With的复合结构
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with复合结构的常见形式1.“with+名词/代词+介词短语”。
The man was walking on the street, with a book under his arm. (那人在街上走着,腋下夹着一本书。
)2. “with+名词/代词+形容词”。
With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it’ll rain presently. 天气这么闷热,十之八九要下雨。
3. “with+名词/代词+副词”。
The square looks more beautiful than even with all the light on. 所有的灯亮起来,广场看起来更美。
4. “with+名词/代词+名词”。
He left home, with his wife a hopeless soul. 他走了,妻子十分伤心。
5. “with+名词/代词+done”。
在此结合中,过去分词和宾语是被动关系,表示动作已经完成。
With this problem solved, neomycin 1 is now in regular production. 随着这个问题的解决,新霉素一号现在已经正式产生。
6. “with+名词/代词+-ing分词”。
此结构强调名词是-ing分词的动作的发出者或某动作、状态正在进行。
He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him. 全班同学看着他,他感到更不自然了。
7. “with+宾语+to do”。
此结构中,不定式和宾语是被动关系,表示尚未发生的动作。
So in the afternoon, with nothing to do, I went on a round of the bookshops. 由于下午无事可做,我就去书店转了转。
现在分词作状语表示动作发生的时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况,通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。
1 With 的复合结构(with+ 复合宾语)with+ 复合宾语结构常作原因状语、伴随状语、定语等。
With + 名词/代词+名词With + 名词/代词+形容词With + 名词/代词+副词With + 名词/代词+介词短语With + 名词/代词+不定式(to do/ to be done 表示动作将要做 , 若句中主语发出动作,用to do , 若句中主语不发出这一动作,则用to be done With + 名词/代词+现在分词 (doing/ being done 表示动作与谓语动词同时进行,若是with 后的名词/代词发出动作,即所谓的主动,则用doing ; 若是被动,则用being done )With + 名词/代词+过去分词 (动作已结束,动词与前面名词/代词的关系是被动)He left home, with his wife a hopeless soul.She used to sleep with the windows open.She used to sleep with the light on.She came in, with a book in her hand.With all the work to do, I don’t know if I’ll have time to go out.With the boy leading us, we soon found the house.With the house being painted, we can’t move in.With everything I needed bought, I left the shop.2 独立主格结构一般来说,我们把With 复合结构中的with 去掉,就成了独立主格结构了。
如: She slept, the windows open.The prisoner stood there, his hands raised. ( 可以这样理解:hand 是被举起的,表示被动和完成)Time permitting, We ‘ll go for a picnic.(time和permit 是主动关系)She came in, book in hand. (注: book 和hand 之前不加任何代词或冠词,这与with 复合结构不同)还有不同的是,独立主格中出现了beingIt being a fine day, we decided to go swimming.There being no bus, I had to go home on foot.这两句话中的being 是由动词be 变来的,可以这样想:独立主格也是状语,所以不能使用谓语动词。
With 的复合结构:的复合结构:With +宾语+宾补:表明状态、说明背景情况一般在句中做伴随,方式,原因,条件状语。
宾补:表明状态、说明背景情况一般在句中做伴随,方式,原因,条件状语。
With my son a baby, I came back to work. With a dream in my heart, I worked very hard. With a lot of work to do, I always forget to miss him. With the night falling, I began to miss him. With everything done, I went to bed. With the light off, I held my telephone and saw his photos. With my eyes red, I fell asleep. 可以看出可以看出With+宾语+宾补可名词,介词,不定式,现在分词,过去分词,副词,形容词来充当。
各自有相应的特点名表示状态,介词表地点,要做,主动,被动,状态,有相应的特点名表示状态,介词表地点,要做,主动,被动,状态,翻译下列句子:翻译下列句子:1. He died __________________________________. 他死时女儿还是个学生。
他死时女儿还是个学生。
2. She stood at the door,_______________________. 她站在文库,背对着我们。
她站在文库,背对着我们。
3._________________,we are sure to finish the work ahead of me. 有李先生帮忙,我们一定能提前完成工作。
有李先生帮忙,我们一定能提前完成工作。
4. He lay on the grass ___________________________. 他躺在草地上,两眼望着天空。
with的复合结构介词with的复合结构一. “with + 宾语+ 宾语补足语”构成介词with的复合结构,该结构在句中可作状语和定语。
在with复合结构中,宾语和宾补之间形成逻辑上的主谓关系。
当这种主谓关系表现为主动语态时,用现在分词;当这种主谓关系表现为被动语态时,用过去分词;当这种主谓关系表示将来意义时,用不定式;当这种主谓关系表示伴随意义时,用现在分词或副词。
常见的结构:1. with + 宾语+ 介词短语1) He walked along the street with his hands in his pockets. (用作状语,宾补为介词短语)他手插衣袋沿街走着。
2) A girl stood at the door with an umbrella in her hands. (用作状语,宾补为介词短语)一位姑娘站在门口,手里拿着一把雨伞。
3) There were rows of white houses with trees in front of them. (用作定语,宾补为介词短语)这儿有一排排白色的房子,房前长着树木。
4) She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides.(用作定语,宾补为介词短语)她看到一条小溪,两岸长着红花绿草。
5) She left the office with tears in her eyes. (用作状语,宾补为介词短语)她眼里含着泪水,离开了办公室。
2. with + 宾语+ 形容词1) Why did you sleep with the windows open? (用作状语,宾补为形容词)你为什么开着窗子睡觉?2) She sat down with her face pale with pain. (作状语,宾补为形容词)她坐下来,痛的脸色发白了。
With的复合结构With复合结构,是由with+宾语+宾补组成,在句中常做状语,如伴随、时间、原因、方式状语等,也可以做定语。
1.with+名词(或代词)+名词there is a tallng am “B s H s ”.B g s a s r.他们住在北京,他们的儿子是个士兵。
2) He died s a a s -girl.他去逝时,女儿还是个小学生。
3) He lived a rich life, s a a a .他过着富足的生活,而他的老父亲却沿街乞讨。
2.with+名词(或代词)+形容词强调名词的特性或状态She came into the room,with her nose red a s e of cold.1s open.我喜欢把窗户开着睡觉。
(伴)2) D ’ a with your mouth full.嘴里有食物时不要讲话。
(伴)3.with+名词(或代词)+副词With the meal over ,we all went home.a with the light on.他睡着了,灯还亮着。
(伴)2) The boy stood there with his head down.这个男孩低头站在那儿。
(伴)4.with+名词(或代词)+介词短语Do you know the woman with a baby in her arms(=who has ababy in her arms)?a a a a a on when we want to.由于孩子们在上学,所以当我们想度假时而不能去度假。
(原)a a a a .士兵让他背朝着他的父亲站在那儿。
(方)5.with+名词(或代词)+动词不定式此时,不定式表示将发生的动作。
With the boy to lead the way,we will find the house easm ow.1) With no one to talk to, John felt upset.由于没人可以说话的人,约翰感到很焦虑。
1 With 的复合结构(with+ 复合宾语)with+ 复合宾语结构常作原因状语、伴随状语、定语等。
With + 名词/代词+名词With + 名词/代词+形容词With + 名词/代词+副词With + 名词/代词+介词短语With + 名词/代词+不定式(to do/ to be done 表示动作将要做, 若句中主语发出动作,用to do , 若句中主语不发出这一动作,则用to be doneWith + 名词/代词+现在分词(doing/ being done 表示动作与谓语动词同时进行,若是with 后的名词/代词发出动作,即所谓的主动,则用doing ; 若是被动,则用being done )With + 名词/代词+过去分词(动作已结束,动词与前面名词/代词的关系是被动) He left home, with his wife a hopeless soul.She used to sleep with the windows open.She used to sleep with the light on.She came in, with a book in her hand.With all the work to do, I don’t know if I’ll have time to go out.With the boy leading us, we soon found the house.With the house being painted, we can’t move in.With everything I needed bought, I left the shop.2 独立主格结构一般来说,我们把With 复合结构中的with 去掉,就成了独立主格结构了。
如:She slept, the windows open.The prisoner stood there, his hands raised. ( 可以这样理解:hand 是被举起的,表示被动和完成)Time permitting, We ‘ll go for a picnic.(time和permit 是主动关系)She came in, book in hand. (注: book 和hand 之前不加任何代词或冠词,这与with 复合结构不同)还有不同的是,独立主格中出现了beingIt being a fine day, we decided to go swimming.There being no bus, I had to go home on foot.这两句话中的being 是由动词be 变来的,可以这样想:独立主格也是状语,所以不能使用谓语动词。
With的复合结构
介词with without +宾语+宾语的补足语可以构成独立主格结构,上面讨论过的独立主格结构的几种情况在此结构中都能体现。
1. with+名词代词+形容词
He doesn’t like to sleep with the windows open.
= He doesn’t like to sleep when the windows are open.
He stood in the rain, with his clothes wet.
= He stood in the rain, and his clothes were wet.
With his father well-known, the boy didn’t want to study.
2. with+名词代词+副词
Our school looks even more beautiful with all the lights on.
= Our school looks even more beautiful if when all the lights are on.
The boy was walking, with his father ahead.
= The boy was walking and his father was ahead.
3. with+名词代词+介词短语
He stood at the door, with a computer in his hand.
He stood at the door, computer in hand.
= He stood at the door, and a computer was in his hand.
Vincent sat at the desk, with a pen in his mouth.
Vincent sat at the desk, pen in mouth.
= Vincent sat at the desk, and he had a pen in his mouth.
4. with+名词代词+动词的-ed形式
With his homework done, Peter went out to play.
= When his homework was done, Peter went out to play.
With the signal given, the train started.
= After the signal was given, the train started.
I wouldn’t dare go home without the job finished.
= I wouldn’t dare go home because the job was not finish ed.
5. with+名词代词+动词的-ing形式
The girl hid her box without anyone knowing where it was.
= The girl hid her box and no one knew where it was.
Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window.
= When no one was noticing, he slipped through the window.
6. with+名词代词+动词不定式
The little boy looks sad, with so much homework to do.
= The little boy looks sad because he has so much homework to do.
with the window closed
with the light on
with a book in her hand
with a cat lying in her arms
with the problem solved
with the new term to begin。