现在完成时态课件(共68张PPT)

注3)：短暂性动词不能和for或since引 导的时间状语连用，也不能用于 how long问句中。 （误）I have left for 5 years. (正)I have been away for 5 years.
短暂性(短动词)动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是 他可以转换成相应的延续性(长动词)动词.
ever
never since so far
already
up to now
in the past 10 years
have taken place in Great changes _________________
Beijing in the past 10 years. (take place )
现在完成时
The Present Perfect Tense
一 构成:
have/has+动词过去分词 (pp)
肯定 主语+have/has + pp 否定 主语+have/has not + pp 疑问 Have/Has + 主语+ pp+其他 Yes, 主+have/has. No, 主+haven’t/hasn’t.
动词过去分词 (pp)变化规则
1. 规则动词：与过去时变化相同。 (1) 一般+-ed work---worked---worked (2) 以“ e ”结尾, + - d 。 live---lived ---lived (3) “辅音字母 + y” 结尾，y 变 i, + -ed。 cry---cried---cried (4) 重读闭音节结尾(辅元辅)，双写后+-ed 。 drop---dropped--dropped 2 、不规则动词，见不规则表（p120）
（2）since + (过去的)时间点
I have been here since 2000. He has worked as a lawyer since 5 years ago? They’ve lived in CQ since they married in 2000.
注 1) ： since 也可单独使用 , 表示 “自那时起”；另外since前也可加 上ever，以加强语气。 I have been here (ever) since then.
否定句:句末 “还(没)” I haven’t had breakfast yet.
疑问句: 句末 “己经” Have you had breakfast yet?
注意：当在肯定句中含already或 just，变否定时，在句末加yet。
●
I have already seen the film. I haven’t seen the film yet.
Have you _______ visited the Forbidden City _______
(紫禁城) before ? (visit )
Key words
yet for just before
ever
never since
already
He has ____ already found ______ a job. (find)
• Have you met him before? • 你以前见过他吗？ • My brother met her in the street two days ago. • 我哥哥两天前在街上遇到了她。 • I have just had breakfast. • 我刚吃过早餐。 • She had breakfast just now. • 她刚吃了早餐。
ever since then. (live )
Key words
yet for just before
ever
never since so far
already
up to now in his life
in the past 10 years lately recently
ever sinceห้องสมุดไป่ตู้then
Key words
yet for just before
ever
never since so far
already
up to now in his life
in the past 10 years
has done a lot of good things He __________
in his life. (do )
I have finished my homework. I have not finished my homework. Have you finished your homework? Yes, I have./No, I haven’t. She has been to Europe. She hasn’t been to Europe. Has she been to Europe? Yes, she has./No, she hasn’t.
② before与ago，just与just now
before表示现在看来的“以前”，常 单独用于现在完成时中，一般不与表示 一段时间的词语连用，而ago表示在过去 某时间的“以前”，常用“一段时间 +ago”的形式，与过去时连用；just常与 现在完成时连用，多用于句中助动词之 后修饰谓语动词，just now多与一般过去 时连用，一般用于句末。如：
(4) never 否定句: 句中 “从来没有” I’ve never been to Beijing.
注: 带ever的肯定句变否定句时, 将 ever变never
He has ever made meal. He has never made meal.
带ever的一般疑问句作否定回答时 可用“No, never.”
left school ten years ago. (work )
Key words
yet for
ever
never since
have you ________ taught in this A: How long ______ school? (teach )
B: For 6 years.
Key words
Key words
yet for just before
ever
never since so far
already
have only ____________ discussed the first We _______
five questions so far. (discuss )
Key words
B: Yes, I have.
Key words
yet
ever
never
have never ______ heard of anything like I ______ that. (hear )
Key words
yet
ever
never since
worked in the factory since he Tom has ___________
二 含义及用法
1 表示过去发生的动作或事情， 对现在的影响和产生的结果。
常用的关键词
yet(否/疑), already 已经 ever/never 曾经/从来不 just 刚刚 before 以前 recently, lately 最近 in the past/last 5 years 过去五年 by now, so far, up to now, till now 迄今 once, twice… 一次… all/in one’s life 某人一生
(not hear from )
Key words
yet for just before
ever
never since so far
already
up to now in his life
in the past 10 years lately recently
ever since then
has lived in this city He ___________
Key words
yet
Has your brother _________ bought A: ______ a new watch? (buy )
B: Not yet.
Key words
yet
ever
Have you ever _______ been to the A: _______ park? ( be )
Have they ever travelled by train? No, never.
(5) just
用于句中, 表示“刚刚” I’ve just had breakfast. What have they just done?
(6) before 用于句末, 表示“以前” I’ve seen it before. Has she ridden a bike before ?
※短暂性动词与 延续动词间的转 换
（1）already
肯定句: “己经”
I’ve already had breakfast. (更常见) = I’ve had breakfast already.
Have you had breakfast already？ (表示强调)
一般疑问句: 句末(表示惊讶的语气) “难道”
(2) yet
Key words
yet for just before
ever
never since so far
already
up to now in his life
in the past 10 years lately
haven’t seen her lately. ( not see ) I ____________
Key words
yet for just before
ever
never since so far
already
up to now in his life
in the past 10 years lately recently
haven’t heard from him recently. I _________________
yet for just before
ever
never since so far
already
up to now
have planted They ______________over 20,000 fruit
trees up to now . (plant )
Key words
yet for just before
●
Mother has just cleaned the house. Mother hasn’t cleaned the house yet.
(3) ever 肯定句/疑问句 : 句中 “曾经”
I’ve ever been to Beijing. Have you ever been to Beijing?
注 2) ：对 for 或 since 引导的时间 状语提问用how long I have lived here for 10 years. How long have you lived here?
She has stood here since 2 hour ago. How long has she stood here?
yet for just
ever
never since
have I ______
mended the desk, you just ________
can take it to your classroom . (mend )
Key words
yet for just before
ever
never since
till now
has taught in this high He ___________
school till now. (teach )
2. 表示一个从过去开始，一直持 续到现在的动作或状态。 通常和for或since引导的时间状语 连用。注意：动词延续性
（1）for + 一段时间 I have been here for 5 weeks. He’s studied English for 3 years. She has worked for 10 hours.