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初中英语并列连词及并列句知识点

初中英语并列连词及并列句知识点
初中英语并列连词及并列句知识点

并列连词及并列句【用法讲解】

考试要求:

近年来,全国各地的中考英语试题对连词的考查主要集中在以下几方面:

1. 对并列连词的考查,要求必须确切地理解句子的意义,在此基础上确定词与词之间及两个分句之间的关系,从而确定正确的并列连词。

2. 对从属连词的考查,侧重于对从句的理解,正确把握从属连词。

1. 并列连词及并列句

并列连词表示单词、短语、从句或句子间有并列关系。用并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句叫做并列句。其结构为“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。常用并列关系的连词有:

and “和”;both…and…“两个都”;as well as“也”;not only…but also…“不但……,而且……”;neither…nor…“既不……,也不……”,either…or…“或者……或者”等。

(1) and可以用来连接两个或两个以上的单词、短语或句子,表示一种顺接的关系。and在译成中文时,不一定要翻译出“和”来。

例如:My father bought me a present, and I like it very much.

爸爸给我买了一件礼物,我非常喜欢。

(2) both…and…可用来连接两个并列的主语、谓语、宾语、表语和状语等。连接两个并列的主语时谓语动词通常用复数形式。

例如:Both you and I are league members. 我和你都是共青团员。

I can speak both English and Chinese. 我不仅能说英语,而且也能说汉语。

(3) not only… but also…,,neither…nor…都能连接两个相同的句法单位,

如主语、谓语、宾语、表语等。如果它们连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词用就近原则。

例如:He is not only tall but also strong. 他不仅个子高,而且很健壮。

Not only Jim but also I have visited the famous artist.

不但吉姆而且我也拜访过那位著名的艺术家。

Neither he nor I can speak a foreign language. 我和他都不会说外语。(4) as well as 语意同not only… but also…,意为“除了,还有”。但是not only… but also…强调的是后者,而as well as强调的是前者。且当as well as引导并列主语时,谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致。

例如:He as well as his students gets up at 6 o’clock.

不仅他的学生们而且他也是6点钟起床。

2. 表示转折关系的连词及并列句

表示转折关系的连词有: but“但是”;while“而”;however“然而”;though (although)“虽然”等。要注意,but和though(although)在句中只能选用一个,句意不变。

例如: The doctors tried to save the patient, but they failed.

= Although the doctors tried to save the patient, they failed.

尽管医生们尽力抢救那个病人,但是失败了。

Lucy likes red while Lily likes white. 露西喜欢红色,而莉莉喜欢白色。

He worked hard. However, he failed. 他很努力,然而还是失败了。

3. 表示选择关系的连词及并列句

(1)either…or…“不是……就是……”

这两个连词主要表示一种选择关系时,需要注意的是either…or…通常引导两个相同的句法单位,当连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词用就近原则。

例如:Either he or she is going to help you. 不是他帮你就是她帮你。(2) or 用在选择疑问句中连接被选择的对象,意为“或,还是”;用于否定句中连接并列成分,表示“和,与”的意思。

例如:Would you like coffee or tea? 你想要咖啡还是茶?

I don’t like bread, rice or porridge. 我不喜欢面包、米饭还有稀饭。

注意:

在否定句中,如果所接的两部分都有否定词,那么用and而不用or连接。

例如:There is no water and no air on the moon. 月球上没有水,也没有空气。

or在祈使句中意为“否则”,句型为:“祈使句,or …”=“If you don’t…,you’ll…”,or在这里表示“(请你干…)否则你就会…”,含有明显的转折意味。

Hurry up,or you will be late.

=If you don’t hurry up,you will be late. 快点,否则你会迟到的。IV.表示因果关系的连词及并列句

表示因果关系的并列连词有so(所以),for(因为)。for可译为“因为”,但只是为主句中所说的话提供推断的理由加以解释,且for引导的句子往往放于主句之后,前面用逗号隔开。

Kate was ill, so she didn’t go to school. 凯特生病了,所以她没有去上学。

I have to stay up late, for I have lots of homework to do.

我不得不熬夜,因为我有许多作业要做。

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