读写任务写作专题（4）——记叙文的summary
①要素串联法（记叙文）
记叙文主要是记叙所发生的事情和经历。常见的形式有：故事、日记、新闻报道、游记等。记叙文通常要交待清楚五要素的内容，即where, when, what, who, how, 给读者一个内容完整、细节清晰的故事。事情的叙述通常按时间的顺序叙述，让读者易于把握所叙述内容之间的内在关联，我们必须抓住记叙文的写作特点或思路，从而更好地理解文章主题，概括出比较中肯的短文中心大意。
1、故事大意一两句，（故事的寓意一句）。
* 寓言式的故事 要写启示
* 纯记叙文（指不是要刻意说明一个道理的文章），则不需点明启示。
2、（在草稿纸）提炼出以下内容：
who
what happened (how / why)
result
(when, where) 要不要写视具体文章而定，由时间地点在故事中的重要性来决定
(moral) （见第1点）
3、然后用自己的语言把这些内容连接起来。
Summary 举例：(华南师大附中2011届高三综合测试)
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
A long time ago, there was a huge apple tree. A little boy loved to come and lay around it every day. They loved to play together.
As time went by, the boy had grown up and no longer played around it. One day, he came back and the tree excitedly invited him to play. But the boy said he needed money to buy toys. “Sorry, but I have no money…but you can pick all my apples and sell them，”said the tree. The boy did as told and left happily but never came back. The tree was sad.
Many years passed, the boy returned and told him he had to build a house for his family. The tree happily offered his branches for his house. With the branches, the boy left, satisfied. The tree was again lonely and sad.
Then one hot summer day, the tree was delighted to see the boy back again. “Come and play with me！”The tree said. “I am sad and getting old. I want to go sailing to relax myself. Can you give me a boat？”“Use my trunk to build your boat.”The boy cut the tree trunk and went sailing but never showed up for a long time. The tree was happy, but it was not true.
Finally, the boy returned after he left for so many years. “Sorry, my boy, but I don't have anything for you any more. No more apples for you.” The tree said with tears.
The boy replied that he was too old and needed nothing. “Good! Old t ree root is the best place to lean on and rest. Come. Come here, please sit down with me and rest.” The boy sat down and the tree was glad and smiled with tears.
【写作内容】以约30个词概括这则寓言里树的行为与品质。
To satisfy a boy's needs, an old apple tree gave the boy his apples, branches and trunk until he had nothing left but the root. For the one he cares, he is willing to give whatever he has. (38W)
【思路点拨】
这是一篇寓言故事，通过讲述一个小故事来揭示道理。老苹果树的无私给予和不求回报教会了人们爱的伟大。故事的来龙去脉和结尾阐明的道理同样重要。首先把握记叙部分，整理出表格内的几个要素，便可概括故事情节；然后根据故事提炼出点明的道理。
班别_____________ 姓名：____________ 学号：________
实战演练(一)：
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Some years ago, leaving the farm to work in the city, three brothers were employed by the same company and on the same pay. But three years later, they received different wages. So their father was confused and decided to pay a visit to the boss, who told him that he would let his sons explain for themselves.
The three brothers were asked by the supervisor to go to the airport to get a cargo inventory at different times. Jim, who received 500 dollars a months, got the information on the phone instead of going to the airport himself. Frank, the 1000 dollars a month brother with a list of more cargoes. George, the 1500 dollars a month brother came back with detailed information and also did something extra without being told.
以约30个词概括这篇文章
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________
