形容词和副词复习学案1
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形容词和副词复习学案1月日第周星期审核【知识要点】
(一)、形容词的用法:
形容词是指用来修饰、说明名词或不定代词,表示人或物的性质、特征和状态。一般放在它所修饰的名词前作定语,也可独立作表语或宾语补足语等。
i. 作定语: This is an interesting story. Kitty is a clever cat.
ii. 作表语:Yao Ming is very tall. Our classroom is big and bright.
iii. 作宾语补足语:Don't make your hands dirty. We're trying to make our school beautiful.
注意:
a. 有些形容词只能作表语。如:alone, afraid, asleep等。
如: That old man feels alone because his children are out. I'm afraid he can't come.
b. 形容词与不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything等连用时,要放在这些词后面。如: There is something wrong with my DVD machine. It's nothing serious.
c. 某些形容词可以和定冠词连用,表示一类人或事物,其作用相当于一个名词。
如: the young(年轻人),the poor(穷人), the rich(富人)
d. 如果有两个以上的形容词修饰同一个名词时,其前后排列顺序一般如下:
限定词(a/the, this/some/her……)+数量词(先序数词后基数词)+观点+大小+形状+新旧+颜色+产地+材料+名词。如:a big old German computer
(二)、形容词常用句型
1.“It’s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。
注意:这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词,如good(好的),kind(友善的),nice(友好的),polite(有礼貌的),clever(聪明的),foolish(愚蠢的),lazy(懒惰的),careful(细心的),careless(粗心的),right(正确的),wrong(错误的)等。
例如,It’s very kind of you to help me.(=You are very kind to help me.)
It’s foolish of him to go al one.(=He is foolish to go alone.) 2.“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。
注意:这一句型中常用的形容词有important(重要的),necessary(必要的),difficult(困难的),easy(容易的),hard(艰难的),dangerous(危险的),safe(安全的),useful(有益的),pleasant(舒适的),interesting(有趣的),impossible(不可能的)等。
例如,It’s not easy for them to learn a foreign language.(=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.)对于他们来说学好一门外语不容易。
(三)、副词的用法:
1、副词的分类:副词按词汇意义可分为:
方式副词:well,fast,slowly,carefully,quickly
程度副词:very,much,enough,almost,rather,quite
地点副词:here,there,out,somewhere,abroad,home,
时间副词:today,early,soon,now,then,recently,still
频度副词:always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never
否定副词:no,not,neither,nor,
疑问副词:where,how,why
其他:also,too,only
2、副词的基本用法:
副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子,有时也能修饰名词,表示时间、地点、方式、程度、动作、频度等,在句中主要用作状语。
We should listen to our teachers carefully.我们应该认真听老师讲课。
He is very happy today.他今天非常高兴。
3. 副词的位置
1). 副词修饰动词时,通常可以放在句首、句中或句末。如:
Usually I do my homework in the evening. (句首) 通常我晚上做家庭作业。
I often get up at six. (句中) 我常在6点起床。
Please speak slowly. (句末) 请慢慢说。
2). 副词修饰形容词或副词时,通常放在形容词或副词的前面如:
These flowers are quite beautiful. He works very hard.
▲但也有例外,如:She is old enough to go to school. (在形容词后)
3). 按一般规则, 既有地点状语又有时间状语时,地点状语应放在时间状语之前。如:We had a meeting in the classroom yesterday afternoon. 我们昨天下午在教室开了一个会。
(四)、形容词与副词的相互转变:
a. 在形容词词尾直接加-ly,构成副词。如: usual-usually, bad-badly等。
[注]:不是所有以-ly结尾的单词都是副词,某些名词后加-ly可以转化为形容词。
如:sisterly, brotherly, friendly, comradely, lovely等。
b. 以"辅音字母+y"结尾的单词,变y为i,再加-ly,如:heavy-heavily, happy-happily等,并且要注意这些单词的变化:polite-politely, true-truly, terrible-terribly等。
【基础练习】
(一)用所给词的正确形式填空
1. The Greens are (happy) to live in this __(noise) street. They have decided to move to another place.
2. The panda has been ______ (die) for about two months.
3. I like her dress. It looks very ______ (beauty).
4. Don’t feel _ (worry) about your child. The whole class would be _____ (friend) to the new classmate.
5. The ______ (finally) exams usually take place at the end of June.
6. It’s _____ (possible) for an ordinary plane to fly to the moon.
7. It’s a _____ (please) trip for all of us.
8. The children in China are living a _____ (color) life.
9. It was an _____ (amaze) match. It amazed us.
10.He felt very ___ (sleep) and fell _ (sleep) soon when he lay in bed.
11.We all had a very _____ (enjoy) time at the party.
(二)选择最佳答案
( )1. These oranges taste_______.
A. good
B. well
C. to be good
D. to be well
( )2. I can’t pay ________ as he asked for.
A. a as high price
B.as a high price
C.as high price
D.as high a price
( )3. — We are going to see a film this evening . Why not go with us ?
— I have to do many things this evening .
I’m _______ , you see .
A. free
B. glad
C. sorry
D. Bus
( )4. —Mum, Bill is coming to dinner this evening. —OK. Let’s give him ___ to eat.
A. something different
B. different anything
C. anything different
D. different something ( )5.The ____ person is talking with the doctor.
A. ill
B. sick
C. illness
D. sickness
( ) 6. The day is bright and _______ . Let’s go for a walk .
A. sunny
B. dark
C. cloudy
D. windy
( ) 7. Look ! _______ beautiful that lake is !
A. What
B. How
C. How a
D. What a
( ) 8. ---I won't go to the Great Wall tomorrow.
--- I won't, ______.
A. neither
B. either
C. too
D. also
( ) 9. He likes to do some reading in the morning, I like it, _____.
A. too
B. either
C. neither
D. also
( ) 10.That maths problem is ______ difficult
______ nobody can work it out.
A. too; to
B. very; that
C. so; that
D. very; but
( ) 11. —What’s on the desk?
—It’s ____ .
A. a new green bag
B. new green bag
C. a green mew bag
D. a bag new green
( ) 12. The night was very ___, so he had to take off his shoes ___.
A. quiet; quietly
B. quite; quickly
C. late; quick
D. quite; quietly