必修三unit4_词汇

第四单元单词表1. contribute v. 贡献，捐赠2. charity n. 慈善3. funding n. 资金4. household n. 家庭5. budget n. 预算6. affordable adj. 负担得起的7. convince v. 使相信，说服8. facilitate v. 促进，帮助9. barrier n. 障碍10. motivate v. 激励，鼓舞11. privilege n. 特权，优待12. phenomenon n. 现象13. enthusiasm n. 热情，热忱14. crucial adj. 重要的，关键的15. crucially adv. 至关重要地16. reinforce v. 加强，强化17. appeal v. 呼吁，吸引18. tempting adj. 诱人的，吸引人的19. aspiration n. 志向，抱负20. generate v. 产生，带来这些词汇是《人教版高中英语必修三》第四单元的单词表，这一单元的主题是“慈善与勇气”，通过学习这些词汇，我们可以更好地理解和掌握本单元的内容。

接下来，让我们逐一解读这些单词的含义和用法。

1. contribute v. 贡献，捐赠这个词可以指个人或组织对某事物的贡献或捐赠。

例如：- Many people are willing to contribute money to charity.- She contributed a lot of time and effort to the project.2. charity n. 慈善Charity是一个名词，表示为了帮助贫困、病弱、孤寡等人而进行的慈善事业。

例如：- She has devoted her life to charity work.- The charity provides food and shelter for homeless people.3. funding n. 资金Funding指提供资金的行为或者资金本身。

Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars 单元要点预览语言要点Ⅰ.词语辨析Ⅱ.词性变化Ⅲ.重点词汇1. system n.[c] 系统；体系；制度；方法systematic adj 有系统的; 有条理的[典例]1). The solar system includes the sun and its eight planets. 太阳系包括太阳和它的八颗行星。

2). Alcohol is bad for your system. 喝酒对身体有害。

[练习] 根据句子的意思完成句子。

1). The ______ ______ (教育系统) operates very differently in the US and China.2). He introduced us a well-designed ______ ______ (铁路系统).2. lay vt. (laid, laid, laying) 把放下；摆设；铺(地毯) ；产(蛋)[典例]1). He laid his hand on my shoulder. 他把手放在我的肩上。

2). Who should we lay the blame on? 我们该责备谁?[重点用法] lay短语：lay eggs 下蛋lay sth. aside 把某物放在一边；积蓄（钱）lay sth. down 把某物放下lay the blame on sb.责备某人lay the table 摆桌子lay emphasis / stress on sth. 把重点放在某事上[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。

1). The bird ______ its eggs in other birds’ nests.2). He is a political leader that _____ _____ _____ _____ (非常强调) individual responsibility.3). He ______ some money ______ for rainy days.3. harmful adj. 有害的；伤害的harm n.&vt. 伤害（某人）[典例]Many people are aware of the harmful effects of smoking.很多人都意识到吸烟的危害。

必修三Unit41．mental adj.精神的；思想的→mentally ad v.精神地；思想地2．intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→intelligence n．智力；智慧；才智3．universe n．宇宙；天地万物→universal adj.普遍的；全体的；全世界的→universally ad v.全体地，一致地4．determine v t.查明；确定；决定→determined adj.意志坚定的；有决心的→determination n．决心；果断5．agency→n.(政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处→agent n．代理人；经纪人6．transmit v t.&v i.传输；发送→transmission n．传送；传递；发送；发射→transmitter n．发射机；发射台；传播者，传输者7．disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappoint v t.使失望；使沮丧→disappointment n．失望；沮丧8．desire n．渴望；欲望v t.渴望；期望→desirable adj.合意的；可取的；值得拥有的9．independent adj.独立的；自立的→independently ad v.独立地；自立地1．launch v t.&n.发射；发起；上市①The enemy launched an attack again.发起②The new model will be launched in July.上市③China will launch another satellite into space.发射④The official launch date is in May.上市，发行2．orbit n．(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围v t.&v i.沿轨道运行；环绕……运行①A new satellite has been put into orbit around the earth.轨道②You should come within his orbit.势力范围③The earth take a year to orbit the sun.环绕……运行3．signal v t.&v i标志者；标明；发信号n.信号；标志①At an agreed signal they left the room.信号②Don't fire until I signal.发信号③The announcement signalled a clear change of policy.标明Words And Phrases知识要点1determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的(教材P40)However，some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space.然而，一些科学家决意要帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。

必修三Unit4单词详解1.astronaut [ˈæstrənɔːt] n.宇航员；太空人astronomer n.天文学家2.procedure [prəˈsiːʤə] n.程序；步骤；手续process n. 过程；v.处理3.mental [ˈmɛntl] adj.精神的，思想的mentally adv. 精神地；思想地physical adj.物理的；身体的mental and physical health 身心健康4.centimeter(-tre）[ˈsentɪmiːtər] ））millimeter 毫米decimeter 分米kilometer 千米5.intelligent [ɪnˈtelɪʤənt] adj.有智慧的，聪明的，有智力的= wise →intelligence n. 智力；智慧= wisdom →intelligently adv. 有智慧地；聪明地；有智力地6.rocket [ˈrɒkɪt] n.火箭；火箭弹7.gravity [ˈgrævɪti] n.重力；引力→grave adj. 重大的；严重的n.坟墓8.frontier [ˈfrʌntɪə] n.边境；国界；边远地区；（尤指知识的）前沿；新领域9.vehicle [ˈviːɪkl] n.交通工具；车辆10.determined [dɪˈtɜːmɪnd] adj.有决心的;意志坚定的→determine vt.查明;确定;决定→determination n. 决定；决心；果断be determined to do=make up one’s mind to do=make a decision to do 决定做某事11.satellite [ˈsætəlaɪt] n.人造卫星；卫星unch [lɔːnʧ] n.&vt. 发射；发起；上市launch a satellite13.orbit [ˈɔːbɪt] n.(环绕地球、太阳等运行的) 轨道；势力范围；vi.&vt.环绕……运行14.giant [ˈʤaɪənt] adj.巨大的；伟大的；n.巨人；巨兽；伟人15.leap [liːp] n.跳跃；剧增；剧变；vi.&vt.跳过；跃过(leap-leapt-leapt/ leap-leaped-leaped)a great/giant leap 巨大的飞跃16.mankind [mænˈkaɪnd] n.人类17.agency [ˈeɪʤənsi] n.专门机构；服务机构；代理处→agent n.代理人；经纪人travel agent18.transmit [trænzˈmɪt] vi. &vt.传输；发送→transmission n. 传输；发送19.data [ˈdeɪtə] n.[pl.] 资料；数据database n.数据库20.on board 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上board n.木板v.上船；登机21.spacecraft [ˈspeɪskrɑːft] n.航天器；字宙飞船spacewalk [ˈspeɪswɔːk] n.太空行走22.disappointed [ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd] adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappoint v. 使失望；使沮丧→disappointing adj. 令人失望的；令人沮丧的→disappointment n. 失望；沮丧23.desire [dɪˈzaɪə] n.渴望;欲望；vt.渴望;期望→desirable adj. 可取的;值得拥有的desire for= long for 渴望desire to do sth= long to do sth 渴望做某事24.universe [ˈjuːnɪvɜːs] n.宇宙;天地万物→universal adj. 普遍的;全体的;全世界的25.carry on 继续做，坚持干carry out 实施carry through 度过难关26.27.independently [ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəntli] adv.独立地；自立地→independent adj.独立的；自立的→independence n. 独立；自立→depend vi. 依赖；依靠28.jade [ʤeɪd] n.玉；翡翠；玉器29.dock[dɑːk] v.（两架航天器）对接；进港n.码头；船坞dock with 与...对接30.module/ ˈmɒdʒuːl / n.舱；组件；模块31.signal [ˈsɪgnl] vi. &vt.标志着；标明；发信号；n.信号；标志→sign n.迹象；符号；记号32.in the hope of doing... 抱着……的希望hopeful hopeless33.so as to (do sth) 为了；以便=in order to do sth34.recycle [ˌriːˈsaɪkl] vt.回收利用；再利用reuse v. 再次利用；重复使用35.muscle [ˈmʌsl] n.肌肉；实力；影响力political/financial muscle 政治/金融影响力ck [læk] n.缺乏；短缺= shortage；vt.没有；缺乏→lacking adj. 匮乏的；缺乏的“缺乏；缺少...”（vt.）lack sth. lack confidence/determination（n.）lack of sth. a lack of food/money/experience（adj.）be lacking in sth. She is lacking in courage.37.float [fləʊt] vi.浮动；漂流；漂浮；vt.使浮动；使漂流floating adj.流动的；浮动的38.otherwise [ˈʌðəwaɪz] adv.否则；要不然39.beyond [bɪˈjɒnd] prep.在更远处；超出beyond doubt/question 毫无疑问beyond words无法用言语表达beyond belief 难以置信beyond recognition认不出beyond expectation 超出预期beyond control无法控制40.solar [ˈsəʊlə] adj.太阳的；太阳能的→solar system [ˈsəʊlə ˈsɪstɪm] 太阳系；类太阳系41.current [ˈkʌrənt] adj.当前的；现在的=present；n.水流；电流；思潮→currently adv.目前；当前currency n.货币；通货42.figure out 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白figure n.人物；身材；数字work out 算出；解决；锻炼set out 出发；动身make out理解；弄清give out 分发break out （战争；灾难；疾病）爆发43.sufficient [səˈfɪʃənt] adj.足够的；充足的= enough →insufficient adj. 不足的44.soap [səʊp] n.肥皂45.towel [ˈtaʊəl] n.毛巾；抹布46.microwave [ˈmaɪkrəweɪv] n. (also microwave oven) 微波炉47.tissue [ˈtɪʃuː] n.纸巾；(人、动值物细胞的)组织48.facility [fəˈsɪlɪti] n.设施；设备equipment n.设备；装备（不可数）49.keen [kiːn] adj.热衷的；渴望的be keen on 热衷于；喜爱50.globe [ˈgləʊb] n.地球；世界；地球仪→global adj. 全球的；全世界的51.argue [ˈɑːgjuː] vt. &vi.论证；争辩；争论→argument n.争论；争吵；论点argue with sb about/over sth. 与某人争论某事beyond argument 无可争议52.fatal [ˈfeɪtl] adj.致命的= deadly；灾难性的→fate n. 命运53.shallow [ˈʃæləʊ] adj.肤浅的= superficial；浅的（opp）deep54.result in 导致；造成= lead to= bring about= contribute to= give rise toas a result 结果(是)55.pattern [ˈpætən] n.模式；模范；图案56.analysis [əˈnæləsɪs] n. (pl. Analyses [əˈnæləsiːz] )分析;分析结果→analyze(se) vt. 分析57.high-end [haɪ-ɛnd] 高端的-talents/market/brand/technology (opp) low-end低端的58.monitor [ˈmɒnɪtə] n.监视器；监测仪；班长vt.监视；监测；监控59.regularly [ˈrɛgjʊləli] adv.经常；定期地= on a regular basis→regular [ˈrɛgjʊlə] adj.定期的；经常的；正常的60.foam [fəʊm] n.泡沫橡胶；泡沫61.pillow [ˈpɪləʊ] n.枕头62.smartphone [ˈsmɑːtfəʊn] n.智能手机63.resource [rɪˈsɔːs] n.资源；财力；物力natural resources自然资源source n.来源；出处64.limited [ˈlɪmɪtɪd] adj.有限的→limit n. 限度；限制；vt. 限制；限定→limitless adj. 无限的unlimited adj.任意多的；无限制的limitation n.限制You are allowed unlimited access to the reading room.你可以无限制使用阅读室。

必修三Unit4 必背单词和词块(一)背阅读单词——会认就行(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)1.procedure n．程序；步骤；手续2．mental adj. 精神的；思想的3．gravity n. 重力；引力4．frontier n. 边境；国界；边远地区5．vehicle n. 交通工具；车辆6．launch vt.&n. 发射；发起；上市7．recycle vt. 回收利用；再利用8．current adj. 当前的；现在的n. 水流；电流；思潮9．sufficient adj. 足够的；充足的10．facility n. 设施；设备11．fatal adj. 致命的；灾难性的12．mystery n. 神秘事物；谜(二)背重点单词——写对才行1．desire n. 渴望；欲望vt. 渴望；期望2．signal vt.&vi. 标志着；标明；发信号n. 信号；标志3．lack n. 缺乏；短缺vt. 没有；缺乏4．float vi.浮动；漂流；漂浮vt. 使浮动；使漂流5．otherwise adv. 否则；要不然6．beyond prep. 在更远处；超出7．keen adj. 热衷的；渴望的8．shallow adj. 肤浅的；浅的9．pattern n. 模式；图案；模范10．analysis n. (对事物的)分析；分析结果11．monitor n. 监视器；监测仪vt. 监视；监测；监控12．resource n. 资源；财力；物力13．attach vt. 系；绑；贴(三)背拓展单词——用准才行1．Intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→intelligence n．智力；聪明；智能2．determine vt.查明；确定；决定→determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的→determination n．决心；决定3．disappoint vt.使失望→disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointment n．失望4．independent adj.独立的；自立的→independently adv.自立地；独立地→independence n．独立5．globe n．地球；世界；地球仪→global adj.全球性的；全世界的6．argue vt.&vi.论证；争辩；争论→argument n．争论；争吵；论点7．regular adj.定期的；经常的；正常的→regularly adv.经常；定期地8．limit n．限制；极限；界限vt.限制→limited adj.有限的→limitless adj.无限的[语境活用]1．Since the country became independent in 1842, it has played an important role independently.(independent) 2．A person's life is limited but knowledge is limitless.(limit)3．Artificial intelligence has been used in phones, which makes them seem to be intelligent.(intelligent)4．She is a determined girl, so we know that once she has determined to do something, she will make her dream come true with great determination.(determine)5．To my disappointment,_I saw a disappointed expression on his face due to his disappointing testscore.(disappoint)6．He argued against smoking, and insisted that it was beyond argument that smoking was harmful to health.At last, he argued us out of smoking.(argue)(四)背高频单词——先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行1．determine vt.查明；确定；决定2．disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望3．desire n．4．lack n．缺乏；短缺vt.没有；缺乏5．argue vt.& vi.论证；争辩；争论(五)背短语词块——表达出彩，需多积词块才行单元短语再认再现1．carry on继续做，坚持干2．on board 在宇宙飞船上；在船(飞机)上3．in the hope of doing_sth. 抱着……的希望4．so as to (do sth.) 为了；以便5．figure out 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白6．result in 导致；造成7．as a result 所以；结果(是)8．provide for sb. 提供生活所需9．in closing 最后10．run out 用完；耗尽重点短语拓展用活1．result in导致；造成2．run out用完；耗尽(六)背主题写作——好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”议论文：太空探索是否值得？【题目要求】最近，你班同学就“太空探索是否值得”这一话题展开了一场讨论。

必修三Unit 4 Astronomy：the Science Of The Stars天文学:恒星的科学No one knows exactly how the earth began, as it happened so long ago。

由于地球的产生是那么的久远，所以没有人确切知道地球是怎样产生的。

【注释：as it happened 碰巧 eg. They were all out, as it happened.真巧，他们全出去了。

】However, according to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a “Big Bang”that threw matter in all directions。

然而，根据一个广泛接受的理论，宇宙开始于一次“创世大爆炸”，该爆炸将物质抛向各个方向。

【注释：in all directions四面八方；各个方向 eg. The birds flew away in all directions when he fired a salute with a“bang”.当他“砰”的一声鸣礼炮时，鸟飞向各个方向。

】 After that, atoms began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies。

之后，原子开始形成,并结合形成恒星和其他物体。

For several billion years after the “Big Bang”, the earth was still just a cloud of dust。

就在“宇宙大爆炸”之后的几十亿年间，地球依然是一团尘埃.What it was to become was uncertain until between 4。

5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe。

词汇表必修三Unit41. astronaut n. 宇航员;太空人2. procedure n. 程序;步骤;手续3. m ental adj 精神的;思想的4. cm abbr (centimetre/ senti: (r)or centimeter)厘米5. intelligent adj. 有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的6. rocket n. 火箭;火箭弹7. gravity n. 重力;引力8. frontier n. 边境;国界;边远地区9. vehicle n. 交通工具;车辆10. universe n. 宇宙;天地万物11. determined adj. 有决心的;意志坚定的12. determine vt. 查明;确定;决定13. satellite n. 人造卫星;卫星14. aunch n. 发射;发起;上市15. orbit n. (环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道;势力范围vt.＆vi.沿轨道运行;环绕…运行16. giant adj. 巨大的;伟大的n.巨人;巨兽;伟人17. leap n. 跳跃;剧增;剧变(leapt, leapt /lept/or leaped, leaped vt.＆vi.跳过;跃过18. mankind n. 人类19. agency n. (政府的)专门机构;服务机构;代理处20. transmit vt.＆vi.传输;发送21. data n. [pl.]资料;数据22. disappointed adj. 失望的;沮丧的23. desire n. 渴望;欲望vt.渴望;期望24. carry on继续做，坚持干25. ongoing adj. 持续存在的;仍在进行的;不新发展的26. on board 在宇宙飞船上;在船上;在飞机上27. independently adv. 独立地;自立地28. independent adj. 独立的;自立的29. spacecraft n. 航天器;宇宙飞船30. spacewalk n. 太空行走;太空行走的时间31. jade n. 玉;翠;玉器32. dock vi.＆vt.(两架航天器)对接;(使)……进港.码n头;船坞33. signal vt.＆vi.标志着;标明;发信号n.信号;标志34. in the hope of doing sth抱着……的希望35. so as to (do sth)为了;以便36. recycle vt. 回收利用;再利用37. muscle n. 肌肉;实力;影响力38. lack n. 缺乏;短缺.没有;缺乏39. float vi. 浮动;源流;源浮；vt使浮动;使漂流40. otherwise adv. 否则;要不然41. beyond prep.在更远处;超出42. solar adj. 太阳的;太阳能的43. solar system太阳系;类太阳系44. current adj. 当前的;现在的n.水流;电流;思潮45. figure out弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白46. sufficient adj. 足够的;充足的47. soap n. 肥皂48. towel n. 毛巾;抹布49. microwave n.( also microwave oven)微波炉50. tissue n. 纸巾;(人、动植物细胞的组织)51. facility n. 设施;设备52. keen adj. 热衷的;渴望的53. globe n. 地球;世界;地球仪54. argue vt.＆vi.论证;争辩;争论55. argument n. 争论;争吵;论点56. fatal adj. 致命的;灾难性的57. shallow adj. 肤浅的;浅的58. result in导致;造成59. pattern n. 模式;图案;模范60. analysis n (pl analyses )(对事物的)分析;分析结果61. as a result 所以;结果(是)62. high- end adj. 高端的63. monitor n. 监视器;监测仪vt.监视;监测;监控64. regularly adv. 经常;定期地65. regular adj. 定期的;经常的;正常的66. foam n. 泡沫橡胶;泡沫67. pillow n. 枕头68. smartphone n. 智能手机69. resource n. 资源;财力;物力70. imited adj. 有限的71. provide for sb提供生活所需72. closing adj. 结尾的;结東的n.停业;关闭;倒闭73. in closing 最后74. mystery n. 神秘事物;迷75. run out用完;耗尽76. attach vt. 系;綁;贴77. oxygen n. 氧;氧气78. Sputnik 1 “旅伴一号”(苏联发射的人类第一颗人造卫星)79. the USSR abbr. the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics苏联80. Yuri Gagarin 尤里・加加林(苏联宇航员)81. Neil Armstrong/'niol ' a: strop/尼尔・阿姆斯特朗(美国宇航员)82. NASA abbr. National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration (美国)国家航空与航天局83. Voyager1 “旅行者一号”84. Soyuz 11 “联盟11号85. Challenger “挑战者”号航天飞机86. the International Space Station国际空间站87. Jade Rabbit “玉兔”月球车88. Mars n. 火星89. Jupiter n. 木星90. Typhoon Goni 合风天鹅91. GPS abbr. global positioning system全球(卫星)定位系统。

高一英语必修三unit4第四单元知识点词汇部分wildlife /'waildlaif/ n.野生动植物protection /pr?'tek?n/ n.保护wild /waild/ adj.野生的；野的；未开发的；荒凉的habitat /'h?bit?t/n.栖息地（动植物的）自然环境threaten /'θret?n/ vt. & vi.恐吓；威胁decrease /di'kri:s/ vi. & vt.减少；（使）变小；或变少endanger /in'deind??/ vt.危害；使受到危险die out 灭亡；逐渐消失loss /l?s/ n.损失；遗失；丧失reserve /ri'z?:v/ n.保护区hunt /h?nt/ vt. & vi.打猎；猎取；搜寻zone /z?un/ n.地域；地带；地区in peace 和平地；和睦地；安详地in danger (of) 在危险中；垂危species /'spi:?i:z/ n.种类；物种carpet /'kɑ:pit/ n.地毯respond /ri'sp?nd/ vi.回答；响应；做出反应distant /'dist?nt/ adj.远的；远处的fur /f?:/ n.毛皮；毛；软毛antelope /'?ntil?up/ n.羚羊Zimbabwe /zim'ba:bwei/ n．津巴布韦(非洲东南部国家)relief /ri'li:f/ n.（痛苦或忧虑的）减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物in relief 如释重负；松了口气laughter /'lɑ:ft?/ n.笑；笑声burst into laughter 突然笑起来；大声笑了出来mercy /'m?:si/ n.仁慈；宽恕；怜悯certain /'s?:tn/ adj.确定的；某一；一定importance /im'p?:t?ns/ n.重要（性）WWF (World Wildlife Fund) 世界野生生物基金会rub /r?b/ vt.擦；摩擦protect … from 保护……不受……（危害）mosquito /m?'ski:t?u/ n.蚊子millipede /'milipi:d/ n．(=millepede)千足虫insect /'insekt/ n.昆虫contain /k?n'tein/ vt.包含；容纳；容忍powerful /'pau?fl/ adj.强大的；有力的affect /?'fekt/ vt.影响；感动；侵袭attention /?'ten?n/ n.注意；关注；注意力pay attention to 注意appreciate /?'pri:?ieit/ vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到succeed /s?k'si:d/ vi.成功vt.接替；继任Indonesia /ind?u'ni: ??;-zi?/ n．印度尼西亚(东南亚岛国) rhino /'rain?u/ n.犀牛secure /si'kju?/ adj.安全的；可靠的income /'i?k?m; 'ink?m/ n.收入employ /im'pl?i/ vt.雇用；利用（时间、精力等）harm /hɑ:m/ n. & vt.损害；危害Milu deer麋鹿bite /bait/ vt. & vi.(bit,bitten) 咬；叮；刺痛extinction /ik'sti?k?n/ n.灭绝；消亡dinosaur /'dain?s?:/ n.恐龙come into being 形成；产生county /'kaunti/ n.县；郡inspect /in'spekt/ vt.检查；视察unexpected /?nik'spektid/ adj.没料到的；意外的incident /'insid?nt/ n.事件；事变dust /d?st/ n.灰尘；尘土；尘埃according to 按照；根据……所说Mauritius /m?'ri??s/ n．毛里求斯(非洲东部岛国) disappearance /dis?'pi?r?ns/ n.消失fierce /fi?s/ adj.凶猛的；猛烈的so that 以致于；结果ending /'endi?/ n.结局；结尾faithfully /'feiθf?li/ adv.忠诚地；忠实地Colobus /'k?l?b?s/ monkey (非洲产)疣猴，髯猴词组部分1. as a result结果As a result of= because of 由于result in = cause导致result form 由于2. die out （动，植物物种）灭绝die o 死于…（多内因）die from死于…（多外因）die dow变弱；逐渐消失 be dying for 渴望得到…3. be at a loss = be puzzled at =be confused迷惑的，不解的suffer a loss (of) 蒙受损失 make up for a loss 弥补损失be lost in one’s thought(陷入沉思) lose heartlose one’s heart to sb4.in peace 平静的（地）；安静的（地）in silence/ in quiet/in surprise/in a hurry5.hunting for搜索; 搜寻6.be in danger of 有… 危险be out of danger脱离危险endangered adj. 濒危的 dangerous 危险的7.have / give an effect on / upon …take effect(生效)come / go into effect 生效；实施8.be concerned about担心.关心，挂念 9. get dressed穿上衣服get done强调动作，不能和表一段时间的状语连用;be done 表状态10.turn round : 转过去，围绕…旋转11.apply to应用be applied to被应用于apply for请求,申请….. apply to sb. for sth.12.protect ……from保护…..免受….危害prevent from阻止（stop/ keep from）13.have aeffect on对...有影响14.with a sad face looking at her. with + 宾语(O) + 宾语补足语/doc/dd5261298.html,e into being: 形成；产生；开始存在come into use：开始被使用come into one’s mind / head: 突然想到come into fashion: 开始流行come into consideration: 开始考虑必背知识点1. If the ir habitat is threatened or they can’t find enough food, their numbers may decrease. 如果他们的栖息地受到威胁或者他们找不到足够的食物，他们的数目就可能减少。

英语必修三单词Unit４astronomy n.天文学△astronomer n.天文学家△solar adj.太阳的；日光的system n.系统；体系；制度solar system太阳系religion n.宗教；宗教信仰theory n.学说；理论△Big Bang宇宙大爆炸；创世大爆炸atom n.原子billion pron. n. adj.英万亿；美十亿globe n.球体；地球仪；地球△global adj.全球性的；全世界的violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的02in time 及时；终于carbon n.碳△nitrogen n.氮△vapour n.(=vapor)蒸气；水蒸气atmosphere n.大气层；气氛unlike prep.不同；不像fundamental adj.基本的；基础的△presence n.出席；到场；存在△dissolve vt. vi.溶解；解散harmful adj.有害的acid n.酸chain n.链子；连锁；锁链△reaction n.反应；回应multiply vi. vt.乘；增加oxygen n.氧△shellfish n.水生有壳动物△amphibian n.两栖动物△reptile n.爬行动物；爬虫lay eggs 下蛋△dinosaur n.恐龙exist vi.存在；生存△mammal n.哺乳动物give birth to 产生；分娩thus adv.因此；于是in one’s turn 轮到某人；接着dioxide n.二氧化物carbon dioxide二氧化碳prevent...from 阻止；制止03puzzle n.谜；难题vt. vi.（使）迷惑；（使）为难biology n.生物学biologist n.生物学家gravity n.万有引力；重力satellite n.卫星；人造卫星gentle adj.温和的；文雅的△geologist n.地质学家physicist n.物理学家block out 挡往（光线）△extinct adj.灭绝的；绝种的climate n.气候△comet n.彗星crash vi. vt.碰撞；坠落△Isaac Newton 艾萨克·牛顿△Albert Einstein 阿尔伯特•爱因斯坦△Stephen Hawking 斯蒂芬•霍金（英国科学家）04spaceship n.宇宙飞船pull n. vt.拉（力）；拖；牵引力△lessen vi. vt.减少；减轻cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋float vi. vt.（使）浮动；（使）漂浮n.漂浮物△weightlessly adv.失重地△cabin n.小屋；船舱now that 既然△get the hang of 熟悉；掌握；理解break out 突发；爆发△exhaust vt.用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽watch out 密切注视；当心；提防。

Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars一、刷黑板——词汇全听写(先过识记默写关)Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写] 1．astronomy n．天文学2．astronomer n. 天文学家3．solar adj.太阳的；日光的4．billion pron.&n.& adj.〈英〉万亿；〈美〉十亿5．carbon n. 碳6．dissolve v t.& v i.溶解；解散7．acid n. 酸[第二屏听写]8．mammal n．哺乳动物9．dioxide n. 二氧化物10．extinct adj.灭绝的；绝种的11．lessen v i.& v t.减少；减轻12．weightlessly ad v. 失重地13．solar system 太阳系14．carbon dioxide 二氧化碳_[第三屏听写]Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)1．system n．系统；体系；制度2．religion n. 宗教；宗教信仰3．theory n. 学说；理论4．violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的5．atmosphere n. 大气层；气氛6．unlike prep. 与……不同；不像7．fundamental adj.基本的；基础的[第四屏听写]8．presence n．出席；到场；存在9．harmful adj.有害的10．chain n. 链子；连锁；锁链11．reaction n. 反应；回应12．multiply v i.& v t.乘；增加13．oxygen n. 氧14．exist v i.存在；生存15．thus ad v. 因此；于是[第五屏听写]16．puzzle n．谜；难题v t.& v i.(使)迷惑；(使)为难17．biology n. 生物学18．biologist n. 生物学家19．gravity n. 万有引力；重力20．satellite n. 卫星；人造卫星21．gentle adj.温和的；文雅的[第六屏听写] 22．physicist n．物理学家23．climate n. 气候24．crash v i.& v t.碰撞；坠落25．spaceship n. 宇宙飞船26．pull n．& v t.拉(力)；拖；牵引力27．float v i.& v t.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮n. 漂浮物[第七屏听写]28．globe n．球体；地球仪；地球29．exhaust v t.用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽30．in_time 及时；终于31．lay_eggs 下蛋32．give_birth_to 产生；分娩33．in_one's_turn 轮到某人34．prevent_..._from 阻止；制止[第八屏听写]35．block_out挡住(光线)36．cheer_up 感到高兴；感到振奋37．now_that 既然38．break_out 突发；爆发39．watch_out_for 密切注意；当心；提防40．get_the_hang_of 熟悉；掌握；理解二、刷清单——热身自盘点(再过基本应用关) (一)核心单词(二)常用短语同特征一、过重点单词——纵引横联超人一点1．harmful adj.有害的[教材原句]What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.很多科学家相信，由于地球上长期有水存在，使地球得以把有害气体和酸性物质溶解在海洋里。

Unit 4Astronomy：the science of the starsⅠ.单词语境记忆1．exist in space存在于太空2．crash into a truck 撞上一辆卡车3．float on the surface of the water 漂浮在水面上4．pull out my tooth 拔掉我的牙齿5．masses of work 一大堆的工作6．in that cold climate在如此寒冷的气候条件下7．create a comfortable atmosphere创造一种舒适的气氛8．more than one billion dollars 十亿多美元Ⅱ.词性转换与派生记忆1．puzzle n．谜；难题→v t.& v i.(使)迷惑；(使)为难2．religion n．宗教；宗教信仰→religious adj.宗教的3．theory n．学说；理论→theoretical adj.理论的，理论性的4．violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→violence n．暴力→violently ad v.暴力地；猛烈地5．harmful adj.有害的→harm n．& v．伤害→harmless adj.无害的6．exist v i.存在；生存→existence n．存在；生存7．puzzle v i.& v t.(使)迷惑；(使)为难n．谜；难题→puzzled adj.迷惑不解的→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的8．biology n．生物学→biologist n．生物学家Ⅲ.单词趣味串记1．Tom was in violent pain.As a result，he behaved violently and treated everything with violence.汤姆处于极度痛苦之中，因此他表现得很粗暴，一切都以暴力对待。

Unit4astronomy /'strnmi/ n. 天文学astronaut n 宇航员△a stronomer /'strnm/ n. 天文学家△s olar /'sul/ adj. 太阳的；日光的system /'sistm/ n.系统；体系；制度solarsystem 太阳系religion /ri'lidn/ n. 宗教；宗教信仰religious adj 宗教的 theory /' θiri/n.学说；理论△BigBang 宇宙大爆炸；创世大爆炸atom /'tm/ n. 原子billion /'biljn/ pron.&n.&adj. 十亿globe /ɡ lub/n.球体；地球仪；地球△g lobal /' ɡ lubl/adj.全球性的；全世界的violent /'vailnt/ adj. 猛烈的；激烈的violence n 暴力intime 及时；终于in time to do sth 及时干某事；终于干某事on time 按时ahead of time 提前at the same time 同时at a time 依次；每次at one time 有一次；曾经for the time being 暂时 inno time 立刻at no time/in no way/ by no means 绝不over time 经过一段时间at times= sometimes 有的时候 take one’s time 别着急carbon /'k ɑ :bn/n.碳△n itrogen /'naitrdn/ n. 氮△v apour/'veip/n.(vapor) 蒸气；水蒸气atmosphere /'tmsfi/ n. 大气层；气氛unlike /n'laik/ prep. 不同；不像dislike v 不喜欢fundamental/fnd'mentl/adj. 基本的；基础的fundament n 基础be fundamental to⋯对⋯是基础△p resence/'prezns/ n.出席；到场；存在present adj 出席的in the presence of 在⋯在场的情况下be present at 出席be absent from 缺席△d issolve/di'zlv/ vt.&vi. 溶解；解散harmful/'h ɑ :mful/adj有.害的be harmful to⋯=do harm to⋯=harm ⋯ =do ⋯harm 对⋯有害acid/'sid/ n. 酸chain/tein/ n. 链子；连锁；锁链△r eaction/ri'kn/ n. 反应；回应multiply/'mltiplai/ vi.&vt.乘；增加oxygen/'ksidn/ n.氧△s hellfish/'elfi/ n. 水生有壳动物△a mphibian/m'fibin/ n. 两栖动物△r eptile/'reptail/ n. 爬行动物；爬虫layeggs 下蛋lie-lied-lied 说谎lie-lay-lain 躺lay-laid-laid 搁置；下蛋△d inosaur/'dains:/ n. 恐龙exist/iɡ 'zist/vi.存在；生存(不及物，无被动，无进行) existence n 存在exist in⋯存在于⋯中exist on⋯靠⋯而存在exist as⋯作为⋯而存在There exist(s)=There be△m ammal/'mml/ n. 哺乳动物givebirthto 产生；分娩thus/es/ adv.因此；于是 , and therefore⋯ ...so .... Thus⋯, hence+书面语言He lost his way, and therefore he was late. He lost his way, so he was late. Helost his way. Thus he was late. Helost his way, hence he was late.besides 并且，而且however 但是；然而otherwise 否则；在其他方面anyway 无论如何；不管怎样somehow 莫名其妙地；不知怎么地somewhat 有几分；有点instead 而是；代替地是inone ’ sturn轮到某人；接着in turn 轮流，反过来轮到某人，接着by turns 轮流，交替take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事It ’ s one ’ s turn to do轮sth到某.人做某事dioxide/dai'ksaid/ n. 二氧化物carbondioxide 二氧化碳prevent⋯from doing=stop⋯from doing 阻止⋯干某事；puzzle/'pzl/ n. 谜；难题vt.&vi. （使）迷惑puzzling adj 令人费解的puzzled adj 困惑的puzzle about/over ⋯对⋯感到迷惑puzzle ⋯ out 试图解答⋯biology/bai'ldi/ n. 生物学biologist/bai'ldist/ n. 生物学家gravity/' ɡ rvti/n.万有引力；重力satellite/'stlait/ n. 卫星；人造卫星gentle/'dentl/ adj. 温和的；文雅的gently adv 温和地；文雅地gentleman n 绅士△g eologist/di'ldist/ n. 地质学家geology n 地理physicist/'fizisist/ n. 物理学家physics n 物理blockout 挡住（光线）block n 街区v阻止；阻塞adj 大块的；成批的；阻塞的△e xtinct/ik'stikt/ adj. 灭绝的；绝种的extinction n 灭绝；消灭extinguish v 消灭；灭亡；熄灭climate/'klaimit/ n. 气候△c omet/'kmit/n. 慧星crash/kr/ vi.&vt. 碰撞；坠落 crash(sth) into⋯让(某物 )撞上⋯△I saacNewton/'aizk'nju:tn/ 艾萨克·牛顿△A lbertEinstein/'lbt'ainstain/ 阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦△S tephenHawking /'sti:vn'h:ki/ 斯蒂芬·霍金spaceship/'speisip/ n.宇宙飞船pull/pul/ n.&vt. 拉（力）；拖；牵引力push n&v 推pull ⋯ up 把⋯向上拉pull ⋯ back 使⋯退却pull ⋯ down 使⋯虚弱pull up 停下pull through 度过难关pull in 停车pull together 齐心协力△l essen/'lesn/ vi.&vt. 减少；减轻cheerup 感到高兴；感到振奋cheer n 欢呼声；喝彩声v欢呼；喝彩；鼓舞cheerful adj 兴高采烈的cheerless adj 不高兴的cheers! 干杯cheer for⋯为⋯欢呼cheer ⋯ on 为⋯加油float/flut/ vi.&vt. （使）浮动；（使）漂浮n.漂浮物△w eightlessly/'weitlisli/ adv. 失重地△c abin/'kbin/ n. 小屋；船舱now(that) 既然 +原因状语从句△g etthehangof 熟悉；掌握；理解breakout 突发；爆发break down 出故障；失败；垮掉break in 闯入；插话break into 强行进入；突然⋯⋯起来break off 折断；突然中止；断绝；结束break through 突破，强行穿过break up 解散；打碎；放假△e xhaust /ig'z:st/ vt.用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽exhausted adj 疲惫的；筋疲力尽的watchout 密切注视；当心；提防=look out=be carefulwatch out (for ⋯ ) 当心⋯ =look out (for⋯=be) careful (of⋯)。

高中英语必修三unit4-unit5重要单词和词组Unit41.violent adj. 暴力的；猛烈的；强烈的——violence n. 暴力2.silent adj. 沉默的——slience n. 沉默3.on the surface 在表面4.be harmful to = do harm to ...对…有害5.with the development of society/economy/technology随着社会/经济/科技的发展6.develop v 发展——developing adj 发展中的——developed adj 发达的7.exist v. 存在——existence n. 存在——exit n. 出口——entrance n. 入口8.disappoint sb 使...失望——disappointing adj. 令人失望的——disappointed adj. （某人）搞到失望9.in time 及时——on time 准时——in no time 立刻——at no time 决不at one time 曾经——at a time 一次——ahead of time 提前；提早all the time 一直——at the same time 同时as time goes on 随着时间的推移10.spread 传播；流传；蔓延——spread——spread11.in this way = by this means = with this method 以这种方式12.depend on 依靠；取决于；信赖——depend on sb to do sth 指望某人做某事13.now that 既然14.force n. 力；武力；暴力——forces n. 军队；武装部队v. 强迫；迫使——force sb to do sth 强迫某人做某事15.exhaust sb = wear sb out 使筋疲力尽——exhausted adj. ——exhausting adj16.mass n. 质量；团；——a mass of 打量(可数/ 不可数)——the mass 群众——the mass media 大众传媒17.solar system 太阳系——system n. 系统；体系18.gradually adv. 逐渐地19.solid n/ adj. 固体——liquid n. 液体——gas n. 气体20.publish v. ——publishing adj. 出版的——publication n. 出版物21.get the hang of 熟悉；掌握；理解22.think of …as …把…看作是23.cool down 冷却24.be different from …与…不同——be different in …在…方面不同25.disappear from …从…消失26.stay on …存留在…27.show one’s quality 显现某人的特性28.move around 迁徙29.escape from …/into…从…逃离到…30.solve a problem 解决问题31.get close to 接近32.fall over 摔倒33.like v. 喜欢prep. 像——dislike v. 不喜欢——unlike prep. 不像34.present n. 礼物= gift / 目前—at present 目前/ v. 出席——presence n. 出席35.theory n. 学说；理论——theoretical adj. 理论上的36.gravity n. 重力37.cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋y eggs 下蛋Unit 51.multicultural adj. 多文化的——multinational adj. 多国家的——multicolored adj. 多颜色的2.continent n. 大陆；陆地—continental adj. 大陆的—continental climate 大陆性气候3.prime minister 首相；总理4.surround v. 包围——be surrounded by / with 被…坏绕—surroundings n. 环境5.extreme adj. 极端的n. 极端——extremely adv. 极端地——go to extremes 走极端6.settle v. 解决；安居——settle an argument 解决争论—settle down 定居；安居——settlement n.——come to / reach a settlement 达成和解7.gift n. 礼物；天赋——gifted adj. 有天赋的——have a gift for sth / doing sth 对…有天赋8.official adj. 官方的；n. 官员；公务员——officer n. 军官9.go downtown 去市区——go westward 向西10.figure out 算出11.terrify v. 恐吓；使恐怖——terrible adj. 可怕的；恐怖的——terrifying adj. 令人恐惧的——terror n. 恐怖——terrorism n. 恐怖主义——terrorist n. 恐怖主义者12.as far as 直到…,远到——as far as I know 据我所知13.distance n. 距离——at a distance (of) …在…稍远处——in the distance 在远处——distant 远的14.pole n. 极地；极点——the South Pole 南极——the North Pole 北极15.at dawn 在黎明——at noon 在中午——around noon 中午时分16.broad adj. 宽阔的；宽广的——the broad ocean 无际的海洋17.leave A for B 离开A去B——leave for …离开去…18.flow into …流入…——flow over…流经…19.at the train station 在火车站20.look over …眺望…21.from west to east 从西到东22.at the airport 在机场23.go through …穿过…——rush through 穿行过24.wealthy n. 富有的n. 富人——wealth n. 财产；财富25.catch sight of 看见——lose sight of 看不见。

Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars （一）核心词汇1.system n系统，体系，制度the solar system 太阳系the education system 教育体制Eg:The bank is equipped with a new alarm system.这家银行装有新的警报系统。

2.theory n学说，理论theoretical adj 理论的theoretically adv理论地in theory 理论上，按理说Eg:In theory, it can be used for ten years.从理论上说它能用十年。

3.in time 及时，迟早in time for sth/ to do sth来得及/及时做某事in no time 立刻，马上Eg:When you are in trouble , I will come to help you in time. 当你处于困境时，我会及时来帮助你。

You will learn how to do it in time.你迟早会学会如何做这事的。

I will be in time for the train / to catch the train. 我要及时赶上那趟火车。

Don’t worry. I will get there in no time.别担心，我立刻就到那儿。

4.unlike prep 不像like prep 像vt 喜欢likely adj 很可能的1）It is unlike sb to do sth做某事可不像某人平时那个样。

Eg:It is very unlike Tom to be so late .迟到这么久可不像汤姆平时的作风。

2）It is likely that 从句...很可能..Sb is likely to do sth 某人很可能做某事Eg：It is likely that Tom will pass the exam.汤姆很可能会通过这次考试。