英语副词分类详解
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英语副词分类详解
Company Document number:WUUT-WUUY-WBBGB-BWYTT-1982GT
英语副词分类详解
一、时间副词
1.常见的时间副词
常见的时间副词有now, then, soon, ago, recently, lately, later, finally, before, early, today tomorrow, yesterday, tonight, suddenly, immediately, already, just等。
2.时间副词在句中的位置
(1)表确定时间的副词(如today, yesterday等)通常位于句末,有时也位于句首:
He went home yesterday. / Yesterday he went home.他昨天回家了。
而那些表示非确定时间的副词(如soon, recently, suddenly等)除可用于句末或句首外,还可位于句中(通常位于实意动词之前,动词be、助动词、情态动词之后):He went to Paris recently. / He recently went to Paris. / Recently he went to Paris.最近他去了巴黎。
(2)still, already, just等几个表示时间的副词通常位于句中(实意动词之前,动词be、助动词、情态动词之后):
He’s just left for school.他刚刚去学校。
I have already finished my work.我已经做完了工作。
当要表示强调时,still和already也可位于动词be、助动词等之前:
She was still [still was] beautiful at the age of forty.她到了40岁仍然很美。
I already have told him about it.我已经把情况告诉他了。
still若用于否定句,则总是位于助动词之前:
I still don’t understand what you mean.我还是不明白你的意思。
另外,still和already还可位于句末,表示惊奇:
Are you on page one still你还在看第1页
Is your mother back already你妈妈就已经回来了
二、地点副词
1.常见的地点副词
常见的地点副词有here, there, up, down, away, nearby, home, ahead, abroad, indoors, overseas, halfway, upstairs, downstairs等。
2.地点副词在句中的位置
地点副词在句中通常位于句末或句首,但从不位于主语和谓语之间。若有多个副词排列,地点副词通常位于方式副词之后,时间副词之前:
Can you help to carry this table upstairs你能帮忙把桌子搬到楼上去吗
The boy read quietly over there all afternoon.这男孩整个下午都在那儿静静地看书。
三、方式副词
1.方式副词的特点
方式副词表示动词的行为方式,许多以-ly结构的副词都是方式副词,如carefully, happily, quietly, heavily, warmly, correctly, politely, angrily等。
2.方式副词在句中的位置
(1)方式副词通常位于动词(及其宾语)之后:
He read the letter slowly.他从容不迫地看了那封信。
方式副词通常不位于动词与宾语之间,除非动词后的宾语很长:
不可说:We like very much it. (应改为We like it very much.)
但可说:We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.我们可以很清楚地看到在我们前方有一道奇怪的光。
若遇到“动词+介词+宾语”结构,方式副词既可位于“介词+宾语”之前,也可位于“介词+宾语”之后,但是若该结构的宾语较长,则方式副词通常位于“介词+宾语”之前:He looked at me curiously. / He looked curiously at me.他好奇地打量着我。
He looked curiously at everyone who got off the plane.他好奇地打量着从飞机上走下来的每一个人。
(2)方式副词(主要是单个的方式副词)有时也可位于主语与动词之间:
He quickly got dressed.他赶紧穿好衣服。
He angrily tore up the letter.他很生气,把信撕碎了。
(3)有的方式副词(如bravely, cleverly, cruelly, foolishly, generously, kindly, secretly, simply等)位于动词之前和位于句末会导致句子意思的变化:
They secretly decided to leave the town.他们秘密决定离开这个城市。
They decided to leave the town secretly.他们决定秘密地离开这个城市。
He answered the questions foolishly.他对这个问题作了愚蠢的回答。
He foolishly answered the questions.他愚蠢地回答了这个问题。
(4)有的方式副词(如gently, quietly, slowly, suddenly等)有时可位于句首,以达到某种戏剧性的效果(这主要见于书面语中):
Suddenly, the driver started the engine.突然地,司机启动了发动机。
四、频度副词
1.频度副词的特点
频度副词表示动作发生的次数,常见有的ever, never, rarely, seldom, once, often, occasionally, constantly, frequently, usually, continually, always等。