高考(高中)英语备考语法点复习要点点拨与梳理--三大从句篇
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高考(高中)英语备考语法点复习要点点拨与梳理--三大从句篇
一、定语从句:
总体介绍:定语从句确实是所有复合句最难的,也是高中英语最标志性的语法点,无论何时都要高度重视,搞通搞透多练。
定语从句学习的基本提醒:
1)先行词+关系词,这是定语从句语法最关键的核心如果没有先行词的存在,这道题目不可能是定语从句的题目。2)先行词=关系词,关系词是代替先行词在后面从句中做成分,例子:the book that I like,that就是代替book做like的宾语。3)先行词和关系词紧挨在一起,但是也常隔断。例子:I met some foreigners in the street who came from Australia.
具体细节点拨:
1 牢记在心各种关系词的使用方法!比如关系代词是最基本的:
that 人/物主宾都可以做宾语可省
which 物主宾都可以做宾语可省
who 人主宾都可以做宾语可省
whom 人宾语可省
whose 人/物定语(谁谁的)不省
再比如,关系副词:
where 先行词是地点并且从句也缺地点(状语)时(两个条件同时满足)
when 先行词是时间并且从句也缺时间(状语)时(同上)
why 先行词是reason并且从句也缺原因(状语)时(同上)
2 七个一般原则!请牢记!
无what,无how,无介词+that,无介词+who,无介词+关系副词,有逗号时无that,
介词提前时无省略。(需要特别说明,极个别时候,介词加where或when的定语从句确实存在,但不是主流)
3 要注意that的特殊性,作为高中生,尤其是在应试的背景下要记住重要的多用that不用其他的若干情况。在这里不逐条列出,只作提醒。比如:
This is the most interesting movie that I have ever seen.(最高级)
The only thing that she could do was to wait patiently.(the only)The first thing that we do in the morning is to clean the classroom.(序数词)
4 要注意way(表示做事的方式)的定语从句,有三种,比如:
the way in which I did it.the way that I did it.the way I did it.
5,要特别注意as的定语从句
1)限定性:先行词有such(so), the same,as时
This is the same book as I lost last week.
2)非限定性:先行词是整个一句话时,用as或者which,但是which不放句首。
6,建议背诵as的一些非限定性定语从句,对提高翻译和写作水平有好处:
As is known to all,As has been said before,As may be imagined, 等二、状语从句:
总体介绍:
1,状语从句是所有复合句种类数量最庞大的。
2,状语从句无论在生活中还是学习中实用性很强要多学多用,八大状从一个不能少:时间,条件,原因,方式,让步,结果,目的,地点。
3,状语从句学习的提醒:1)状语从句往往是完整的(和其他很多复合句重要的区别之一)2)由于种类太多,所以请先分类的形式把基本的连接方式搞懂
3)不要机械的记连词的某一个简单意思,要注意很多特殊用法,特殊的地方。例子:I was walking along the river when it began to rain. (when: 突然就在那时)
具体细节点拨:
1 要特别注意各个连接方式的特殊用法语法
如:when (突然就在那时)
be doing...when、be about to do...when、be going to do...when
如:while
1) While I admit there are difficult problems, I don't think they cannot be solved. (虽然)
2)I like play basketball while my parents prefer to stay home all day.(然而)
如:where:特殊句型:where there..., there... 哪里有什么,哪里就有什么。例子:where there is water, there is life.
如:as:虽然(必须倒装)
Much as I admire his c ourage, I don’t think he acted wisely.
我虽然佩服他的勇气,但我认为他这样做是不明智的。
Boy as he was, he was chosen king.
尽管他还是个孩子,但却被立为国王。
2 要归纳辨析相似相近的连接结构
1)同样是where引导表示地点的从句
I put the book where it was.地点状语从句
I put the book in the pl a ce where it was.表示地点的定从
2) 同样是 so that引导从句
we worked hard so that we could finish the task in advance.目的状语从句
we worked hard, so that we finished the task in advance.结果状语从句