湖北省武汉外国语学校高一英语下学期期中试题新人教版

武汉外国语学校2024-2025 学年度上学期学情调研(一)九年级英语试题第一卷(选择题共80分)第一部分听力部分第一节(共4小题，每小题1分，满分4分)听下面 4 个问题，每个问题后有三个答语，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每个问题后，你都有5秒钟的时间来作答和阅读下一小题。

每个问题仅读一遍。

1. A. She likes gardening. B. She’s a nurse. C. She visited a friend.2. A. Along the river. B. After dinner. C. With my mother.3. A. It’s so cool. B. I have no brothers. C. His name is Tony.4. A. He’s fourteen. B. Matt. C. In the classroom.第二节(8 小题，每小题1分，满分8分)听下面8段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来作答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

5. What’s the date today?A. It’s April 1st.B. It’s May 1st.C. It’s June 1st.6. What was the weather like yesterday afternoon?A. Windy.B. Rainy.C. Sunny.7. What does the girl mean?A. She was late for class yesterday.B. She didn’t see the new head teacher yesterday.C. She couldn’t find the new head teacher’s office yesterday.8. What will the woman do this afternoon?A. Give the man a lift.B. Visit the museum.C. Drop in on the man.9. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. How to avoid bad weather.B. When to visit Mexico City.C. Whether to make a trip plan.10. What would the boy probably say next?A. What’s up?B. What a pity!C. Lucky you!11. Where does the conversation take place probably?A. B. C.12. What can we inter from the man’s words?A. The article wasn’t very good.B. The article was about an accidentC. Only part of the article was published.第三节(共13小题，每小题1分，满分13分)听下面 4 段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中出最佳选项。

武汉外国语学校2023-2024学年度下学期期末考试高二英语试题考试时间：2024年6月27日考试时长：120分钟试卷满分：150分第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What will the man do?A. Drink coffee.B. Add some water.C. Wash cups.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】When will the man finish studying?A. At 1:00 a. m.B. At 9:00 p. m.C. At 11:00 p. m.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What will the woman probably do next?A. Go to check on her mother.B. Send her mother to hospital.C. Answer her mother’ s phone.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Co-workers.B. Husband and wife.C. Sales clerk and customer.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What food has been sold out?A. Chips.B. Nuts.C. Chocolate.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

2024-2025学年湖北省武汉外国语学校（武汉实验外国语学校）九年级上学期第一次月考语文试题阅读下面的实用类文本，完成各题。

萝卜跑起来①随着“萝卜快跑”投入市场，无人驾驶出租车和出租车司机的利益发生冲突，引发了舆论大讨论。

②在我看来，如果无人驾驶技术已经成熟，那可能先要为卡车司机而不是出租汽车司机担忧。

因为在市区内降低打车费也好，提升客运效率也罢，其实价值有限，无人驾驶再好也不可能让所有人都打车。

但是，如果相同的技术运用在长途公路货运上，那么想象力空间就会大很多。

一支24小时不休不眠的车队，在全国乃至全世界的高速公路上穿梭往返，那么中国怕有一半地区可以实现货运上的朝发夕至。

问题是——卡车司机怎么办？③社会上有一种声音说：这就是技术进步的代价。

汽车打击马车，纺织机打击家庭作坊这些事情，都是发生在历史书里。

因为不是发生在现实，不需要面对活生生的人和他们活生生的命运，当然可以趴到书桌上说这种漂亮话。

但是现在，技术对人工的替代就在你面前，普通人的生活和命运肉眼可见的正在迎来撞击，说这种话就未免冷血了一点，这不是“代价”两个字就可以轻松遮过的事情。

哪里存在一种社会，一群人一个阶层无法生存，其余的人和阶层可以继续安然度日的？④另外一种声音说是要禁止无人驾驶。

时代的浪潮到来了，人怎么可能阻止得了浪潮？无人驾驶现在看来是个大趋势，禁止一项技术并不能阻遏它在全球的传播，也不能阻止它对社会生产的改变。

禁止的唯一结果，就是人为拖延技术普及的时间，最后还是要额外花时间去追赶补齐。

你自己禁止火枪可以，但你没法禁止别人使用，于是你就得提着大刀长矛去面对铅弹。

没有萝卜快跑，还会有西瓜快滚，土豆快闪，哪里都拦得过来?⑤我们不妨换个角度来看问题。

无人驾驶的极大推广，意味着维护能力也需要极大提升。

这需要大量人力，也因此会催生一些之前并不存在的工种和岗位。

同样的，24小时不休不眠的货运车队听起来很美，但是维持车队24小时不间断运行，这本身就是一项巨大的工程，在所有环节上都需要有人去监督、协调，否则效率还是会提不起来。

武汉外国语学校2024—2024学年度上学期期中考试高一历史试题考试时间：2014年11月20日下午4:40—6:10命题人：胡志刚满分：100分第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共60分）本卷共30小题，每小题2分，共60分。

在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1.《荀子·儒效》记载：“(周公)兼制天下，立七十一国，姬姓独居五十三人。

”材料所述现象，对后世影响最深远的是A．稳定了西周的政治秩序B．形成了家国一体的观念C．有利于中心集权的建立D．导致了诸侯争霸的局面2.商朝灭亡后，“小邦”周还没有力气对商朝故地实行有效的限制。

为此，武王的做法是A．“封商纣子禄父殷之馀民” B．“武王征九牧之君”C．“乃褒封神农氏之后于焦” D．“于是封功臣谋士”3.《史记》记载，刘邦称帝之后以旧礼尊其父，有人劝告刘父：“今高祖虽子，人主也，太公虽父，人臣也。

奈何令人主拜人臣！如此，则威重不行。

”此后其父以尊礼待刘邦。

从文中可以看出A．宗法关系要听从君权B．刘邦违反了纲常伦理C．汉初宗法制趋于崩溃D．君臣关系等级森严4.柳宗元认为，秦末农夫起义“咎在人怨，非郡邑之制失也”；西汉七国之乱“有叛国而无叛郡”，“秦制之得亦明矣”。

下列哪种说法最符合材料原意A．郡县制与秦末农夫斗争没有关系B．七国之乱因汉初分封而爆发C．郡县制有利于中心集权D．郡县制取代分封制是历史的必定5.历史课上，探讨中国古代的管制演化，同学们征引史料，各抒己见。

甲说：方镇太重，君弱臣强……惟稍夺其权，制其钱谷，收其精兵。

乙说：天下之兵，本于枢密，有发兵之权而无握兵之重。

丙说：置中书省以治内，分行省以治外，……而天下事方如指掌矣。

丁说：……青海军兴，始设军机房，领以亲王大臣。

其中涉及宋代文官体制的史料是A．甲说、丙说B．甲说、乙说C．甲说、丁说D．乙说、丙说6.元朝时右丞相铁木迭儿掌管宣政院，他的儿子也为宣政院使。

《元史·奸臣传》记载了时人的指责，称其“无功于国，尽居贵显”。

武汉外国语学校2022-2023学年度下学期期中考试高一英语试卷命题教师：刘京平刘书航审题教师：邓溪第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10、秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What will the speakers do next?A. Visit a friend.B. Pick up Billy.C. Buy some beans.2. Who is Andy Clarks?A. A public librarian.B. A TV actor.C. A famous lawyer.3. What are the speakers talking about?A. Gifts for Jason.B. A baseball game.C. The woman’s retirement.4. What went on at Cooper’s last night?A. A movie show.B. A birthday party.C. A sales promotion.5. What problem do the speakers have?A. They are late for work.B. They get stuck in traffic.C. They have lost their way.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

武汉外国语学校2024—2025学年度上学期10月月考高三数学试卷命题教师： 审题教师：考试时间：2024年10月9日 考试时长：120分钟 试卷满分：150分一、单选题：本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．1. 已知集合，，则（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．2．复数的共轭复数是（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．3，且，则与的夹角为（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．4. 已知，则下列不等关系中不恒成立的是（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．5. 将体积为1的正四面体放置于一个正方体中，则此正方体棱长的最小值为（ ）A ．3B ．C ．D ．6. 武汉外校国庆节放7天假（10月1日至10月7日），马老师、张老师、姚老师被安排到校值班，每人至少值班两天，每天安排一人值班，同一人不连续值两天班，则不同的值班方法共有（ ）种A ．114B. 120C ．126D ．1327．已知，设函数，若关于的不等式在上恒成立，则的取值范围为（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．8. 已知函数，，函数，若为偶函数，则的值为（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．二、多选题：本题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分．在每小题给出的选项中，有多项符合题目要求．全部选对的得6分，部分选对的得部分分，有选错的得0分．9．下列关于概率统计的知识，其中说法正确的是（ ）A ．数据，0，2，4，5，6，8，9的第25百分位数是1B ．已知随机变量，若，，则C ．若一组样本数据（，2，…，n ）的对应样本点都在直线上，则这组样本数据的相关系数为D ．若事件M ，N 的概率满足，且，则M 与N 相互独立10. 连接抛物线上任意四点组成的四边形可能是（ ）A ．平行四边形B ．梯形C ．有三条边相等的四边形D ．有一组对角相等的四边形11. 设函数，则（ ）A ．当时，直线是曲线的切线B ．若有三个不同的零点，则C ．存在a ，b ，使得为曲线的对称轴D ．当时，在处的切线与函数的图象有且仅有两个交点 三、填空题：本题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分．12. 已知是等差数列的前n 项和，若，，则 ．13. 已知函数，写出函数的单调递减区间．14. 掷一个质地均匀的骰子，向上的点数不小于3得2分，向上的点数小于3得1分，反复掷这个骰子，（1）恰好得3分的概率为 ；（2）恰好得n 分的概率为．（用与n 有关的式子作答）{}2|230A x x x =+-≥{}|22B x x =-≤<A B = []2,1--[)1,2-[]1,1-[)1,2ii 212+-3i5-3i 5i -ib a -=c a c ⊥a b 6π3π23π56π(0,),(0,)22ππαβ∈∈()sin sin sin αβαβ+<+()sin cos cos αβαβ+<+()cos sin sin αβαβ+<+()cos cos cos αβαβ+<+33333a R ∈222,1()ln ,1x ax a x f x x a x x ⎧-+≤=⎨->⎩x ()0f x …R a[]0,1[]0,e []0,2[]1,e ()()f x f x x R =-∈，()15.5=f ()()()1g x x f x =-⋅()1+x g ()0.5-g 32.521.51-(),X B n p :()40E X =()30D X =160n =(),i i x y 1i =132y x =-+12-()()0,1P M ∈()()0,1P N ∈()()1P N M P N +=32()231f x x ax =-+0a =1y =()y f x =()f x 123,,x x x 12312x x x ⋅⋅=-x b =()y f x =02ax ≠()f x 0x x =()y f x =n S {}n a 320S =990S =6S =()()π2,0,cos 2sin ∈+=x xxx f ()x f四、解答题：本题共5小题，共77分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．15. （本题满分13分）已知的面积为，且满足,设和的夹角为，（1）求的取值范围；（2）求函数16.（本题满分15分）如图，已知四棱锥，，侧面为正三角形，底面是边长为4的菱形，侧面与底面所成的二面角为120°．（1）求四棱锥的体积；（2）求二面角的正弦值．17.（本题满分15分）已知函数（1）当时，求曲线在点处的切线方程；（2）若不等式恒成立，求的取值范围．18.（本题满分17分）已知椭圆的左､右焦点分别为，离心率为，且经过点A （1）求椭圆E 的方程；（2）求的角平分线所在直线的方程；（3）在椭圆E 上是否存在关于直线对称的相异两点？若存在，请找出；若不存在，说明理由．19.（本题满分17分）设使定义在区间上的函数，其导函数为.如果存在实数和函数，其中对任意的都有>0，使得，则称函数具有性质．（1）设函数，其中为实数① 求证：函数具有性质；② 讨论函数的单调性；（2）已知函数具有性质，给定，，且，若，求的取值范围．ABC ∆3360≤⋅≤AC AB AB ACθθ()2cos sin 3f πθθθθ⎛⎫=⋅+ ⎪⎝⎭ABCD P -AD PB ⊥PAD ABCD PAD ABCD ABCD P -A PB C --()2()e ln0x af x a a x-=+>a e =()y f x =()()1,1f ()2f x ≥a 2222:1(0)x y E a b a b +=>>12,F F 2352,3⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭21AF F ∠l l )(x f ),1(+∞)('x f a )(x h )(x h ),1(+∞∈x )(x h )1)(()('2+-=ax x x h x f )(x f )(a P )(x f 2ln (1)1b x x x +=+>+b )(x f )(b P )(x f )(x g )2(P 为正实数，设m x x x x ,),,1(,2121<+∞∈21)1(x m mx -+=α21)1(mx x m +-=β1,1>>βα12()()()()g g g x g x αβ-<-m2024-2025学年度高三10月月考数学试题参考答案一、选择题题号1234567891011答案DDBCCABDABDBCDABD二、填空题12.13. 14. （1）；（2）三、解答题15、解：（1）由题，可得，又，所以，得到或因为，所以6分（2），化简得进一步计算得，因为，故故可得13分16、解：（1）过点作垂直于平面，垂足为，连接交于，连接，则有，又，所以，因为，所以，又，所以为得中点依题侧面与底面所成的二面角为120°，即有，所以，因为侧面为正三角形，502433ππ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭，132713425153n -⎛⎫-⋅- ⎪⎝⎭3sin 21==∆θbc S ABC θsin 6=bc 36cos 0≤=⋅≤θbc AC AB 36sin cos 60≤≤θθ33tan≥θ2πθ=()πθ,0∈,62ππθ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦()2cos sin 3f πθθθθ⎛⎫=⋅+ ⎪⎝⎭()21sin 24f θθθ=()1sin 223f πθθ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭,62ππθ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦22033ππθ⎡⎤-∈⎢⎥⎣⎦，()102f θ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦，P PO ABCD O BO AD E PE AD PB AD PO ⊥⊥,P PB PO =⋂POB AD 平面⊥POB PE 平面⊂PE AD ⊥PD PA =E AD PAD ABCD 32π=∠PEB 3π=∠PEO PAD所以，则，所以7分（2）如图，在平面内过点作得垂线，依题可得两两垂直，以为建立空间直角坐标系可得，，，取得中点为，则因为，所以，由（1)，，知所以，可得所成角即为二面角的平面角，求得，，则则15分17、解：（1）当时，，，所求切线方程为：，即5分（2）转化为，可得构造函数，易得在单调递增所以有，由在单调递增,故可得，即有在恒成立令，，得到，可得时，；时，，所以在时取最大值所以，得到15分323sin4=⋅=πPE 323323sin=⋅=⋅=πPE PO 38323443131=⋅⋅⋅⋅==-PO S V ABCD ABCD P ABCD O OB Ox Ox OB OP ,,Ox OB OP ,,轴轴，轴，x y z ()0,3,2A ()0,0,0P ()0,33,0B PB N ⎪⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛23,233,0N AB AP =PB AN ⊥POB AD 平面⊥AD BC //POB BC 平面⊥PB BC ⊥NA BC ,A PB C --⎪⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-=23,23,2AN ()0,0,2=BC 72724-=-BC NA sin A PB C --=a e =1()e lnx e f x x -=+0(1)e ln 2f e =+=11()e ,(1)0x f x f x-''=-=)1(02-=-x y 2y =()2≥x f ln 2e ln ln 2a x a x +-+-≥ln 2e ln +2ln 0a x a x x x x +-+-≥+>，()e x g x x =+()g x R ()(ln 2)ln g a x g x +-≥()g x R ln 2ln a x x +-≥ln ln 2a x x ≥-+()∞+，0()2ln +-=x x x h ()011=-='xx h 1=x ()10，∈x ()0>'x h ()∞+∈，1x ()0<'x h ()x h 1=x ()ln 11a h ≥=ea ≥18、解：（1）∵椭圆E 经过点A ，∴，解得E ：；4分（2）由（1）可知，，思路一：由题意，，设角平分线上任意一点为，则得或∵斜率为正，∴的角平分线所在直线为思路二：椭圆在点A 处的切线方程为，根据椭圆的光学性质，的角平分线所在直线的斜率为，∴，的角平分线所在直线即10分（3）思路一：假设存在关于直线对称的相异两点，设，∴∴线段中点为在的角平分线上，即得∴与点A 重合，舍去，故不存在满足题设条件的相异的两点．思路二：假设存在关于直线对称的相异两点，线段中点，52,3⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭23e =222222549123a b a b c c e a ⎧⎪+=⎪⎪⎨=+⎪⎪==⎪⎩32a b c =⎧⎪=⎨⎪=⎩22195x y +=1(2,0)F -2(2,0)F 1:512100AF l x y -+=2:2AF l x =(),P x y 51210213x y x -+=-9680x y --=2390x y +-=21AF F ∠9680x y --=52,3⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭2319x y +=23k =-切21AF F ∠l 32l k =21AF F ∠34:23l y x =-9680x y --=l ()()1122,,,B x y C x y 2:3BC l y x m =-+2222195912945023x y x mx m y x m ⎧+=⎪⎪⇒-+-=⎨⎪=-+⎪⎩BC 25,39m mM ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭21AF F ∠106803m m --=3m =52,3M ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭l ()()1122,,,B x y C x y BC ()00,M x y由点差法，，∴，∴，与点A 重合，舍去，故不存在满足题设条件的相异的两点．17分19、解：（1）① ，∵，恒成立，∴函数具有性质；3分② 设，(i) 当即时，，，故此时在区间上递增；(ii) 当时当即时，，，故此时在区间上递增；当即时，，∴时，，，此时在上递减；时，，，此时在上递增.综上所述，当时，在上递增；当时，在上递减，在上递增.9分()()()222121()111b f x x bx x x x x +=-=-+'++1x >()()2101h x x x =>+()f x ()P b ()0f x '>()f x ()1,+∞()0f x '>()f x ()1,+∞x ⎛∈ ⎝()0f x '<()fx ⎛ ⎝()fx ∞⎫+⎪⎪⎭2b ≤()f x ()1,+∞2b >()fx ⎛ ⎝∞⎫+⎪⎪⎭2211222212122222195095195x y x x y y x y ⎧+=⎪⎪⇒+=⎨⎪+=⎪--⎩0121212120552993BC x y y x x k x x y y y -+==-=-=--+0065OM y k x ==:968052,63:5AM OM l x y M l y x --=⎧⎪⎛⎫⇒⎨⎪=⎝⎭⎪⎩()()211u x x bx x =-+>0b -≥0b ≤()0u x >0b >240b ∆=-≤02b <≤()0u x >240b ∆=->2b>1211x x ==<=>，()0u x<x ∞⎫∈+⎪⎪⎭()0u x >()0f x '<（2）由题意， ，又对任意的都有，所以对任意的都有，在上递增.10分∵，，∴①先考虑的情况即，得，此时，∴∴满足题意13分②当时，，，∴∴，∴，不满足题意，舍去16分综上所述，17分()()22()()21()1g x h x x x h x x =-+=-'()h x ()1,x ∈+∞()0h x >()1,x ∈+∞()0g x '>()g x ()1,+∞12(1)mx m x α=+-12(1)m x mx β=-+()()1212,21x x m x x αβαβ+=+-=--12x x αβ-<-()()121221m x x x x --<-01m <<1122(1)x mx m x x α<=+-<1122(1)x m x mx x β<=-+<1212()()(),()()()g x g g x g x g g x αβ<<<<12()()()()g g g x g x αβ-<-1m ≥11112(1)(1)mx m x mx m x x α--≤==++12222(1)(1)m x mx m x mx x β=--+≥=+12x x αβ≤<≤12()()()()g g x g x g αβ≤<≤12()()()()g g g x g x αβ-≥-01m <<。

2023-2024学年湖北省武汉市武汉外国语学校高三（最后冲刺）语文试卷注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

1、阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。

严复叶兆言严复是学海军出身的，以资历论，他是海军的老前辈。

严复学海军的时候，才14岁，学了五年，毕业了，分配在扬武舰当实习生。

当时正处于中国海军的草创时期，从时间上来说，中国海军的起步，比日本略早。

光绪二年，严复被派往英国继续深造海军。

光绪六年，李鸿章创办北洋水师学堂，聘请刚回国的严复担任总教习，以后又升任总办，这时候他才二十多岁，年轻有为，前程似锦。

可惜这一代学海军的人，注定不会有大出息，因为大清朝的腐败，已烂到了骨子里。

日本人成了中国人的心腹大患。

中国海军的脸面，很快在甲午中日大海战中，丢失殆尽。

第二年，清政府撤销了海军衙门，严复成不了一代海军名将，英雄无用武之地，临了只好弃武就文，到文化人的圈子里来混。

林琴南翻译《巴黎茶花女遗事》，风靡了一大群痴情男女，这种靠小说讨好读者的事情,严复是不愿意干的。

他是武人出身,对风花雪月看不入眼，而且相信小说会越看越没有出息，临了不过是儿女情长，英雄气短。

严复选择了西方的社会学著作，成了一名现代文明的窃火者，梁启超因此称他为“清季输入欧化之第一人”。

从时间上看，严译《天演论》是182年，比林琴南略早几天。

林译小说以情动人，严译著作以理服人，他的《天演论》在思想方面，给一代中国人巨大的冲击。

这一年正是戊戌变法之年，“物竞天择，适者生存”的进化论观点，成了现成的改革口号，此后许多年里，救亡图存的观念深入人心，就思想启迪而言,严译要比林译更有意义得多。

就在翻译《天演论》的同一年，严复给光绪皇帝写过一封万言书，把今日世界和中国古代战国做了比较，指出春秋战国时期重视兼并，而现在各国讲究平权，当时的小国如宋，如中山，都被七雄灭了，如今的一些小国，如荷兰，如瑞士，却依然能够瓦全于世界列强之间。

2023-2024学年湖北武汉外国语学校高一上学期期末英语试题1. Have you seen my Think and Step Step UP? I ______ them since 7:30 a.m.A．have been looking for B．had been looking forC．have looked after D．had looked after2. If it had not been for the help from the Students’ Union, the WFLS 2024 New Year Party ______ so smoothly.D．went A．shouldn’t go B．would go C．wouldn’t havegone3. —Could you meet me at the airport?—I’d like to, but I’m afraid I a very important meeting when you return.A．am attending B．was attendingC．will be attending D．will have attended4. Hurry up! The concert will begin at half past eight. The performers _________ half an hour when you arrive.A． will be playing B． will have playedC． are playing D． have played5. His facial expression suggested that he ______ very impatient,which was why I made a suggestion that he _______out to take in some fresh air.A．should be/ went B．was/ wentC．were/ should go D．was/ go6. If they earlier than expected, they here now.A． had started; would be B． started; might beC． had started; would have been D． will start; might have been7. You didn’t take his advice. ________ his advice, you ________ such a mistake.A．Were you to ta ke; shouldn’t have madeB．If you had taken; would makeC．Had you taken; wouldn’t have madeD．Have you taken; won’t have made8. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers __ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.A．where B．whenC．who D．which9. I was born in New Orleans，Louisiana，a city ________ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.A．which B．of which C．that D．whose10. Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, ________ the audience can buy ice-cream.A．when B．whereC．that D．whichMany environmentalists and entrepreneurs are looking for ideas on how to “capture gold” ― that is, how to collect and convert plastic waste into new plastic or fuel.OK, describing plastic waste as potential “gold” may be overdoing it. But the campaigners say that publicizing the notion that plastic is worth something may help reduce the amount of waste that ends up in oceans and the bellies of sea creatures.To that end, they have set up a competition inviting members of the public to submit ideas online. Organizers will take the best ones to the Rio+20 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro next month, where they are planning a daylong side event called Plasticity focusing on issues related to plastic pollution.The plastic waste problem is gaining broader attention as environmentalists, scientists, manufacturers and the public become more aware of the sheer volume of the stuff that finds its way into the sea.More than 260 million metric tons of plastic are now produced per year, according to the trade association PlasticsEurope. The majority of that is not recycled. Most of it ends up in landfill, and a significant amount ends up as litter on land, in rivers and in the oceans.Technological advances have made clear that it is possible to reuse much of this plastic by turning it into fuel or new products. Yet the companies that have come up with such solutions have not achieved the economies of scale that would allow them to function profitably. Insufficient waste-collection and recycling systems in most countries also stand in the way of “trash to cash” concept, said Doug Woodring, an environmental entrepreneur in Hong Kong who is among the organizer of the Plasticity forum in Rio.Rather than breast-beating, the forum aims to highlight some of the technologies and ideas out there for collection and reuse. My personal favorite for now is a vacuum cleaner with plastic parts made from plastic waste.11. What do the campaigners like to do exactly?A．To describe plastic waste as potential “gold”.B．To invite members of the public to their forum.C．To collect ideas on how to recycle plastic waste.D．To hold a competition on how to deal with environmental pollution.12. The underlined part “trash to cash” most probably means “”.A．applying modern technology to recycling systemsB．collecting sufficient plastic waste for future useC．establishing many environmental businessesD．turning plastic waste into fuel or new products13. According to the passage, the companies that want to reuse plastic waste .A．have collected enough waste to be usedB．have no practical solutionsC．haven’t reached profitable scaleD．lack technological advancesThe tanker lay in the bay for four days, a few hundred meters from the shore. In this tideless water she lay as still and secure as if fastened to a wall. In a way, she was, for the sandy bottom held her in its grip. Twice the harbor master’s boat went out to her; the second time it brought off a number of the crew. It never occurred to the watchers on shore that the ship was in danger, she looked so calm and seaworthy. From time to time there was activity on board: when a land wind rose in the evenings, the tanker’s engines came to life. Th en the vessel shook herself and strained fiercely, but none of it did her any good. She just stayed where she was in the bay.The July sun blazed down on her flat decks. Occasionally a seaman , stripped to the waist, came out on to the deck with the movements of someone performing a complicated dance, stepping lightly, never resting on that burning metal. Once or twice he kept close to the ship’s rail, with an arm raised against the sunlight, staring at the people on the beach. Throughout the day the air rose in visible waves from the tanker’s decks. When a sea wind blew, it brought with it the heavy smell of oil. At night the ship lay in total darkness.On the fifth morning a thick bank of sea mist filled the bay. It seemed that the tanker had got away in the night and gone into harbor. But this was an illusion. Slowly, as the fog cleared a little, she came into view again but farther out. Soon two figures could be seen at work on her deck. There was the sound of hammering, of metal on metal, and then of something heavy falling on to the deck. At once the watchers on shore were half blinded by a flash of yellow light that enveloped the ship from end to end. The explosion that followed the flash was like a single crack from a giant whip. In a moment the ship, except for a dark line at water level, was lost to sight behind the flames.Two bodies were washed ashore in the bay. They were stripped to the waist, bare-footed and black with flash burns. The right arm of one body was raised to the forehead as if shielding the eyes from some bright light. The other man wore a gold chain round his neck. The tanker burned for nine days and nights.14. What prevented the tanker from sailing into harbor?A．She was waiting for a suitable tide.B．Most of her crew had gone ashore.C．She had run aground on sand.D．Her engines had broken down.15. The people who were watching from the beach _____.A．realized the trouble but could do nothing about itB．offered to help without knowing what to doC．did not know there was anything wrong with the ship D．did not want to put themselves in any danger16. Why did the seaman keep moving about?A．Because the deck was uncomfortable to stand on.B．Because that was the best way to keep his balance.C．Because he was practicing some kind of dance.D．Because he had to pretend he was working.17. How did the mist affect the situation?A．It forced the ship to move farther from the shore.B．It made the seamen’s work harder.C．It allowed the ship to move into the harbor.D．For a time it hid the ship from sight.18. The explosion occurred on the tanker when _____.A．she was unloading her oilB．the fog began to clearC．the two seamen were workingD．she was struck by lightning19. What happened to the two seamen?A．They were blown off the ship and swam ashore.B．They were killed in the explosion.C．They survived but were badly burned.D．They died shortly after reaching the beach.(1)Traveling through the country a couple of weeks ago on business, I was listening to the talk of the late UK writer Douglas Adams’ masterwork The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy on the radio and thought- I know, I’ll pick up the next hitchhikers I see and ask them what the state of real hitching is today in Britain.(2) I drove and drove on main roads and side roads for the next few days and never saw a single one.(3) When I was in my teens and twenties, hitchhiking was a main form of long-distance transport. The kindness or curiosity of strangers took me all over Europe, North America, Asia and southern Africa. Some of the lift-givers became friends, many provided hospitality on the road.(4) Not only did you find out much more about a country than when traveling by train or plane, but there was that element of excitement about where you would finish up that night. Hitchhiking featured importantly in Western culture. It has books and songs about it. So what has happened to it?(5) A few years ago, I was asked the same question about hitching in a column of a newspaper. Hundreds of people from all over the world responded with their view on the state of hitchhiking.(6)Rural Ireland was recommended as a friendly place for hitching, as was Quebec, Canada - “if you don’t mind being criticized for not speaking French”.(7) But while hitchhiking was clearly still alive and well in some places, the general feeling was that throughout much of the west it was doomed.(8) With so much news about crime in the media, people assumed that anyone on the open road without the money for even a bus ticket must present a danger. But do we need to be so wary both to hitch and to give a lift?(9) In Poland in the 1960s, according to a Polish woman who e-mailed me, “the authorities introduced the Hitchhiker’s Booklet. The booklet contained coupons for drivers, so each ti me a driver picked somebody, he or she received a coupon. At the end of the season, drivers who had picked up the most hikers were rewarded with various prizes. Everyone was hitchhiking then.”(10) Surely this is a good idea for society. Hitchhiking would increase respect by breaking down barriers between strangers. It would help fight global warming by cutting down on fuel consumption as hitchhiker would be using existing fuels. It would also improve educational standards by delivering instant lessons in geography, history, politics and sociology.(11) A century before Douglas Adams wrote his Hitchhiker’s Guide, another adventure story writer, Robert Louis Stevenson, gave us what should be the hitchhiker’s motto: “To travel hopefully is a better thing than to arrive.” What better time than putting a holiday weekend into practice. Either put it to the test yourself, or help out someone who is trying to travel hopefully with his thumb outstretched.20. In which paragraph(s) does the writer comment on his experience of hitchhiking?A．3 and 4 B．3 C．4 and 5 D．421. According to the public’s responses to a newspaper column, ______.A．Hitchhiking is still popular in Poland.B．Hitchhiking is popular throughout the west.C．Hitchhiking is popular only in North America.D．Hitchhiking is popular in some parts of the world. 22. What is the writer’s attitude towards the practice in Poland?A．Critical. B．Stronglyfavourable. C．Somewhatfavourable.D．Unclear.23. The writer has mentioned all the following benefits of hitchhiking EXCEPT .A．Increasing one’s confidence in strangersB．Promoting mutual respect between strangersC．Enriching one’s knowledgeD．Protecting environmentOne morning a few years ago, Harvard President Neil Rudenstine overslept. For this busy man, it was a sort of alarm: after years of non-stop hard work, he might wear himself out and die an early death.Only after a week’s leave—— during which he read novels, listened to music and walked with his wife on a beach —— was Rudenstine able to return to work.In our modern life, we have lost the rhythm between action and rest. Amazingly, within this world there is a universal but silly saying: “I am so busy.”We say this to one another as if our tireless efforts were a talent by nature and an ability to successfully deal with stress. The busier we are, the more important we seem to ourselves and, we imagine, to others. To be unavailable to our friends and family, and to be unable to find time to relax—— this has become the model of a successful life.Because we do not rest, we lose our way. We miss the guide telling us where to go, the food providing is with strength, the quiet giving us wisdom.How have we allowed this to happen? I believe it is this: we have forgotten the Sabbath, the day of the week—— for followers of some religions—— for rest and praying. It is a day when we are not supposed to work, a time when we devote ourselves to enjoying and celebrating what is beautiful. It is a good time to bless our children and loved ones, give thanks, share meals, walk and sleep. It is a time for us to take a rest, to put our work aside, trusting that there are larger forces at work taking care of the world.Rest is s spiritual and biological need; however, in our strong ambition to be successful and care for our many responsibilities, we may feel terribly guilty when we take time to rest. The Sabbath gives us permission to stop work. In fact, “Remember the Sabbath” is more than simply permission to rest; it is a rule to obey and a principle to follow.24. According to Paragraph 4, a successful person is one who is believed to _______.A．be able to work without stressB．be more talented than other peopleC．be more important than anyone elseD．be busying working without time to rest25. What is the main idea of the passage?A．The Sabbath gives us permission to rest.B．We should balance work with rest.C．It is silly to say “I am busy.”D．We should be available to our family and friends.Have you ever gone to work to find that one of your co-workers is coughing and sneezing all day long? You do your best to keep a safe distance and wonder: Why did he or she come to work when they were ill? The reality for many Americans is that they do not have enough paid sick time each year to afford them the luxury of staying home because they don’t feel well.This problem doesn’t just affect the working employees who are sick, though. In an article by James Warren for Bloomberg Business Week, a second-grade school teacher, Stilli Klikizos shares about th e sick children that must stay in school all day long because their parents can’t get off work to come and get them. In the past school year, she had several children who were unable to be picked up at school who were later diagnosed with H1N1.There is a movement called the Healthy Families Act in Congress that would change this situation for many Americans. The Healthy Family Act would require employers with 15 or more employees to provide 7 paid sick days a year for their workers. These days could be used not only for days when the worker is sick, but the time can also be used when caring for others, or going to routine doctor’s appointments.Those who are against the Act argue that many businesses are struggling to make ends meet owing to recession, and point out that this is the wrong time to force employers to add an additional expense.Those who support the Healthy Families Act say that our nation can’t afford to not take these measures. When an individual goes to work sick, they are possibly infecting their co-workers, clients and customers.According to a report by Katie Couric on the CBS evening news, three fourths of low wage earners get docked when they are sick. Those individuals include daycare workers and restaurant workers, whose health can affect the health of many.26. Why do many Americans still come to work when they are sick?A．They work in high spirits.B．The cost of staying home is great.C．The cost of medical treatment is high.D．They often ignore the illness if not serious.27. In the article mentioned in this passage, James Warren intends to say ______.A．parents shouldn’t leave the sick children at schoolB．children need more thoughtful and considerate careC．adults’ not having enough paid sick time may be bad for childrenD．teachers are responsible for taking good care of children at school28. According to the Healthy Families Act, ______.A．the employees could demand their companies pay for their medical billsB．the employees can use the paid sick days to take care of their sick childrenC．the employees can use the paid sick days to take a trip so as to relax themselves.D．all the employers are required to provide 7 paid sick days a year for their workers 29. Why are some people against the Healthy Families Act?A．The nation can’t afford to do as the Act requires.B．Companies have no such duty to provide paid sick time.C．Usually one’s illness won’t infect his co-workers and customers.D．Many companies’ financial situations are not so good due to the recession.30. The term “get docked” (Para 6) probably means “______ ”.A．be fired B．get paid C．save somemoney D．lose part of wagesI dislike making school lunches.Each morning,I am in a hurry busy slicing cucumbers, washing berries,and filling water bottles,all the while feeling annoyed and even slightly angry. The lunches aren't particularly challenging to prepare.My daughters are content with the food in their lunch box.31 There's no good reason for my annoyance.And then one morning a thought suddenly came into my mind-I am so lucky.Within seconds,those four words bloomed throughout my awareness. 32 I am so lucky to live in a home with electricity,running water,and a functional refrigerator.I am so lucky to live near a grocery store with a plentiful selection of fresh food and snacks and so lucky to have enough money to afford them.I am so lucky to have two daughters who are healthy enough to eat and digest the food I send with them.I can't tell you where this sudden burst of gratitude came from,but I do know this:that small shift immediately made my morning lunch routine extremely easier.Rather than feeling impatient and annoyed,I felt calm and pleased.Rather than mentally complaining through the whole morning,I was able to appreciate my situation. 33I am so grateful for peanut butter.Thank goodness for this magical source of protein that my daughters will actually eat.And jelly,sweet,sweet,jelly.I can't forget sliced bread-oh,the magic of sliced bread!Imagine if I had to cut those slices myself each morning? 34Don't get me wrong-I still don't enjoy making lunches. 35 It gives me just enough space from my bad temper to choose a different response to whatever is going on.A video was breaking the Internet. In the video, a white truck was _______ on a highway, and people were trying to break the _______. Some viewers began to assume that it was the scene ofa(n) _______ , but the truth was quite different.The story all started on a Georgia interstate highway. While _______ a white truck, a woman called Juordin Carter noticed something wrong. The truck was going slowly on such a _______ highway, which was a dangerous situation. She looked over to the right and saw an older man driving but he bent over. Actually he had passed out, leaving his vehicle _______ .Some other drivers also noticed the man. Then they ran alongside the truck, shouting to get the driver’s _______. But it was clear that he wasn’t able to _______ , so they joined together and managed to stop the vehicle. Finding him _______, they had no choice but to break into the truck and get him out. ________ , it was easier said than done. From a stroller to a tire and even a hammer, nothing was breaking through ________ a man called Campbell took a shot at the back window. After that he kicked down the rest of the ________ , slid in and unlocked the door. After the ________ hurried to get to the scene, the driver finally received treatment and got saved.Juordin recorded the incident and shared the video online to show the ________ of the unknown drivers. It feels good to see people, especially ________, regardless of race or religion, come together to help someone else.36.A．pushed B．fixed C．stopped D．moved37.A．window B．door C．floor D．roof38.A．test B．accident C．fight D．game39.A．going after B．getting off C．focusing on D．passing by 40.A．new B．busy C．broad D．familiar 41.A．unattended B．unfounded C．unadjusted D．unsupported 42.A．permission B．attention C．rescue D．signal43.A．escape B．understand C．respond D．continue 44.A．silent B．unconscious C．confused D．uncomfortable 45.A．However B．Therefore C．Still D．Otherwise 46.A．if B．after C．as D．until47.A．crowd B．board C．glass D．tool48.A．woman B．truck C．police D．ambulance 49.A．kindness B．honesty C．ability D．intelligence 50.A．drivers B．strangers C．friends D．volunteers语法填空Newspapers, magazines, even online articles offer reading materials. More strictly speaking, reading means reading books. However, online materials are taking 51 place of books, and reading books seems to go out of fashion nowadays. 52 reading habits have changed can be felt from the amount of time young people spend 53 (sweep) through short videos on their smartphones.Some people claim short videos contain much information, and are easier to look through. But by 54 (compare) with books, short videos have fragmented (碎片化的) and disorganized contents, which could affect people’s understanding of a subject. Reading articles and short posts 55 (play) an important role in integrating knowledge and achievements. But fragmented knowledge could prevent us from acting in a 56 ( practice ) manner or thinking logically.A country’s true development is measured from such 57 (aspect): its philosophical development, its scientific development and its technological development. Cultural development, too, is important. But 58 the help of books, people cannot take the development forward. Since more and more people could 59 (bare) discover the charm of reading now, there is a need, therefore, 60 (seek) novel ways to guide them toward books.61. The explanation was simple but very unusual. A bird had _________up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires.（根据句意填空）62. This time it was the postman and he wanted me to sign for a ___________ letter! （根据句意填空）63. Very excited, the party dug a hole two feet deep. They finally found a small gold coin which was almost _________.（根据句意填空）64. After a great many loud _________, the race began. Many of the cars broke down on the course and some drivers spent more time under their cars than in them! （根据句意填空）65. Glancing at her __________, he told her that the dress was sold. The woman walked out of the shop angrily and decided to punish the assistant next day. （根据句意填空）66. The tree was planted near the church fifty years ago, but it is only in recent years that it has gained an evil __________. （根据句意填空）67. As soon as I went outside, I forgot all about Madam Bellinsky because my wife hurried towards me. “Where have you been hiding?” she asked _________.（根据句意填空）68. When the fire had at last been put out, the forest ______ ordered several tons of a special type of grass-seed which would grow quickly.69. This would solve the problem of __________, for if a train entered this tunnel, it would draw in fresh air behind it. （根据句意填空）70. Jeremy asked her why this was so and she told him that she did not like to see so many people____________ at him! （根据句意填空）请从方框中选择正确的单词，并用其正确的形式，填入到下面10个句子的空格中。

2024届湖北省武汉市外国语学校英语九年级第一学期期末学业水平测试试题考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。

2．第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。

3．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

Ⅰ. 单项选择1、______ Lucy ______ you can go to the party. One of you has to stay at home to look after your grandma. A．Neither; nor B．Either; or C．Not only; but also D．Both; and2、—Mom, I’m hungry. Is there any food at home?— Only one cake left. You can eat .A．one B．it C．this3、The general ____of the competition is much higher this year, so it's difficult for me to win the first prize. A．standard B．discussion C．exhibition D．instrument4、A new road __________ near my school next year.A．builds B．will buildC．is built D．will be built5、—I think using Wechat every night is a waste of time.—Yes. In fact, there are ▲ meaningful things to do.A．less B．more C．the least D．the most6、I have some problems with my health. Can you give me some _______?A．advice B．messages C．suggestion D．information7、-Good cooks are all men- ___________. In my family, my mother cooks better than my father.A．That's true B．That's all right C．That's not the case D．That's it8、—Excuse me, will the plane for Beijing within an hour?—I’m not sure. You can go to the Information Desk for h elp.A．get off B．take offC．turn off D．show off9、Ms. Yang often shares Chinese food and music foreigners.A．to B．for C．with10、-- Did you have a discussion with him about the matter?--- No. When I saw him, he________ his history project busily.A．has prepared B．prepares C．was preparing D．preparedⅡ. 完形填空11、Joe was a farmer. His farmland was so poor that he hadn’t good harvest for years. “If God let me control the1 , then everything will get better,” he complained, “I know better than God does because I am a clever farmer.”God heard his words. “Well, I will give you one year,” God replied. “You will be in charge of the weather. Let’s see what your crops grow like.”On hearing this, Joe was so 2 that he couldn’t believe what he heard. But he still wanted to have a try. He shouted, “Sunny!” Suddenly the clouds went away.“Unbelievable!” He thought to himself and tried again, “rain!” The sky became cloudy right away and heavy rain poured down.In the following year, he changed the weather between sunny and 3 . Watching his crops growing bigger and bigger, he felt satisfied.When the harvest season came, he went to the field, looking forward to a big harvest. But his heart sank to the bottom when he found his strong crops had not grown any grain（谷粒）at all. Puzzled and 4 , he started crying. Once again, God 5 him.“Don’t you have your wish to control the weather?” God asked again. “Yes, but I just can’t understand it. I have given them what they 6 . How could it be?” J oe 7 . “That’s because you 8 asked for wind, rainstorm, snow or anything that could make the roots stronger. Without strong roots, of course they won’t grow any fruit.” After he realized this, Joe asked God to 9 the power.It turned out th at only through life’s challenges, we would succeed in harvest the 10 of life. It takes both ups and downs to get satisfactory results.1．A．time B．world C．weather D．way2．A．surprised B．sorry C．angry D．worried3．A．windy B．rainy C．cloudy D．snowy4．A．excited B．embarrassed C．nervous D．disappointed5．A．refused B．heard C．thanked D．punished6．A．know B．have C．offer D．need7．A．mentioned B．noted C．suggested D．wondered8．A．almost B．never C．always D．just9．A．take back B．take off C．give up D．put out10．A．taste B．money C．fruit D．discoverⅢ. 语法填空12、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。

2022-2023学年湖北省武汉外国语学校高一（下）期末数学试卷一、单选择：本大题共8个小题，每小题5分，共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1．复数z 满足z （1+i ）＝2i （i 为虚数单位），则z 的虚部为（ ） A ．1B ．﹣1C ．﹣iD ．i2．关于用统计方法获取数据，分析数据，下列结论错误的是（ ） A ．调查一批炮弹的杀伤半径，合理的调查方式为抽样调查B ．抽签法适用于总体中个体数较少，样本量也较小的抽样，随机数法适用于总体中个体数较多，但样本量较小的抽样C ．若数据x 1，x 2，x 3，…，x n 的平均数为x ，则数据y i ＝ax i ﹣b （i ＝1，2，3，…，n ）的平均数为ax −bD ．若甲、乙两组数据的标准差满足s 甲＜s 乙，则可以估计乙比甲更稳定 3．若tan α＝2，则sin2α2+cos 2α的值为（ ）A ．47B ．411C ．211D ．274．已知向量a →=(1，1)，b →=(1，−1)，则“(a →+λb →)⊥(a →+μb →)”是“λμ＝﹣1”的（ ）条件． A ．充要条件 B ．充分不必要 C ．必要不充分D ．既不充分也不必要5．一个正四面体的棱长为2，则它的外接球与内切球体积之比为（ ） A ．3：1B ．√3：1C ．9：1D ．27：16．如图，△A 'O 'B '是水平放置的△AOB 的直观图，但部分图象被墨汁覆盖，已知O '为坐标原点，顶点A '、B '均在坐标轴上，且△AOB 的面积为9，则O 'B '的长度为（ ）A ．34B ．3√22C ．32D ．3√247．已知I 为△ABC 的内心，且满足4IA →+3IB →+3IC →=0→，若△ABC 内切圆半径为2，则其外接圆半径的大小为（ ） A ．92B ．3C ．94D ．48．已知一个长方体的封闭盒子，从同一顶点出发的三条棱长分别为3，4，5，盒内有一个半径为1的小球，若将盒子随意翻动，则小球达不到的空间的体积是（ ） A ．36−203πB ．32−223πC ．60﹣12πD ．60−403π二、多选择：本大题共4个小题，每小题5分，共20分.多选或不选得0分，漏选得2分. 9．已知A ，B 是相互独立事件，且P(A)=12，P(B)=12，下列说法正确的是（ ） A ．A ，B 可能是互斥事件B ．P(AB)=14C ．P （A ∪B ）=34D ．由于P （A ）+P （B ）＝1，则A ，B 可能是相互对立事件10．△ABC 中，角A ，B ，C 所对的边为a ，b ，c ，下列叙述正确的是（ ） A ．若a cos B ＝b cos A ，则△ABC 是等腰三角形 B ．若a cosA=b cosB=c cosC，则△ABC 一定是等边三角形C ．若A ＞B ，则cos A ＜cos BD ．若2b ≥a +c ，则B ∈(0，π3]11．若正四棱柱ABCD ﹣A 1B 1C 1D 1的底面棱长为4，侧棱长为3，且M 为棱AA 1的靠近点A 的三等分点，点P 在正方形ABCD 的边界及其内部运动，且满足MP 与底面ABCD 的所成角θ≥π4，则下列结论正确的是（ ）A ．点P 所在区域面积为π4B ．有且仅有一个点P 使得MP ⊥PC 1 C ．四面体P ﹣A 1CD 1的体积取值范围为[6，8] D ．线段|PC 1|长度最小值为√1712．已知a ＞0，b ＞0，下列命题中正确的是（ ）A ．若ab ﹣a ﹣2b ＝0，则a +2b ≥8B ．若a +b ＝2，则ba +4b≥5C ．若a +b ＝1，则√2a +4+√b +1≤2√3D ．若1a+1+1b+2=13，则ab +a +b ≥14+6√6三、填空题（本题4小题，每题5分，共20分）13．已知A （2，3），B （4，﹣3），点P 在线段AB 的延长线上，且|AP →|=43|PB →|，则点P 的坐标为 ． 14．函数f(x)=log 2(2sinx −√3)的单调增区间是 ．15．在直角△ABC 中，AB ＝AC ＝2，AC 上有一动点P （异于B ，C ），将△ABP 沿AP 折起，使得三棱锥A ﹣PBC 的顶点A 在底面PBC 上的投影M 恰好落在线段BC 上，则BM 长度的范围 ． 16．已知锐角△ABC 中，a 2−b 2c 2=2cosC ，则a2bcos 2B的取值范围 ．四、解答题（本题共6题，总分70分）17．（10分）如图，棱长为2的正方体ABCD ﹣A 1B 1C 1D 1中，E ，F 分别为棱AB ，BC 的中点． （1）求作过D 1，E ，F 三点的截面（写出作图过程）； （2）求截面图形的面积．18．（12分）某校为了解学生每日行走的步数，在全校3000名学生中随机抽取200名，给他们配发了计步手环，统计他们的日行步数，按步数分组，得到频率分布直方图如图所示．（1）求a 的值，并求出这200名学生日行步数的样本众数、中位数、平均数；（2）学校为了鼓励学生加强运动，决定对步数大于或等于13000步的学生加1分，计入期末三好学生评选的体育考核分，估计全校每天获得加分的人数．19．（12分）设△ABC 的内角A 、B 、C 的对边长分别为a 、b 、c ，cos （A ﹣C ）+cos B ＝1，b 2＝ac ． （1）求B ；（2）若b ＝2，求△ABC 的周长．20．（12分）甲、乙两名射击运动员进行射击比赛，每轮比赛甲、乙各射击一次，已知甲中靶的概率为34，乙中靶的概率为45，每轮比赛中甲、乙两人射击的结果互不影响，求下列事件的概率：（1）第一轮射击中恰好有一人中靶； （2）经过两轮射击，两人共中靶3次．21．（12分）如图，四棱锥S ﹣ABCD 的底面是正方形，SD ⊥平面ABCD ，SD ＝2a ，AD =√2a ，点E 是SD 上的点，且DE ＝λa （0＜λ≤2），（1）若λ＝1，求AC 和BE 所成角的余弦值；（2）设二面角C ﹣AE ﹣D 的大小为θ，直线BE 与平面SCD 所成的角为φ，求出tanφtanθ的最大值，并指出此时的λ取值22．（12分）已知函数f(x)=log 2(4x +1)+ax 是偶函数． （1）求实数a 的值； （2）若函数g （x ）＝22x +2﹣2x+m •2f（x ）的最小值为﹣3，求实数m 的值；（3）当k 为何值时，讨论关于x 的方程[f （x ）﹣1+k ][f （x ）﹣1﹣4k ]+2k 2+k ＝0的根的个数．（请写出详细解答过程）2022-2023学年湖北省武汉外国语学校高一（下）期末数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、单选择：本大题共8个小题，每小题5分，共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1．复数z 满足z （1+i ）＝2i （i 为虚数单位），则z 的虚部为（ ） A ．1B ．﹣1C ．﹣iD ．i解：由z （1+i ）＝2i ，得z =2i 1+i =2i(1−i)(1+i)(1−i)=2+2i2=1+i ，∴z 的虚部为1． 故选：A ．2．关于用统计方法获取数据，分析数据，下列结论错误的是（ ） A ．调查一批炮弹的杀伤半径，合理的调查方式为抽样调查B ．抽签法适用于总体中个体数较少，样本量也较小的抽样，随机数法适用于总体中个体数较多，但样本量较小的抽样C ．若数据x 1，x 2，x 3，…，x n 的平均数为x ，则数据y i ＝ax i ﹣b （i ＝1，2，3，…，n ）的平均数为ax −bD ．若甲、乙两组数据的标准差满足s 甲＜s 乙，则可以估计乙比甲更稳定解：对于A ，因为调查一批炮弹的杀伤半径，具有破坏性，所以合理的调查方式为抽样调查，故A 正确； 对于B ，抽签法适用于总体中个体数较少，样本量也较小的抽样，随机数法适用于总体中个体数较多，但样本量较小的抽样，故B 正确；对于C ，根据平均数的性质，可知数据y i ＝ax i ﹣b （i ＝1，2，3，…，n ）的平均数为a x −b ，故C 正确； 对于D ，若甲、乙两组数据的标准差满足s 甲＜s 乙，则可以估计甲比乙更稳定，故D 错误． 故选：D ． 3．若tan α＝2，则sin2α2+cos 2α的值为（ ）A ．47B ．411C ．211D ．27解：因为tan α＝2， 所以sin2α2+cos 2α=2sinαcosα2sin 2α+3cos 2α=2tanα2tan 2α+3=2×22×22+3=411．故选：B ．4．已知向量a →=(1，1)，b →=(1，−1)，则“(a →+λb →)⊥(a →+μb →)”是“λμ＝﹣1”的（ ）条件． A ．充要条件 B ．充分不必要 C ．必要不充分D ．既不充分也不必要解：由a →=(1，1)，b →=(1，−1)，可得a →+λb →=（1+λ，1﹣λ），a →+μb →=（1+μ，1﹣μ）， 若(a →+λb →)⊥(a →+μb →)，则有（a →+λb →）•（a →+μb →）＝0， 即（1+λ）（1+μ）+（1﹣λ）（1﹣μ）＝0，整理得λμ＝﹣1，反之，当λμ＝﹣1时，得a →+λb →=（1−1μ，1+1μ），a →+μb →=（1+μ，1﹣μ），此时有（a →+λb →）•（a →+μb →）＝（1−1μ）（1+μ）+（1+1μ）（1﹣μ）＝0， 故“(a →+λb →)⊥(a →+μb →)”是“λμ＝﹣1”的充要条件． 故选：A ．5．一个正四面体的棱长为2，则它的外接球与内切球体积之比为（ ） A ．3：1B ．√3：1C ．9：1D ．27：1解：正四面体P ﹣ABC 中，取BC 中点D ，连接AD ，则AD ⊥BC ， 过点P 作PE ⊥AD 于点E ，则PE ⊥平面ABC ，外接球球心O 在PE 上，连接OA ，则OA ＝OP ＝R ， 因为正四面体的棱长为2，所以BD =CD =1，AD =√AB 2−BD 2=√3，则AE =23AD =2√33，PE =√PA 2−AE 2=√4−43=2√63．OE =PE −PO =2√63−R ， 由勾股定理得OE 2+AE 2＝AO 2，即(2√63−R)2+(2√33)2=R 2，解得R =√62； 设内切球球心为O 1，则O 1在PE 上，过点O 1作O 1H ⊥PD 于点H ，则O 1E ＝O 1H ＝r ， 故PO 1=2√63−r ，PD =√3，DE =13AD =√33， 因为△PO 1H ∽△PDE ， 所以PO 1PD=O 1H ED，即2√63−r √3=√33，解得r =√66，故它的外接球与内切球半径之比为R ：r =√62：√66=3：1， 体积之比为27：1． 故选：D ．6．如图，△A 'O 'B '是水平放置的△AOB 的直观图，但部分图象被墨汁覆盖，已知O '为坐标原点，顶点A '、B '均在坐标轴上，且△AOB 的面积为9，则O 'B '的长度为（ ）A ．34B ．3√22C ．32D ．3√24解：因为△AOB 的面积为9， 所以它的直观图△A 'O 'B '的面积为9×12√2=92√2，即12×6×O ′B ′×sinπ4=2√2，解得O ′B ′=32．故选：C ．7．已知I 为△ABC 的内心，且满足4IA →+3IB →+3IC →=0→，若△ABC 内切圆半径为2，则其外接圆半径的大小为（ ） A ．92B ．3C ．94D ．4解：设BC 的中点为D ，由4IA →+3IB →+3IC →=0→，知4IA →=−3（IB →+IC →）＝﹣6ID →， 所以A ，I ，D 三点共线，又AI 为∠BAC 的平分线，所以△ABC 为等腰三角形，且AB ＝AC ， 所以ID 为内切圆的半径，即ID ＝2，所以IA ＝3，AD ＝5，设内切圆与AB 相交于点E ，则IE ＝ID ＝2，且IE ⊥AB ， 所以sin ∠BAD =IE IA =23，cos ∠BAD =√53，tan ∠BAD =5，所以sin ∠BAC ＝sin2∠BAD ＝2sin ∠BAD cos ∠BAD =4√59， 在Rt △ABD 中，BD ＝AD tan ∠BAD ＝2√5， 所以BC ＝2BD ＝4√5，在△ABC 中，由正弦定理知，2R =BC sin∠BAC =4√5459=9，所以△ABC 外接圆半径R =92． 故选：A ．8．已知一个长方体的封闭盒子，从同一顶点出发的三条棱长分别为3，4，5，盒内有一个半径为1的小球，若将盒子随意翻动，则小球达不到的空间的体积是（ ） A ．36−203πB ．32−223πC ．60﹣12πD ．60−403π解：在正方体的 8 个顶点处的立方体空间内，小球不能到达的空间为：8[13−18（43π×13]＝8−43π，除此之外，以正方体的12条棱边长为1的12个正四棱柱空间内小球不能到达的空间共 （1−π4）×（4×1+4×2+4×3）＝24﹣6π， 其它空间小球均能到达，故小球不能到达的空间体积为：8−43π+24﹣6π＝32−22π3． 故选：B ．二、多选择：本大题共4个小题，每小题5分，共20分.多选或不选得0分，漏选得2分. 9．已知A ，B 是相互独立事件，且P(A)=12，P(B)=12，下列说法正确的是（ ）A．A，B可能是互斥事件B．P(AB)=14C．P（A∪B）=34D．由于P（A）+P（B）＝1，则A，B可能是相互对立事件解：∵A，B是相互独立事件，且P(A)=12，P(B)=12，故P（AB）＝P（A）P（B）=14，故A错误；P（A B）＝P（A）•（1﹣P（B））=12×12=14，故B正确；P（A∪B）＝P（A）+P（B）﹣P（AB）=12+12−14=34，故C正确，D错误．故选：BC．10．△ABC中，角A，B，C所对的边为a，b，c，下列叙述正确的是（）A．若a cos B＝b cos A，则△ABC是等腰三角形B．若acosA =bcosB=ccosC，则△ABC一定是等边三角形C．若A＞B，则cos A＜cos BD．若2b≥a+c，则B∈(0，π3]解：对于A：因为a cos B＝b cos A，由正弦定理可得sin A cos B﹣sin B cos A＝0，即sin（A﹣B）＝0，在三角形中，可得A﹣B＝0，即A＝B，这时不知道C是否和A，B相等，所以△ABC不一定是等腰三角形，所以A不正确；B中，acosA =bcosB=ccosC，由正弦定理可得sinAcosA=sinBcosB=sinCcosC，整理可得sin A cos B﹣cos A sin B＝0，即sin （A﹣B）＝0，可得A＝B，同理可得A＝C，所以A＝B＝C，即△ABC为等边三角形，所以B正确；C中，π＞A＞B，所以y＝cos x为单调递减，所以cos A＜cos B，所以C正确；D中，因为2b≥a+c，两边平方可得4b2≥a2+c2+2ac，由余弦定理可得4b2＝4（a2+c2﹣2ac cos B），所以4（a2+c2﹣2ac cos B）≥a2+c2+2ac恒成立，整理可得cos B≤3(a2+c2)−2ac8ac恒成立，而3(a2+c2)−2ac8ac≥6ac−2ac8ac=12，所以cos B≤12，即B∈[π3，π），所以D不正确．故选：BC．11．若正四棱柱ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1的底面棱长为4，侧棱长为3，且M为棱AA1的靠近点A的三等分点，点P 在正方形ABCD 的边界及其内部运动，且满足MP 与底面ABCD 的所成角θ≥π4，则下列结论正确的是（ ）A ．点P 所在区域面积为π4B ．有且仅有一个点P 使得MP ⊥PC 1 C ．四面体P ﹣A 1CD 1的体积取值范围为[6，8] D ．线段|PC 1|长度最小值为√17解：A ．由线面角的定义可知，∠MP A ＝θ＝45°，即MA ＝AP ＝1，故点P 所在区域为以A 为圆心，1为半径的圆在正方形ABCD 内部部分（包含边界弧长）， 即圆的14，面积为14π×12=14π，A 正确；如图，设点P 的轨迹与AD ，AB 交于点E ，F ，B ．不妨点P 与点F 重合，此时PC 1=√FB 2+BC 2+C 1C 2=√34，由余弦定理得：cos ∠MFC 1=MF 2+C 1F 2−C 1M 22MF⋅C 1F =2+34−362×√2×√34=0，则∠MFC 1=π2，同理可得：∠MEC 1=π2，故不止一个点P 使得MP ⊥PC 1，B 错误； C ．如图，AA 1⊥平面ABCD ，BC ⊂平面ABCD ，所以AA 1⊥BC ，且AB ⊥BC ，AA 1∩AB ＝A ，AA 1，AB ⊂平面ABB 1A 1，所以BC ⊥平面ABB 1A 1， BC ⊂平面A 1CD 1，所以平面A 1CD 1⊥平面ABB 1A 1， 且平面A 1CD 1∩平面ABB 1A 1＝A 1B ，因为AE ∥A 1D 1，AE ⊄平面A 1CD 1，A 1D 1⊂平面A 1CD 1， 所以AE ∥平面A 1CD 1，所以点A ，E 到平面A 1CD 1的距离相等，如图，当点P 在点E 处时，此时点P 到平面A 1CD 1的距离最大，最大距离为AH =3×45=125， 此时四面体P ﹣A 1CD 1的体积为13S △A 1CD 1⋅AH =13×12×4×5×125=8，当P 与点F 重合时，此时点P 到平面A 1CD 1的距离最小，最小距离为FK ，因为△BFK ∽△BAH ，所以FK =34AH ，所以最小体积为34×8=6，故四面体P ﹣A 1CD 1的体积取值范围为[6，8]，C 正确；D ．当PC 取最小值时，线段|PC 1|长度最小，由三角形两边之和大于第三边知：当A ，P ，C 三点共线时，PC 取得最小值，即|PC|min =4√2−1， 则|PC 1|min =√(4√2−1)2+32=√42−8√2，D 错误． 故选：AC ．12．已知a ＞0，b ＞0，下列命题中正确的是（ ） A ．若ab ﹣a ﹣2b ＝0，则a +2b ≥8B ．若a +b ＝2，则ba +4b≥5C ．若a +b ＝1，则√2a +4+√b +1≤2√3D ．若1a+1+1b+2=13，则ab +a +b ≥14+6√6解：对于A ，因为a ＞0，b ＞0，ab ﹣a ﹣2b ＝0，所以ab ＝a +2b ，所以1=1b +2a， 所以a +2b ＝（a +2b ）（1b +2a ）＝4+ab +4ba ≥4+2√ab ⋅4ba =4+4＝8，当且仅当ab =4b a，即b ＝2，a ＝4时取“＝”，故A 正确；对于B ，若a +b ＝2，ba+4b=b a+2a+2b b=b a+2ab+2≥2√b a ⋅2ab +2＝2√2+2，当且仅当b a=2a b，即a ＝2√2−2，b ＝4﹣2√2时取“＝”，故B 错误；对于C ，由a +b ＝1，a ＞0，b ＞0，由柯西不等式得：（√2a +4+√b +1）2﹣（√a +2•√2+√b +1•1）2≤（a +2+b +1）（2+1）＝12， 所以√2a +4+√b +1≤2√3，当且仅当√a+2√2=√b+11，即a =23，b =13时取等号，故C 正确；对于D ，由1a+1+1b+2=13，得3（b +2）+3（a +1）＝（a +1）（b +2），化简得ab ＝a +2b +7，所以a =2b+7b−1， 因为a ＞0，b ＞0，所以b ＞1，所以ab +a +b =2a +3b +7=4b+14b−1+3b +7=3(b −1)+18b−1+14≥2√3(b −1)⋅18b−1+14=6√6+14， 当且仅当3(b −1)=18b−1，即b =√6+1时取等号， 所以ab +a +b ≥14+6√6，故D 正确． 故选：ACD ．三、填空题（本题4小题，每题5分，共20分）13．已知A （2，3），B （4，﹣3），点P 在线段AB 的延长线上，且|AP →|=43|PB →|，则点P 的坐标为 （10，﹣21） ．解：∵点P 在线段AB 的延长线上，且|AP →|=43|PB →|，∴AP →=43BP →，设P （x ，y ），且A （2，3），B （4，﹣3）， ∴（x ﹣2，y ﹣3）=43（x ﹣4，y +3）， ∴{x −2=43(x −4)y −3=43(y +3)，解得{x =10y =−21， ∴P （10，﹣21）． 故答案为：（10，﹣21）．14．函数f(x)=log 2(2sinx −√3)的单调增区间是 （π3+2kπ，π2+2kπ]，k ∈Z ．解：令t ＝2sin x −√3＞0，得sin x ＞√32，则π3+2kπ＜x ＜2π3+2kπ，k ∈Z ．函数t ＝2sin x −√3在（π3+2kπ，π2+2kπ]，k ∈Z 上为增函数，又f （x ）＝log 2t 是定义域内的增函数，∴函数f(x)=log 2(2sinx −√3)的单调增区间是（π3+2kπ，π2+2kπ]，k ∈Z ．故答案为：（π3+2kπ，π2+2kπ]，k ∈Z ．15．在直角△ABC 中，AB ＝AC ＝2，AC 上有一动点P （异于B ，C ），将△ABP 沿AP 折起，使得三棱锥A ﹣PBC 的顶点A 在底面PBC 上的投影M 恰好落在线段BC 上，则BM 长度的范围 （√2，2） ． 解：在Rt △ABC 中，AB ＝AC ＝2，BC =√22+22=2√2， 折叠后的图形如图所示，∵三棱锥的顶点A 在底面BCD 的射影M 在线段BC 上，∴AM ⊥BC ， ∴在Rt △AMB 中，BM ＜AB ＝2，在△ABC 折叠前，如图，作AM 1⊥BC 于点M 1，在折叠过程中，随着点D 不断靠近点C ，点M 也不断靠近点M 1， ∴BM ＞BM 1＝AB cos45°＝2×√22=√2， ∴BM ∈（√2，2），∴BM 长度的范围为（√2，2）． 故答案为：（√2，2）． 16．已知锐角△ABC 中，a 2−b 2c 2=2cosC ，则a2bcos 2B的取值范围 （1，43） ．解：锐角△ABC 中，a 2−b 2c 2=2cos C ，由正弦定理得sin 2A ﹣sin 2B ＝2sin C 2cos C ＝sin2C sin C ， 又因为sin 2A ﹣sin 2B ＝sin 2A ﹣sin 2A sin 2B ﹣sin 2B +sin 2A sin 2B ＝sin 2A （1﹣sin 2B ）﹣sin 2B （1﹣sin 2A ） ＝sin 2A cos 2B ﹣sin 2B cos 2A＝（sin A cos B +cos A sin B ）（sin A cos B ﹣cos A sin B ） ＝sin （A +B ）sin （A ﹣B ） ＝sin C sin （A ﹣B ）， 所以sin （A ﹣B ）＝sin2C ，当A ﹣B ＝2C 时，因为A +B +C ＝π，所以2A ＝π+C ，因为△ABC 是锐角三角形，所以A ＜π2，2A ＜π，所以A ﹣B ＝2C 不成立； 当2C +A ﹣B ＝π时，因为A +B +C ＝π，所以C ＝2B ， 因为△ABC 是锐角三角形，所以C ＝2B ＜π2，B +C ＝3B ＞π2， 所以π6＜B ＜π4，所以C ＝2B ∈（π3，π2），所以A ∈（π4，π2），由正弦定理得，a2bcos 2B=12•sinAsinBcos 2B=12•sin3B sinBcos 2B=12•sin(B+2B)sinBcos 2B=12•sinBcos2B+cosBsin2BsinBcos 2B=12•sinB(cos 2B−sin 2B)+2cos 2BsinB sinBcos 2B =12•3cos 2B−sin 2B cos 2B=12（3﹣tan 2B ），又因为tan B ∈（√33，1），所以tan 2B ∈（13，1），所以3﹣tan 2B ∈（2，83），所以a2bcos 2B的取值范围是（1，43）．故答案为：（1，43）．四、解答题（本题共6题，总分70分）17．（10分）如图，棱长为2的正方体ABCD ﹣A 1B 1C 1D 1中，E ，F 分别为棱AB ，BC 的中点． （1）求作过D 1，E ，F 三点的截面（写出作图过程）； （2）求截面图形的面积．解：（1）在正方体ABCD ﹣A 1B 1C 1D 1中，画直线EF 与DA ，DC 的延长线分别交于点M ，N ，连接D1M，D1N，分别与棱AA1，CC1交于点G，H，连接EG，FH，如图1，抹去MA，ME，MG和NC，NF，NH得过D1，E，F三点的正方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1的截面五边形D1GEFH，如图2，（2）在正方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中，AB＝2，E，F分别为棱AB，BC的中点，由（1）及图1知，ME=NF=EF=√2，即MN=3√2，AM=AE=1，则DM＝3，D1N=D1M=√DM2+DD12=√13，等腰△D1MN底边MN上的高ℎ=√D1M2−(12MN)2=√13−(322)2=√342，△D1MN的面积SΔD1MN =12MN⋅ℎ=12×3√2×√342=3√172，由AG∥DD1，得MGMD1=MAMD=13，即有MGMD1=13=MEMN，因此△MEG∽△MND1，于是S△MEG=19S△D1MN，同理S△NFH=19S△D1MN，所以截面五边形D1GEFH的面积S=S△D1MN −2S△NFH=79S△D1MN=7√176．18．（12分）某校为了解学生每日行走的步数，在全校3000名学生中随机抽取200名，给他们配发了计步手环，统计他们的日行步数，按步数分组，得到频率分布直方图如图所示．（1）求a 的值，并求出这200名学生日行步数的样本众数、中位数、平均数；（2）学校为了鼓励学生加强运动，决定对步数大于或等于13000步的学生加1分，计入期末三好学生评选的体育考核分，估计全校每天获得加分的人数．解：（1）2×（0.005+0.055+0.09+0.15+a +0.08+0.015+0.005）＝1， 解得a ＝0.1，这300名员工日行步数x 的样本众数为8+102=9，因为2×（0.005+0.055+0.09）＝0.3＜0.5，2×（0.005+0.055+0.09+0.15）＝0.6＞0.5， 所以中位数落在区间[8，10），设中位数为m ， 则0.3+（m ﹣8）×0.15＝0.5，解得m =283， 所以300名员工日行步数x 的样本中位数为283这300名员工日行步数x 的样本平均数为x =2×0.005×3+2×0.055×5+2×0.09×7+2×0.15×9+2×0.1×11+2×0.08×13+2×0.015×15+2×0.005×17＝9.44；（2）步数大于或等于13000步的频率为2×（0.015+0.005）+（14﹣13）×0.08＝0.12， 估计全校获得加分的人数为3000×0.12＝360人．19．（12分）设△ABC 的内角A 、B 、C 的对边长分别为a 、b 、c ，cos （A ﹣C ）+cos B ＝1，b 2＝ac ． （1）求B ；（2）若b ＝2，求△ABC 的周长．解：（1）由于cos （A ﹣C ）+cos B ＝1，整理得cos （A ﹣C ）﹣cos （A +C ）＝1，化简得：cos A cos C +sin A sin C ﹣cos A cos C +sin A sin C ＝1， 所以2sin A sin C ＝1，由于b 2＝ac ，利用正弦定理sin 2B ＝sin A sin C ，所以sin 2B =12，故sin B =√22； 故B =π4或3π4．（2）由（1）得：B =π4或3π4．①当B =π4时，据余弦定理b 2＝a 2+c 2﹣2ac cos B ，所以4=a 2+c 2−2ac ⋅√22， 整理得a 2+c 2−√2ac =4， 由于ac ＝b 2＝4，故(a +c)2=a 2+c 2+2ac =4+4√2+8=12+4√2， 所以a +c =√12+4√2．故a +b +c ＝2+√12+4√2．②当B =3π4时，据余弦定理b 2＝a 2+c 2﹣2ac cos B ，所以4=a 2+c 2+2ac ⋅√22， 整理得a 2+c 2+√2ac =4，所以a 2+c 2=4−4√2＜0（出现矛盾） 所以a +c =√12+4√2．故a +b +c ＝2+√12+4√2．20．（12分）甲、乙两名射击运动员进行射击比赛，每轮比赛甲、乙各射击一次，已知甲中靶的概率为34，乙中靶的概率为45，每轮比赛中甲、乙两人射击的结果互不影响，求下列事件的概率：（1）第一轮射击中恰好有一人中靶； （2）经过两轮射击，两人共中靶3次．解：（1）设“甲中靶”为事件A ，“乙中靶”为事件B ，所以第一轮射击中恰好有一人中靶的概率P 1＝P （A B ）+P （A B ）=34×15+14×45=720． （2）经过两轮射击，两人共中靶3次分两种情况：甲中靶2次，乙中靶1次；甲中靶1次，乙中靶2次，其中甲中靶2次，乙中靶1次的概率为34×34×45×15×2=72400，甲中靶1次，乙中靶2次的概率为34×14×2×45×45=96400，所以P 1=72400+96400=168400=2150． 21．（12分）如图，四棱锥S ﹣ABCD 的底面是正方形，SD ⊥平面ABCD ，SD ＝2a ，AD =√2a ，点E 是SD 上的点，且DE ＝λa （0＜λ≤2），（1）若λ＝1，求AC 和BE 所成角的余弦值；（2）设二面角C ﹣AE ﹣D 的大小为θ，直线BE 与平面SCD 所成的角为φ，求出tanφtanθ的最大值，并指出此时的λ取值解：（1）连接BD，因为SD⊥面ABCD，AC⊂面ABCD，所以AC⊥SD，因为底面ABCD是正方形，所以AC⊥BD，又SD∩BD＝D，所以AC⊥面SBD，又BE⊂面SBD，所以AC⊥BE，所以直线AC和直线BE所成的角为直角，其余弦值为0．（2）如图，连接BE，CE，AE，因为SD⊥面ABCD，BC⊂面ABCD，所以SD⊥BC，因为底面ABCD为正方形，所以BC⊥CD，又SD∩CD＝D，所以BC⊥面SCD，所以φ＝∠BEC，tanφ=BC CE，过点D作DF⊥AE交AE于F，连接AF，因为SD⊥面ABCD，CD⊂面ABCD，所以SD⊥CD，因为底面ABCD为正方形，所以CD⊥AD，又SD∩AD＝D，所以CD⊥面SAD，又AE ⊂面SAD ， 所以CD ⊥AE ，因为DF ⊥AE ，CD ∩DF ＝D ， 所以AE ⊥面CDF ， 又CF ⊂面CDF ， 所以AE ⊥CF ， 所以θ＝∠CFD ，tan θ=CD DF， 因为AD =√2a ，DE ＝λa ， 所以tanφtanθ=BC CE •DFCD =DFCE=AD⋅DE AEAE=AD⋅DE AE 2=AD⋅DEAD 2+DE 2=√2a⋅λa (√2a)2+(λa)2=√2λ2+λ2=√22λ+λ≤√222=12，当且仅当2λ=λ，即λ=√2时，取等号，所以tanφtanθ的最大值为12．22．（12分）已知函数f(x)=log 2(4x +1)+ax 是偶函数． （1）求实数a 的值； （2）若函数g （x ）＝22x +2﹣2x+m •2f（x ）的最小值为﹣3，求实数m 的值；（3）当k 为何值时，讨论关于x 的方程[f （x ）﹣1+k ][f （x ）﹣1﹣4k ]+2k 2+k ＝0的根的个数．（请写出详细解答过程）解：（1）f(−x)=log 2(4−x +1)−ax =f(x)=log 2(4x +1)+ax ⇒2ax +log 2(4x +1)−log 2(4−x +1)=0，而log 2(4x+1)−log 2(4−x+1)=log 24x +14−x +1=log 2(4x +1)⋅4x (4−x +1)⋅4x =log 2(4x +1)⋅4x4x+1=log 24x =2x ， ∴2ax +2x ＝0⇒a ＝﹣1； （2）f(x)=log 2(4x +1)−x ， ∴2f(x)=2log 2(4x +1)−x=4x+12x =2x +2−x ，故函数g （x ）＝22x +2﹣2x+m （2x +2﹣x ）的最小值为﹣3，令2x +2﹣x ＝t （t ≥2），故h （t ）＝t 2+mt ﹣2（t ≥2）的最小值为﹣3，等价于{−m2≤2ℎ(2)=2m +2=−3，或{−m2＞2ℎ(−m 2)=−m 24−2=−3， 解得m =−52；（3）由f(x)=log 2(4x+1)−x =log 24x+12x =log 2(2x +12x )，令φ(x)=2x +12x (x ≥0)，x 2＞x 1≥0， 有φ(x 2)−φ(x 1)=(2x 2+12x 2)−(2x 1+12x 1)=2x 2−2x 1+12x 2−12x 1=2x 2−2x 1+2x 1−2x22x 1+x 2=(2x 2−2x 1)(2x 1+x2−1)2x 1+x2． 由x 2＞x 1≥0，有2x 2−2x 1＞0，2x 1+x 2＞20=1，可得φ（x 2）＞φ（x 1），可知函数φ（x ）为增函数，故当x ≥0时，函数f （x ）单调递增， 由函数f （x ）为偶函数，可知函数f （x ）的增区间为[0，+∞），减区间为（﹣∞，0）， 令n ＝f （x ）﹣1，有n ≥f （0）﹣1＝log 22﹣1＝0，方程[f （x ）﹣1+k ][f （x ）﹣1﹣4k ]+2k 2+k ＝0（记为方程①）可化为（n +k ）（n ﹣4k ）+2k 2+k ＝0， 整理为n 2﹣3kn ﹣2k 2+k ＝0（记为方程②），Δ＝9k 2﹣4（﹣2k 2+k ）＝17k 2﹣4k ， ①当Δ＜0时，有0＜k ＜417，此时方程②无解，可得方程①无解； ②当Δ＝0时，k ＝0时，方程②的解为n ＝0，可得方程①仅有一个解为x ＝0； k =417时，方程②的解为n =617，可得方程①有两个解； ③当Δ＞0时，可得k ＞417或k ＜0， 1°当方程②有零根时，k =12，此时方程2还有一根为n =32，可得此时方程①有三个解；2°当方程②有两负根时，{x 1+x 2=3k ＜0x 1x 2=k −2k 2＞0，可得{k ＜00＜k ＜12，不可能；3°当方程②有两正根时，可得0＜k ＜12，又由Δ＞0，可得417＜k ＜12，此时方程①有1个根；4°当方程2有一正根一负根时，x 1x 2=k −2k 2＜0，可得k ＞12或k ＜0， 又由Δ＞0，可得k ＞12或k ＜0，此时方程①有两个根， 由上知：当k ＝0时，方程①有一个根；当0＜k＜417时，方程①没有根；当k=417或k＜0或k＞12时，方程①有两个根；当k=12时，方程①有三个根；当417＜k＜12时，方程①有四个根．第21页（共21页）。

湖北省武汉市武汉外国语学校2024-2025学年八年级上学期期中英语试题一、单项选择1．—Frank, do remember to take the report to the teacher’s office tomorrow morning.—Oh, I have almost forgotten, but ________.A．it’s my pleasure B．no problem C．no need D．never mind 2．—Jason, let’s take a break and have a cup of tea in the tearoom.—________? We have been working for hours.A．Pardon B．What for C．Why not D．How come 3．—Excuse me, may I use the Wi-Fi here?—________. Here is the key to it. You can stay here as long as you can.A．Never mind B．I’m afraid not C．That’s a deal D．Be my guest 4．—A boy with glasses at the railway station gave J.K Rowling the ________ for Harry Potter.—Oh, that’s interesting.A．tradition B．information C．inspiration D．condition5．—It seems that you appreciate Peter very much.—He used his great sense of humor to ________ my spirits.A．open B．lift C．increase D．rise6．—Many children and women were killed in the air attack and people had to leave their homes in the middle east.—What sad news! People there must have a ________ of a world with love and peace.A．perspective B．message C．vision D．tale7．—It’s said that the latest Yueju Opera, New Dragon Gate Inn, has been a real hit.—That’s true. It interests young people to have a ________ look at the traditional Chinese art form.A．careful B．fresh C．friendly D．quick8．—Do you know where the last two paintings went?—A billionaire bought ________ of them. He thought they were worth.A．either B．each C．none D．both9．— You’ve got it all wrong. We need to ________ a time to have a talk now!— What about tomorrow? I am too busy today.A．put up B．fix up C．use up D．look up10．The poem “Grown from the same trees, why boil us so hot?” tells us that ________.A．we can’t pollute by burning trees B．we need more trees to prevent the sun from boiling usC．as brothers, we shouldn’t hurt each other D．people like to hurt their neighbours when they grow up二、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

湖北省武汉市武汉外国语学校（武汉实验外国语学校）2021-2022学年八年级上学期期中英语试题（原卷版）一、单项选择(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。

1. —Shall I order a taxi for Jenny to get to the station?—________ I’ll drive her there.A. Go ahead!B. Don’t mention it.C. It’s my pleasure.D. It’s not necessary.2. —You know so much about physics, Harry!—Well, I want to be a scientist and I ________ lots of books about it in the past years.A. will readB. have readC. had readD. read3. ________ Toby ________ I had compared the prices of such kind of TV, so w e couldn’t make the decision and had to know more before making a deal.A. Either；orB. Both；andC. Neither；norD. Not only；but also4. —I think I’d better stay at home to finish the paper.—________ Everybody is going to the party and you should join us!A. Come on!B. Shall we?C. Good idea!D. I’m afraid not.5. —Who ________ this egg in the basket?—It’s me, Mom! A bird ________ in the hen’s nest and ________ a small egg yesterday!A. laid; lied; layB. lay; lied; laidC. lied; lay; laidD. laid; lay; laid6. Airbus 380 is the largest plane in the world and it needs a 3,600-meter-long airstrip (跑道) to________.A. shut offB. set offC. get offD. take off7. —I’m so worried about my parents! Can you help me?—I think you ________ ask the police for help.A. shouldB. needC. willD. would8. I wanted to buy the black wallpaper to ________ the so fa but my husband didn’t agree.A. suitB. matchC. fixD. fit9. —Mr. Green becomes so nice after his baby princess was born last month!—Yeah! Being a dad seems to ________ the caring side of him!A. bring outB. show aroundC. give inD. take up10. Because the paper-work is rather important, I ________ taking the forms away and then we can read them more carefully at home.A agree B. decide C. suggest D. would rather11. —________ you ________ any British food yet?—Yes. We ________ to a local restaurant in London to celebrate my birthday last month.A. Had; had; wentB. Have; had; have beenC. Have; had; wentD. Did; have; have been12. The bank usually ________ at 5 p.m., and it doesn’t have to stay ________ at weekends.A. closes; openedB. closes; openC. closed; openedD. closed; open13. —The doctor won’t take any advice during the operation (手术). He is ________!—I don’t agree. Maybe he is just too ________ of himself.A. impatient; honestB. hard-working; meanC. arrogant; confidentD. strong; modest14. —If you buy this phone online, you can have it at a ________ price.—Oh, really? I can’t wait to find out.A. much cheaperB. much higherC. more expensiveD. much lower15. We really need to have a discussion about ________.A. how to do itB. what about doing itC. what to deal with itD. how to do about it二、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

武汉外国语学校2018—2019学年度第一学期期中考试高一地理试题一、选择题。

1.距离地球最近的天体是（）A. 太阳B. 月球C. 金星D. 火星【答案】B【解析】离地球最近的天体是月球。

选择B项。

2.“天阶夜色凉如水，坐看牵牛织女星。

”诗中“牵牛织女星”所属天体类别是（）A. 恒星B. 行星C. 卫星D. 星云【答案】A【解析】【分析】本题考查学生基础知识掌握情况，涉及到的知识点主要是天体类别，需要结合基础知识分析答题。

【详解】材料中所述的为牛郎星和织女星，两星属于恒星，A正确其余选项错误。

3.金星，中国古称“太白金星”，早晨称为“启明星”，黄昏称为“长庚星”。

金星自转方向为自东向西。

在金星上看太阳是（）A. 西升东落B. 东升西落C. 直升直落D. 不见太阳【答案】A【解析】【分析】本题考查学生基础知识掌握情况，涉及到的知识点主要是地球自转的地理意义，需要结合基础知识分析答题。

【详解】材料中表面金星自传方向为自东向西，所以在金星上看太阳是西升东落，A正确其余选项错误。

德国科学家最新研究发现，太阳系附近有三颗“超级地球”有可能存在外星生命。

这三颗行星围绕天蝎座的一颗恒星运行，距离地球仅22光年。

完成下列各题。

4. “超级地球”应属于（）A. 河外星系B. 银河系C. 太阳系D. 地月系5. 有适合生命呼吸的大气是生命存在的重要条件之一。

“超级地球”上存在大气的主要原因是因为它A. 与恒星的距离适中B. 适中的自转周期C. 适中的质量与体积D. 适中的昼夜更替周期6. 液态水的存在是地球生命起源和发展的重要条件之一，下列叙述中与地球“液态水存在”有密切关系的是（）①地球上昼夜更替周期较适中②地球的质量和体积适中③地球处于一种比较安全的宇宙环境之中④地球与太阳的距离比较适中A. ①②B. ②③C. ①④D. ③④【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C【解析】【分析】本题组考查学生基础知识掌握情况，涉及到的知识点主要是天体系统，地球存在生命的条件分析，需要结合基础知识分析答题。

湖北省武汉外国语学校2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解At the start of the 20th century, an American engineer named John Elfreth Watkins made predictions about life today. His predictions about slowing population growth, mobile phones and increasing height were close to the mark. But he was wrong in one prediction: that everybody would walk 10 miles a day.Today, in Australia, most children on average fall 2, 000 steps short of the physical activity they need to avoid being overweight. In the early 1970s, 40 per cent of children walked to school, while in 2010, it was as low as 15 percent.The decline is not because we have all become lazy. Families are pressed for time, many with both parents working to pay for their house, often working hours not of their choosing, living in car-dependent neighborhoods with limited public transport.The other side of the coin is equally a deprivation: for health and well-being, as well as lost opportunities (机会) for children to get to know their local surroundings. And for parents there are lost opportunities to walk and talk with their young scholar about their day.Most parents will have eagerly asked their child about their day, only to meet with a “good”, quickly followed by “I’m hungry”. This is also my experience as a mother. But somewhere over the daily walk more about my son’s day comes out. I hear him making sense of friendship and its limits. This is the unexpected and rare parental opportunity to hear more.Many primary schools support walking school-bus routes (路线), with days of regular,parent-accompanied walks. Doing just one of these a few times a week is better than nothing. It can be tough to begin and takes a little planning-running shoes by the front door, lunches made the night before, umbrellas on rainy days and hats on hot ones-but it's certainly worth trying.1．Why does the author mention Watkins' predictions in the first paragraph?A．To make comparisons.B．To introduce the topic.C．To support her argument.D．To provide examples.2．What has caused the decrease in Australian children’s physical activity?A．Plain laziness.B．Health problems.C．Lack of time.D．Security concerns.3．Why does the author find walking with her son worthwhile?A．She can get relaxed after work.B．She can keep physically fit.C．She can help with her son's study.D．She can know her son better.There is an old Chinese proverb that states “One generation plants the trees; another gets the shade,” and this is how it should be with mothers and daughters. The relationship between a mother and a daughter is sometimes confusing. The relationship can be similar to friendship. However, the mother and daughter relationship has unique characteristics that distinguish it from a friendship. These characteristics include a hierarchy (等级) of responsibilities and unconditional love, which preclude mothers and daughters from being best friends.Marina, 27 years old, said, “I love spending time with my mom, but I wouldn’t consider her my best friend. Best friends don’t pay for your wedding. Best friends don’t remind you how they carried you in their body and gave you life! Best friend: don’t tell you how wise they are because they have been alive at least 20 years longer than you.” This doesn’t mean that the mother and daughter relationship can’t be very close and satisfying.While some adult relationships are still troubled, many find them to be extremely rewarding. This generation of mothers and adult daughters has a lot in common, which increases the likelihood of shared companionship. Mothers and daughters have always shared the common experience of being homemakers, responsible for maintaining and passing on family values and traditions. Today contemporary mothers and daughters also share the experience of the workforce and technology, which may bring them even closer together.Best friends may or may not continue to be best friends, but for better or worse, the mother and daughter relationship is permanent, even if for some unfortunate reason they aren’t speaking. The mother and child relationship is closer than any other. There is not an equal relationship. Daughters should not feel responsible for their mother’s emotional well-being. It isn’t that they don’t care deeply about their mothers. It’s just that they shouldn’t be burdened with their mother’s well-being.The mother and daughter relationship is a relationship that is not replaceable by any other. Mothers never stop being mothers, which includes frequently wanting to protect their daughters and often feeling responsible for their happiness. Mothers always “trump (胜过)” friends.4．What does the underlined word “preclude” in paragraph 1 probably mean?A．differ B．prevent C．benefit D．change 5．What do we know from the text?A．The mother and daughter relationship can be replaced by a best friend.B．A mother’s love brings her and her daughter a close friendship.C．The mother and daughter relationship goes beyond best friends’ friendship.D．Marina has a troubled relationship with her mother.6．How does the author mainly prove his statements?A．By listing data.B．By giving explanations.C．By quoting sayings.D．By giving examples.7．What is the best title for the text?A．How to Be a Good Mother and Daughter?B．Who Is a Mother’s Best Friend?C．Mothers or Friends?D．Can a Mother Be a Daughter’s Best Friend?Skin: The Body’s CanvasIf you could take off your skin and lay it flat, it would cover an area of about 1.9 square meters. Skin is, by far, the body’s largest organ. Covering almost the entire body, skin protects us from a variety of external forces. For example, it protects us from extremes of temperature, damaging sunlight, harmful chemicals, and dangerous infections. Skin is also packed with nerves, which keeps the brain in touch with the outside world. The health of our skin and its ability to perform its protective functions are crucial to our well-being. However, the appearance of our skin is equally - if not more - important to many people on this planet.Take skin color, for example. Your genes determine your skin’s color, but for centuries, humans have tried to lighten or darken their skin in an attempt to be more attractive. In the 1800s, white skin was desirable for many Europeans. Skin this color meant that its owner was a member of the upper class and did not have to work in the sun. Among darker-skinned people in some parts of the world, products used to lighten skin are still popular today. During the 20th century, attitudes toward light skin shifted in the opposite direction in other cultures, as cities grew and work moved indoors. Tanned skin began to indicate leisure time and health. In many places today, tanning on the beach or in a salon remains popular, even though people are more aware of the dangers of UV rays.Identity and StatusJust as people have altered their skin’s color to denote wealth and beauty, so too have cultures around the globe marked their skin to indicate cultural identity or community status. Tattooing, for example, has been carried out for thousands of years. Leaders in places including ancient Egypt, Britain, and Peru wore tattoos to mark their status, or their bravery. Today, among the Maori people of New Zealand as well as in cultures in Samoa, Tahiti, and Borneo, full-facial tattoos are still used to identify the wearer as a member of a certain family. These tattoos can also symbolize the person’s achievements in life.In Japan, tattooing has been practiced for thousands of years, but was outlawed in the 19th century. Although there are no laws against it today, tattoos are still strongly associated with criminals -particularly the yakuza, or the Japanese mafia, who are known for their full-body tattoos. The complex design of a yakuza member’s tattoo usually includes symbols of character traits that the wearer wants to have. The process of getting a full-body tattoo is both slow and painful and can take two years or more to complete.In some cultures, scarring -a marking caused by cutting or burning the skin -is practiced, usually among people who have darker skin on which a tattoo would be difficult to see. For many men in West Africa, for instance, scarring is a rite of passage -an act that symbolizes that a male has matured from a child into an adult. In Australia, among some native peoples, cuts are made on the skin of both men and women when they reach age 16 or 17. Without these, they were traditionally not permitted to trade, sing ceremonial songs, or participate in other activities.Not all skin markings are permanent, though. In countries such as Morocco and India, women decorate their skin with colorful henna designs for celebrations such as weddings and important religious holidays. The henna coloring, which comes from a plant, fades and disappears over time.In recent years in many industrialized nations, tattooing, henna(散沫花染料) body art, and, to a lesser degree, scarring have been gaining in popularity. What makes these practices appealing to those living in modern cities? According to photographer Chris Rainier, whose book Ancient Marks examines body markings around the globe, people are looking for a connection with the traditional world. “There is a whole sector of modern society - people in search of identity, people in search of meaning,” says Rainier. “Hence, there has been a huge explosion of tattooing and body marking.” Rainier reasons that it’s “mankind wanting identity,wanting a sense of place and a sense of culture within their community.”8．What is the main idea of paragraph1 ?A．Skin covers about 20 square feet.B．Skin can be damaged by sunlight’s ultraviolet rays.C．Skin is a very important part of the body.D．Skin contains many nerve cells.9．What is the purpose of paragraph 2?A．To tell why skin color was socially important in the 1800sB．To explain changing attitudes towards skin colorC．To make the connection between dark skin and working outdoorsD．To explain why indoor tanning salons are popular10．In paragraph 5, what is a rite of passage?A．a ceremony when children get tattoosB．a time when women sing ceremonial songsC．a special holiday on the full moonD．an event marking an important transition in life11．Which statement would Chris Rainier mostly likely agree with?A．People who get tattoos are seeking identity and tradition.B．Employers are not supportive of workers with body art.C．People looking for identity should wear ethnic clothing.D．In industrialized nations, fewer people have body markingsThe World’s Favorite DrugIt’s 1:45 a.m., and 21-year-old Thomas Murphy is burning the midnight oil, studying for an important engineering exam he has at 2:00 in the afternoon later today. To stay awake and alert, he’s had two cups of coffee in the last three hours and is now downing a popular energy drink —one that has two to three times the amount of caffeine as a similar sized can of soda. Many students like Murphy, as well as marathon runners, airline pilots, and long-distance travelers, owe their energy to one of humankind’s oldest stimulants(刺激物): caffeine.The power to counter physical fatigue and increase alertness is part of the reason caffeine ranks as the world’s most popular mood-altering drug. It is found not only in sodas, energy drinks, coffee, and tea, but in diet pills, pain relievers (like aspirin), and chocolate bars.Many societies around the world have also created entire rituals around the use of caffeine. For example, there’s the cafe culture of France, the tea ceremony in Japan, and the morning cup of coffee or tea that marks the start of the day in many cultures.Caffeine is present in many of the foods and drinks we consume, but is it good for us? Charles Czeisler, a scientist and sleep expert at Harvard Medical School, believes that caffeine causes us to lose sleep, which he says is unhealthy. “Without adequate sleep—the typical eight hours—the human body will not function at its best, physically, mentally, or emotionally.” Too often, Czeisler says, we consume caffeine to stay awake, which later makes it impossible for us to get the rest we need.Health risks have also been tied to caffeine consumption. Over the years, studies have attributed higher rates of certain types of cancer and bone disease to caffeine consumption. To date, however, there is no proof that caffeine actually causes these diseases.A number of scientists, including Roland Griffiths—a professor at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in the United States—believe that regular caffeine use causes physical dependence. Heavy caffeine users, Griffiths says, exhibit similar behaviors. For example, their moods fluctuate from high to low, they get mild to severe headaches, or they feel tired or sad when they can’t have a caffeinated drink. To minimize or stop these feelings, users must consume caffeine - a behavior Griffiths says is characteristic of drug addiction.Despite these concerns, the general opinion in the scientific community is that caffeine is not dangerous when consumed in moderation. This means having one or two small cups of coffee (about 300 milligrams of caffeine) per day, for example. Furthermore, a lot of current research contradicts long-held negative beliefs about caffeine, and suggests that it may, in fact, have health benefits. For instance, studies have shown that caffeine can help ease muscle pain. Because it is a stimulant, caffeine can also help improve one’s mood. Research has also shown that some caffeinated drinks—specifically certain teas—have disease-fighting chemicals that can help the body fight a number of illnesses, including certain types of cancer.In addition, as a type of mental stimulant, caffeine increases alertness, memory, and reaction speed. Because it fights fatigue, it facilitates performance on tasks like driving, flying, and solving simple math problems. And while it is true that caffeine can increase blood pressure, the effect is usually temporary and therefore not likely to cause heart trouble. This is especially true if caffeine is consumed in moderation. Moreover, despite its nearlyuniversal use, caffeine has rarely been abused. “With caffeine, overuse tends to stop itself,” says Jack Bergman, a specialist at Harvard Medical School. If you consume too much, “you get ... uncomfortable, and you don’t want to continue.”Caffeine’s behavioral effects are real, but most often mild. Getting that burst of energy, of course, is why many of the world’s most popular drinks contain caffeine. Whether it’s a student drinking coffee before class or a businessperson enjoying tea with lunch, humankind’s favorite stimulant is at work everyday all over the world.12．What is the main idea of paragraph 1?A．Engineering students must study all night before their exams.B．Caffeine is a stimulant that helps people be alert and energetic.C．Energy drinks give marathon runners an advantage in races.D．Airline pilots drink a lot of coffee to stay awake on long flights.13．What is the purpose of paragraph 5?A．to describe mood fluctuationsB．to explain people’s feelings when they can’t have caffeineC．to present results of recent medical researchD．to claim that caffeine is addictive14．In the third sentence of paragraph 6, what does it refer to?A．muscle painB．stimulantsC．caffeineD．general opinion15．According to the passage, which is the best summary of the general medical opinion about caffeine and health?A．Certain teas may protect a person from cancer.B．If consumed in moderation, caffeine is not dangerous.C．Caffeine in pain pills can relieve sore muscles.D．People who drink a lot of coffee tend to have mood swings.二、七选五Nothing stays the same for long: things and people change.I grew up on a small farm, where a flock of sheep wandered around the surrounding mountains. My father was not highly educated, but he was smart. He was a man made of leather and chewing tobacco who rarely tried to talk with my brother or me. He was quiet and distant, I might say. 16One day I came home and his car was already there. 17 In fact, when he came home, he went to the barn (谷仓) to labour even more. I still remember hiding around the corner and stealing a look at my father lying bitterly on the bed that day. Multiple myeloma, I learned, is a type of blood cancer. 18 For the last year of my father’s life, his entire day consisted of rising from his bed and walking to his chair to sit and think alone.He was predictably in that chair on his own when I came in. 19 He told me about his life, his heartbreaks and his loves. It was as if a pipe had burst, his inner self rushing out to me in a great flood. He had been speaking for maybe an hour or more when I realized that he was doing more than telling. He was asking to be understood in a way that he had never done before.20 I realize, though, that if he hadn’t, I might never have come to know him and love him.A．My father never missed work.B．I did not like him very much.C．He was skillful at any farm work.D．He became better after some special treatment.E．I’m certainly not glad that my father got sick.F．As the disease develops, the person who has it shrinks.G．What followed still moves me these decades later三、完形填空schools.When he was called up for 25 , “my first thought was, what about my kids?” says Kohut. “The last thing these students need is a 26 in their teaching.”When on duty, Kohut’s days began in the morning with teaching his elementary class remotely, 27 the lesson mere minutes before his Guard shift started at 10 am. Later in the day, during his break, he would go 28 to teach his middle school students from the back of a Humvee.Music has always been a driving force in Kohut’s life. He was a(n) 29 saxophone player throughout high school, studied music in college, and ultimately earned his doctorate in music composition.“What I really wanted was to 30 .” Says Kohut. “My mom, a single mother, was a music teacher. She was such a good role model.”Kohut’s 31 duty has caught the attention of parents at Canterbury Woods Elementary.“I just wanted to share how 32 I am with Dr. Kohut this week,” Susi Brittain wrote in an e-mail to Leipzig. “what he did seems so 33 the expectations of a teacher in these circumstances.”Kohut insists he is not doing anything extraordinary. But during the long and sometimes stressful hours of standing guard, Kohut said his teaching time offers 34 .“It brings about unity and 35 ,” he says. “And that’s what the world needs right now.”21．A．napping B．talking C．eating D．cooking 22．A．front B．seat C．back D．end 23．A．what B．how C．when D．where 24．A．taught B．learned C．played D．exercised 25．A．rights B．obligation C．army D．duty 26．A．disruption B．burden C．disturbance D．turbulence 27．A．interrupting B．finishing C．starting D．inserting 28．A．inside B．outside C．online D．offline 29．A．enthusiastic B．basic C．standard D．usual 30．A．study B．teach C．show D．perform 31．A．daily B．common C．double D．single32．A．interested B．connected C．concerned D．impressed 33．A．beyond B．within C．against D．below 34．A．gratitude B．money C．comfort D．ease 35．A．appreciation B．peace C．music D．teamwork四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

湖北省武汉市外国语学校2013-2014学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Where will the woman go first?A.To the beach.B.To the bank.C.To the bathroom.2.What does the woman mean?A.The man forgot to do his hair.B.The man forgot to put on a tie.C.The man is wearing clothes that don‟t match.3.How does the woman probably feel?A.Annoyed and unconcerned.B.Hungry and impatient.C.Surprised and excited.4.Why was the woman worried?A.The man lost his phone.B.The man would be back very late.C.The man didn‟t answer the phone.5.Who did the woman want to call?A.JamesB.DrakeC.Daniel.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话或独白后，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

武汉外国语学校2024-2025学年度上学期期中考试初中一年级英语试卷试卷满分：120分考试时间：120分钟Part One一、听力测试(共三节)第一节(共4个小题，每小题1分，满分4分听下面4个问题，每个问题后有三个答语，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每个问题后，你都有5秒钟的时间来作答和阅读下一小题。

每个问题仅读一遍。

1. A. Parrot. B. Apple. C. Carrot.2. A. The UK. B. Mr Smith. C. Guitar.3. A. With my sister. B. To the East Lake. C. I’m OK.4. A. At 7 o’clock. B. By bus. C. Five days a week.第二节(共8个小题，每小题1分，满分8分)听下面8段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来作答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。

5. Where are the speakers probablyA. At McDonald’s.B. In a bookstore.C. In a fruit shop.6. Which day is the boy’s favouriteA. Thursday.B. Tuesday.C. Sunday.7. What does the boy want to makeA. Beijing Roast Duck.B. Mapo Tofu.C. A sandwich.8. What is Billy likeA. Outgoing.B. Quiet.C. Friendly.9. What color is the woman’s dressA. Red.B. Black.C. Grey.10. Which places does the man’s sister like to visitA. The beaches.B. The mountains.C. The forests.11. What does the woman meanA. They don’t have much time or money now.B. She loves the life now because it is better.C. She thinks there is more pollution now.. 12. What is Peter doing on the phoneA. Calling his mother to buy some clothes.B. Shopping online to buy a new dress.C. Chatting with his friends about a party.第三节(共13 小题，每小题1分，满分13分)听下面4段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。