2010考研必备英语资料汇总贴：辅导书籍+辅导班视频+讲

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15分钟之内搞定考研英语阅读B

15分钟之内搞定阅读B首先要弄清楚阅读B和阅读A的不同之处：阅读A的重点在于准确理解，相比之下B部分更侧重的是对文章的结构的把握。

弄清楚这一点是至关重要的，因为这种本质性的差异使得作A、B两部分的方法大相径庭！步骤一：速读文章（4-5分钟之内），找出中心论点和各段主旨，重点注意blank出的上下文并简单猜测一下此处大概内容。

这一步看似简单，其实其中有很多技巧。

读和读不一样，比如你看我这篇帖子和看报纸上的新闻时候都在读，但侧重点不一样。

现在你是在精读，看报纸是浏览罢了。

但要注意的是，读阅B的时候不能用看报纸一样的那种浏览来速读，而应该始终记得自己的目的：观察文章结构！比如：第一段提出现象，第二段提出相关评论和作者论点，第三段给正例，第四段给反例，最后一个结论。

当然，我举这个例子太俗，也没什么代表性，我只是为了说明一种文章内部一定有某种结构。

限于时间和条件我就不举具体的例子来说明了。

各位可以多练习一下，每次读都要在头脑中替作者构思该怎样写，怎样衔接，怎样才能更有说服力，渐渐的你就可以在很短的时间里迅速掌握文章的结构了。

这里有一点要特别注意：千万别被作者把你的思路带进文章里面。

举个简单的例子，比如某篇文章讲如何才能获取女孩子的芳心（我假设的），至今仍然没有女朋友的你（当然也是假设的）可能对这个话题就很感兴趣，对其中的细节若有所悟，文章所要传达的内容基本都被你吸收了。

如果这是阅读A的文章，你就赚到了，回答问题可能也很轻松；可若是阅读B的文章，你就倒霉了，津津有味的读了半天，结果结构上的特点一点没领会。

明白我的意思了没？步骤二：从A到G仔细的看每一个选项，看一个确定一个，并对不能确定的选项作简单标记（4-5分钟）。

有了步骤一的基础，你可能很容易便能确定某选项的位置了，甚至没看到这个选项的时候你大概已经想到这个选项应该是这个样子的（这种几率很小），也可能对某几个还有些犹豫。

不要紧，还有时间，继续下一步。

步骤三：仔细观察文章blank处的上下文的每一个细节（连词、特定名词etc），回到选项群按细节排查（4-5分钟）。

研究生英语综合教程(上)Unit 1

高等院校研究生英语系列教材
综合教程（上）
INTEGRATED COURSE
Unit 1
Unit 1 Planning your future career
Content
Starting out Reading Focus Reading More Practical Translation Focused Writing Final Project
Josh Safran graduated from American University in Washington with a business degree. He is still looking for a job. (JOSH SAFRAN) "Once you get noticed by a company, it gets a lot easier, but it’s so hard to get noticed because there’s so many people looking for so few jobs." One way to get noticed is through an internship program, says Reuben Smith-Vaughn, another graduate of American University.
Words or phrases for your reference: run a business, in possession of business, be tolerant of be considerate of , ambitious, a sense of achievement manage, endure, confident, good-tempered, cooperative open-minded, punctual, positive, flexible, generous

2010年考研英语真题及答案

2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)In 1924 American’National Research Council sent t o engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthore Plant near Chicago.It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lignting__1__workers productivity. Instead, the studies ended__2___giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect”, the extremely influential idea that thevery___3____to being experimented upon changed subjects’ behavior.The idea arose because of the __4____behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant.According to__5____of the experments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not __6____what was done in the experiment; ___7_something waschanged ,productivity rose. A(n)___8___that they were being experimented upon seemed to be____9___to alter workers’ behavior ____10____itself.After several decades, the same data were _11__ to econometric the analysis. The Hawthorne experiments have another surprise in store: _12 __the descriptions on record, no systematic _13__ was found that levels of reproductivity were related to changes in lighting. It turns out that particular way of conducting the experiments may have led to__ 14__ interpretation of what happed.__ 15___ , lighting was always changed on a Sunday .When work started again on Monday, output __16___ rose compared with the previous Saturday and__ 17 _to rise for the next couple of days.__ 18__ a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday. Workers__ 19__ to be diligent for the first few days of the weeking week in any case , before __20 __a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged “Hawthorne effect “ is hard to pin down.1. [A] affected [B] achieved [C] extracted [D] restored2. [A] at [B]up [C] with [D] off3. [A]truth [B]sight [C] act [D] proof4. [A] controversial [B] perplexing [C]mischievous[D] ambiguous5. [A]requirements [B]explanations [C] accounts [D] assessments6. [A] conclude [B] matter [C] indicate[D] work7. [A] as far as [B] for fear that[C] in case that [D] so long so8. [A] awareness [B] expectation [C] sentiment [D] illusion9. [A] suitable [B] excessive [C] enough [D] abundant10. [A] about [B] for [C] on [D] by11. [A] compared [B]shown [C] subjected [D] conveyed12. [A] contrary to [B] consistent with [C] parallel with [D] pealliar to13. [A] evidence [B]guidance [C]implication [D]source14. [A] disputable [B]enlightening [C]reliable [D]misleading15. [A] In contrast [B] For example [C] In consequence [D] As usual16. [A] duly [B]accidentally [C] unpredictably [D] suddenly17. [A]failed [B]ceased [C]started [D]continued18. 空，欢迎补充19. 空，欢迎补充20. [A]breaking [B]climbing [C]surpassing [D]hittingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text1 （空，欢迎补充）Text 2Over the past decade, thousands of patents have seen granted for what are called business methods. received one for its “one-click” online payment system. Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy. One inventor patented a technique for lifting a box.Now the nation’s top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago. In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz the U.S. court of Appeals for the federal circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents. In re Bilski , as the case is known , is “a very big deal”, says Dennis’D. Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law. It “has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents.”Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in the so-called state Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusivepinhts to specific types of online transactions. Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might bent them to the punch. In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice.The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market. The Federal circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court’s judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and that one issue it wants to evaluate is weather it should” reconsider” its state street Bank ruling.The Federal Circuit’s action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the supreme Count that has nurrowed the scope of protections for patent holders. Last April, for example the justices signaled that too many patents were being upheld for “inventions” that are obvious. T he judges on the Federal circuit are “reacting to the anti-patient trend at the supreme court” ,says Harole C.wegner, a partend attorney and professor at aeorge Washington University Law School.26. Business-method patents have recently aroused concern because of[A] their limited value to business[B] their connection with asset allocation[C] the possible restriction on their granting[D] the controversy over authorization27. Which of the following is true of the Bilski case?[A] Its rulling complies with the court decisions[B] It involves a very big business transaction[C] It has been dismissed by the Federal Circuit[D] It may change the legal practices in the U.S.28. The word “about-face” (Line 1, Paro 3) most probably means[A] loss of good will[B] increase of hostility[C] change of attitude[D] enhancement of disnity29. We learn from the last two paragraphs that business-method patents[A] are immune to legal challenges[B] are often unnecessarily issued[C] lower the esteem for patent holders[D] increase the incidence of risks30. Which of the following would be the subject of the text?[A] A looming threat to business-method patents[B] Protection for business-method patent holders[C] A legal case regarding business-method patents[D] A prevailing trend against business-method patentsText 3In his book The Tipping Point,Malcolm Aladuell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals,often called influentials,who are unusually informed,persuasive,or well-connected.The idea is intuitively compelling,but it doesn’t explain how ideas actually spread.The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible sounding but largely untested theory called the “two step flow of communication”: Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to ereryone else.Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials,those selected people will do most of the work for them. The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of people was wearing, promoting or developing whaterver it is before anyone else paid attention.Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trends.In their recent work,however,some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed.In fact,they don’t seem to be required of all. The researc hers’ argument stems from a simple obserrating about social influence,with the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey-whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media,not interpersonal,influence-even the most influential members of a popu lation simply don’t interact with that many others.Yet it is precisely these non-celebring influentials who,according to the two-step-flow theory,are supposed to drive social epidemics by influcencing their friends and colleagues directly.For a social epidemic to occur,however,each person so affected,must then influcence his or her own acquaintances,who must in turn influence theirs,and so on;and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential.If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant,for example from the initial influential prove resistant,for example the casecade of change won’t propagate very far or affect many people.Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence,the researchers studied the dynamics of populations manipulating a number of variables relating of populations,manipulating a number of variables relating to people’s ability to influence others and their tendence to be.31.By citing the book The Tipping Point,the author intends to[A]analyze the consequences of social epidemics[B]discuss influentials’ function in spreading ideas[C]exemplify people’s intuitive response to social epidemics[D]describe the essential characteristics of influentials.32.The author suggests that the “two-step-flow theory”[A]serves as a solution to marketing problems[B]has helped explain certain prevalent trends[C]has won support from influentials[D]requires solid evidence for its validity33.what the resarchers have observed recenty shows that[A] the power of influence goes with social interactions[B] interpersonal links can be enhanced through the media[C] influentials have more channels to reach the public[D] most celebrities enjoy wide media attention34.The underlined phrase “these people” in paragraph 4 refers to the ones who[A] stay outside the network of social influnce[B] have little contact with the source of influnence[C] are influenced and then influence others[D] are influenced by the initial influential35.what is the essential element in the dynamics of social influence?[A]The eagerness to be accepted[B]The impulse to influence others[C]The readiness to be influenced[D]The inclination to rely on othersText 4Bankers have been blaming themselves for their troubles in public. Behind the scenes, they have been taking aim at someone else: the accounting standard-setters. Their rules, moan the banks, have forced them to report enormous losses, and it’s just not fair. These rul es say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay, not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch. Unfortunately, banks’ lobbying now seems to be working. The details may be unknowable, but the independence of standard-setters, essential to the proper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised. And, unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that attract buyers, reviving the banking system will be difficult.After a bruising encounter with Congress, America’s F inancial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)rushed through rule changes. These gave banks more freedom to use models to value illiquid assets and more flexibility in recognizing losses on long-term assets in their income statement. Bob Herz, the FASB’s chairman, cried out against those who “question our motives.” Yet bank shares rose and the changes enhance what one lobby group politely calls “the use of judgment by management.”European ministers instantly demanded that the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) do likewise. The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning, but the pressure to fold when it completes it reconstruction of rules later this year is strong. Charlie McCreevy, a European commissioner, warned the IASB that it did “not live in a political vacuum” but “in the real word” and that Europe could yet develop different rules.It was banks that were on the wrong planet, with accounts that vastly overvalued assets. Today they argue that market prices overstate losses, because they largely reflect the temporary illiquidity of markets, not the likely extent of bad debts. The truth will not be known for years. But bank’s shares trade below their book value, suggesting that investors are skeptical. And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of banks which will not sell assets for fear of booking losses, yet are reluctant to buy all those supposed bargains.To get the system working again, losses must be recognized and dealt with. America’s new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers find attractive. Successful markets require independent and even combative standard-setters. The FASB and IASB have been exactly that, cleaning up rules on stock options and pensions, for example, against hostility form special interests. But by giving in to critics now they are inviting pressure to make more concessions.36. Bankers complained that they were forced to[A] follow unfavorable asset evaluation rules[B]collect payments from third parties[C]cooperate with the price managers[D]reevaluate some of their assets.37.According to the author , the rule changes of the FASB may result in[A]the diminishing role of management[B]the revival of the banking system[C]the banks’ long-term asset losses[D]the weakening of its independence38.According to Paragraph 4, McCreevy objects to the IASB’s attempt to[A]keep away from political influences.[B]evade the pressure from their peers.[C]act on their own in rule-setting.[D]take gradual measures in reform.39.The author thinks the banks were “on the wrong planet ”in that they[A]misinterpreted market price indicators[B]exaggerated the real value of their assets[C]neglected the likely existence of bad debts.[D]denied booking losses in their sale of assets.40.The author’s attitude towards standard-setters is one of[A]satisfaction.[B]skepticism.[C]objectiveness[D]sympathyPart BDirections:For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable paragraphs from the first A-G and fill them into the numbered boxes to from a coherent text. Paragraph E has been correctly placed. There is one paragraph which dose not fit in with the text. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (10 points)[A]The first and more important is the consumer’s growing preference for eating out;the consumption of food and drink in places other than homes has risen from about 32 percent of total consumption in 1995 to 35 percent in 2000 and is expected to approach 38 percent by 2005. This development is boosting wholesale demand from the food service segment by 4 to 5 percent a year acrossEurope,compared with growth in retail demand of 1 to 2 percent. Meanwhile,as the recession is looming large, people are getting anxious. They tend to keep a tighter hold on their purse and consider eating at home a realistic alternative.[B]Retail sales of food and drink in Europe’s largest markets are at a standstill, leaving European grocery retailers hungry for opportunities to grow. Most leading retailers have already triede-commerce, with limited success, and expansion abroad. But almost all have ignored the big, profitable opportunity in their own backyard: the wholesale food and drink trade, which appears to be just the kind of market retailers need.[C]Will such variations bring about a change in the overall structure of the food and drink market? Definitely not. The functioning of the market is based on flexible trends dominated by potential buyers.In other words,it is up to the buyer,tather than the seller,to decide what to buy .At any rate,this change will ultimately be acclaimed by an ever-growing number of both domestic and international consumers,regardless of how long the current consummer pattern will take hold.[D]All in all, this clearly seems to be a market in which big retailers that master the intricacies ofwholesaling in Europe may well expect to rake in substantial profits there by. At least, that is how it looks as a whole. Closer inspection reveals import differences among the biggest national markets, especially in their customer segments and wholesale structures, as well as the competitive dynamics of individual food and drink categories. Big retailers must understand these differences before they can identify the segments of European whloesaling in which particular abilities might unseat smaller but entrenched competitors. New skills and unfamiliar business models are needed too.[E]Despite variations in detail, wholesale markets in the countries that have been closelyexamined-France, Germany, Italy, and Spain-are made out of same building blocks. Demand comes mainly from two sources: independent morn-and-pop grocery stores which, unlike large retail chains, are two small to buy straight from producers, and food service operators range from snack machines to large institutional c atering ventures, but most of these businesses are known in the trade as “horeca”: hotels, restaurants, and cafes. Overall, Europe’s retail wholesale market, but the figures, when added together, mask two opposing trends.[F]For example, wholesale food and drink sales come to ＄268 billion in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom in 2000- more than 40 percent of retail sales. Moreover, average overall margins are higher in wholesale than in retail; wholesale demand from the food service sector is growing quickly as more Europeans eat out more often; and changes in the competitive dynamics of this fragmented industry are at last making it feasible for wholesalers to consolidate.[G]However, none of these requirements should deter large retails and even some large good producers and existing wholesalers from trying their hand, for those that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe stand to reap considerable gains.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)One basic weakness in a comservation system based wholly one economic motives is that most members of the munity have no economic value.Yet these ereatures are members of the biotic community and ,if its stability depends on its inteyrity,they are entitled to continuance.When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and,if we happen to love it .We invert excuses to give it economic importance.At the beginning of century songbiras were supposed to be disappearing.(46) Scinentists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them,the evideuce had to be comic in order to be valid.It is pamful to read these round about accounts today .We have no land ethic yet ,(47) but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue survival as a matter of intrinsic right,regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.A panallel situation exists in respect of predatory mamals and fish-eating birds .(48) Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing t he physically weak,or that they prey only on “worthless species”.Some species of tree have been read out of the party by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly .or have too low a sale vale to pay as imeber crops (49) In Europe ,where forestry is ecologically more advanced ,the Non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community ,to be preserved as such ,within reason.To sum up:a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided.(50) It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning.Without the uneconomic pats. Section Ⅲ WritingPart A51. Directions:You are supposed to write for the postgraduate association a notice to recruit volunteers for an international conference on globalization, you should conclude the basic qualification of applicant and the other information you think relative.You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “postgraduate association” instead.Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSHWER SHEET 2. (20 points)2010年参考答案Section I Use of English1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．D11．C 12．A 13．A 14．D 15．B 16．A 17．D 18．C 19．B 20．DSection II Reading ComprehensionPart A21.B 22.A 23.C 24. A 25. B 26.C 27.D 28.C 29. B 30. D31.B 32.D 33.A 34. C 35.C 36.A 37.A 38.C 39.C 40. DPart B41. B 42. F 43. D 44. G 45. APart C Translation46.科学家们赶紧拿出某些明显站不住脚的证据前来救驾，大致说的是如果鸟儿不能控制害虫的话，害虫就会把我们吃掉。

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2010年考研英语一阅读理解text3

2010年考研英语一阅读理解text3主题为”全球变暖“,文章共计计1250字，考察了全球变暖问题的起因、影响和解决方法。

以下为完整的文章内容：Text 3Global WarmingWe have already recognized that the world's climate is changing due to global warming. The average temperature of the Earth has increased by almost 1°C in the past century, and it is still rising. Global warming has been observed in many aspects, such as the increase in average global temperature, the rise in sea levels, the shrinking of glaciers, and the decline in Arctic sea ice. These changes have brought about severe weather events, such as heatwaves, floods, and hurricanes, which have had a significant impact on human health, agriculture, and the environment. The situation is urgent, and it requires immediate action. In order to mitigate the effects of global warming, we need to understand its causes and take effective measures to address it.Causes of Global WarmingThe primary cause of global warming is the increased concentration of greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere. These gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O), trap heat from the sun and prevent it from escaping into space, leading to a rise in the Earth's temperature. The m本人n sources of these greenhouse gases are human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels for energy, deforestation, and industrial processes. These activities have released large amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, resulting in the enhanced greenhouse effect and the warming of the Earth's climate. In addition, the rapid growth of the global population and the increase in industrialization have further exacerbated the problem of global warming.Impacts of Global WarmingGlobal warming has had far-reaching impacts on the Earth's climate, ecosystems, and human societies. One of the most notable effects is the rise in sea levels, which is due to the melting of polar ice caps and glaciers. This has led to the flooding of coastal areas and the displacement of millions of people, as well as the loss of habitats for marine life. Moreover, the increase in temperature has caused changes in precipitation patterns, resulting in more frequent and severe droughts,heatwaves, and heavy r本人nfall. These extreme weather events have had a detrimental effect on agriculture, food security, and water resources, leading to food shortages, water scarcity, and the spread of infectious diseases. Furthermore, global warming has had a negative impact on biodiversity, as many species are unable to adapt to the rapid changes in their environment and are at risk of extinction.Mitigation of Global WarmingIn order to mitigate the effects of global warming, we need to take urgent and coordinated action at the global, national, and local levels. The first step is to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases by transitioning to renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power, and by improving energy efficiency in transportation, buildings, and industry. Additionally, we need to increase the conservation and restoration of forests, which act as carbon sinks and help to absorb greenhouse gases from the atmosphere. Furthermore, we should promote sust本人nable agriculture and land use practices to reduce emissions from deforestation and agriculture. Finally, we need to enhance international cooperation and development assistance to support developing countries in adapting to the impacts of global warming andtransitioning to low-carbon, climate-resilient economies.ConclusionGlobal warming is a pressing issue that requires immediate attention and action from all sectors of society. By understanding the causes and impacts of global warming and implementing effective measures to mitigate its effects, we can work towards a sust本人nable and resilient future for the planet. It is imperative that we take collective action to address global warming and preserve the Earth's environment for future generations.1.表明文章主题2.全球变暖的原因和气候变化的表现3.全球变暖的影响：气候，生态系统和人类社会4.应对全球变暖的措施：减排，转型清洁能源，增加森林保护和恢复，推动可持续农业和土地利用，加强国际合作5.结论，提出全球变暖紧迫性和对策。

考研英语复习诀窍+所有复习资料下载地址

考研英语复习诀窍+所有复习资料下载地址前几月也写过一个帖子，谈了医学考研的复习思路，好像已经石沉大海了。

今天又有学弟学妹问我考研心得，问我有没有什么窍门之类的，我苦想了3分钟，说“没有什么啊”。

现在想一想，研究生英语考了不错的分数，其中一定还是有些值得注意的东西吧，叫做窍门也好，经验也罢，总之拿出来，给大家开阔一下思路吧。

首先是要用多长时间复习英语，这是个问题。

应该说，我从来都没有完全丢开英语。

英语是一门语言，想提高英语成绩必须按照语言自身的规律。

首当其冲的就是培养对英语的兴趣。

有很多人在一开始就把英语视为仇敌，还有很多人从来都把英语丢在一边，到了要考试了才开始突击背单词、做阅读。

这些都是不对的，也不可能英语的高分。

如果你能在过去的1年里，经常看英文书报，杂志，小说，网站，听英文广播，英文歌，看欧美电影，那么你会有良好的语感。

事实证明，良好的语感对阅读和写作有太大的帮助了。

如果你能做到专业书尽量读英文版的，那么你的英语阅读水平一定了得了。

所以说，英语的复习是从平时的点滴积累中开始的。

没有平日的积累很难靠突击来提高多少成绩。

当然，考前的针对性复习的主要意义在于使你适应考试的氛围。

而且，临阵磨枪不快也光啊！其次，需要背多少单词？其实问这个问题就是错误的。

再一次，英语是一门语言。

考研大纲规定了大约5500个单词。

即使你对这5500个单词都很熟悉了，可能你读到考研英语阅读的文章还是会磕磕绊绊，而当你读到外国小说的时候你才会发现原来不认得的单词更多。

那么我们应该怎么看这5500单词呢？首先，这是一个基础。

当你达到这5500的词汇量的时候也意味着你对英语的构词法则有了一定的了解，对词根、词缀有了一定的认识，由此你可以在阅读中通过推测，派生等办法认得更多的单词。

但是单词本身毕竟不是语言，最终还是要回到语言中去。

我们中国人学外语还是主要以书面语言为主，所以，多阅读是唯一的出路。

我发现现在周围的人特别是工作以后，越来越没有阅读的习惯了。

研究生英语应用教程(第二册)完整版课后翻译unit 1-8单元

Translation第一单元A．Western teachers working at Chinese preschools express shock at the levels of strictness imposed ,and the ways in which the most difficult children are chastised.While this high degree of discipline has the negative effect of making children reluctant to initiate play , it does succeed in teaching self-control and respect for authority-precisely those qualities that are seen to be lacking in U.S school.Friends and family in North America often tell me that between piano ,art and sports lessons , their kids are already overscheduled and subject to pressures beyond their years.Yet , regardless of the number of extracurricular activities, the lives of western children are leisurely when compared to Chinese.对于校纪实施的严格程度和对最难管教学生的处罚方式，在中国幼儿园工作的西方教师表示震惊。

如此高度的纪律性虽然会产生令孩子们不愿意玩耍的消极影响，但也会教会他们自控和尊重权威，而这些品质恰恰是美国学生所缺少的。

2010年英语二(完整版)

谷造成他销售业绩不佳。“我很痛苦，愁肠百结，常常在半夜惊醒，望着天花板发愣。我身无分文，需要这份工作。大家都说，等等看，过一段时间情况会好转的，给点时间吧。”
【参考范文】 Dear Judy,
I would like to convey my heartfelt thanks to you for your warm reception when I participated in the exchange program in your country.
受的痛苦生活后，他清楚地认识到，旨在提高承受力的价值观只有通过每日的行为和抉择才能得到体现。 Ning 回忆起九十年代后期销售保险那困惑的一年。在经历了网络泡沫的膨胀和破灭后，他急需找到一份工作，
因此就与 Boulder 公司签了约。但情况并不顺利。Ning”不出所料，工作上的进退维
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Your generous help made it possible for me to have a very pleasant stay and a chance to know American culture better. Besides, I think it is a great honor for me to make friends with you and I will cherish the goodwill you showed to me wherever I go. I do hope that you will visit China one day, so that I could have the opportunity to repay your kindness and refresh our friendship.

2010考研英语一text2

2010考研英语一text2In the text, the author discusses the impact of the internet on the way people gather information. The author argues that the internet has revolutionized the way people access information and has made traditional information-gathering methods, such as going to the library, less relevant.The author presents several reasons to support this argument. First, the internet allows people to access a vast amount of information from anywhere at any time. Unlike going to a library, where one is limited to the books and resources available, the internet provides access to a wide range of information on various topics. This has made it easier for people to find the information they need without having to leave their homes or offices.Second, the internet provides real-time information. Traditional methods of gathering information, such as printed books or newspapers, often have a delay between the time the information is collected and when it becomes available to the public. With the internet, information can be updated and accessed instantly, allowing people to stay up-to-date with the latest news and developments.Third, the internet allows for interaction and collaboration. Online platforms, such as forums and social media, enable people to share ideas, ask questions, and discuss topics with others from around the world. This collaborative nature of the internet enhances the information-gathering process by providing different perspectives and expertise.Despite these advantages, the author acknowledges that there are drawbacks to relying solely on the internet for information. One concern is the credibility of online sources. With anyone being able to publish information online, it can be difficult to determine the accuracy and reliability of the information found on the internet. The author suggests that it is important to critically evaluate sources and cross-reference information to ensure its credibility.In conclusion, the internet has transformed the way people gather information by providing easy access to a vast amount of information, real-time updates, and opportunities for collaboration. While there are concerns about the credibility of online sources, the internet remains a valuable tool for information-seeking in today's digital age.。

2010年考研英语真题答案及解析

10.[A] about (oneself) 关于自己
[B] for (oneself) 为自己
[C] on (oneself)
[D] by (oneself) 独立地，无人帮助地，独自地
【答案】 D
【考点】上下文语义衔接+固定搭配
【解析】本题考查的是“介词+oneself”的用法。反身代词与不同的介词连用，可表达不同的意思。本题的关键是在
二、试题解析
1.[A] affected 影响 [B] achieved 取得；获得
[C] extracted 提取；榨出
[D] restored 恢复；修复
【答案】 A
【考点】上下文语义衔接+动词辨析
【解析】空格处所填的词说明工厂的照明与工人劳动生产率之间的关系，显然这里需要的意思是“影响”。achieve
表示“达到，完成”，extract 表示“提取；榨出”，restore 表示“恢复，使修复”，都与句意不符，只有 A 选
项符合句意。此句要表达的意思是“工厂的照明如何影响工人的劳动生产率。”而其它三项虽然都能与空格前
后的主语和宾语连用。但是放在这里，句意不通顺，所以排除。故本题答案为 A。
2.[A] at 倾向于
1
因此这个现象是“令人费解的”，只有 perplexing 有此意，而其它三个选项虽然也都可用于修饰空后的 behavior。然而联系上下文，上下文并没有涉及到妇女们的行为是“有争议的”、“恶作剧的”或“引起歧义的”，故本
题的正确答案是 B。
5.[A] requirements 要求 [B] explanations 解释；说明 [C] accounts 报告；描述 [D] assessments 评定；估价

英语资料查询地址

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2010年英语二text3

2010年英语二text3英文回答：The text discusses the concept of "social tipping points" and how they can bring about large-scale social change.Social tipping points are points in time when a small change can trigger a much larger change. This can happen when a system is in a state of equilibrium and a small perturbation can push it into a new state.One example of a social tipping point is the spread of a new technology. When a new technology is introduced, it often takes a long time for it to catch on. However, once a certain threshold is reached, the technology can spread very quickly. This is because people start to see the benefits of the new technology and they begin to adopt it.Another example of a social tipping point is the riseof a new social movement. Social movements often start with a small group of people who are passionate about aparticular issue. However, if the movement can reach a certain threshold of support, it can quickly spread to a much larger population. This is because people start to see the legitimacy of the movement and they join in.Social tipping points can be difficult to predict, but they can have a profound impact on society. Byunderstanding how social tipping points work, we can better prepare for them and mitigate their negative effects.中文回答：本文讨论了“社会临界点”概念及其如何带来大规模社会变革。

2010年考研英语一text4

2010年考研英语一text4Text4Barraged by offers to "connect" on social media, we often capitulate, inviting further contact from advertisers, musicians, filmmakers, and writers. The ensuing deluge of friend requests and messages threatens to drown us, alienate us, and transform us into versions of ourselves we barely recognize.Gone are the glory days of Facebook when we'd accept friend requests only from people we actually knew. Nowadays, we accept friend requests from friends of friends, acquaintances, and complete strangers, all in the name of networking. This has led to a proliferation of "friends" on social media, many of whom we have no real connection or desire to interact with.This virtual "friendship inflation" is not without consequences. Research shows that having hundreds or thousands of Facebook friends does not increase well-being or life satisfaction. In fact, it may have the opposite effect. A study published in the Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology found that having more Facebook friends was associated with greater feelings of loneliness and depression.The reason for this seems to be twofold. First, as we accumulate more friends on social media, we are more likely to compare ourselves to others, leading to feelings of envy and inferiority. Second, maintaining a large network of friends on social media requires significant time and effort. This can lead to a sense of overwhelm, social pressure, and decreased well-being.The solution to the social media friend overload is not to abandon social media altogether. Instead, it's important to be discerning about who we connect with online. Rather than accepting everyfriend request that comes our way, we should carefully consider whether we have a genuine connection or shared interest with the person. Quality, not quantity, is key.Additionally, it's important to set boundaries and manage our online relationships effectively. This may mean unfriending or unfollowing people who consistently post negative or irrelevant content, or limiting the amount of time we spend scrolling through our social media feeds.By taking a more selective approach to social media connections and setting boundaries, we can reclaim our online social networks and ensure that they enhance, rather than detract from, our overall well-being and happiness.。

2010年考研英语二真题答案超详解析

2010 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案与解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET l. (10 points)The outbreak of swine flu that was first detected in Mexico was declared a global epidemicon June 11, 2009. It is the first worldwide epidemic_____1_____ by the World HealthOrganization in 41 years.The heightened alert _____2_____an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that convened after a sharp rise in cases in Australia, and rising_____3_____in Britain, Japan, Chileand elsewhere.But the epidemic is "_____4_____" in severity, according to Margaret Chan, the organization's director general, _____5_____ the overwhelming majority of patients experiencingonly mild symptoms and a full recovery, often in the _____6_____ of any medical treatment.The outbreak came to global_____7_____in late April 2009, when Mexican authorities noticed anunusually large number of hospitalizations and deaths_____8_____healthy adults. As much ofMexico City shut down at the height of a panic, cases began to _____9_____in New York City, thesouthwestern United States and around the world.In the United States, new cases seemed to fade_____10_____warmer weather arrived. But in late September 2009, officials reported there was _____11_____flu activity in almost every stateand that virtually all the_____12_____tested are the new swine flu, also known as (A) H1N1, notseasonal flu. In the U.S., it has_____13_____more than one million people, and caused more than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations.Federal health officials_____14_____Tamiflu for children f rom the national stockpile and began_____15_____orders from the states for the new swine flu vaccine. The new vaccine, whichis different from the annual flu vaccine, is ____16_____ ahead of expectations. More than three million doses were to be made available in early O ctober 2009, though mostof those_____17_____doses were of the FluMist nasal spray type, which is not_____18_____for pregnant women, people over 50 or those with breathing d ifficulties, heart disease or several other_____19_____. But it was still possible to vaccinate people in other high-risk group: health care workers, people _____20_____infants and healthy young people.1[A] criticized[B] appointed[C]commented [D] designated2[A] proceeded[B] activated[C] followed[D] prompted 3[A] digits[B] numbers[C] amounts[D] sums4[A] moderate[B] normal[C] unusual[D] extreme 5[A] with[B] in[C] from[D] by6[A] progress[B] absence[C] presence[D] favor7[A] reality[B] phenomenon[C] concept[D] notice 8. [A]over[B] for[C] among[D] to9[A] stay up[B] crop up[C] fill up[D] cover up 10[A] as[B] if[C] unless[D] until11[A] excessive[B] enormous[C] significant [D]magnifice nt12[A]categories[B] examples[C] patterns[D] samples 13[A] imparted[B] immerse[C] injected[D] infected 14[A] released[B] relayed[C] relieved[D] remained 15[A] placing[B] delivering[C] taking[D] giving16[A] feasible[B] available[C] reliable [D] applicable17[A] prevalent[B] principal[C] innovative[D] initial18[A] presented[B] restricted[C] recommended [D] introduced19[A] problems[B] issues[C] agonies [D] sufferings20[A] involved in[B] caring for[C] concerned with [D] warding offSection Ⅱ Reading comprehensionPart AText 1The longest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by Damien Hirst,“Beautiful Inside My Head Forever ”，at Sotheby’s in London on September 15th 2008. All but two pieces sold, fetching more than￡ 70m, a record for a sale by asingle artist. It was a last victory. As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy.The world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising bewilderingly since 2003. At its peak in 2007 it was worth some $65 billion, reckons Clare McAndrew, founder of Arts Economics, a research firm — double the figure five years earlier.Since then it may have come down to $50 billion. But the market generates interest farbeyond its size because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos, greed, passionand controversy in a way matched by few other industries.In the weeks and months that followed Mr Hirst’ s sale, spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable, especially in New York, where the bail-out of the banks coincided with theloss of thousands of jobs and the financial demise of many art-buying investors. In the artworld that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales ofcontemporary art fell bytwo-thirds, and in the most overheated sector — for Chinese contemporary art — theywere down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008. Within weeks the world?s twobiggest auction houses,Sotheby?s and Christie?s, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to clients who hadplaced works for sale with them.The current downturn in the art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists at the end of 1989, a move that started the most serious contraction in the marketsince the Second World War. This time experts reckon that prices are about 40% down ontheir peak on average, though some have been far more fluctuant. But Edward Dolman,Christie?s chiefexecutive, says:“ I?m pretty confident we?re at the bottom.”What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market, whereas in the early 1990s, when interest rates were high, there was no demandeven though many collectors wanted to sell. Christie ’s revenues in the first half of 2009were still higher than in the first half of 2006. Almost everyone who was interviewed forthis special report said that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demandbut a lack of good work to sell.The three Ds — death, debt and divorce — still deliver works of art to the market. But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, waiting for confidence to return.21.In the first paragraph, Damien Hirst's sale was referred to as“ a last victory ”because ____.A. the art market had witnessed a succession of victoriesB. the auctioneer finally got the two pieces at the highestbids C. Beautiful Inside My Head Forever won over allmasterpiecesD. it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis22.By saying“ spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable ” (Line 1-2,Para.3)， the author suggests that_____.A. collectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctionsB .people stopped every kind of spending and stayed away from galleriesC. art collection as a fashion had lost its appeal to a great extentD .works of art in general had gone out of fashion so they were notworth buying 23. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A .Sales of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2007 to 2008.B. The art market surpassed many other industries in momentum.C. The market generally went downward in various ways.D. Some art dealers were awaiting better chances to come.24.The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraph are ____A. auction houses 'favorites B. contemporarytrendsC. factors promoting artwork circulation25.The most appropriate title for this text could be ___A. Fluctuation of ArtPrices B. Up-to-date ArtAuctions C. Art Marketin Decline D. ShiftedInterest in ArtsText 2I was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living room— a women's groupthathad invited men to join them. Throughout the evening one man had been particularly talkative, frequently offering ideas and anecdotes, while his wife sat silently beside him on the couch.Toward the end of the evening I commented that women frequently complain that theirhusbands don't talk to them. This man quickly nodded in agreement. He gestured toward his wife and said,"She's the talker in our family." The room burst into laughter; the man looked puzzledand hurt. "It's true," he explained. "When I come home from work, I have nothing tosay. If she didn't keepthe conversation going, we'd spend the whole evening in silence."This episode crystallizes the irony that although American men tend to talk more than women in public situations, they often talk less at home. And t his pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage.The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late 1970s. SociologistCatherine Kohler Riessman reports in her new book "Divorce Talk" that most of the women she interviewed — but only a few of the men— gave lack of communication as the reason for their divorces. Given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent， that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year — a virtual epidemic of failed conversation.In my own research complaints from women about their husbands most often focused not on tangible inequities such as having given up the chance for a career to accompany ahusband to his or doing far more than their share of daily life-support work like cleaning,cooking, socialarrangements and errands. Instead they focused on communication: "He doesn't listen tome." "He doesn't talk to me." I found as Hacker observed years before that most wives wanttheir husbands to be first and foremost conversational partners but few husbands sharethis expectation of theirwives.In short the image that best represents the current crisis is the stereotypical cartoon scene of a man sitting at the breakfast table with a newspaper held up in front of his face, while a womanglares at the back of it, wanting to talk.26.What is most wives' main expectation of theirhusbands? A. Talking to them.B. Trusting them.C. Supporting their careers.D. Sharing housework.27. Judging from the context, the phrase“ wreaking havoc” (Line 3,Para.2)most probably means ___ .A. generating motivation.B. exerting influenceC. causing damageD. creating pressure28.All of the following are true EXCEPT_______A. men tend to talk more in public than womenB. nearly 50 percent of recent divorces are caused by failedconversation C. women attach much importance to communicationbetween couples29.Which of the following can best summarize the main idea ofthis text? A. The moral decaying deserves more research bysociologists.B. Marriage break-up stems from sex inequalities.C. Husband and wife have different expectations from their marriage.D. Conversational patterns between man and wife are different.30. In the following part immediately after this text, the author will most probably focuson ______A. a vivid account of the new book Divorce TalkB. a detailed description of the stereotypical cartoonC. other possible reasons for a high divorce rate in the U.S.D. a brief introduction to the political scientist Andrew HackerText 3Over the past decade, many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors —habits— among consumers. These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks, apply lotions and wipe counters almost without thinking, oftenin response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.“ There are fundamental public health problems, like dirty hands instead of a soap habit, that remain killers only because we can ’t figure out how to change people ’s habits,” Dr. Curtis said.“ We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happenautomatically.”The companies that Dr. Curtis turned to — Procter & Gamble, Colgate-Palmolive and Unilever — had invested hundreds of millions of dollars finding the subtle cues in’consumers lives that corporations could use to introduce new routines.If you look hard enough, you?ll find that many of the products we use every day chewing—gums,skin moisturizers, disinfecting wipes, air fresheners, water purifiers, health snacks, antiperspirants,colognes, teeth whiteners, fabric softeners, vitamins — are results of manufactured habits.A century ago, few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day. Today, because of canny advertising and public health campaigns, many Americans habituallygive their pearly whites a cavity-preventing scrub twice a day, often with Colgate, Crest orone of the other brands.A few decades ago, many people didn?t drink water outside of a meal. Then beverage companies started bottling the production of far-off springs, and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long. Chewing gum, once bought primarily by adolescent boys, isnow featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal.Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals, slipped in betweenhair brushing and putting on makeup.“ Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly patterns,” saidCarol Berning, a consumer psychologist who recently retired from Procter & Gamble, the company thatsold $76 billion of Tide, Crest and other products last year.“ Creating positive habits is a huge part of improving our consumers? lives, and it?s essential to making n ew products commercially viable.”Through experiments and observation, social scientists like Dr. Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through relentless advertising.As this new science of habit has emerged, controversies have erupted when the tacticshave been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods.31.According to Dr. Curtis, habits like hand washing withsoap________. [A] should be further cultivated[B] should be changedgradually [C] are deeplyrooted in history[D] are basically private concerns32. Bottled water, chewing gun and skin moisturizers are mentioned in Paragraph 5 so as to____[A]reveal their impact on people ’s habits[B]show the urgent need of daily necessities[C]indicate their effect on people ’ s buying power[D]manifest the significant role of good habits33. Which of the following does NOT belong to products that help create people’ s habits?[A]Tide[B]Crest[C]Colgate[D]Unilever34.From the text we know that some of consumer ’ s habits are developed due to _____[A]perfected art of products[B]automatic behaviorcreation [C]commercialpromotions [D]scientificexperiments35. The author’ s attitude toward the influence of advertisement on people ’s habits is____[A]indifferent[B]negative[C]positive[D]biasedText 4Many Americans regard the jury system as a concrete expression of crucial democratic values, including the principles that all citizens who meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy are equally competent to serve on juries; that jurors should be selected randomly from arepresentative cross section of the community; that no citizen should be denied the right toserve on a jury on account of race, religion, sex, or national origin; that defendants areentitled to trial by their peers;and that verdicts should represent the conscience of the community and not just the letterof the law. The jury is also said to be the best surviving example of direct rather than representativedemocracy. In a direct democracy, citizens take turns governing themselves, ratherthan electing representatives to govern for them.But as recently as in 1986, jury selection procedures conflicted with these democratic ideals. In some states, for example, jury duty was limited to persons of supposedly superior intelligence, education, and moral character. Although the Supreme Court of the United States had prohibited intentional racial discrimination in jury selection as early as the 1880 case of Strauder v. West Virginia, the practice of selecting so-called elite or blue-ribbon juriesprovided a convenient wayaround this and other antidiscrimination laws.The system also failed to regularly include women on juries until the mid-20th century. Although women first served on state juries in Utah in 1898, it was not until the 1940sthat a majority of states made women eligible for jury duty. Even then several states automatically exempted women from jury duty unless they personally asked to have their names included on the jury list. This practice was justified by the claim that women were needed at home, and it keptjuries unrepresentative of women through the 1960s.In 1968, the Congress of the United States passed the Jury Selection and Service Act, ushering in a new era of democratic reforms for the jury. This law abolished special educational requirements for federal jurors and required them to be selected at random from a cross section of the entire community. In the landmark 1975 decision Taylor vs. Louisiana, the Supreme Court extended the requirement that juries be representative of all parts of the community to the statelevel. The Taylor decision also declared sex discrimination in jury selection to be unconstitutional and ordered states to use the same procedures for selecting male andfemale jurors.36.From the principles of the US jury system, we learn that ______[A]both liberate and illiterate people can serve on juries[B]defendants are immune from trial by their peers[C]no age limit should be imposed for jury service[D]judgment should consider the opinion of the public37. The practice of selecting so-called elite jurors prior to 1968 showed_____[A]the inadequacy of antidiscrimination laws[B]the prevalent discrimination against certainraces [C]the conflicting ideals in jury selectionprocedures[D]the arrogance common among the Supreme Court justices38.Even in the 1960s, women were seldom on the jury list in some states because_____[A]they were automatically banned by statelaws [B]they fell far short of the requiredqualifications [C]they were supposed toperform domestic duties[D]they tended to evade public engagement39. After the Jury Selection and Service Act was passed.___[A]sex discrimination in jury selection was unconstitutional and had to be abolished[B]educational requirements became less rigid in the selection of federal jurors[C]jurors at the state level ought to be representative of the entire community[D]states ought to conform to the federal court in reforming the jury system40.In discussing the US jury system, the text centers on_______[A]its nature and problems[B]its characteristics andtradition [C]its problems andtheir solutions [D]its traditionand developmentPart BBOTH Boeing and Airbus have trumpeted the efficiency of their newest aircraft, the 787 andA350 respectively. Their clever designs and lightweight composites certainly make a difference. But a group of researchers at Stanford University, led by Ilan Kroo, has suggested that airlines could take a more naturalistic approach to cutting jet-fuel use, and it would not require them to buy new aircraft.The answer, says Dr Kroo, lies with birds. Since 1914, and a seminal paper by a Germanresearcher called Carl Wieselsberger, scientists have known thatbirdsflyinginformation — aV-shape, echelon or otherwise —expend less energy. The air flowing over a bird?s wings curls upwards behind the wingtips, a phenomenon known as upwash. Other birds flying in the upwash experience reduced drag, and spend less energy propelling themselves. Peter Lissaman, an aeronautics expert who was formerly at Caltech and the University of SouthernWhen applied to aircraft, the principles are not substantially different. Dr Kroo and his teammodelled what would happen if three passenger jets departing from Los Angeles, San Francisco and Las Vegas were to rendezvous over Utah, assume an inverted V-formation, occasionally swap places so all could have a turn in the most favourable positions, and proceed to London. Theyfound that the aircraft consumed as much as 15% less fuel (with a concomitant reductionin carbon-dioxide output). Nitrogen-oxide emissions during the cruising portions of theflight fell by around a quarter.There are, of course, kinks to be worked out. One consideration is safety, or at least the perception of it. Would passengers feel comfortable travelling in convoy? Dr Kroo points out thatthe aircraft could be separated by several nautical miles, and would not be in the unnervingly cosygroupings favoured by display teams like the Red Arrows. A passenger peering out of thewindow might not even see the other planes. Whether the separation distances involvedwould satisfyair-traffic-control regulations is another matter, although a working group at theInternational Civil Aviation. Organisation has included the possibility of formation flying ina blueprint for new operational guidelines.It remains to be seen how weather conditions affect the air flows that make formation flightmore efficient. In zones of increased turbulence, the planes ’ wakes will decay morequickly and the effect will diminish. Dr Kroo says this is one of the areas his team willinvestigate further. Itmight also be hard for airlines to co-ordinate the departure times and destinations of passenger aircraft in a way that would allow them to gain from formation flight. Cargo aircraft,in contrast, might be easier to reschedule, as might routine military flights.As it happens, America ’s armed forces are on the case already. Earlier this year the country ’s Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency announced plans to pay Boeing to investigateformation flight, though the programme has yet to begin. There are reports that some militaryaircraft flew in formation when they were low on fuel during the second world war, but Dr Lissaman says they are apocryphal.“ My father was an RAF pilot and my cousin the skipperof aLancaster lost over Berlin,” he adds. Soknowheshould.41. Findings of the Stanford University researchers will promote the sales of new Boeing andAirbus aircraft.42.The upwash experience may save propelling energy as well as reducingresistance. 43.Formation flight is more comfortable because passengers can not seethe other planes.44.The role that weather plays in formation flight has not yet been clearly defined.’ s armed forces once tried45. It has been documented that during World War II,America formation flight to save fuel.46.Directions:In this section there is a text in English .Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET2.(15points)“Suatainability ” has become apopular word these days, but to Ted Ning, the concept will always have personal meaning. Having endured apainful period of unsustainability in his own life madeitclear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expressed though everyday action and choice。

2010年考研英语真题(含答案解析)

2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)In 1924 America's National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lighting大1家workers' productivity. Instead, the studies ended 大2家giving their name to the "Hawthorneeffect", the extremely influential idea that the very 大3家to being experimented upon changed subjects' behavior.The idea arose because of the 大4家behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant. According to 大5家of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not 大6家what was done in the experiment; 大7家something was changed, productivity rose. A(n) 大8家that they were being experimented upon seemed to be 大9家to alter workers' behavior 大10家itself.After several decades, the same data were 大11家to econometric the analysis. Hawthorne experiments hasanother surprise store 大12家the descriptions on record, no systematic 大13家was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting.It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to 大14家interpretation of whathapped. 大15家, lighting was always changed on a Sunday. When work started again on Monday, output大16家rose compared with the previous Saturday and 17 to rise for the next couple of days. 大18家, a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers 大19家to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case, before 大20家 a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged "Hawthorne effect" is hard to pin down.1. [A] affected [B] achieved [C] extracted [D] restored2. [A] at [B] up [C] with [D] off3. [A] truth [B] sight [C] act [D] proof4. [A] controversial [B] perplexing [C] mischievous [D] ambiguous5. [A] requirements [B] explanations [C] accounts [D] assessments6. [A] conclude [B] matter [C] indicate [D] work7. [A] as far as [B] for fear that [C] in case that [D] so long as8. [A] awareness [B] expectation [C] sentiment [D] illusion9. [A] suitable [B] excessive [C] enough [D] abundant10. [A] about [B] for [C] on [D] by11. [A] compared [B] shown [C] subjected [D] conveyed12. [A] contrary to [B] consistent with [C] parallel with [D] peculiar to13. [A] evidence [B] guidance [C] implication [D] source14. [A] disputable [B] enlightening [C] reliable [D] misleading15. [A] In contrast [B] For example [C] In consequence [D] As usual16. [A] duly [B] accidentally [C] unpredictably [D] suddenly17. [A] failed [B] ceased [C] started [D] continued18. [A] Therefore [B] Furthermore [C] However [D] Meanwhile19. [A] attempted [B] tended [C] chose [D]intended20. [A] breaking [B] climbing [C] surpassing [D] hittingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define ‘journalism’ as ‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to w riters who are.’”Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lif etime, though, he was also one of England’s foremost classical-music critics, a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.Is there any chance that Cardus’s criticism will enjoy a revival? The prospect seems remote. Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized. Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.21. It is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 that[A] arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers.[B] English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews.[C] high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers.[D] young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies.22. Newspaper reviews in England before World War II were characterized by[A] free themes.[B] casual style.[C] elaborate layout.[D] radical viewpoints.23. Which of the following would Shaw and Newman most probably agree on?[A] It is writers' duty to fulfill journalistic goals.[B] It is contemptible for writers to be journalists.[C] Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.[D] Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing.24. What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs?[A] His music criticism may not appeal to readers today.[B] His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute.[C] His style caters largely to modern specialists.[D] His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition.25. What would be the best title for the text?[A] Newspapers of the Good Old Days[B] The Lost Horizon in Newspapers[C] Mournful Decline of Journalism[D] Prominent Critics in MemoryText 2Over the past decade, thousands of patents have been granted for what are called business methods. received one for its "one-click" online payment system. Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy. One inventor patented a technique for lifting a box.Now the nation's top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago. In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz the U.S. court of Appeals for the federal circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents. In re Bilski, as the case is known , is "a very big deal", says Dennis D. Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law. It "has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents." Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in the so-called state Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusive rights to specific types of online transactions. Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch. In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice.The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market. The Federal circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court's judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should "reconsider" its state street Bank ruling. The Federal Circuit's action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the supreme Court that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders. Last April, for example the justices signaled that too manypatents were being upheld for "inventions" that are obvious. The judges on the Federal circuit are "reacting to the anti-patent trend at the Supreme Court", says Harold C. Wegner, a patent attorney and professor at George Washington University Law School.26. Business-method patents have recently aroused concern because of[A] their limited value to business[B] their connection with asset allocation[C] the possible restriction on their granting[D] the controversy over authorization27. Which of the following is true of the Bilski case?[A] Its ruling complies with the court decisions[B] It involves a very big business transaction[C] It has been dismissed by the Federal Circuit[D] It may change the legal practices in the U.S.28. The word "about-face" (Line 1, Para 3) most probably means[A] loss of good will[B] increase of hostility[C] change of attitude[D] enhancement of dignity29. We learn from the last two paragraphs that business-method patents[A] are immune to legal challenges[B] are often unnecessarily issued[C] lower the esteem for patent holders[D] increase the incidence of risks30. Which of the following would be the subject of the text?[A] A looming threat to business-method patents[B] Protection for business-method patent holders[C] A legal case regarding business-method patents[D] A prevailing trend against business-method patentsText 3In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials, who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well-connected. The idea is intuitively compelling, but it doesn't explain how ideas actually spread.The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible sounding but largely untested theory called the "two step flow of communication": Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else. Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials, those selected people will do most of the work for them. The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks, brands, or neighborhoods. In many such cases, a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing, promoting, or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention. Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trendsIn their recent work, however, some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed. In fact, they don't seem to be required of all.The researchers' argument stems from a simple observing about social influence, with the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal, influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don't interact with that many others. Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who, according to the two-step-flow theory, are supposed to drive social epidemics by influencing their friends and colleagues directly. For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected, must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential. If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant, for example from the initial influential prove resistant, for example the cascade of change won't propagate very far or affect many people. Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence, the researchers studied the dynamics of populations manipulating a number of variables relating of populations, manipulating a number of variables relating to people's ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced. Our work shows that the principal requirement for what we call "global cascades"– the widespread propagation of influence through networks – is the presence not of a few influentials but, rather, of a critical mass of easily influenced people, each of whom adopts, say, a look or a brand after being exposed to a single adopting neighbor. Regardless of how influential an individual is locally, he or she can exert global influence only if this critical mass is available to propagate a chain reaction.31. By citing the book The Tipping Point, the author intends to[A] analyze the consequences of social epidemics[B] discuss influentials' function in spreading ideas[C] exemplify people's intuitive response to social epidemics[D] describe the essential characteristics of influentials.32. The author suggests that the "two-step-flow theory"[A] serves as a solution to marketing problems[B] has helped explain certain prevalent trends[C] has won support from influentials[D] requires solid evidence for its validity33. What the researchers have observed recently shows that[A] the power of influence goes with social interactions[B] interpersonal links can be enhanced through the media[C] influentials have more channels to reach the public[D] most celebrities enjoy wide media attention34. The underlined phrase "these people" in paragraph 4 refers to the ones who[A] stay outside the network of social influence[B] have little contact with the source of influence[C] are influenced and then influence others[D] are influenced by the initial influential35. what is the essential element in the dynamics of social influence?[A] The eagerness to be accepted[B] The impulse to influence others[C] The readiness to be influenced[D] The inclination to rely on othersText 4Bankers have been blaming themselves for their troubles in public. Behind the scenes, they have been taking aim at someone else: the accounting standard-setters. Their rules, moan the banks, have forced them to report enormous losses, and it's just not fair. These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay, not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch.Unfortunately, banks' lobbying now seems to be working. The details may be unknowable, but the independence of standard-setters, essential to the proper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised. And, unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that attract buyers, reviving the banking system will be difficult.After a bruising encounter with Congress, America's Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) rushed through rule changes. These gave banks more freedom to use models to value illiquid assets and more flexibility in recognizing losses on long-term assets in their income statement. Bob Herz, the FASB's chairman, cried out against those who "question our motives." Yet bank shares rose and the changes enhance what one lobby group politely calls "the use of judgment by management."European ministers instantly demanded that the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) do likewise. The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning, but the pressure to fold when it completes it reconstruction of rules later this year is strong. Charlie McCreevy, a European commissioner, warned the IASB that it did "not live in a political vacuum" but "in the real word" and that Europe could yet develop different rules. It was banks that were on the wrong planet, with accounts that vastly overvalued assets. Today they argue that market prices overstate losses, because they largely reflect the temporary illiquidity of markets, not the likely extent of bad debts. The truth will not be known for years. But bank's shares trade below their book value, suggesting that investors are skeptical. And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of banks which will not sell assets for fear of booking losses, yet are reluctant to buy all those supposed bargains.To get the system working again, losses must be recognized and dealt with. America's new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers find attractive. Successful markets require independent and even combative standard-setters. The FASB and IASB have been exactly that, cleaning up rules on stock options and pensions, for example, against hostility from special interests. But by giving in to critics now they are inviting pressure to make more concessions.36. Bankers complained that they were forced to[A] follow unfavorable asset evaluation rules[B] collect payments from third parties[C] cooperate with the price managers[D] reevaluate some of their assets.37. According to the author , the rule changes of the FASB may result in[A] the diminishing role of management[B] the revival of the banking system[C] the banks' long-term asset losses[D] the weakening of its independence38. According to Paragraph 4, McCreevy objects to the IASB's attempt to[A] keep away from political influences.[B] evade the pressure from their peers.[C] act on their own in rule-setting.[D] take gradual measures in reform.39. The author thinks the banks were "on the wrong planet" in that they[A] misinterpreted market price indicators[B] exaggerated the real value of their assets[C] neglected the likely existence of bad debts.[D] denied booking losses in their sale of assets.40. The author's attitude towards standard-setters is one of[A] satisfaction.[B] skepticism.[C] objectiveness[D] sympathyPart BDirections:For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable paragraphs from the list A-G and fill them into the numbered boxes to form a coherent text. Paragraph E has been correctly placed. There is one paragraph which does not fit in with the text. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (10 points)[A] The first and more important is the consumer's growing preference for eating out; the consumption of food and drink in places other than homes has risen from about 32 percent of total consumption in 1995 to 35 percent in 2000 and is expected to approach 38 percent by 2005. This development is boosting wholesale demand from the food service segment by 4 to 5 percent a year across Europe, compared with growth in retail demand of 1 to 2 percent. Meanwhile, as the recession is looming large, people are getting anxious. They tend to keep a tighter hold on their purse and consider eating at home a realistic alternative.[B] Retail sales of food and drink in Europe's largest markets are at a standstill, leaving European grocery retailers hungry for opportunities to grow. Most leading retailers have already tried e-commerce, with limited success, and expansion abroad. But almost all have ignored the big, profitable opportunity in their own backyard: the wholesale food and drink trade, which appears to be just the kind of market retailers need.[C] Will such variations bring about a change in the overall structure of the food and drink market? Definitely not. The functioning of the market is based on flexible trends dominated by potential buyers. In other words, it is up to the buyer, rather than the seller, to decide what to buy .At any rate, this change will ultimately be acclaimed by an ever-growing number of both domestic and international consumers, regardless of how long the current consumer pattern will take hold.[D] All in all, this clearly seems to be a market in which big retailers could profitably apply their scale, existing infrastructure and proven skills in the management of product ranges, logistics, and marketing intelligence. Retailers that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe may well expect to rake in substantial profits thereby. At least, that is how it looks as a whole. Closer inspection reveals important differences among the biggest national markets, especially in their customer segments and wholesale structures, as well as the competitive dynamics of individual food and drink categories. Big retailers must understand these differences before they can identify the segments of European wholesaling in which their particular abilities might unseat smaller but entrenched competitors. New skills and unfamiliar business models are needed too.[E] Despite variations in detail, wholesale markets in the countries that have been closely examined—France, Germany, Italy, and Spain—are made out of the same building blocks. Demand comes mainly from two sources: independent mom-and-pop grocery stores which, unlike large retail chains, are two small to buy straight from producers, and food service operators that cater to consumers when they don't eat at home. Such food service operators range from snack machines to large institutional catering ventures, but most of these businesses are known in the trade as "horeca": hotels, restaurants, and cafes. Overall, Europe's wholesale market for food and drink is growing at the same sluggish pace as the retail market, but the figures, when added together, mask two opposing trends.[F] For example, wholesale food and drink sales come to $268 billion in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom in 2000—more than 40 percent of retail sales. Moreover, average overall margins are higher in wholesale than in retail; wholesale demand from the food service sector is growing quickly as more Europeans eat out more often; and changes in the competitive dynamics of this fragmented industry are at last making it feasible for wholesalers to consolidate.[G] However, none of these requirements should deter large retailers (and even some large good producers and existing wholesalers) from trying their hand, for those that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe stand to reap considerable gains.41→42→43→44→E→45Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value. Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and, if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance.When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it .We invert excuses to give it economic importance. At the beginning of century songbirds were supposed to be disappearing. (46) Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them. the evidence had to be economic in order to be valid.It is painful to read these round about accounts today. We have no land ethic yet, (47) but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds. (48) Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on "worthless" species.Some species of tree have been read out of the party by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly, or have too low a sale vale to pay as timber crops. (49) In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such,within reason.To sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided. (50) It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning. It assumes, falsely, I think, that the economic parts of the biotic clock will function without the uneconomic parts.Section Ⅲ WritingPart A51. Directions:You are supposed to write for the postgraduate association a notice to recruit volunteers for an international conference on globalization, you should conclude the basic qualification of applicant and the other information you think relative.You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "postgraduate association" instead.Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSHWER SHEET 2. (20 points)2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题答案46.科学家们提出一些明显站不住脚的证据迅速来拯救，其大意是：如果鸟类无法控制害虫，那么这些害虫就会吃光我们人类。

2010考研英语真题Text1(答案解析)范文

Text 1①Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.【考点分析】灭绝师太常考（the most）本句的意思是"过去这些年英语报纸上所发生的最有影响力的变化的可能是艺术评论的在报道范围和严肃性的堕落".①It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers.②Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. ③To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.【考点分析】①to the point of "到...地步" ②转折常考，出21题。

2010年考研英语二真题全文翻译答案超详解析

2010 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案与解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析本文是取材于新闻报道，叙述了猪流感的爆发，产生的严重影响以及政府采取的针对性措施。

首段和第二段简述了猪流感的爆发引起世界各国的重视。

第三段引用专家的观点，认为瘟疫并不严重。

第四段和第五段以墨西哥及美国的情况为例，说明了猪流感的严重性和致命性。

第六段叙述了联邦政府针对猪流感的具体措施。

二、试题解析1.【答案】D【解析】上文提到“…was declared a global epidemic…”，根据declare 的逻辑（“宣布为”），可知应该选D 项designated“命名，制定”，而不是C 项commented“评论”，这是典型的近义词复现题目。

2．【答案】C【解析】本题目可依据“句意”找到意思线索，选出答案，难度在于出处句是个长难句。

本句的理解应该抓住alert、meeting 和a sharp rise 三者的关系，根据after a sharp rise 可知是rise（“病例数的增加”）是meeting（“日内瓦专家会议”）的原因，由此可推导出alert 并非是meeting 的原因，而是结果，即meeting 使得alert 升级。

根据上述分析可以排除B、D 选项，B 项activated“激活，激起”，D 项“促使，引起”，此两项的选择都在讲alert 导致了meeting的召开。

而C 项followed 意思是“紧随，跟在……之后”，体现出after 的逻辑，完全满足本句rise 之后是meeting，meeting 之后是alert 的逻辑，所以是正确项。

而A 项proceeded“继续”，属不及物动词，不可接宾语，用法和逻辑用在此处都不合适。

3．【答案】B【解析】本题目应该关注并列连词and，从并列呼应来看：空格后的表达in Britain…对应前面的in Australia，所以空格处rising _____ 应该对应a sharp rise in cases（“病例数的剧增”），因此空格处是“数量”的逻辑才对。

工程硕士研究生英语基础教程学生用书翻译部分unit-

工程硕士研究生英语基础教程学生用书翻译部分unit-工程硕士研究生英语基础教程学生用书翻译部分unit-————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：Unit 81、最近，我有一个朋友辞去了他公司里的那份工资高但要求也高的工作。

（quit）One friend of mine has decided to quit his highly-paid but demanding position in his company rec ently.2、她以烹饪美食为乐。

(take delight (in) doing sth.) She takes delight (in) cooking lovely meals.3、她要查寻是否给她预定了房间。

(reserve for)She wanted to check if there was a room reserved for her.4、当你打开立体图书，你肯定会打吃一惊。

(be in for)When you open the pop-up book, you’re in for a big surprise.5、他一生中的两大爱好是音乐和绘画。

(interest)His two great interests in life are music and painting.6、婚礼以后，我们就回到中国去，因为我们在那里工作，并且打算在那里生活。

(wedding) After the wedding we’l l be returning to China, where we work and plan to live.7、他们都饿了，因而感到饭菜喷香。

(smell)They were all hungry and the food smelt good.8、树越高，风越大。

2010英一(完整版)

绝密★启用前2010年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）（科目代码：201）☆考生注意事项☆1.答题前，考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生编号和考生姓名；在答题卡指定位置上填写报考单位、考生姓名和考生编号，并涂写考生编号信息点。

2.考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下，粘贴在答题卡的“试卷条形码粘贴位置”框中。

不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的，责任由考生自负。

3.选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。

超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。

4.填（书）写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚；涂写部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂。

5.考试结束，将答题卡和试题册按规定交回。

（以下信息考生必须认真填写）SectionⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark [A],[B],[C]or[D]on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points)In1924America's National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago.It hoped they would learn how shop-floor lighting __1__workers'productivity.Instead,the studies ended__2__giving their name to the "Hawthorne effect",the extremely influential idea that the very__3__of being experimented upon changed subjects'behavior.The idea arose because of the__4__behavior of the women in the plant. According to__5__of the experiments,their hourly output rose when lighting was increased,but also when it was dimmed.It did not__6__what was done in the experiment;__7__something was changed,productivity rose.A(n)__8__that they were being experimented upon seemed to be__9__to alter workers'behavior__10__ itself.After several decades,the same data were__11__to econometric analysis.The Hawthorne experiments had another surprise in store.__12__the descriptions on record,no systematic__13__was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting.It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may have led to __14__interpretation of what happed.__15__,lighting was always changed on a Sunday.When work started again on Monday,output__16__rose compared with the previous Saturday and__17__to rise for the next couple of days.__18__,a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Mondays.Workers__19__to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case,before__20__a plateau and then slackening off.This suggests that the alleged"Hawthorne effect"is hard to pin down.1.[A]affected[B]achieved[C]extracted[D]restored2.[A]at[B]up[C]with[D]off3.[A]truth[B]sight[C]act[D]proof4.[A]controversial[B]perplexing[C]mischievous[D]ambiguous5.[A]requirements[B]explanations[C]accounts[D]assessments6.[A]conclude[B]matter[C]indicate[D]work7.[A]as far as[B]for fear that[C]in case that[D]so long as8.[A]awareness[B]expectation[C]sentiment[D]illusion9.[A]suitable[B]excessive[C]enough[D]abundant10.[A]about[B]for[C]on[D]by11.[A]compared[B]shown[C]subjected[D]conveyed12.[A]Contrary to[B]Consistent with[C]Parallel with[D]Peculiar to13.[A]evidence[B]guidance[C]implication[D]source14.[A]disputable[B]enlightening[C]reliable[D]misleading15.[A]In contrast[B]For example[C]In consequence[D]As usual16.[A]duly[B]accidentally[C]unpredictably[D]suddenly17.[A]failed[B]ceased[C]started[D]continued18.[A]Therefore[B]Furthermore[C]However[D]Meanwhile19.[A]attempted[B]tended[C]chose[D]intended20.[A]breaking[B]climbing[C]surpassing[D]hittingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B, C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(40points)Text1Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century,perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers.Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the20th century and the eve of World War II,at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared.In those far-off days,it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered.Theirs was a serious business,and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly,like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman,could be trusted to know what they were about.These men believed in journalism as a calling,and were proud to be published in the daily press.“So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,”Newman wrote,“that I am tempted to define‘journalism’as‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are.’”Unfortunately,these critics are virtually forgotten.Neville Cardus,who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from1917until shortly before his death in1975,is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket.During his lifetime,though, he was also one of England’s foremost classical-music critics,a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography(1947)became a best-seller.He was knighted in1967, the first music critic to be so honored.Yet only one of his books is now in print,and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.Is there any chance that Cardus’s criticism will enjoy a revival?The prospect seems remote.Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death,and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized.Moreover,the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.21.It is indicated in Paragraphs1and2that___________[A]arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers.[B]English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews.[C]high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers.[D]young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies.22.Newspaper reviews in England before World War II were characterized by__________[A]free themes.[B]casual style.[C]elaborate layout.[D]radical viewpoints.23.Which of the following would Shaw and Newman most probably agree on?[A]It is writers'duty to fulfill journalistic goals.[B]It is contemptible for writers to be journalists.[C]Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.[D]Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing.24.What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs?[A]His music criticism may not appeal to readers today.[B]His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute.[C]His style caters largely to modern specialists.[D]His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition.25.What would be the best title for the text?[A]Newspapers of the Good Old Days[B]The Lost Horizon in Newspapers[C]Mournful Decline of Journalism[D]Prominent Critics in MemoryText2Over the past decade,thousands of patents have been granted for what are calledbusiness received one for its"one-click"online payment system.Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy.One inventor patented a technique for lifting a box.Now the nation's top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents,which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized10years ago.In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz,the U.S.Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents.Inre Bilski,as the case is known, is"a very big deal",says Dennis D.Crouch of the University of Missouri School of Law.It"has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents."Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face,because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with its1998decision in the so-called State Street Bank case,approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets.That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings,initially by emerging Internet companies trying to stake out exclusive rights to specific types of online ter,more established companies raced to add such patents to their files,if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch. In2005,IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than300 business-method patents despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them.Similarly,some Wall Street investment firms armed themselves with patents for financial products,even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice.The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market.The Federal Circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all12of the court's judges,rather than a typical panel of three,and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should"reconsider"its State Street Bank ruling.The Federal Circuit's action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the Supreme Court that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent st April,for example the justices signaled that too many patents were being upheld for "inventions"that are obvious.The judges on the Federal circuit are"reacting to the anti-patent trend at the Supreme Court",says Harold C.Wegner,a patent attorney and professor at George Washington University Law School.26.Business-method patents have recently aroused concern because of________[A]their limited value to business[B]their connection with asset allocation[C]the possible restriction on their granting[D]the controversy over authorization27.Which of the following is true of the Bilski case?[A]Its ruling complies with the court decisions[B]It involves a very big business transaction[C]It has been dismissed by the Federal Circuit[D]It may change the legal practices in the U.S.28.The word"about-face"(Line1,Para3)most probably means________[A]loss of good will[B]increase of hostility[C]change of attitude[D]enhancement of dignity29.We learn from the last two paragraphs that business-method patents________[A]are immune to legal challenges[B]are often unnecessarily issued[C]lower the esteem for patent holders[D]increase the incidence of risks30.Which of the following would be the subject of the text?[A]A looming threat to business-method patents[B]Protection for business-method patent holders[C]A legal case regarding business-method patents[D]A prevailing trend against business-method patentsText3In his book The Tipping Point,Malcolm Gladwell argues that“social epidemics”are driven in large part by the actions of a tiny minority of special individuals,often called influentials,who are unusually informed,persuasive,or well-connected.The idea is intuitively compelling,but it doesn't explain how ideas actually spread.The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible-sounding but largely untested theory called the"two-step flow of communication":Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else.Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials,those selected people will do most of the work for them. The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks,brands,or neighborhoods.In many such cases,a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing,promoting,or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention.Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trendsIn their recent work,however,some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed. In fact,they don't seem to be required at all.The researchers'argument stems from a simple observation about social influence:With the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media,not interpersonal,influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don't interact with that many others.Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who,according to the two-step-flow theory,are supposed to drive social epidemics by influencing their friends and colleagues directly.For a social epidemic to occur,however,each person so affected must then influence his or her own acquaintances,who must in turn influence theirs, and so on;and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential.If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant,for example,the cascade of change won't propagate very far or affect many people.Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence,the researchers studied the dynamics of social influence by conducting thousands of computer simulations of populations,manipulating a number of variables relating to people's ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced.They found that the principal requirement for what we is called"global cascades"—the widespread propagation of influence through networks—is the presence not of a few influentials but,rather,of acritical mass of easily influenced people.31.By citing the book The Tipping Point,the author intends to________[A]analyze the consequences of social epidemics[B]discuss influentials'function in spreading ideas[C]exemplify people's intuitive response to social epidemics[D]describe the essential characteristics of influentials.32.The author suggests that the"two-step-flow theory"________[A]serves as a solution to marketing problems[B]has helped explain certain prevalent trends[C]has won support from influentials[D]requires solid evidence for its validity33.What the researchers have observed recently shows that________[A]the power of influence goes with social interactions[B]interpersonal links can be enhanced through the media[C]influentials have more channels to reach the public[D]most celebrities enjoy wide media attention34.The underlined phrase"these people"in paragraph4refers to the oneswho________[A]stay outside the network of social influence[B]have little contact with the source of influence[C]are influenced and then influence others[D]are influenced by the initial influential35.what is the essential element in the dynamics of social influence?[A]The eagerness to be accepted[B]The impulse to influence others[C]The readiness to be influenced[D]The inclination to rely on othersText4Bankers have been blaming themselves for their troubles in public.Behind the scenes,they have been taking aim at someone else:the accounting standard-setters. Their rules,moan the banks,have forced them to report enormous losses,and it's just not fair.These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay,not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch.Unfortunately,banks'lobbying now seems to be working.The details may be unknowable,but the independence of standard-setters,essential to the proper functioning of capital markets,is being compromised.And,unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that attract buyers,reviving the banking system will be difficult.After a bruising encounter with Congress,America's Financial Accounting Standards Board(FASB)rushed through rule changes.These gave banks more freedom to use models to value illiquid assets and more flexibility in recognizing losses on long-term assets in their income statement.Bob Herz,the FASB's chairman, cried out against those who"question our motives."Yet bank shares rose and the changes enhance what one lobby group politely calls"the use of judgment by management."European ministers instantly demanded that the International Accounting Standards Board(IASB)do likewise.The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning,but the pressure to fold when it completes its reconstruction of rules later this year is strong.Charlie McCreevy,a European commissioner,warned the IASB that it did"not live in a political vacuum"but"in the real world"and that Europe could yet develop different rules.It was banks that were on the wrong planet,with accounts that vastly overvalued assets.Today they argue that market prices overstate losses,because they largely reflect the temporary illiquidity of markets,not the likely extent of bad debts. The truth will not be known for years.But bank's shares trade below their book value, suggesting that investors are skeptical.And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of banks which will not sell assets for fear of booking losses,yet are reluctant to buy all those supposed bargains.To get the system working again,losses must be recognized and dealt with. America's new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers find attractive.Successful markets require independent and evencombative standard-setters.The FASB and IASB have been exactly that,cleaning up rules on stock options and pensions,for example,against hostility from special interests.But by giving in to critics now they are inviting pressure to make more concessions.36.Bankers complained that they were forced to________[A]follow unfavorable asset evaluation rules[B]collect payments from third parties[C]cooperate with the price managers[D]revaluate some of their assets.37.According to the author,the rule changes of the FASB may result in________[A]the diminishing role of management[B]the revival of the banking system[C]the banks'long-term asset losses[D]the weakening of its independence38.According to Paragraph4,McCreevy objects to the IASB's attempt to________[A]keep away from political influences.[B]evade the pressure from their peers.[C]act on their own in rule-setting.[D]take gradual measures in reform.39.The author thinks the banks were"on the wrong planet"in that they________[A]misinterpreted market price indicators[B]exaggerated the real value of their assets[C]neglected the likely existence of bad debts.[D]denied booking losses in their sale of assets.40.The author's attitude towards standard-setters is one of________[A]satisfaction.[B]skepticism.[C]objectiveness[D]sympathyPart BDirections:For Questions41-45,choose the most suitable paragraphs from the list A-G and fill them into the numbered boxes to form a coherent text.Paragraph E has been correctly placed.There is one paragraph which does not fit in with the text.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points)[A]The first and more important is the consumer’s growing preference for eating out: the consumption of food and drink in places other than homes has risen from about32 percent of total consumption in1995to35percent in2000and is expected to approach38percent by2005.This development is boosting wholesale demand from the food service segment by4to5percent a year across Europe,compared with growth in retail demand of1to2percent.Meanwhile,as the recession is looming large,people are getting anxious.They tend to keep a tighter hold on their purse and consider eating at home a realistic alternative.[B]Retail sales of food and drink in Europe’s largest markets are at a standstill, leaving European grocery retailers hungry for opportunities to grow.Most leading retailers have already tried e-commerce,with limited success,and expansion abroad. But almost all have ignored the big,profitable opportunity in their own backyard:the wholesale food and drink trade,which appears to be just the kind of market retailers need.[C]Will such variations bring about a change in the overall structure of the food and drink market?Definitely not.The functioning of the market is based on flexible trends dominated by potential buyers.In other words,it is up to the buyer,rather than the seller,to decide what to buy.At any rate,this change will ultimately be acclaimed by an ever-growing number of both domestic and international consumers,regardless of how long the current consumer pattern will take hold.[D]All in all,this clearly seems to be a market in which big retailers could profitably apply their scale,existing infrastructure and proven skills in the management of product ranges,logistics,and marketing intelligence.Retailers that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe may well expect to rake in substantial profitsthereby.At least,that is how it looks as a whole.Closer inspection reveals important differences among the biggest national markets,especially in their customer segments and wholesale structures,as well as the competitive dynamics of individual food and drink categories.Big retailers must understand these differences before they can identify the segments of European wholesaling in which their particular abilities might unseat smaller but entrenched competitors.New skills and unfamiliar business models are needed too.[E]Despite variations in detail,wholesale markets in the countries that have been closely examined----France,Germany,Italy,and Spain-----are made out of the same building blocks.Demand comes mainly from two sources:independent mom-and-pop grocery stores which,unlike large retail chains,are two small to buy straight from producers,and food service operators that cater to consumers when they don’t eat at home.Such food service operators range from snack machines to large institutional catering ventures,but most of these businesses are known in the trade as“horeca”: hotels,restaurants,and cafes.Overall,Europe’s wholesale market for food and drink is growing at the same sluggish pace as the retail market,but the figures,when added together,mask two opposing trends.[F]For example,wholesale food and drink sales come to＄268billion in France, Germany,Italy,Spain,and the United Kingdom in2000-----more than40percent of retail sales.Moreover,average overall margins are higher in wholesale than in retail; wholesale demand from the food service sector is growing quickly as more Europeans eat out more often;and changes in the competitive dynamics of this fragmented industry are at last making it feasible for wholesalers to consolidate.[G]However,none of these requirements should deter large retailers(and even some large good producers and existing wholesalers)from trying their hand,for those that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe stand to reap considerable gains.41.→42.→43.→44.→E→45.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET2.(10 points)One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value.Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and,if its stability depends on its integrity,they are entitled to continuance.When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and,if we happen to love it.We invert excuses to give it economic importance.At the beginning of century songbirds were supposed to be disappearing.(46)Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them,the evidence had to be economic in order to be valid.It is painful to read these round about accounts today.We have no land ethic yet,(47)but we have at least drawn nearer the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right,regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds.(48)Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak,or that they prey only on“worthless”species.Some species of tree have been read out of the party by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly,or have too low a sale vale to pay as timber crops(49)In Europe,where forestry is ecologically more advanced,the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such,within reason.To sum up:a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided.(50)It tends to ignore,and thus eventually to eliminate,many elements in the land community that lack commercial value,but that are essential to its healthy functioning.It assumes,falsely,I think,that the economic parts of the biotic clock will function without the uneconomic parts.Section III WritingPart A51.Directions:You are supposed to write for the postgraduate association a notice to recruit volunteers for an international conference on globalization,you should conclude the basic qualification of applicant and the other information you think relative.You should write about100words.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e“postgraduate association”instead.Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of160-200words based on the following drawing.In your essay, you should1)describe the drawing briefly,2)explain its intended meaning,and then3)give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSHWER SHEET2.(20points)2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）真题参考答案1-5ABCBC6-10BDACD11-15CAADB16-20ADCBD21-25BADAB26-30CDCBA31-35BDACC36-40ADCBD41-45BFDGA【参考译文】46.科学家们立即拿出某些明显站不住脚的证据前来救驾，大致说的是，如果鸟儿不能控制害虫的话，害虫就会把我们吃掉。

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2010考研必备英语资料汇总贴：辅导书籍+辅导班视频+讲义1986-2009年历年英语真题及解析音频下载汇总：2010考研英语万能作文MP31992-2009年下载1986-2009年历年考研英语真题音频阅读+完型+英译汉+写作下载2010夏倚荣考研英语历年真题解析(1992-2009)音频下载2006-2009经济学家双语阅读汇总下载2009年经济学人杂志双语阅读汇总打包下载(word+pdf)更新至8月份经济学人双语阅读精选9月份汇总打包下载2006-2009年经济学家双语阅读汇总下载一：辅导书籍：词汇：2010宫东风教授考研英语词汇复习指南完整电子版下载2010年新东方刘一男考研词汇更新22-262010考研英语曾鸣张剑霍岩核心词汇说文解词完整版下载（409页）2010考研英语高频词汇课堂讲解MP3下载2010年迦思佑考研6000词逻辑辨证记忆完整电子版下载2010年考研英语词汇用法详解“新双博士”考点、记忆法、用法2010考研英语高频词汇课堂讲解MP3需要的请进新东方名师《2010考研英语分频词汇速记多媒体课堂》电子版下载2010考研英语大纲词汇考点、用法及解析mp3大家网独家下载2010年星火考研英语词汇词根+联想+图解记忆法2010考研必看--强烈推荐）100句话涵盖所有考研词汇总汇新东方大愚英语丛书考研英语核心词汇50天突破mp3下载新东方考研英语培训教材2010年考研英语词组必备大家网独家下载2010年考研英语词汇星火式巧记速记mp3大家网下载2010年考研英语词汇星火式巧记速记电子版下载2010年考研英语词汇速记宝典三部分全2010年星火考研考研英语词汇核心突破配套音频2010星火考研研英语词汇核心突破电子书下下载2010星火考研研英语词汇核心突破电子书上下载阅读：2010考研英语洞穿考研盘内容(王若平)下载徐老师送给2010考研同学的礼物：新概念第三册课文精读详解50篇徐绽考研英语阅读理解精读100篇（经济类）一张表搞定语法考研翻译冲刺必背单词唐静考研作文热点词汇2010王若平阅读手记2010星火考研英语五大题源报刊阅读150篇超精细完整版下载2010考研英语历年真题来源报刊阅读100篇--钟平2010年考研英语阅读命题思路透析及真题揭秘电子版下载2010宫东风阅读基础过关配套辅导书籍下载新东方考研英语培训教材2010考研英语分类阅读高分进阶(120篇)大家网独家2010年星火考研英语巅峰阅读100篇配套软件下载2010考试虫王若平阅读基础长难句过关（完整超清晰电子书）2010年硕士研究生英语入学考试阅读基本功难句过关王若平2010年新东方考研英语培训教材阅读真题语言注释与难句突破电子版下载写作：2010考研英语万能作文MP31992-2009年下载1995-2009年考研作文范文录音及文本下载2010年考研英语写作20天突破（考研英语命题研究组编）2010宫东风王军写作核心词汇配套辅导书籍下载2010年考研英语高分写作（框架、思维、语言三大层面突破）大家网首发2010年考研英语高分作文黄金模板[星火英语]2010《写作160篇》——网上增值服务资料免费下载2010星火英语考研英语易考范文背诵80篇光盘免费下载2010版《写作160篇》——连续四年命中写作原题真题：[原创]大家版词典级23套历年考研英语真题及答案(1986-2008年)[08年12月6日更新] 2010历年考研英语真题解析及复习思路-(曾鸣、张剑、刘京霄)历年考研英语真题解析及复习思路(张剑)2006-2005年电子版下载2010年考研英语必备王长喜超精细完整电子版下载2010考研英语真题考点与常见错误透析超精细完整电子版下载1994-2008年考研英语阅读真题mp3(含字幕)下载2009-2007年考研英语真题解析及复习思路--考研英语黄皮书（曾鸣，张剑）2010《考研真相》【MP3】+24年真题+10年真题彻底细解★☆★2010年考研英语十年真题点石成金完型、语法及翻译：2010年考研英语主观题40分攻略翻译与写作2010考研英语完型填空与填空式阅读电子版下载2010年新航道胡敏考研英语语法突破2010年考研英语新教程人大出版社张锦芯2010年新东方考研英语培训教材三步搞定翻译及难句张满胜大纲：2009年考研计算机学科专业基础综合考试大纲超精细完整版下载2009年考研教育学专业基础综合考试大纲超精细完整版下载2009年考研历史学基础考试大纲超精细完整版下载2009年考研农学类联考考试大纲超精细完整版下载2009年考研日语考试大纲超精细完整版下载2009年考研数学考试大纲超精细完整版下载2009年考研西医综合考试大纲超精细完整版下载2009年考研心理学科专业基础综合考试大纲超精细完整版下载2009年考研英语考试大纲超精细完整版下载2009年考研中医综合考试大纲超精细完整版下载2010年考研日语大纲超精细完整版下载2010年考研教育学大纲超精细完整版下载2010年考研计算机大纲超精细完整版下载二：辅导班视频+音频+讲义音频：2010年考研英语宫东风词汇复习指南朗读版mp3附字幕2010文都考研英语写作班下载2010考研教育网英语强化班作文mp3下载2010年考研教育网考研英语阅读五型音频下载2010夏倚荣考研英语历年真题解析(1992-2009)音频下载2010考研英语北京基础班精华录音下载2010考研英语写作核心词汇班录音下载2010年考研英语王国清语法班录音下载2010考研英语阅读基础班-宫东风2010年考研英语长难句精讲班2010考研英语精品词汇班面授录音2010启航英语基础班-阅读王若平2010领航英语导学课MP3录音-王轶群主讲淘金高阶英语词汇巧记MP3下载[/table]视频：辅导班视频都是陆续更新的，一个课程资料会陆续发成了好几个贴，大家稍微找一下，我会持续更新，有不全的，可以发新帖（不要跟帖）告诉我O(∩_∩)O~，我会尽量补全。

新东方：2010考研英语词汇基础班新东方俞敏洪2010考研政治强化中国近现代史纲要讲义2010年考研《思想政治理论考试大纲》变动解读任汝芬2010考研政治任汝芬新大纲解析班音频下载2010考研政治任汝芬新大纲解析班视频下载2010考研政治强化班近现代史纲要视频下载2010考研政治强化班中国近现代史纲要任汝芬系列mp3下载2010考研英语词汇基础班同步讲义新东方俞敏洪2010新东方考研英语强化班阅读更新8-312010新东方考研英语强化班阅读更新4-72010新东方刘一男词汇5500精讲32-392010新东方刘一男词汇5500精讲27-312010年新东方考研英语强化班写作视频2.3-4.32010考研英语刘一男词汇班视频1-17讲2010新东方考研英语完型讲解视频(完)下载2010年新东方考研英语写作班视频王江涛（全）下载2010年新东方印建坤十天速成语法班视频下载（全）2010年新东方考研英语基础班精品词汇视频下载（全）2010年新东方考研英语基础班精品翻译视频—唐静（全）下载2010年新东方考研英语基础班词汇5500刘一男视频(全)下载2010新东方英语基础班精品阅读视频下载（完）2010新东方考研完型视频新东方刘畅词汇6000视频下载考研英语语法10天速成视频下载（印建坤）[table]文都：2010文都考研英语强化提高班阅读视频下载2010文都考研英语强化班写作班视频1-8下载2010考研英语文都徐绽强化翻译视频下载1-42010文都考研英语基础班词汇背诵视频下载2010年文都考研英语写作基础班视频下载2010年文都考研英语基础班翻译视频下载2010年文都考研英语基础班综合视频下载2010年文都考研英语基础班翻译更新8-182010年文都考研英语基础班综合视频下载2010文都考研英语基础班视频-写作5-62010文都考研英语基础班视频-阅读徐绽1-152010考研英语春季词汇背诵班徐绽2010考研英语基础班徐绽春季阅读视频下载（05）2010年文都考研英语基础班综合视频下载宫东风：2010年海天考研英语精品课视频2010考研英语写作班讲义吴红云下载2010考研英语宫东风人信写作百题视频下载2010考研英语宫东风强化班写作吴红云视频下载2010考研英语宫东风阅读强化班视频下载(有更新)9.4 2010年考研名师基班政治班录音下载2010年考研英语全程班宫东风疑难句分析课官方视频下载2010考研英语全程班宫东风阅读基础班官方视频全下载2010考研英语王军写作词汇班视频下载2010宫东风考研英语导学班视频下载2010考研英语王国清语法班讲义下载太奇：2010年太奇考研英语强化班5视频下载2010年太奇考研英语强化班4视频下载2010年太奇考研英语强化班3视频下载2010年太奇考研英语强化班2视频下载2010年太奇考研英语强化班1视频下载2010考研英语夏徛荣强化网上补充课堂视频下载夏徛荣考研英语1800核心词汇音频夏徛荣考研英语作文一本通mp3下载讲义：2010年考研基础班词汇讲义（墨东博）2010吴耀武词汇班讲义2010考研英语丁晓钟春季词汇班讲义2010年考研英语徐绽网络词汇课堂班笔记2010新东方英语基础班讲义（词汇，阅读，完型，写作，语法）下载2010考研英语语法班讲义（王国清）2010考研英语培训班常考词汇词根前缀与后缀电子版下载徐绽考研英语翻译课讲义2009新东方考研英语翻译冲刺班录音+讲义2009新东方范猛阅读冲刺班录音。

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