西安石油大学大学生创新创业训练计划
项目研究报告
项目名称：便携式数字化油管检测仪的研制
项目级别：国家级
项目负责人：康佳乐
所在院（部、系）：电子工程学院＿＿＿
指导教师：高国旺
摘要
油管缺陷的无损检测对保证采油作业的安全有着十分重要的意义，同时，油管也是昂贵物，通过对油管无损检测和量化分析可以为采油安全和油管的再使用提供依据。而当前的油管缺陷检测现状是多将油管运送到采油厂，利用油管探伤仪对油管缺陷进行检测，耗费大量的时间和精力，影响正常的作业。因此，在油井作业起油管过程中实时检测油管缺陷，在提高生产效率，保证采油安全方面有着重要意义。
本文在研究国内外油管检测现状及相关文献的基础上，经过认真的调研和理论分析，提出了利用漏磁检测技术实现油管井口缺陷检测。针对井口的作业环境，分析了漏磁检测的油管缺陷检测系统可行性，研究了油管缺陷井口检测系统，整个系统包括漏磁检测的传感器、信号采集、信号处理软件等。传感器采用了励磁激励和漏磁检测传感器一体化的结构，可实现油管内外缺陷信号的检测。借助计算机软硬件技术，开发的油管在线检测与数据分析系统。基于LabVIEW软件环境的信号在线检测和数据分析系统软件实现数据采集、存储与实时声光报警等功能。在硬件上使用USB接口技术实现信号数据的高速采集与即插即用功能，提高探伤检测准确率和效率，同时完成缺陷的分析。构建的室内油管检测系统，经过室内的模拟测试，系统能够准确的识别出油管的腐蚀和孔洞。
关键词：油管；漏磁场；无损检测；霍尔传感器；LabVIEW软件
ABSTRACT
Nondestructive testing of oil-well tubing is of vital significance to the safety of oil extraction. At the same time, oil-well tubing is very expensive, while a guarantee could be provided to the safety of
oil-extraction and the reusing of oil-well tubing by a method of nondestructive testing and quantificational analysis to the defect. And the current status of oil tubing defects diction is that the oil-well tubing would be transported to the specially detection center, there oil-well tubing detector will be used to test the tubing defects that spend a lot of time and energy, affect the normal operation in the oil field. Therefore, during the oil-well tubing is been pulled, the tubing defects is tested, the method can improve the efficiency of oil-well production and guarantee the production safety of great significance.
Based on the investigating actuality and the correlated literature of the test ing oil well tubing’s detection, the author put forward to the method of wellhead tubing defects detection based on magnetic flux leakage detecting technology. Depend on work environment of wellhead, the method of magnetic flux leakage testing is feasibility in using tubing defect detection on wellhead. The system for detecting tubing defects is studied, and the whole system is composed of magnetic flux leakage testing sensor, signal acquisition and signal processing software, etc. The sensor has integration structure that include the magnetic excitation and magnetic flux leakage detection sensor, which can realize the defect signal detection for the inside and outside of oil-well tubing. With the aid of computer software and hardware technology, the on-line detection and data analysis system of oil-well tubing is developed. The software is designed based on the LabVIEW software environment to realize data acquisition, storage and real-time sound and light alarm, and other functions. USB interface is used to realize high speed signal data acquisition and the function of plug and play, improve the accuracy and efficiency of detection system, and complete the analysis of the oil-well tubing defects. The indoor detection platform is built, and the simulation testing was completed, the result of testing shows that the system can identify accurately corrosion and holes of the tubing. Keywords: Oil-well tubing, Field of magnetic flux leakage,Nondestructive te sting, Hall sensor; LabVIEW software.
