therec. whatd. it 19993. The team can handle whatever______.a. that needs handlingb. which needs handlingc. it needs handlingd. needs to be handled 19974. We can assign the task to ______ is capable and trustworthy.a. whomeverb. whoc. whomd. whoever 1994Answers:1-5: b c d dIV. 比较级和最高级1. Fat cannot change into muscle ______muscle changes into fat.a. any more thanb. no more thanc. no less thand. much more than 19992. It is not so much the language ______the cultural background that makes the book difficult to understand.a. butb. norc. asd. like 19993. John is______ hardworking than his sister, but he failed in the exam.a. no lessb. no morec. not lessd. no so 19984. Language belongs to each member of the society, to the cleaner_____ to the professor.a. as far asb. the same asc. as much asd. as long as 19985. Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than _____Eastern Nebraska.a. inb. it receives inc. doesd. it does in 19966. ______ the two, Bob is ______student.a. Of, more diligentb. In, more diligentc. Of, the more diligentd. In, much more diligent 19957. She has taken great pains to conceal her emotions, and thereby made them ______conspicuous.a. all the moreb. all the muchc. all mored. all much 1994Answers:1-5: a c a c c(倒装) 6-7: c aV. 虚拟语气1. The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential _____for that.a. for us to be preparedb. that we are preparedc. of us to be preparedd. our being prepared2. _____for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam.a. Had it not beenb. Hadn’t it beenc. Was it notd. Were it not3. “What courses are you going to do next semester?”“I don’t know. But it’s about time ______on something.”a. I’d decideb. I decidedc. I decided. I’m deciding4. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there ______quite such a crowd of people there.a. weren’tb. hasn’t beenc. hadn’t beend. wouldn’t be5. If you have really been studying English for so long, it’s about time you _____able to write letters in English.a. should beb. werec. must bed. are 19996. If your car _____any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer.a. shall needb. should needc. would needd. will need 19987. He left orders that nothing ______touched until the police arrived here.a. should beb. ought to bec. must bed. would be 19988. I was to have made a speech if______.a. I was not called awayb. nobody would have called me awayc. I had not been called awayd. nobody called me away 19979. I _____ the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowd of people there.a. would enjoyb. will have enjoyedc. would have enjoyedd. will be enjoying 199610. We could _____him with a detached house when he came, but he had specifically asked fora small flat.a. provideb. have providedc. not provided. not have provided 199511. _____, he would not have recovered so quickly.a. Hadn’t he been taken good care ofb. Had he not been taken good care ofc. Had not he been taken good care ofd. Had he been not taken good care of 199512. _____ your timely advice, I would never have known how to go about the work.a. Unlessb. But forc. Except ford. Not for 199413. It was recommended that passengers _____smoke during the flight.a. notb. need notc. could notd. would not 199414. ______you were busy, I wouldn’t have bothered you with my questions.a. If I realizedb. Had I realizedc. I realized thatd. As I realized 1994 Answers:1-5: a a b c b 6-10: b a c c b 11-15: b b a bVI. 反意疑问句1. She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, ______?a. hadn’t sheb. hasn’t shec. wouldn’t shed. didn’t she2. Do help yourself to some fruit, ______you?a. can’tb. don’tc. wouldn’td. won’t3. When you have finished with that video tape, don’t forget to put it in my drawer, ____?a. do youb. will youc. don’t youd. won’t you 19984. You and I could hardly understand, ______?a. could Ib. couldn’t youc. couldn’t wed. could we 1995 Answers:1-5: c d b dVII. 一致主谓一致1. It is futile to discuss the matter further, because ____ going to agree upon anything today.a. neither you nor I areb. neither you nor me isc. neither you nor I amd. neither me nor you areAnswer: cVIII. 时态目前完毕进行1. Jack ______from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety.a. has been missingb. has been missedc. had been missingd. was missed2. For some time now, world leaders _____out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction.a. had been pointingb. have been pointingc. were pointingd. pointedAnswer: a b目前进行1. How can I ever concentrate if you _____continually _____me with silly questions?a. have…interruptedb. had…interruptedc. are…interruptingd. were…interrupting 1997 Answers: cIX. 插入语1. Who _______was coming to see me in my office this afternoon?a. you saidb. did you sayc. did you say thatd. you did sayAnswer: b (这道题旳a 选项会让考生想到插入语；其实不是，这是对宾语从句中旳主语提问；做题技巧是把问句还原成陈说句后再来处理)X. 副词1. She managed to save _______she could out of her wages to help her brother.a. how little moneyb. so little moneyc. such little moneyd. what little money2. His strong sense of humor was _______make everyone in the room burst out laughing.a. so as tob. such as toc. so thatd. such that 19983. I felt that I was not yet _______to travel abroad.a. too strongb. strong enoughc. so strong d enough strong 1997Answers：1：d (虽然答案与副词无关，但排除前三个选项需要有关旳副词how 和so 旳使用方法知识)2: b (类似前一题)3：bⅪ. 不定式、目前分词、过去分词和动名词1. AIDS is said ______the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in the region.a. beingb. to bec. to have beend. having been2. _______is not a serious disadvantage in life.a. To be not tallb. Not to be tallc. Being not talld. Not being tall3. _______him tomorrow?a. Why not to call onb. Why don’t call onc. Why not calling ond. Why not call on4. _______at in this way, the present economic situation doesn’t seem so gloomy.a. Lookingb. Lookedc. Having lookedd. To look5. This is an illness that can result in total blindness _______left untreated.a. afterb. ifc. sinced. unless6. Professor Johnson is said _______some significant advance in his research in the past year.a. having madeb. makingc. to have maded. to make 19997. The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country, ______by the police each time.a. had been capturedb. being always capturedc. only to be capturedd. unfortunately captured 19998. The Clarks haven’t decided yet which hotel_______.a. to stayb. is to stayc. to stay atd. is for staying 19989. ______, he can now only watch it on TV at home.a. Obtaining not a ticket for the matchb. Not obtaining a ticket for the matchc. Not having obtained a ticket for the matchd. Not obtained a ticket for the match 199810. _____enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field.a. Givingb. To givec. Givend. Being given 199811. He wasn’t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, ______insufficiently poplar with all members.a. having consideredb. was consideredc. was being consideredd. being considered 199612. This may have preserved the elephant from being wiped out as well as other animals ____ in Africa.a. huntedb. huntingc. that huntedd. are hunted 199613. In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters is to avoid______.a. from being beatenb. being beatenc. beatingd. to be beaten 199614. He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonishment, he saw a rope ladder______ out and three men climbing down it.a. throwingb. being thrownc. having thrownd. having been thrown 199515. He resented ______to wait. He expected the minister ______ him at once.a. to be asked, to seeb. being asked, to seec. to be asked, seeingd. being asked, seeing 199516. This missile is designed so that once _____nothing can be done to retrieve it.a. firedb. being firedc. they firedd. having fired 199517. Arriving at the bus stop, _____waiting there.a. a lot of people wereb. he found a lot of peoplec. a lot of peopled. people were found 199418. _____ regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first.a. Not receivedb. Since receivingc. Having receivedd. Not having received 1994 Answers：1-5: c d d b b 6-10: c c c c c 11-15: d a b d b 16-18: a b dXII.代词1. Your ideas, _______, seem unusual to me.a. like herb. like hersc. similar to herd. similar to herself2. ______of the twins was arrested, because I saw both at a party last night.a. Noneb. Bothc. Neitherd. All3. It was as a physician that he represented himself, and_____ he was warmly received.a. as suchb. such asc. as thatd. so that 1997 Answers: b c aXIII. 平行构造1. Even as a girl, _____to be her life, and theater audiences were to be her best teachers.a. performing by Melissa wereb. it was known that Melissa’s performances werec. knowing that Melissa’s performances wered. Melissa knew that performing was Answer: dⅩⅣ. 情态动词1. You _____Jim anything about it. It was none of his business.a. needn‘t have toldb. needn’t tellc. mustn’t have toldd. mustn’t tell2. He ______unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful.a. may have actedb. must have actedc. should actd. would act 19993. Much as______, I couldn’t lend him the money because I simply didn’t have that much spare cash.a. I would have liked tob. I would like to havec. I should have to liked. I should have liked to 19994. You ______Mark anything. It was none of his business.a. needn’t have toldb. needn’t tellc. mustn’t have toldd. mustn’t tell 19985. As it turned out to be a small house party, we _____so formally.a. need not have dressed upb. must not have dressed upc. did not need to dress upd. must not dress up 19966. The meeting’s been cancelled. Ann _____ all that work.a. need to dob. need havec. needn’t have doned. needed not to do 19957. “She must be in the dormitory now.”“No, she ____ be there. I saw her in the classroom a minute ago.”a. mustn’tb. can’tc. couldn’td. wouldn’t 19948. He _____ the 8:20 bus because he didn’t leave home till 8:25.a. couldn’t have caughtb. ought to have caughtc. shouldn’t have caughtd. must not have caught 1994Answer:1-5: a a a a a 6-10: c b a (must 表推测只用于肯定句中，否认用can/could not)ⅩⅤ. It 旳使用方法1. Come and see me whenever ______.a. you are convenientb. you will be convenientc. it is convenient to youd. it will be convenient to you 1997Answer: c (也可认为是对convenient 一词使用方法旳考察)ⅩⅥ. 冠词1. The idea of traveling through _____ space to other planets interests many people today.a. ab. thec. /d. one 19952. ___human problems that repeat themselves in __ life repeat themselves in ___ literature.a. /, /, theb. /, the, /c. The ,/ ,/d. The, the, the 1994 Answers: c cⅩⅦ. 省略/替代动词1. Acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorms long before people _____.a. dob. hearc. do themd. hearing it2. The central provinces have floods in some years, and ______.a. drought in othersb. droughts are othersc. while other droughtsd. others in drought Answer: a aⅩⅧ. 强调句型1. It was not until midnight _______the snowcapped peak.a. that they sightedb. that they did not sightc. did they sightd. had they sighted 1995 Answer: a (这道题其实也是对倒装旳考察)ⅩⅨ. 倒装1. He is not under arrest, ______any restriction on him.a. or the police have placedb. or have the police placedc. nor the police have placedd. nor have the police placed 19952. So badly ______ in the car accident that he had to stay in hospital for a few months.a. did he injureb. injured him c was he injured d. he was injured 1994 Answers: d c-真题、情态动词：53. She （）fifty or so when I first met her at a conference. ()A. had beenB. must beC. has beenD. must have been61. Aren’t you tired? I（）you had done enough for today.（）A. should have doneB. must have doneC .might have doneD .could have done52. Nancy's gone to work but her car's still there. She（）by bus. ()A. must have goneB. should have goneC. ought to have goneD. could have gone答案：DAA二、非谓语动词51. What a nice day! How about the three of us （）a walk in the park nearby? （）A. to takeB. takeC. takingD. to be taking65. "The man preparing the documents is the firm's lawyer" has all the following possible meanings EXCEPT（）（）A. the man who has prepared the documents...B. the man who has been preparing the documents...C. the man who is preparing the documents...D. the man who will prepare the documents...66.（）should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work.()A. To be not tallB. Not being tallC. Being not tallD. Not to be tall55．In phrases like freezing cold, burning hot, or soaking wet, the-ING participle is used（）（）A. as a commandB. as a conditionC. for concessionD. for emphasis答案：CDDD三、倍数55. A new laptop costs about（）of a second-hand one. ()A. the price of three timesB. three times the priceC. as much as the three times priceD. three times more than the price56. Which of the following italicized phrased is INCORRECT? （）()A. The city is now ten times its original size.B. I wish I had two times his strength.C. The seller asked for double the usual price.D. They come here four times every year.答案：BB四、虚拟语气52. If there were no subjunctive mood, English（）much easier to learn.（）A. could have beenB. would 'beC. will beD. would have been60. It is necessary that he （）the assignment without delay.（）A. hand inB. hands inC. must hand inD. has to hand in61. Its getting late. I’d rather you （）now. ()A. leftB. leaveC. are leavingD. will leave答案：DAA五、反义疑问句．57. She seldom goes to the theatre, （）? ()A. doesn't sheB. does sheC. would sheD. wouldn't sheKey: 本句中具有否认含义旳副词seldom，故反意时用肯定形式does she。

英语专业四级语法、词汇知识讲座1.《教学大纲》对英语专业语法的总体描述是：能识别词类；区分名词的可数性和不可数性，可数名词的单、复数形式；基本掌握各种代词的形式与用法、基数词和序数词、常用介词和连词、形容词和副词的句法功能、比较级和最高级的构成及基本句型、冠词的一般用法；了解动词的主要种类、时态、语态及不定式和分词的基本用法、句子种类、基本句型和基本构词法。

掌握主谓一致关系、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句等句型、直接引语和间接引语的用法、动词不定式和分词的用法、各种时态、主动语态、被动语态和构词法。

其中对四级的要求是：除掌握上述内容外，还应该熟练掌握主语从句、同位语从句、倒装句和各种条件句。

2.《教学大纲》对英语专业词汇的总体描述是：认知词汇不少于2，000个；掌握1，200个左右的常用词和一定数量的习惯用语及固定搭配，并能在口语中运用；认识740个左右的单词和一定数量的习惯用语及固定搭配，能根据上下文的提示理解其含义。

通过基础英语课、阅读课和其他途径认知词汇达4，000~5，000个（其中含中学已学的2，000个），正确而熟练地使用其中的2，000~2，500个及其最基本的搭配。

其中对四级的要求是：通过基础英语课、阅读课和其他途径认知词汇5，500 6，500个（含第二级要求的4，000~5，000个），正确而熟练地运用其中的3，000~4，000个及其最基本的搭配。

近年来专业四级考试中Grammar and Vocabulary部分中，50%为词汇、词组和短语的用法，约50%为语法结构。

该题在总分中虽占分不多,但作为测试考生英语水平之基础,它对于TEM4中所有题项影响之大是众所周知的，因为任何一门外语的学习均始于词汇和语法，且对于词汇数量及其深度的掌握程度在一定意义上反应一个人的英语水平。

因此，掌握词汇和语法对于在TEM4中取得好成绩显得尤为重要。

综观这近几年考题，可发现：1.语法考题的涉及面宽，近年考题曾经考到：几乎所有词类；三种动词的非谓语形式；各种从句及关系词的用法；动词时态、虚拟语气、情态动词的用法；独立主格，主谓一致，倒装，强调、并列结构等基本语法知识。

语法考点之一：虚拟语气考点1. If从句中的虚拟语气1、与过去事实相反：从句sb had done，主句sb would(should, could, might)+ have done；2、省略if，从句的语序用到装，即将were, had或 should移至主语的前面，但否定词not不前移。

3、与将来事实相反：从句sb did (should+do或were+to do)，主句sb would (should, could, might)+do。

4、错综条件句：主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间段。

比如：从句对过去虚拟，而主句对现在虚拟，即从句sb had done，主句sb would(should, could, might)+do；考点2：表示建议、要求、命令等动词如insist, order, command, suggest, advise, propose, ask, require, request, demand 引导的从句及it引导的相应的分词、名词和形容词从句，谓语用（should)+动词原形。

考点3：It is +advisable, essential, important, imperative, incredible等从句，谓语用（should）+动词原形。

考点4：it is (high/about) time that的结构中，从句使用一般过去式。

例如:考点5：much as"尽管，虽然"引导让步状语从句，从句中用would have done表示假设。

考点6：if only, wish, as if/as though引导从句，与过去事实相反：had + done；与现在事实相反：动词过去式；与将来事实相反：could/would + do考点7：would rather/sooner从句中使用一般过去式或过去完成式分别表示对现在或过去的虚拟考点8：lest / for fear that+(should ) +原形动词。

英语语法考点串讲英业四级考试历年各语法考点的分布表（1991-2010）考点10 0987654321999897969594939291非谓语动词不定式 1 1 1 1 1分词 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 动名词 1 2 1 1 1 1 独立主格 2 1 1 1并列句和复合句状语从句 1 1 3 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 定语从句 1 1 3 2 1 1 2 3 1 2 1 名词性从句 1 1 1 1 1 2 1虚拟语气 1 2 1 4 3 5 5 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 3 1 3 2 比较级结构 1 2 4 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 2 情态动词 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 倒装 2 1 1 1 1 强调和省略 2 1 副词和形容词 4 1 2 2 2 1 1 1冠词 1 1 1 1 固定搭配 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 反意疑问句 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 强调句代词 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 主谓一致 1 1 1 1 1 1句子成分 3 1 1 1时态 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 1 1专四英语语法考点串讲之一：虚拟语气考点1. If从句中的虚拟语气省略if，从句的语序用倒装，即将were, had或should移至主语的前面，但否定词not不前移。

1、与过去事实相反：从句sb had done，主句sb would(should, could, might)+ have done；1. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she ____ much better results now. 2008A. would be gettingB. could have gotC. must getD. would get2. He would have finished his college education, but he ____to quit and find a job to support his family.2007A. had hadB. hasC. hadD. would have3.___, he would not have recovered so quickly.2005/1995A. Hadn't he been taken good care ofB. Had he not been taken good care ofC. Had not he been taken good care ofD. Had he been not taken good care of4. I ___the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowd of people there.2004/1996A. would enjoyB. will have enjoyedC. would have enjoyedD. will be enjoying5. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there ___ quite such a crowd of people there.2004/2000A. weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. wouldn’t6. ___for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam.2002A. Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it not7. _____enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field.1998a. Givingb. To givec. Givend. Being given8. I was to have made a speech if___.1997A. I was not called awayB. nobody would have called me awayC. I had not been called awayD. nobody called me away9. _____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. 1996A. HavingB. GivenC. GivingD. Had10. We could ___him with a detached house when he came, but he had specifically asked for a small flat.1995A. provideB. have providedC. not provideD. not have provided11. ______you were busy, I wouldn’t have bothered you with my questions. 1994A. If I realizedB. Had I realizedC. I realized thatD. As I realized12. _____ their help, we would not have succeeded.1992A. Hadn't been forB. Had it not been forC. It hadn't been forD. Had not it been for13. If you _____ in such a hurry you sugar into the sauce instead of salt.1992A. were not, would not putB. were, would putC. had been, would have putD. had not been, would not have put14. "Did you hear of his death?'"Yes. If he ___ in time, he ___.”1990A. had been operated on, might not dieB. had been operated on, might not have diedC. were operated on, might not dieD. were operated on,- might not have died2、与现在事实相反：从句sb did(were)，主句sb would(should, could, might)+do；1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _____ much easier to learn.2009A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been2. “You ______ borrow my notes provided you take care of them,” I told my friend. 2007A. couldB. shouldC. mustD. can3. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ________ able to advise you much better than I can.2005A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. Were4. If I knew Japanese , I ______ for the position.1991A. would applyB. will applyC. may have appliedD. will have applied3、与将来事实相反：从句sb did (should+do或were+to do)，主句sb would (should, could, might)+do。

英语专业四级考试词汇语法真题参照答案与解析11.Ho.ca..concentrat.i.yo.________.continuall._____.m.wit.sill. questions?A.have.interruptedB.are.interruptedC.had.interruptingD.were.interrupting选A。

虽然我觉得更应当说you are continually interrupting me with silly questions。

不过这里用目前完毕时表达旳是一种动作发生过成为过去经历, 有也许多次发生, 也就是打断一次、两次、三次等等不停反复到目前。

12.Amon.th.fou.sentence.below.Sentenc.__.expresse.th.highes.d egre.o.possibility?A.I.ma.tak..lon.tim.t.fin..solutio.t.th.problem.B.I.migh.tak..lon.tim.t.fin..solutio.t.th.problem.C.I.coul.tak..lon.tim.t.fin..solutio.t.th.problem.D.I.shoul.tak..lon.tim.t.fin..solutio.t.th.problem.选D。

四个里把握度最高旳是should, 另一方面是may, 最终是might和could。

13.Sh.i..bette.speake.tha.____.i.th.class.A.an.boyB.th.othe.boysC.othe.an.girlD.al.th.girls选A。

主语是she, 女旳, 因此不能选B。

C旳对旳说法是any other girl。

14.Nobod.hear.hi.sing.______?A.di.oneB.di.heC.didn’.theyD.di.they选B。

语法考点之一：虚拟语气考点1. If从句中的虚拟语气1、与过去事实相反：从句sb had done，主句sb would(should,could,might)+ have done；1. I ___the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowd of people there. 1996A. would enjoyB. will have enjoyedC. would have enjoyedD. will be enjoying2. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there ___ quite such a crowd of people there.2000A. weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. wouldn’t省略if，从句的语序用到装，即将were,had或should移至主语的前面，但否定词not不前移。

3. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she ____ much better results now. 2008A. would be gettingB. could have gotC. must getD. would get4. ______you were busy, I wouldn’t have bothered you with my questions. 1994A. If I realizedB. Had I realizedC. I realized thatD. As I realized5.___, he would not have recovered so quickly. 1995A. Hadn't he been taken good care ofB. Had he not been taken good care ofC. Had not he been taken good care ofD. Had he been not taken good care of6. ___for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam. 2002A. Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it not2、与现在事实相反：从句sb did(were)，主句sb would(should, could, might)+do；1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _____ much easier to learn.2009A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been2. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ________ able to advise you much better than I can.2005A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. Were3、与将来事实相反：从句sb did (should+do或were+to do)，主句sb would (should, could, might)+do。

专四语法考点串讲吴芳芳英语专业四级考试历年各语法考点的分布表（1991-2010）专四英语语法考点串讲之一：虚拟语气考点1. If从句中的虚拟语气省略if，从句的语序用到装，即将were,had或should移至主语的前面，但否定词not不前移。

1、与过去事实相反：从句sb had done，主句sb would(should,could,might)+ have done；A. would be gettingB. could have gotC. must getD. would getA. had hadB. hasC. hadD. would haveA. Hadn't he been taken good care ofB. Had he not been taken good care ofC. Had not he been taken good care ofD. Had he been not taken good care ofA. would enjoyB. will have enjoyedC. would have enjoyedD. will be enjoyingA. weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. wouldn’tA. Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it nota. Givingb. To givec. Givend. Being givenA. I was not called awayB. nobody would have called me awayC. I had not been called awayD. nobody called me away9. _____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. 1996A. HavingB. GivenC. GivingD. HadA. provideB. have providedC. not provideD. not have provided11. ______you were busy, I wouldn’t have both ered you with my questions. 1994A. If I realizedB. Had I realizedC. I realized thatD. As I realizedA. Hadn't been forB. Had it not been forC. It hadn't been forD. Had not it been for13. If you _____ in such a hurry youA. were not, would not putB. were, would putC. had been, would have putD. had not been, would not have put14. "Did you hear of his death?'"Yes. If he ___ in time, he ___.”1990A. had been operated on, might not dieB. had been operated on, might not have diedC. were operated on, might not dieD. were operated on,- might not have died2、与现在事实相反：从句sb did(were)，主句sb would(should, could, might)+do；1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _____ much easier to learn.2009A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been2. “You ______ borrow my notes provided you take care of them,” I told my friend. 2007A. couldB. shouldC. mustD. canA. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. WereA. would applyB. will applyC. may have appliedD. will have applied3、与将来事实相反：从句sb did (should+do或were+to do)，主句sb would (should, could, might)+do。

英语语法考点串讲英业四级考试历年各语法考点的分布表（1991-2010）考点10 0987654321999897969594939291非谓语动词不定式 1 1 1 1 1分词 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 动名词 1 2 1 1 1 1 独立主格 2 1 1 1并列句和复合句状语从句 1 1 3 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 定语从句 1 1 3 2 1 1 2 3 1 2 1 名词性从句 1 1 1 1 1 2 1虚拟语气 1 2 1 4 3 5 5 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 3 1 3 2 比较级结构 1 2 4 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 2 情态动词 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 倒装 2 1 1 1 1 强调和省略 2 1 副词和形容词 4 1 2 2 2 1 1 1冠词 1 1 1 1 固定搭配 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 反意疑问句 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 强调句代词 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 主谓一致 1 1 1 1 1 1句子成分 3 1 1 1时态 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 1 1专四英语语法考点串讲之一：虚拟语气考点1. If从句中的虚拟语气省略if，从句的语序用倒装，即将were, had或should移至主语的前面，但否定词not不前移。

1、与过去事实相反：从句sb had done，主句sb would(should, could, might)+ have done；1. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she ____ much better results now. 2008A. would be gettingB. could have gotC. must getD. would get2. He would have finished his college education, but he ____to quit and find a job to support his family.2007A. had hadB. hasC. hadD. would have3.___, he would not have recovered so quickly.2005/1995A. Hadn't he been taken good care ofB. Had he not been taken good care ofC. Had not he been taken good care ofD. Had he been not taken good care of4. I ___the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowd of people there.2004/1996A. would enjoyB. will have enjoyedC. would have enjoyedD. will be enjoying5. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there ___ quite such a crowd of people there.2004/2000A. weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. wouldn’t6. ___for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam.2002A. Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it not7. _____enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field.1998a. Givingb. To givec. Givend. Being given8. I was to have made a speech if___.1997A. I was not called awayB. nobody would have called me awayC. I had not been called awayD. nobody called me away9. _____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. 1996A. HavingB. GivenC. GivingD. Had10. We could ___him with a detached house when he came, but he had specifically asked for a small flat.1995A. provideB. have providedC. not provideD. not have provided11. ______you were busy, I wouldn’t have bothered you with my questions. 1994A. If I realizedB. Had I realizedC. I realized thatD. As I realized12. _____ their help, we would not have succeeded.1992A. Hadn't been forB. Had it not been forC. It hadn't been forD. Had not it been for13. If you _____ in such a hurry you sugar into the sauce instead of salt.1992A. were not, would not putB. were, would putC. had been, would have putD. had not been, would not have put14. "Did you hear of his death?'"Yes. If he ___ in time, he ___.”1990A. had been operated on, might not dieB. had been operated on, might not have diedC. were operated on, might not dieD. were operated on,- might not have died2、与现在事实相反：从句sb did(were)，主句sb would(should, could, might)+do；1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _____ much easier to learn.2009A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been2. “You ______ borrow my notes provided you take care of them,” I told my friend. 2007A. couldB. shouldC. mustD. can3. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ________ able to advise you much better than I can.2005A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. Were4. If I knew Japanese , I ______ for the position.1991A. would applyB. will applyC. may have appliedD. will have applied3、与将来事实相反：从句sb did (should+do或were+to do)，主句sb would (should, could, might)+do。

英语专业四级考试历年各语法考点的分布表（1991-2010）专四英语语法考点串讲之一：虚拟语气考点1. If从句中的虚拟语气若省略if，从句的语序用倒装，即将were, had或should 移至主语的前面，但否定词not不前移。

1、与过去事实相反：从句sb. had done，主句sb. would (should, could, might) + have done1. Had Judy been more careful on the math exam, she ____ much better results now. 2008A. would be gettingB. could have gotC. must getD. would getNow可与完成时连用：Police have now identified the man who they believe stole the car.2. He would have finished his college education, but he ____ to quit and find a job to support his family. 2007A. had hadB. hasC. hadD. would have3. _______, he would not have recovered so quickly. 2005/1995A. Hadn't he been taken good care ofB. Had he not been taken good care ofC. Had not he been taken good care ofD. Had he been not taken good care of4. I ___ the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowd of people there. 2004/1996A. would enjoyB. will have enjoyedC. would have enjoyedD. will be enjoying5. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there ___ quite such a crowd of people there. 2004/2000A. weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. wouldn’t6. ___for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam. 2002A. Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it not7. _____ enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field. 1998A. GivingB. To giveC. GivenD. Being given8. I was to have made a speech if ___. 1997A. I was not called awayB. nobody would have called me awayC. I had not been called awayD. nobody called me away9. _____ time, he’ll ma ke a first-class tennis player. 1996A. HavingB. GivenC. GivingD. Had10. We could ___ him with a detached house when he came, but he had specifically asked for a small flat. 1995A. provideB. have providedC. not provideD. not have provided11. ______ you were busy, I wouldn’t have bothered you with my questions. 1994A. If I realizedB. Had I realizedC. I realized thatD. As I realized12. _____ their help, we would not have succeeded. 1992A. Hadn't been forB. Had it not been forC. It hadn't been forD. Had not it been for13. If you _____ in such a hurry you sugar into the sauceinstead of salt. 1992A. were not, would not putB. were, would putC. had been, would have putD. had not been, would not have put14. "Did you hear of his death?'"Yes. If he _____ in time, he _____.” 1990A. had been operated on, might not dieB. had been operated on, might not have diedC. were operated on, might not dieD. were operated on,- might not have died2、与现在事实相反：从句sb. did (were)，主句sb. would (should, could, might) + do1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _____ much easier to learn. 2009A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been2. “You ______ borrow my notes provided you take care of them,” I told my friend. 2007A. couldB. shouldC. mustD. can3. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ________ able to advise you much better than I can. 2005A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. were4. If I knew Japanese, I ______ for the position. 1991A. would applyB. will applyC. may have appliedD. will have applied3、与将来事实相反：从句should + do或were + to do，主句would (should, could, might) + do1. _____ you _____ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice. 2005A. If, hadB. Have, hadC. Should, haveD. In case, had2. This is an illness that can result in total blindness _______ left untreated. 2000A. afterB. ifC. sinceD. unless3. If your car ____ any attention during the first 12 months, takeit to an authorized dealer. 1998A. shall needB. should needC. would needD. will need4、错综时间句，也就是主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间段。

语法回顾篇专四语法考点虚拟语气、情态动词、非谓语动词、复合句、倒装、小语法（省略，时态，反义疑问句，代词，强调句，主谓一致，冠词，形容词及副词）、as 的特殊用法。

专四英语语法考点串讲之一虚拟语气一般说来，有下列几种考点需要考生注意(十考点及两备考点）考点1. 与现在事实相反从句谓语动词用did(be用were)，主句谓语动词would(should,could,might)+do；考点2. 与过去事实相反从句谓语动词用had done，主句谓语动词用would(should,could,might)+ have done；例如：43.I _________the party much more if there hadn‟t been quite such a crowd of people there.A. would enjoyB. will have enjoyedC. would have enjoyedD. will be enjoying49.All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _________ quite such a crowd of people there.A. weren‟tB. hasn‟t beenC. hadn‟t beenD. wouldn‟t考点3.与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用：did(should+do或were + to do)，主句谓语动词用：would(should,could,might)+do。

例如：43. If your car ___ any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer.(08年）• A. shall need C. would need• B. should need D. will need考点4. 时态的交叉现象，也就是主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间段例如：If you had gone to see the doctor，you would be all right now.你要是早去看病,你现在就没事了。