主语从句讲解及练习

？ We don’t know
What does he want to tell us? We don’t know When will you come back? It doesn’t matter.
作业：汉译英。 用两个方式来翻译



中国作家莫言获得了诺贝尔文学奖是个 好消息。 一个学生去学好英语是很重要的。 据报道中国作家莫言获得了诺贝尔文学 奖。 地球围着太阳转是个常识。
4.名词性从句的种类：
根据名词性从句在句子中所充当的不同成 分,名词性从句可以分为主语从句、宾语 从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 5.主语从句： 在复合句中充当主语的名词性从句
定义： 用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词 性从句之一。 引导主语从句的连接词有： 从属连词: that, whether； 连接代词: who (whoever), whom, whose, what (whatever)和which (whichever)； 连接副词: when, where, how和why。



名词 代词 形容词 数词 动词 副词 介词
连词 感叹词 冠词



表示数目或顺序 连接词与词或句与句的作用 用来限制名词的意义 表示动作或状态 名词、代词其他词之间的关系 表示人或事物的特征或性状 表示强烈的感情 代替名词、数词等 表示动作的特征或性状特征 表示人或事物的名称
3). It + be + 过去分词 + that 从句
(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, etc。） 如： It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing.
4). It + 不及物动词或短语 + that 从句
Subject Clauses 主语从句
一、名词性从句的相关概念 二、名词性从句的种类： ㈠、主语从句 1、主语从句的连接词： 2、主语从句的规律： 3、主语从句试题集锦： ㈡、宾语从句 ㈢、表语从句 ㈣、同位语从句 三、课堂练习
句子的成分



【问】什么是句子成分？英语句子包含 哪些成分？ 【答】组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成 分。它包括：主语、谓语、宾语、定语 、状语、表语和宾语补足语等。 【问】各成分在句中的作用如何？分别 由哪些词及短语充当？
1).从属连词：
1）从属连词：that， whether 引导主语从句只起引 导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，that本身 无实际意义，但不能省略. whether意为“是否”， 放在句首句末皆可。 That price will go up is certain. That he will come is certain. Whether we go by train or by boat makes no difference. Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.
6) . 在 It + be + suggested/advised/ordered/requested/ insisted/required 中, that从句的谓语也应该用“should +
动词原形”的形式, should有时可以省略。
总结






规律一、主语从句一律用陈述语序，即主语在前，谓 语在后。 规律二、连词that 在从句中无实际意义，但不能省略 。 规律三、whether 可以引导主语从句，放在句首，但if 不能 规律四、主语从句中的连词不能重叠使用。 规律五、含主语从句的主句谓语动词多用单数第三人 称形式。 规律六、what 引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定主句 动词的单复数形式。 规律七、主语从句为了避免头重脚轻现象，用 it 做形 式主语，而把从 句放在后面。
-- It’s known to all that the earth is
round. 2. That you missed the chance is a pity. -- It is a pity that you missed the chance.
2. 用it 作形式主语的结构 1). It + be + 形容词 + that 从句 (obwk.baidu.comious, true, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable等 等) 如： It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 2）. It + be + 名词词组 + that 从句 (an honour, a fact, a pity 等等）如： It’s a pity that we can’t go there with you.
主语从句后置：
1. 为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用 it 作 形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. 例:
That we shall be late is certain. -- It’s certain that we shall be late.
1. That the earth is round is known to all.
Complete the sentences using what, whether, where, when， who, why, how or that.
( seem, happen, doesn’t matter, turn out等等) 如： It happened that I was out that day. It doesn’t matter whether she will come or no
注 意
1）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能 省略这些连接词。 误：They should like each other is natural. 正： That they should like each other is natural. It is natural that they should like each other. 2)如果主语从句放在句首，表示“是否”讲时，不 能用if引导，只能用whether;，但是如果用it 做形 式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引 导. 误：If Mary really heard him is really doubtful.
eg：
2. What you said is of great importance.
5) . 用于 It is important / natural / necessary / impossible that... 句型中, 主语从句应使用虚拟语气, 用“should + 动词原形”
的形式, should有时可以省略。
3).连接副词: when, where, why, how, how many, how much ,how long, how soon, how often 例:(1).When we’ll start tomorrow will be told soon. (2).Where we can buy oxen is something we need to find out. (3).Why he came here is not known. (4).How we can protect the grain from damp needs to be discussed. (5).How many people died from starvation that year will never be known. (6).How often he’ll go to see his grandmother depends on the time he can spare.
Make sentences :
It’s certain . we’ll be late.
Is he coming or not It’s certain that we will be late. That we’ll be late is certain. We don’t know whether he is coming or not . Whether he is coming is not known. We don’t know what he wants to tell us. What he wants to tell us is not known. It doesn’t matter when you will come back. When you will come back doesn’t matter.
2).连接代词: who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever,whatever, whichever
例: (1).It is clear who is afraid of having a change in land ownership. (2).Whose bag it is can not be told. (3).What India needs is a law to make land ownership fairer. (4).It is not yet decided which cash crop will be produced next year. (5).Whatever he said was right. (6).Whoever goes there must get ready by 6 o’clock.
answers




It is a good news that Chinese writer Moyan gets the Nobel Prize in literature. That Chinese writer Moyan gets the Nobel Prize in literature is a good news. It is important that a student learns English well. That a student learns English well is important. It is reported that Chinese writer Moyan got the Nobel Prize in literature. Chinese writer Moyan got the Nobel Prize in literature was reported. The earth moves around the sun is a common knowledge. It is a common knowledge that the earth moves around the sun.
一.名词性从句的相关概念
1.名词： 表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。 2.名词的句法作用： 名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。 另外还可以作定语。 3.名词性从句： 在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主 语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当， 这个句子就叫名词性从句。
一.名词性从句的相关概念
正：Whether Mary really heard him is really doubtful. It was doubtful if Mary really heard him.
3）主语从句中用陈述语序,后面的谓语动词用第三人称单数
4）“what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词：
常与其后的名词作表语一致 ，且根据句子的语境而定 。 1. What you left are only several old books.