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Our English teacher is thirty years old.
The cake tastes delicious. We feel used to living in big cities. The potatoes went bad in the fields. Their boss seems satisfied with the work.
3.孩子们很少保持安静。
Children seldom keep quiet.
4.她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。
Her job is to look after the children in the nursery.
5.他失业了。
He is out of work.
6.树叶已经变黄了。
The leaves have turned yellow.
a,S V b, S V P c,S V O d,S V o O e,S V O C
d 1,Pleas tell us a story._______ 2, She smiled.______ a e 3. I have a lot work to do._____ 4. His job is to train swimmers._____ b 5. He noticed a man enter the room._____ e c 6. Please look at the picture._____
Be 与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致,有时态和情 态变化。如: 现在有 there is/are … 过去有 there was/were… 将来有 there will be…;there is /are going to be... 现在已经有 there has/have been… 可能有 there might be... 肯定有 there must be …/there must have been... 过去曾经有 there used to be … 似乎有 there seems/seem/seemed to be … 碰巧有 there happen/happens/happened to be …
S │ V (丌及物动词) 1. The red sun rises in the east. 2. They had to travel by air . 3.We got up early . 4. She sat there alone. 5. He came back when we were eating. • 6.Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake. • • • • • •
• 巩固练习: • 1.这个村子过去只有一口井。
There was only a well in the village.
• 2.客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。
Among the guests there were two Americans and two Frenchmen.
• 3.天气预报说下午有大风。
基本句型 二: S V P (主+系+表) • 本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成,主要用以 说明主 语的特征,类属,状态,身份等,系动 词有
一 be动词类: am、 is 、are 、was 、 were 二 表示变化类:become 、 get 、 turn 、 grow 、go 三 感官动词类: look sound smell taste feel appear, seem 四 表示延续性的动词 :remain 、stay 、 keep
英语句子成分及 基本结构
• 英语的基本成分有七种:主语、谓语、表 语、宾语、定语、状语 和补语。 • 一个完整的英语句子,至少由两部分组成 (祁使句除外)——主语和谓语。 • 主语 是一个句子叙述的主体,表明这句 话描述的是什么. • 谓语 则用以说明主语的情况,它在人称 和单复数形式上应与主语保持一致。
• 巩固练习: • 1.她昨天回家很晚。
She went home very late yesterday evening. • 2.会议将持续两个小时。
The meeting will last two hours.
3.每天八时开始上课。
Classes begin at eight every day.
• 巩固练习: 1.Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。
Mr. Johnson taught us German last year.
2.奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。
Grandma told me an interesting story last night.
3.请把那本字典递给我好吗?
Would you please pass me the dictionary?
基本句型 一: S V (主+ 谓) →主语+不及物动词 本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成, 常 用来表示主语的动作。 如:The sun rises. Tom has already left. 主语可有修饰语-定语,谓语可有修饰语-状语。 此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语 动词都能表达完整的意思,不能再接对象(即 宾语),这类动词叫做丌及物动词,后面可以 跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等作状语。
• 巩固练习: • 1.昨晚我写了一封信。
I wrote a letter last night.
• 2.这本书他读过多次了。
He has read this book many times. • 3. 他丌知道说什麽。
He did not know what to say.
英语基本句型4 S V o O 双宾语结构 说明:此结构由“主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语( 人)+直接宾语(事物)”组成。如: He brings me cookies every day. 但若要先说出直接宾语(事物),后说间接宾语(人 ),则要借助于介词to或for。如: He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me. 用to侧重指动作的方向,表示朝着,向着,对着某人 。 用for 侧重指动作的受益者,表示为了某人,替某人。 常跟双宾语的动词有:(需借助to的)bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等; (需借助for 的) buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare等。
7.这个报告听起来很有意思。
The report sounds interesting.
英语基本句型-3 S V O 主谓宾结构
本结构是由主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语构成。 宾语成分的多样化使得这一结构异常复杂。 如:1. Tom made a hole in the wall. 2. I don’t know if he can come tomorrow. 3. They haven’t decided where to go next. 4. She stopped teaching English two years ago. 5. It took them ten years to build the dam. 7. Mother promises to give me a present.
The weatherman says there’ll be a strong wind in the afternoon.
4.灯亮着,办公室里肯定有人。
The light is on. There must be someone ion the office.
• 1.They work hard. 主 + 谓 • 2.The flower is dead. 主+系+表 • 3.Plants need water. 主+谓+宾 • 4.He gives me some seeds. 主 + 谓 + 直宾 + 简宾 • 5.We should keep the plants in the shade. 主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补 • 6.Many animals live in trees. 主 + 谓
Deep water stays still.
巩固练习: 1.冬季白天短,夜晚长。
In winter, the days are short and the nights are long.
2.十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。
At the age of fifteen, he became a famous pianist.
巩固练习:
1.我们叫她Alice。
We call her Alice.
2.我们大家都认为他是诚实的。
We all consider him honest.
3.他们把小偷释放了。 They have set the thief free. 4.我要你把真相告诉我。 I want you to tell me the truth.
• 除了主语和谓语,句子有时还需要其他的 成分,用在系动词后表明主语性质,特征, 状态或身份的表语 用在及物动词后,表示行为对象或结果的 宾语, 修饰或限定名词或代词的定语, 修饰动词,形容词,副词,介词短语,或 全句的状语 以及对一个名词或代词作迚一步解释的同 位语等。
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本 句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握 这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结 构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下: 一: S V (主+谓) 二: S V P (主+系+表) 三: S V O (主+谓+宾) 四: S V o O (主+谓+间宾+直宾) 五: S V O C (主+谓+宾+宾补)
英语基本句型6 There be 句型 说明: 此句型是由“there+be+主语+状语” 构成,用以表达存在关系可以称“……有……” 。 它其实是倒装的一种情况,主语位于谓语动词 be 之后,there 仅为引导词,并无实际语意。 此句型有时不用be动词,而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive等。如: There stands a hill in the middle of the park. Once upon a time there lived an old king in the town.
英语基本句型5 S V O C 复合宾语结构 说明: 此结构由“主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾 语补足语”构成。宾语与宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓 关系或主表关系,若无宾语补足语,则句意不够完整。可 以用做宾补的有:名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,动词 不定式,分词等。如: The sun keeps us warm. I heard him singing. You must get your hair cutwenku.baidu.com They made Tom monitor. He used to do his homework with his radio on. 用 it 做形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语 的后面,以使句子结构平衡,是英语常用的句型结构方式 。即:主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正宾语。如: I found it very pleasant to be with your family.