常用专业名词小词典

ACG常见名词词典：在传统上，以平面的媒体所表现的虚拟角色，如漫画或动画中的人物，因其二维空间的本质，而常被称为“二次元角色”，以有别于现实（三维空间）的人物。

但是，以三维电脑图像所制作的角色，因其处于虚拟世界又具有立体性的概念，而被称为“次元角色”。

：“吐槽”一词是指日本漫才(类似于中国的相声)里的“突っ込み” ，普通话里相当于相声的“捧哏”。

闽南语中有“吐槽”一词，所以台湾的翻译都翻成“吐槽”，然后大陆也开始用了。

最接近的词是“抬扛”、“掀老底”、“拆台”。

（Loli）：【名词、形容词】；意指“幼女”，其生理年龄约为12 岁以下之少女，后因各人见解不同，现只指作外貌像小孩的女孩，其明确之定义为“依据个人观点而认知的小妹妹”；例句：“好可爱的萝莉呀！”“这真是太萝莉啦！”。

：一个和萝莉相对的词，单纯来说是指相对年纪比较大但又不会是“熟女”程度的女生，一般定义是16岁以上，发育良好，性格比较压人/偏强势；有一点可以肯定，就是御姐一定不是被你叫做“姐姐”的那种普通而温柔的人……这方面的范围定义方法接近与萝莉，而区别于御妹。

：【名词，形容词】；简说：NC 1.指不用脑袋思考便可以完成的事情，2.火星人的想法、做法，3.非正常、非主流（诸如常人看来很傻的话题，某几人却很乐意讨论这个），4.傻了：【名词、形容词】；指网络上不守礼节、不守秩序、不会自我规范的人，为“小白痴”的简称，有时也指智商太低或理解力太低的人。

同义于日文的“厨房”。

：【名词、形容词】；和Loli属相反性别同义词，也就是指生理年龄约为3～15岁左右之未成年男孩，同样因各人见解之不同，现只指作外貌像小孩的男孩，其明确之定义为“依据个人观点而认知的小弟弟”；例句：“看，那边有一个好可爱的正太唷！”。

：【名词】；形容词和动词就是“伪”。

通常指的是有女性美貌的正常男性角色，且变装(男扮女装)后常常带有很强的，有的可能更胜过一般女性角色。

伪娘是因为动漫作品中出现了从相貌上被认定为女的动漫角色，其实是男性角色而发出感慨，而出现的一个新名词。

钻石词典——钻石珠宝专业名词解释（一）1、阿斯切形钻石(Asscher-Cut Diamond)：这种美丽而又独特的钻石切工与祖母绿形几乎相同，区别在于阿斯切是正方形的。

这种阿斯切钻石也拥有如同祖母绿形钻石一样被切磨成长方形刻面的亭部。

2、白金(White gold)：白金是纯金通过与镍、锌、银及钯混合，从而变成白色。

由于18k白金含有75%的纯金，因此合成后会稍微呈现黄色。

为了使它更白，几乎所有的18k白金都会被镀上一层铑(铂系家族里一种相当坚硬闪亮的白色金属)。

配戴的时间久了之后，这层铑可能会褪掉，使首饰重新呈现微黄色。

不过只要重新镀上一层铑，就能让首饰恢复其洁白闪亮的原貌。

3、铂金(Platinum)：铂金元素符号Pt，银灰白色，比重21.35，熔点1700℃，摩氏硬度4-4.5度，化学性稳定，除王水以外不受酸碱腐蚀，铂金是世界上最稀有的金属之一。

纯铂金比较柔软，常加入钯、铑、钌等金属形成Pt950或Pt900合金而增加其硬度。

4、钯金(Palladium)：钯元素符号Pd，是铂族元素之一。

1803年由英国化学家沃拉斯顿在分离铂金时发现。

它与铂金相似，具有绝佳的特性，常态下在空气中不会氧化和失去光泽，是一种异常珍贵的贵金属资源。

5、包镶(Bezel Setting)：顾名思义包镶就是用金属边将钻石四周都围住的镶嵌方法，是一种最为稳固和传统的镶嵌方式，充分展现了钻石的亮光，光彩内敛，有平和端庄的气质。

6、八心八箭(Hearts&Arrows)：八心八箭也称为丘比特切工，是用于描述当一颗圆形钻石的对称和比例达到某一标准时所呈现的视觉效果。

当在特别的切工镜下观察时，从钻石正面可以看到大小一致、光芒璀璨且对称的八支箭，从钻石底部可以看到完美对称、饱满的八颗心。

7、比利时钻石高阶层议会(HRD)：HRD为比利时钻石高阶层议会(Hoge Raad Voor Diamant)，由国际钻石理事会(IDC)协商制定HRD国际性钻石分级标准，HRD钻石鉴定中心即按照“IDC规则”进行鉴定。

工程词典"A" Book 根簿；地籍册abbreviated tender system 简易招标程序ablution facility 沐浴设施above finished floor level [AFFL] 楼面竣工标高以上absentee landowner 在外土地业权人absentee owner 非自住业主；在外业主absentee principal tenant 非住在楼宇内的主租客；非住在楼宇内的二房东absolute owner 经确定业权的业主absolute priority 绝对优先资格absolute title 经确定的业权abutment 桥台；拱座abutment deformation 桥台变形；拱座变形abutment pressure 桥台压力；拱座压力abutment wall 拱座墙；翼墙；桥座abutting end 邻接端abutting structure 毗邻构筑物accelerated cement 快凝水泥Accelerated Landslip Preventive Measures Project 加速防止山泥倾泻计划acceptable accommodation 适中居所acceptance of tender 采纳投标书acceptance rate [Home Ownership Scheme] 认购率〔居者有其屋计划〕acceptance rate of new allocation 接受新配单位的比率acceptance threshold 认购率下限access 通道；出入口access bend 检修弯管access corridor block 向街走廊式大厦access door 检修门；通道门access for residents 居民通道access ladder 通道竖梯access lane 进出路径access panel 检修门access plug and cap 检修孔塞和孔盖access point 入口处；出入通道处access ramp 入口坡道；斜道；斜通道access road 通路；通道access shaft 竖井通道access spiral loop 螺旋式回旋通道access staircase 通道楼梯access step 上落踏板；出入踏板access to the site 地盘出入口；工地出入口access to work 地盘施工处通路；工地施工处通路access tunnel 通道隧道accessible roof 可到达的屋顶；有通道的屋顶accident loading condition 意外载荷条件accommodation 办公地方；住所；居所；单位Accommodation for Small Households--Assessment of Supply and Demand 小家庭公屋供求评估accommodation generation rate 住户房屋需求衍生率Accommodation Regulations 《政府产业管理及有关事务规例》accommodation value 楼面价Accredited Safety Auditor 检定安全稽核员acetylene regulator 乙炔调节器；“煤表”acoustic lining 隔音板acoustic screen 隔音屏acoustic seal 防声封条acquisition 征用；收购acquisition order 征用令Acquisition Section [Lands Department] 土地征用组〔地政总署〕acquisition team [Lands Department] 土地征用小组〔地政总署〕acre 英亩acrylic coat 丙烯涂料acrylic lacquer 丙烯酸清漆acrylic paint 丙烯漆料；丙烯酸漆acrylic sheet 丙烯酸片；丙烯胶片active corrosion 活性蚀active earth pressure 主动土压力active fault 活断层；活动断裂active recreation area 动态康乐用地active recreation facility 动态康乐设施active to passive ratio 动态与静态设施比例activity area 活动区activity space 活动场地actual building cost 实际造价actual cost rent 实际成本租金actual plot ratio 实际地积比率Ad Hoc Committee on Housing for the Elderly [Hong Kong Housing Authority] 高龄人士住所专责小组委员会〔香港房屋委员会〕Ad Hoc Committee on Private Domestic Property Ownership by Public Rental Housing Tenants 公屋住户拥有私人住宅物业问题专责小组委员会adapt 改装；改建addition 扩建；加建；加入户籍additional building works 增补建筑工程additional fixture 固定附物additional horizontal force 额外横向力additional premium 补缴地价additional rehousing criterion 附加安置资格additional vent 加设通风口additions policy 加户政策adequate housing 适当居所adequately housed 居住面积足够的；有适当居所的adit 入口；通路；坑道口adjacent building 相邻建筑物adjacent construction 相邻建造物adjacent ground 相邻土地adjacent land 相邻土地adjacent site 相邻地盘adjacent street 相邻街道adjacent unit 相连单位adjoining area 毗邻地区adjoining building 毗邻建筑物adjoining land 毗邻土地adjoining occupier 毗邻占用人adjoining owner 毗邻拥有人adjoining structure 毗邻构筑物adjudication fee 评估契据费用adjusted replacement cost 经调整重置成本administrator of estate 遗产管理人admixture 外加剂；搀和剂advance drainage diversion 前期排水渠改道advance earthwork 前期土方工程；预造土方工程advance letting 提早出租advance possession licence 提前移交土地牌照advance reclamation works 早期填海工程advance works 前期工程；早期工程advanced allocation scheme 提前配屋计划advanced allocation system 提前配屋制度advanced contract 前期合约adverse geological condition 不良地质情况adverse possession 逆权管有adverse title to land 相逆土地业权Advisory Committee on Appearances of Bridges and Associated Structures 桥梁及有关建筑物外观谘询委员会Advisory Committee on Private Building Management 私人楼宇管理谘询委员会Advisory Council on the Environment 环境问题谘询委员会advisory letter [slope maintenance] 劝喻信〔斜坡维修〕Advisory Note on Buried Services 《检查地下设施须知》aerial bracket 天线托架aerial cable 天线电线aerial camera 航空摄影机；空中摄影机aerial photogrammetry 航空摄影测量；空中摄影测量aerial photograph 航摄照片；航空照片aerial photograph interpretation [API] 航空照片判释；航空照片解译aerial photographic survey 航空摄影测量aerial photography 航空摄影；空中摄影aerial survey 航空测量；空中测量aerial view 鸟瞰图；航测图affiliated village 附属乡村；属村affordability criterion 负担能力准则Affordability Schedule 负担能力表affordability threshold 负担能力界限A-frame Ａ形骨架after-repair guarantee 售后修葺保证期age allowance limit 楼龄减额上限age limit 楼龄上限age of entitlement 换地权益龄期age-dating 测年；测定年代Agency Management Scheme 物业代管计划agent for occupier 占用人代理人；租户代理人agent for owner 拥有人代理人；业主代理人agent-managed Home Ownership Scheme estate 由物业管理公司代管的居者有其屋计划屋苑aggregate 砂石；骨料；碎石aggregate abrasion value 石料的耐磨值aggregate grading 砂石级配；骨料级配aggregate impact value 石料的冲击强度值aggregate lime content 砂石的石灰含量；骨料的石灰含量aggregate structure 砂石结构；骨料结构aggregate superficial area 表面总面积aggregate usable floor space 总实用楼面空间aggregate-to-cement ratio 砂石与水泥比例；砂灰比aggregate-to-lime ratio 砂石与石灰比例Agreement and Conditions of Sale 卖地协议及条件agreement for a Government lease 政府租契协议；政府租契合约agreement to surrender 交还土地协议agricultural development area 农业发展区agricultural dwelling house 农地住屋；农舍agricultural land 农地；耕地agricultural lot 农地地段agricultural priority area 农业优先区agricultural resite area 农业用途迁置区agricultural status 农地性质agricultural tenancy 农地租赁；农地租约agricultural use 农业用途agricultural warehouse 农用贮物室air camera 航空摄影机；空中摄影机air cooling system 空气冷却系统；风冷系统air curtain 风帘；风闸air curtain fan 风帘风扇air cylinder 气缸；气筒air damper 气闸；调节风门air distribution system 配气系统air distributor 空气分配器air dryer 空气干燥器air duct 风槽；通风管道；气槽air entrained cement 加气水泥；伴水泥air exhaust 排气口air filter 空气过滤器；风隔；隔尘网air filter chamber 空气过滤室air gap 气隙air handling unit 鲜风柜；空气处理装置air inlet louvre 进气百叶窗air inlet port 进气口air intake 进气口；进风口air intake duct 进气槽；进风槽air intake filter 进气过滤器air line strainer 进气管道隔滤器air outlet 出风口air outlet grille 出风口格栅air passage 风道air pipe 通气管；送气管air pressurization system 空气加压系统air quality impact assessment 空气质素影响评估air quality setback 因空气质素而把建筑物后移air reservoir 贮气缸air restrictor 空气节流器air strainer 空气隔滤器；空气滤网air supply outlet 供气出口air survey 航空测量；空中测量air trunking 通风槽air ventilator 空气通风器air void [soil] 空气孔隙；气隙〔泥土〕air-conditioner hood 冷气机遮檐air-conditioning and refrigeration installations [public works category]空调及制冷装置〔公共工程类别〕Air-Conditioning Inspector 空气调节督察air-conditioning system 空气调节系统air-handling unit room 风柜房airshaft 通风竖井airy dry varnish 风干清漆alarm bell 警钟alarm buzzer 警报器alienate [land] 让与〔土地〕alienation period 让与期；转让期alienation restriction 让与权的限制；转让限制alienation restriction period 让与权的限制期；转让限制期alignment 定线；线向；路线alignment plan [road] 路线平面图alignment survey 定线测量alkali-resisting primer 耐碱底漆"All Services" service [Land Registry] 综合服务〔土地注册处〕alley 巷Allocation and Standards of Vacant Flats Committee [Hong Kong Housing Authority] 空置单位编配及标准事宜小组委员会〔香港房屋委员会〕allocation condition 分配条件；拨地条件allocation number 拨地编号allocation of flats 编配居住单位allocation plan 拨地图则；批地图allocation range 编配幅度；编配范围allocation standard 编配标准allowable bearing capacity 容许承载力allowable load 容许负载；容许载荷allowable settlement 容许沉降量allowable soil pressure 容许土压力allowable stress 容许应力；预计可承受的压力allowance for corrosion loss 预留锈蚀量alloy steel bar 合金钢筋条alluvial clay 冲积黏土alluvial deposit 冲积土层；冲积物alluvial sand 冲积沙alluvial silt 冲积粉土alluvial soil 冲积土；淤积土alluvium 冲积物；冲积层alteration 改动；改建alteration and addition 改建及加建Alterations, Additions and Improvements Committee 改建、加建暨改善工程委员会alternative route 替代路线altimeter 测高仪aluminium cell ceiling 铝格天花板aluminium panel 铝板aluminium primer 铝粉底漆；“木铝丹”aluminium rope-operated laundry-drying rack 铝质拉绳式晒衣架aluminium tape 铝带aluminium window 铝窗amenities 市容建筑；康乐设施；康乐设备amenity area 美化市容地带amenity planting strip 美化市容种植地带amenity railing 美观栏杆amenity strip 美化市容地带American Concrete Institute 美国混凝土学会American Society for Testing and Materials [ASTM] 美国试验及材料标准学会amortization 定期终止；摊还；分期摊还amortization area 定期终止区amortization notice 定期终止通知书amortization period 终止期；摊还期ancestral grave 祖坟ancestral hall 祠堂；宗祠ancestral house 祖屋ancestral property 祖业ancestral temple 祠堂；宗祠anchor 锚定杆；锚；锚杆支撑anchor bearing 锚承；锚座anchor bolt 锚栓；“爆炸螺丝”anchor load monitoring 地锚桩基负荷检查anchor maintenance clause 地锚桩基保养条款anchor plate 锚定板anchor rod 锚杆anchor tenant 有名气的商户；可招徕顾客的商户anchor wall 锚定墙anchorage 碇泊处；锚地；锚固anchorage length 锚固长度anchored force 锚固力anchoring strength 锚固强度ancillary accommodation 附属地方ancillary beach use 海滩附带用途ancillary building 附属建筑物ancillary car park 附设停车场ancillary commercial facility 附属商业设施ancillary facilities block 附属设施大厦；服务设施大厦ancillary facility 附属设施；配套设施ancillary office 附属写字楼ancillary premises 附属房产ancillary service 附设服务；附属设备ancillary structure 附属构筑物ancillary works 附属工程andesite 安山岩angle bar 角铁angle bracket 角形托架；角钢撑架；“狗臂架”angle change 角变angle cleat 连接角钢；短角钢angle cutter 角铁切割机angle fillet 角钢嵌条；三角焊缝angle frame 角钢框angle iron bracket 角铁托架；角铁支架angle of inclination 倾角angle of internal friction 内摩擦角angle of repose 静止角；休止角angle of rupture 破裂角angle of shear 剪切角angle of shearing resistance 抗剪角angle probe 斜探头angle strut 角钢撑angular 棱角angular displacement 角位移angular distortion 角度变形angular velocity 角速度anisotropic consolidation 各向不等压固结；各向异性固结annex 附属建筑物annex block 附翼大厦annex restaurant 附连酒楼annex school 附连学校annual contribution to rent 每年拨出的租金津贴annual instalment of premium 按年摊缴的地价annual letting value 年租值annual maintenance programme 每年度保养计划annual rent 每年租金；年租Annual Summary 19XX-19XX [Rating and Valuation Department] 《年报19XX－19XX》〔差饷物业估价署〕anodized aluminium window 电镀膜铝窗；阳极氧化膜铝窗antenna 天线anti-burglary bar 防盗铁栏；防盗铁栅；防盗窗花；“疏子”anti-burglary grille 防盗铁栏；防盗铁栅；防盗窗花；“疏子”Anticipatory Housing Scheme 提早安置计划anticline 背斜；背斜层anti-corrosion paint 防蚀漆；防油anti-creep device 防溜装置anti-desiccant spray 抗干燥喷剂anti-nuisance provision 禁止滋扰规定anti-oxidizing paint 抗氧化漆anti-rust paint 防锈漆anti-siphon bottle trap 反虹吸瓶型气隔anti-siphon P-trap 反虹吸直嘴；反虹吸Ｐ形气隔anti-siphon trap 反虹吸气隔anti-siphonage pipe 反虹吸管anti-skid chequer 防滑格纹anti-skid device 防滑装置anti-skid dressing 防滑钢砂anti-skid facility 防滑设施anti-skid material 防滑物料anti-slip 防滑动；防空转；防打滑anti-stripping agent 防剥剂anti-vibration mounting 防震装置anti-vibration spring isolator 弹簧减震器anvil 铁砧apartment 寓所aplite 细晶岩apparent cohesion 表观黏聚力Appeal Panel [Hong Kong Housing Authority] 上诉委员会〔香港房屋委员会〕Appeal Tribunal [Hong Kong Housing Authority] 上诉审裁小组〔香港房屋委员会〕Appeal Tribunal Panel (Buildings) 上诉审裁处（建筑物）appendage 楼外附建物；附加物applicable lease 适用租契application date book 申请日志application for addition 申请加入户籍application for deletion 申请取消户籍application for lease [public housing] 租住公共房屋申请书application number [Home Ownership Scheme] 申请书编号〔居者有其屋计划〕application record 申请记录Applications and Home Ownership Division [Housing Department] 申请及居屋科〔房屋署〕applied covering 外加覆盖物applied load 外施载荷apportion 分摊apportionment of Government rent and premium 地税及补价分摊apportionment of rateable value 应课差饷租值分摊apportionment of rates 差饷分摊Apportionment Section [Lands Department] 地租分摊组〔地政总署〕appraisal of existing structure 现存结构检定；现有楼宇的结构检定appreciation of land value 土地增值approach 进路；引道；入口approach road 进路appropriation 拨地approved concrete mix 认可混凝土拌合料；认可混凝土配合比Approved Contractors for Public Works 认可公共工程承建商Approved Decoration Contractor System 认可装修承办商制度Approved Drainage Authority Area Plan 核准排水监管区图则approved land use zoning plan 核准土地用途分区图则approved layout 核准图则approved list of contractors 认可承建商名册；认可承办商名册Approved List of Decoration Contractors 认可装修承办商名册Approved List of Property Management Agents 认可物业管理公司名册Approved List of Security Guard Contractors 认可护卫员服务承办商名册approved master layout plan 核准总纲发展蓝图approved plan 核准图则；经批准的图则approved purchaser 核准购楼人Approved Specialist Contractors 认可专门承建商approved statutory plan 核准法定图则approved suppliers of materials 认可物料供应商approved town plan 核准城市规划图approved trade list 核准行业一览表appurtenance 从属权；附属物apron 跳板；护板apron area 屋前地台aqua privy 乡村式厕所aqueduct 输水管道aquiclude 阻水层aquifer 含水层aquitard 弱透水层arbour 花棚；凉亭arcade 有盖走廊；商场arcade shop premises 商场店铺arch 拱廊；拱门arch axis 拱轴arch bridge 拱桥arch crown 拱顶arch rib 拱肋arch rise 拱高arching action [soil] 拱作用〔泥土〕architect 建筑师architect's instructions 建筑师指示；建筑师指令Architects Registration Board 建筑师注册管理局Architectural and Associated Consultants Selection Board 建筑及有关顾问遴选委员会Architectural Branch [Architectural Services Department] 建筑设计处〔建筑署〕architectural decoration 建筑装饰architectural drawing 建筑图则architectural feasibility study 建筑设计可行性研究architectural projection 建筑上的伸出物Architectural Services Department [ASD] 建筑署architectural style 建筑风格Architectural Works Conditions 建筑工程规条architectural-led consultant 建筑师主导顾问architrave 框缘；门框线；“口线”area boundary 地区界线area committee [district board] 分区委员会〔区议会〕area covered by definite projects 已列入确定发展计划内的地区area layout plan 地区详细蓝图area number 地区编号area of entitlement 应得面积area of mixed usage 混合用途区；混合用地area weighting 面积加权数arithmetic mean strength 强度平均数armour 护面；护面块体〔防波堤〕armour layer 护面层armour rock 护面块石armoured cable 装甲电缆arrears of rates 差饷欠款arrears of rent 欠缴租金；欠租arrester bed 沙池arris 外角；明角artesian ground water 承压地下水artesian water 承压水；自流水artesian well 科学井artificial slope 人造斜坡artificial splitting 假分户Artisan 技工asbestos abatement 清除石棉asbestos abatement works 石棉清除工程；石棉拆除工程asbestos cement 石棉水泥；“矢泥”asbestos consultant 石棉顾问asbestos fibre 石棉纤维asbestos gasket 石棉垫片Asbestos Management Manual 《石棉管制手册》asbestos plaster 石棉批荡asbestos process 石棉工序asbestos roof 石棉瓦屋顶asbestos supervisors 石棉监工asbestos waste 石棉废料asbestos-containing material 含有石棉的建材as-built drawing 竣工图；竣工图则；楼宇建成后的修订图则as-built utility record 公用设施竣工图as-constructed drawing 竣工图；完工图；竣工图则as-constructed plan 竣工图；完工图；竣工图则aseismatic design 抗震设计as-fitted drawing 装配竣工图ash pit 排渣槽；灰坑Asiatic water closet pan 蹲厕；“厕”asking rent 租金要价asphalt 沥青；柏油asphalt distributor 沥青喷洒机asphalt mix design 沥青配合比设计；沥青混凝土级配asphalt paver 沥青摊铺机；地沥青asphalt roofing 沥青屋面；屋顶铺盖沥青工程；“沥青天面”asphalt tanking 沥青防水层asphalter 沥青工asphaltic coat 沥青涂层asphaltic concrete 沥青混凝土aspiring home-buyer 有意置业人士assembly detail 组装详图；装嵌“样”assessable value [property tax] 应评税价值〔物业税〕；评估价值assessed cost 评估成本assessed market value 评定市值assessed premium 评定补价assessed rent 评定租金assessed tenement 经评估差饷的物业assessment 估价；评估；已估价物业assessment number 估价编号Assessment of Professional Competence [valuation surveyor] 专业评核试〔物业估价测量师〕assessment of rates 差饷估价assessment panel 评估小组assessment review board 评估覆核委员会asset realization 资产变现assets test 资产评审；资产审查assign 转让assign back to 售回予；退回assignee 承让人；受让人assignment 转让；转让契约assignment fee 转让费；顶让费assignment in shares clause 份额转让条款assignment in undivided shares 不分割份数的转让assignment memorial 转让契约备忘录assignment of contract 转让合约assignment of contractual rights 转让合约权利assignment period 转让期assignment right 转让权；顶让权assignment value 转让价值；顶让价值assignor 转让人；出让人assistant village representative 助理村代表assisted home purchase flat 资助自置居所Associate Member, Hong Kong Institute of Surveyors [AHKIS] 香港测量师学会会员Associate Member, Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors [ARICS] 皇家特许测量师学会会员associated external area 附连的外部地方associated retaining wall 有关挡土墙associated road and drainage works 有关道路及渠务工程associated structure 附连构筑物Association of Consulting Engineers of Hong Kong [ACEHK] 香港顾问工程师协会Association of Government Cartographic Staff 政府制图人员协会Association of Government Land and Engineering Surveying Officers [AGLESO] 政府土地工程测量员协会Association of Government Local Land Surveyors [AGLLS] 政府本地土地测量师协会Association of Government Survey Officers (Estate) 政府产业测量员协会Association of Government Technical and Survey Officers [AGTSO] 政府工程技术及测量人员协会assumed load 假定载荷；计算载荷at grade 同一平面；地面at-receiver mitigation measure 在受污染处采取的减轻污染措施atrium 中庭；门廊A-truss Ａ形桁架at-source mitigation measure 源头减轻污染措施attachment 附件；附属物Attitude Survey on Housing 房屋意见调查auger pile 螺旋桩austenitic stainless steel 奥氏体不锈钢authorized architect 认可建筑师；核准建筑师authorized extension 认可扩建authorized land surveyor 认可土地测量师authorized marine borrow area 认可挖沙区authorized occupant 认可占用人；认可住客Authorized Persons' and Registered Structural Engineers' Disciplinary Board Panel 认可人士及注册结构工程师纪律委员团Authorized Persons' Register [kept by the Building Authority] 认可人士名册〔由建筑事务监督保管〕Authorized Persons Registration Committees Panel 认可人士注册事务委员团authorized structure 认可构筑物；认可搭建物authorized tenant 认可租客authorized works 获授权进行的工程；批准进行的工程automated central vacuum refuse collection system 自动化中央真空垃圾收集系统automated refuse collection system 自动垃圾收集系统Automated Slope Maintenance Hotline Service 《斜坡维修自动热线服务》automatic access control equipment 自动关闸设备Automatic Carpark Control System 自动停车场管理系统automatic central refuse collection system 自动化中央垃圾收集系统automatic control switch 自动控制开关automatic fire alarm system [AFA system] 自动火警警报系统automatic offer 自动配屋办法automatic smoke/heat detection system 烟雾／高热自动感应系统automatic voltage regulator 自动调压器autopay rent collection system 自动转帐收租办法auxiliary feed-water pump 辅助给水泵auxiliary feed-water tank 辅助给水箱auxiliary water pump 辅助水泵available land 可用土地average building land value 平均建筑用地价值average compressive stress 平均压应力average development value 平均发展价值average discounted full market value 十足市值的平均折扣价average flat [Home Ownership Scheme] 平均售价的居屋单位〔居者有其屋计划〕average land value 平均土地价值average strength 平均强度averagely-priced Home Ownership Scheme flat 平均售价的居者有其屋单位award a contract 批予合约axial bearing capacity 轴向承压力axial compression 轴向压缩axial extension test 轴向拉伸测试axial fan 轴流式风扇axial force 轴向力axial load 轴压；轴向载重axial strain 轴向应变axial stress 轴向应力axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度axial tensile test 轴向抗拉测试axial thrust 轴向推力axisymmetric stress 轴向对称应力azimuth 极方位；极方位角back elevation 背面图back inlet gully trap 背入集水沟气隔backdrop manhole 后级沙井；跌级沙井backfill 回填；回填土；回填料backfill material 回填物料；回填料Background Information Form 背景资料表格backing concrete 堤背混凝土backup area 后勤区；后勤用地backup land 后勤土地；预留地baffle wall 遮挡墙bagged concrete 袋装混凝土balance of the purchase price 楼价余额balanced land use pattern 均衡土地用途模式balanced load 平衡载重balancing pipeline 平衡水管balcony 露台balcony bar 露台铁栏balcony concrete coping 露台混凝土盖顶balcony cubicle 露台房间；骑楼房ball-and-socket joint 球窝接头ballast 石碴；道碴；压重物ballot sheet 搅珠结果名单ballot trade 炒筹活动baluster 栏杆柱balustrade 栏杆；扶手bamboo fence 竹篱笆bamboo pole 竹枝bamboo scaffold 竹枝棚架bamboo stake 扶竹bamboo worker 竹棚工band drain 排水肩带；排水板；排水带banned area [livestock keeping] 禁止饲养禽畜地区bar bender 弯铁工；拗铁工bar fixer 铁工bar tendon 钢筋bare patch 秃块bare rock soil slope surface 光秃的土坡面bare rooted plant 裸根植物；不带泥植物；“洗泥胆”植物bare-shell house 几无装修的房屋barrette 方形桩barrier 栅栏；护栏；屏障barrier plate 阻挡板barrier wall 围墙basalt 玄武岩basalt dyke 玄武岩岩墙base 基座base course 路面下层；路基层；承重层base extracted from survey sheet no. X 根据Ｘ号测量图绘制base failure of slope 斜坡基底坍塌base frame 基架base insulator 基架绝缘器base line 基准线；基线base plate 底板；垫板base rent 基本租金base slab 底板；平底板base support 底座支架basement 地库；地窖；地下室basement tanking 地库防水层；地库防水工程basement wall 地库墙；地下室墙basic listing criteria [Housing Authority List of Building Contractors] 基本资格准则〔《房屋委员会承建商名册》〕basic map 基本地图Basic Mapping System 基本地图制作系统basic survey sheet 基本测量图basic terms offer 基本条款建议书basin 水槽；水坑；港池basin management 河流流域管理工作batching and mixing plant [concrete] 配料及拌合设备；配料及搅拌设备〔混凝土〕batching plant 混凝土配料机；混凝土配料厂bath tub 浴缸bathing shed 沙滩泳屋batholith 岩基bathroom 浴室bathymetric survey 海深测量batten 板条；木方batter 倾斜batter leader pile driver 斜导架打桩机batter pile 斜桩bay window 凸窗；窗台bazaar 市场Beach Seine Net Licence 近岸浅水围网牌照bead 门窗压条；护条；护角；焊珠beam 梁；横梁；“阵”beam and slab construction 梁板建筑beam and slab structure 梁板结构beam on elastic foundation 弹性基础梁；弹性地基梁beam raising ceremony 上梁仪式bearer 承木；托梁bearing capacity 承载力bearing capacity factor 承载力系数bearing capacity of the ground 土地承载力bearing force 承重能力；承载能力bearing pad 承重垫片；支承垫片bearing pile 承重桩；支承桩bearing pin 支承栓钉bearing plate 承重板；支承板bearing post 支承柱bearing pressure 承压应力bearing stress 承载应力；支承应力bearing surface 承载面；支承面bearing test 承载测试bearing wall 承重墙beating turf 拍打草皮；压实草皮bedding 垫层；层理；“打底”bedding layer 垫层bedding screed 地台砂浆底层bedplate 座板bedrock 基岩；基层岩bedroom 睡房；卧室bed-sit flatlet 厅房两用小单位bed-sit unit 厅房合一小单位bedspace apartment dweller 床位寓所住客bedspace apartment licensing scheme 床位寓所发牌制度Bedspace Apartments Authority 床位寓所监督bedspace lodger 位住客belated registration case 补办登记个案bellout 扩底bellout diameter 扩底直径bellow pot 气囊；气囊筒benching [manhole] 沟槽座〔沙井〕；“马枕”benchmark 水准点；基准点bending moment 弯矩；力矩bending schedule 弯钢筋表bending stiffness 弯曲刚度bending stress 弯曲应力beneficial occupation 使用物业作有价值的用途；实益占用beneficial owner 实益业主；实益拥有人beneficial ownership 实益所有权beneficial use 有价值用途；实益用途beneficiary living 现存受益人beneficiary under the trust 信托受益人Benkelman beam test 贝克曼梁试验benthic seabed grab survey 海底抓斗勘测bentonite 膨润土；皂土；膨土岩bentonite liner 膨润土衬垫berm 斜水级；坡级；截水沟；坡台berm channel 斜水平台渠bermstone 护脚石Besser block 百岁砖best rent 最高租金；最佳租金Better Building Management Campaign 优良楼宇管理活动betterment [real estate] 增值〔不动产〕betterment charge 增值征费better-off tenant 经济条件较佳租户；经济条件较佳住户bevel 斜角；削角；斜面bib cock 弯嘴旋塞；“龙头”bib tap 弯嘴水龙头；“星盆龙头”bid package 整套招标书bidet 下身盆bill of quantities 建筑工料清单；工程量清单；工程量表bill of variations 工程量更改清单Bills of Quantities System 建筑工料清单系统binder 结合料；黏合物binding agent 黏合剂bin-lifting refuse collection system 自动提桶收集垃圾方法binsite 垃圾桶放置处；垃圾桶站biotite 黑云母bit [drill] 钻头bitumen 沥青；柏油bitumen coat 沥青外搪层；沥青外衬bitumen felt 沥青纸bitumen lining 沥青内搪层；沥青衬里bituminous concrete 沥青混凝土bituminous friction course 沥青防滑层bituminous macadam 沥青碎石层〔道路〕bituminous material 沥青材料bituminous materials and aggregates testing 沥青材料及石料试验bituminous primer 沥青底涂料bituminous waterproof membrane 沥青防水膜black spot 环境黑点blackout 电力中断blacksmith 铁工blank flange 盲板凸缘；管口盖板blank gable 无窗山墙blanking plate 封板blast 燃爆；爆破blast cleaning 喷砂清理；爆破清洁blast-furnace slag cement 炉渣水泥blasting by abrasives 磨料喷砂blasting certificate 燃爆证书blasting permit 燃爆许可证blasting site 燃爆工地；爆破工地blasting works 燃爆工程；爆破工程bleed off pipe 溢流管bleed screw 放气螺钉；减压螺钉bleeding 泛油；渗色；泌浆〔混凝土〕；泌水性〔混凝土〕blended cement 混合水泥blending control 混合控制blinding 补路石砂blinding concrete 基础垫层混凝土；地基垫层混凝土blinding layer 基础垫层；地基垫层；“草鞋底”block 大厦；楼宇；厚板；座件block assessment 整体估价；以整幢大厦为一个估价单位；按大厦评估方法Block Crown Lease 集体官契block lease 集体租契；集体契约block letting 整幢出租block licence 集体牌照block plan 楼宇位置图；楼宇平面图block sample 块状样本；块样block tenancy 楼宇集体租赁block type 大厦类别block with structural deficiencies 结构有问题的大厦blockwork 砖工；砖造物blockwork seawall 方块海堤blockwork wall 方块体墙bluff 悬崖boarding house 旅馆boat dweller 艇户boat hoist 吊艇boat mooring zone 船只停泊区boat squatter 水上寮屋居民boatswain's chair 工作吊板bollard 矮柱；护柱bolster 承枕；横撑bolt 插销；螺栓；门闩bona fide mortgage 真正按揭bona fide tender 诚意投标bona fide transaction 真正交易bona fide villager 原籍村民bona vacantia property 无主物业bond 叠砌；黏合；砌合法bond breaker 黏合分隔材料；分隔料bond coat 黏合层；“打底层”bond course 束缚层bond strength 黏合强度bond stress 黏合应力bone-meal 骨粉bonus for completion 竣工奖金；完工奖金booking fee [sale and purchase of premises] 定金〔楼宇买卖〕boom 吊杆booster pump room 增压泵房booster pumping station 增压抽水站booster water pump 增压抽水机；增压水泵borated water storage tank 含硼水贮存箱bore 钻孔；内孔；内径bored pile 螺旋钻孔桩；钻孔灌注桩bored tunnel 钻挖的隧道borehole 钻孔；探土孔；挖孔borehole log 钻孔记录；挖孔记录borehole test 钻孔测试boric acid 硼酸boring 钻探；挖探boring machine 钻探机；镗borrow area 采泥区；采料区；取土区borrow light 透光窗；气窗bottle trap 瓶型气隔bottom dump 经舱底卸置；舱底式卸置bottom flush bolt 底部埋入插销bottom heave 坑底隆起；底鼓；底部隆起bottom layer 底层bottom level 底部标高bottom plate 底板bottom rail 下横档〔栏杆〕；下横栏〔门窗〕bottom-dump barge 开底运泥船boulder 砾石；巨砾；孤石boulder fall 砾石下坠；砾石泻坠boulder fence 防石栏bouldery colluvium 砾石崩积物boundary 界线；边界；界址boundary adjustment 地界调整boundary condition 边界条件boundary identification plan 地界辨认图boundary mark 地界标志；界址标记boundary of works area 施工范围boundary peg 地界栓钉boundary point 地界点boundary rectification 地界修正boundary re-establishment survey 地界重整测量boundary stone 界石boundary survey 地界测量Boundary Tribunal 地界审裁处boundary wall 边界墙box culvert 箱形暗渠；箱形涵洞；盒形排水渠box foundation 箱形基础；箱形地基box girder 箱形主梁；箱形大梁box out 预留箱形凹位box section 方形管；方通brace 撑杆；支撑braced excavation 支撑式挖掘braced structure 受横向支撑的结构；支撑结构bracing 支撑；斜撑；加劲bracing structure 横向支撑结构；支撑结构bracket 托架；支架；撑架branch family 分支家庭branch pipe 支管；分支喉管branch sewer 分支污水管branch village 分支乡村brazing 铜焊；合金焊接breach of lease conditions 违反批租条件；违反批地条件breach of tenancy conditions 违反租赁条件；违反租约规定break line 倾斜变换线；折线break tank room 减压水缸房breaker 轧碎机；碎石机；断路器breakglass unit 警报玻璃箱breaking strain 断裂应变breaking strength 断裂强度；抗断强度breaking stress 断裂应力breaking wave 破碎波breakwater 防波堤breather 通气孔；呼吸器breccia 角砾岩brick 砖brick closer 封口砖；“二寸二”brick course 砖层brick layer 砌砖工brick pier 砖柱brick works 砌砖工程brick-on-edge 侧置砖brick-on-edge wall 侧砖墙brickwork 砖造物；砖工bridge abutment 桥台bridge cable 大桥的钢索bridge crane 桥梁起重机；桥式吊机bridge deck 桥面板；桥板；桥面bridge deck level 桥面bridge deck unit 桥面组件；桥面构件bridge deck works 桥面工程bridge girder 桥主梁；桥大梁bridge pier 桥墩bridge tower 桥塔bridge works 桥梁工程British Standard Code of Practice 英国标准应用守则British Standard Specification 英国标准规格British Standards Institution 英国标准协会brittle failure 脆性损毁；脆性破坏"broad brush" approach 广义划分方法；概括分组方法Broad Long Term Pattern of Port Development 概略的港口长期发展模式brochure price [sale of premises] 售楼说明书上的价格broken joint 错缝接合；顺砖式砌合；顺砌法brown asbestos 褐石棉brushing lacquer 手扫漆bucket conveyor 斗式输送机bucket dredger 链斗式挖泥船buckling 压曲；压弯buckling load 压曲荷载；压曲临界荷载buffer area 缓冲地区；缓冲区。

专业名词
专业名词是指在特定领域或学科中使用的特定词汇或术语。

这些名词通常具有特定的含义和用法，并且在该领域内被广泛接受和理解。

不同的领域和学科都有自己的一套专业名词，例如：
1. 医学领域：如解剖学、生理学、病理学、药理学等方面的专业名词，如神经元、心率、癌细胞、抗生素等。

2. 工程领域：如机械工程、电气工程、土木工程、化学工程等方面的专业名词，如齿轮、电路、混凝土、催化剂等。

3. 计算机科学领域：如编程、算法、数据结构、网络等方面的专业名词，如代码、循环、二叉树、互联网等。

4. 法律领域：如民法、商法、刑法、国际法等方面的专业名词，如合同、公司、犯罪、人权等。

5. 金融领域：如投资、风险管理、财务报表等方面的专业名词，如股票、债券、风险敞口、资产负债表等。

了解和正确使用专业名词对于进行学术研究、专业交流以及理解和解决相关领域的问题都非常重要。

它们帮助人们更准确、有效地沟通和表达特定的概念、原理和技术。

冶金专业词汇词典
一、矿石类。

1. Ore [ɔː(r)]，n.（名词）
- 含义：矿石，矿砂。

例如：Iron ore（铁矿石）。

2. Gangue [ɡæŋ]，n.（名词）
- 含义：脉石，矿石中的杂质。

例如：Separate the gangue from the ore（将脉石从矿石中分离出来）。

二、冶炼过程相关。

1. Smelt [smelt]，v.（动词）
- 含义：熔炼，冶炼。

例如：They smelt the copper ores in the furnace.（他们在熔炉中冶炼铜矿石）。

2. Refine [rɪˈfaɪn]，v.（动词）
- 含义：精炼，提纯。

例如：Refine the iron to make steel（精炼铁以制造钢）。

三、金属材料类。

1. Steel [stiːl]，n.（名词）
- 含义：钢。

例如：Carbon steel（碳钢）。

2. Iron [ˈaɪən]，n.（名词）
- 含义：铁。

例如：Cast iron（铸铁）。

四、冶金设备类。

1. Furnace [ˈfɜːnɪs]，n.（名词）
- 含义：熔炉，火炉。

例如：Blast furnace（高炉）。

2. Crucible [ˈkruːsɪbl]，n.（名词）
- 含义：坩埚。

例如：Put the metal in the crucible for melting.（把金属放入坩埚中熔化）。

管道专业术语常用英语单词在引进装置、涉外及中外合资技术改造工程的技术资料中，经常要接触到英语单词。

由于管道安装涉及多项工程技术，而不从属于任何一项工程技术分支，故其技术性质有一定特殊性，不少英语词汇是在实践中逐渐形成的，借助一般科技英汉词典有时也难以找到它们的确切含意。

现将管道安装工程中出现较多的单词整理列出，如果能熟悉这些单词，对阅英文图纸能收到事半功倍的效果。

一、专业名词术语设计图ayout；design 毛重gross weight施工图final 净重net weight平面图plan 支座saddle立面图elevation 支架support轴测图、透视图isometric drawing；detail drawing 吊架cradle详图、大样图、接点图record drawing 间距distance；clearance；spacing修改图竣工图as-completed drawing；as-built drawing 跨距span图名title 焊接welding图号drawn No. 焊缝weld；welding seam；bead比例scale 石棉水泥接口asbestos-cement joint温度temperature 青铅接口lead joint设计温度design temperature 承口、大头hub；bell；socket湿度humidity 插口、小头spigot流量flow 压力试验pressure test流速flow velocity 水压试验hydraulic test摄氏温度centigrade scale(℃) 渗漏leakage华氏温度Fahrenheit scale(°F) 关闭close公称直径nominal diameter(DN) 型号、类型type；model外径outside diameter(OD) 尺寸、体积size；volume内径inside diameter(ID) 功率power一览表list；breviate；catalogue 转速rotating speed重量weight二、材料设备镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe 溢流管overflow pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe 循环管circulation pipe无缝钢管seamless steel pipe 放水管ajutage不锈钢管stainless steel pipe 煤气管gas pipe铸铁给水管cast iron pipe for water 压缩空气管compressed air pipe 铸铁排水管cast iron pipe for waste 液化石油气管LPG pipe铜管copper pipe 氧气管O2 pipe聚氯乙烯塑料管PVC pipe 乙炔管C2H2 pipe硬聚氯乙烯塑料管UPVC pipe 真空管vacuum pipe陶土管、缸瓦管vitrified pipe 地下管道underground pipe预应力混凝土管prestressed concrete pipe 顶管jacking螺纹连接管道screwed pipe；thread pipe 埋深placing depth套管、保护管casing pipe；casing protected pipe 管沟trench管道附件pipe auxiliaries 管道工plumber阀门valve 安装install；erect；fit；fix手动阀manually operated valve 安装工程installation气动阀pneumatically operated valve 组装make-up；assemble电磁阀electromagnetically operated valve 热水采暖hot water heating 电动阀electrically operated valve 蒸汽采暖steam heating闸阀gate valve 自动消防系统automatic fire system截止阀break valve 喷水灭火系统sprinker system止回阀、单向阀check valve；back-pressure valve 埋设、暗敷built-in球阀globe valve；ball cock 总管main pipe减压阀pressure reducing valve 立管stack；riser疏水阀steam trap 横管horizontal安全阀safety valve 水平管horizontal浮球阀float valve 支管branch pipe角阀angle valve 向上去to above(T/A)蝶阀butterfly valve 向下去to below(T/B)底阀、吸水阀foot valve 坐标coordinates过滤器strainer；filter 绝对标高absolute elevation；absolute level水嘴、龙头tap 相对标高relative elevation；relative level冲洗阀flush valve 坡度slope旁通阀by-pass valve 找中心centring旋塞cock；plug cock 安装误差installation deviation管件pipe fitting 绝对压力absolute pressure马铁配件mitis iron fittings 相对压力relative pressure弯头elbow 设计压力design pressure三通Tee 操作压力operating pressure四通cross 盲板、法兰盖blind补芯、内外丝bushing 垫片gasket管接头coupler；socket 螺栓bolt活接头、由任union 螺母nut异径管、大小头reducer 盘根、密封填料packing短接头、对丝nipple 软管接头connection锁母、纳子nut U形螺丝、U形轧头stirrup管堵、塞头plug 洗脸盆、面盆washbasin；lavatory套筒、套袖sleeve 大便器、马桶closet；water closet；lavatory bowl 弯管bend 浴缸bath tub乙字管offset 小便斗urinalU形弯close return bend 莲蓬头、淋浴器shower；shower nozzle法兰flange 地漏floor drain设计design 存水弯siphon trap；trap；running trap校对check 卫生设备plumbing fixture；sanitary fitting专业负责人chief 水泵pump设计总负责人project chief 水塔water tower投标tender；bid 水表disc meter；rating meter概算budget estimate 离心泵centrifugal pump预算(表)budget 消火栓、消防龙头fire hydrant；fire plug决算actual budget 室内消火栓indoor fire hydrant规范、标准、准则code；standard 室外消火栓outdoor fire hydrant底层ground floor(英)；first floor(美) 地上消火栓post fire hydrant二层first floor(英)；second floor(美) 地下消火栓flush fire hydrant三层second floor(英)；third floor(美) 消防箱fire box锅炉房boiler room 泡沫灭火器foam fire extinguisher泵房pump room 卤代烷灭火器halon fire extinguisher楼上upstairs 二氧化碳灭火器CO2 fire extinguisher楼下downstairs 干粉灭火器powder fire extinguisher夹层mezzanine 清水灭火器plain water fire extinguisher地下室basement；cellar 消防器材five apparatus；fire-fight extinguisher 顶层groof；ceiling；top floor 报警器warning卧室、起居室bed room；living room 水箱tank盥洗间lavatory 锅炉boiler厕所toilet 补偿器、膨胀节compensator；expander浴室bathroom 散热器(片)radiator厨房kitchen 加热器heater技术要求specification 热交换器heat exchanger外观检查visual inspection 人孔man hole；hatch验收、认可accept；acceptance 空调器air conditioner现场site；job site, working site 煤气表gas meter工期completion period 煤气灶gas cooker扫地出门job clean up 绝缘跨接导线bridle wire竣工complete 冷凝器condenser进水管inlet pipe 油分离器oil separator出水管outlet pipe 防锈漆rust protection paint上水管water pipe；feed water；water supply 保温层insulation；insulator 下水管drain pipe；waste pipe 压力表pressure gauge废水管waste pipe 温度计temperature gauge；thermometer粪便污水管soil pipe, sewer pipe 液位计level gauge；level indicator透气管vent pipe 下水窨井drain well雨水管storm drain pipe；storm sewer 污水窨井sewer man-hole 冷水管cold water pipe 化粪池septic tank；anaerobic tank热水管hot water pipe 阀门井valve well蒸气管steam pipe 冷冻水管freezing water pipe冷凝水管condensate pipe 回水管return water pipe冷却水管cooling water pipe。

心理学名词词典1.行为暗示用行为“符号”进行暗示的活动。

2.间接暗示暗示者不显露动机，把事物的意义间接地提供给受暗示者，从而对人的心理和行为施加影响。

即让人领会言外之意、弦外之音。

3.反暗示即抵制暗示影响的现象。

亦即暗示所引起的相反指向，暗示的实际效用与暗示的目的相反。

4.直接暗示把某一事物的意义直接提供给对方，使之迅速而无意识地加以接受的暗示，这种暗示指向性很明确，亦称提示。

5.说服通过交换意见、参观访问、收听广播、观看影视、阅读报刊等方式改变人们的偏见及转变不正确的观念与信念的方法。

6.整合指机体或细胞中，各组成部分在结构上组织严密，功能上协同动作，组成完整的系统。

7.嫉妒与他人比较，发现自己在才能、名誉、地位或境遇等方面不如别人而产生的一种由羞愧、愤怒、怨恨等组成的复杂情绪状态。

8.荣誉是对某个人思想和行为的社会价值所作出的公认的客观评价和主观意向。

低水平的成才动机：指理想和目标比较狭隘，作用时间往往较短，容易被其它刺激因素所左右，随着一定的环境、条件和自身的情绪、兴趣的变化而变化。

9.反暗示即抵制暗示影响的现象。

亦即暗示所引起的相反指向，暗示的实际效用与暗示的目的相反。

10.外部感觉外部感觉（external sensation）接受外部刺激，反映外界事物特性的感觉，如视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉和皮肤感觉。

其感受器位于体表。

皮肤感觉和味觉的感觉受器称为接触性感受器。

外界事物只有和这两种感受器直接接触，才能引起感觉；视觉、听觉和嗅觉的感受器，称远距离感受器，外界事物在一定距离外，通过媒介的作用，引起感觉。

11.无意象思维无意象思维（imageless thinking）没有意象参与或不需意象参与的思维。

19世纪末和20世纪初，在O.屈尔佩领导下的符兹堡学派，与W.冯特和E.B.铁钦内的正统派心理学,就思维过程是否必须以意象为基础这一问题,从理论上和经验事实上展开了长达15年的争论。

符兹堡学派由于在思维实验过程中没有发现含有构造主义心理学所发现的感觉意象元素的证据,因而提出无意象思维这个概念。

词典学术语abbreviation缩略语abbreviative notation缩略标记abridged删节的，未足本的abridged dictionary节本词典abridgement删节，节本absolute equivalent绝对对应词absolute synonym绝对同义词abusage滥用abusive language辱骂语academic dictionary学术词典academic lexicography学术词典学academy dictionary学院词典accent mark重音号acceptability接受性acceptability rating接受等级access alphabet检索字母表access point检索项access structure检索结构acknowledges致谢项acrolect上层方言acronym首字母缩略词active dictionary积极词典，主动性词典active vocabulary积极词汇adjectival noun形容词性名词adjective complement形容词性补语adjective compound复合形容词adjunct附加性副词adnominal名词修饰语advanced searches高级搜索affix词缀affixation词缀法，词缀词agglutinative language黏着型语言alien word外来词allomorph语素变体allophone音位变体allusion典故alphabetic arrangement字母顺序排列alphabetic order字母顺序alphabetic sequence字母顺序alphabetic writing字母文字，拼音文字alphabetization按字母顺序排列alphanumeric combination字母数字组合词alphapedia字顺百科alternative lexicography另类词典学ambiguity歧义ambilogy双关语amelioration of meaning词义的扬升Americanism美国词语，美式英语Ampersand&号（=and）analogical dictionary类义词典analytic definition分析式释义analytic language分析型语言analytical ordering分析排列angle brackets尖括号animate noun生物名词，动物名词anisomorphism语言差异性antedating早于已摘录文献的引语anthroponymy人名学antidictionary反动词典appendix附录appreciative赞赏的，褒义的appropriateness得体性，适切性approximative equivalent近义对等词arch弓形符（即︵）archaic word古词archaism古体，古语archaizing dictionary仿古词典archeography古文献学archive引语档案areal linguistics区域语言学argot黑话arrow箭号article词条，条目artificial language人工语言asserted meaning陈述意义association联想association by contiguity相邻联想association by contrast对比联想association by similarity类似联想association group联想词群associational word联想词associative meaning联想意义asterisk星号（*）at单价号（@）attestation isolee个别使用attributive adjective修饰性形容词authentic example真确性例证authentication求证authenticity真实性author dictionary独编词典author’s dictionary作家词典automatic lemmatization自动归目automatic lexicography自动词典学autosemantic word自义词auxiliary verb助动词back clipping截尾缩略back matter附录部分，后文back matter structure附录结构back page material后页材料back-formation逆构词法backward dictionary逆序词典，倒排词典barbarism不纯正的词语，粗野语base词基，词根base structure基础结构base word词目base-repeating词根重叠释义法basic searches基本搜索basic sense基本义项basic vocabulary基本词汇basic word stock基本词汇bias word倾向性词语bias-free vocabulary无偏见词汇biblical expression圣经词语bibliography书目；目录学bidirectional dictionary双向双语词典bifunctional dictionary双功能词典big dictionary大型词典bilingual dictionary双语词典bilingual edition双解本，双解版bilingual learner’s dictionary双语学习词典bilingual lexicography双语词典学bilingual thesaurus双语分类词典bilingualized dictionary双解词典biographical dictionary人名词典biographical entry人名条目biographical lexicography人名词典学biographical sources传记资料blend混成词，拼缀词blending混成法，拼缀法；拼缀词bogey怪字bold-faced type黑体字borrowed word外借词borrowing借词bound equivalent局限对应词bound form黏附形式bound morpheme黏着词素bound root黏着词根braces大括号brackets方括号breve短音符bridge dictionary桥接词典British National Corpus英国国家语料库broad notation宽式标音法broad transcription宽式音标，宽式记音法browser浏览器buying guide购买指南cacography拼写错误cacology用词不当calque仿照词canonical form标准形式cant隐语，黑话capital letter大写字母caret脱字号（^）casual style随便语体，随意文本catachresis词语误用catchword眉词，导词categorical diversity范畴的差异性categorical equivalence范畴对应关系categorical identity范畴一致性categorization划分范畴，归类caution提醒号CD-ROM dictionary光盘词典censorship审查制度census普查，调查centered period分节点，音节号，中黑点（·）character dictionary字典character set字集check mark核对号（√）children’s dictionary儿童词典chronological dictionary序时词典circular definition循环释义circularity循环释义，互训circumflex音调符号，长音符号circumlocution迂回曲折表达法，遁词citation引语，书证，例证citation file引例档案classificatory label分类标注，类别标记clause idiom成语性分句cliché陈词滥调clipped form截短形式clipped word截短词clipping截短法close construction封闭结构closed combination封闭型组合closed corpus封闭式语料库closed-class words封闭性词类code代码codification编码coding代码化cognate同源词cognitive meaning认知意义coherence连贯性co-hyponym共下义词，共同受支配词coinage新造词语coined term新造术语coined word新造词，新创词college dictionary大学词典collegiate dictionary大学词典collocation搭配（关系）collocational information搭配信息collocative meaning搭配意义colloquial language口语colloquial standard口语标准语colloquial word口语词colloquialism口语词colorpedia彩图百科comb effect梳子效应combinatory possibility组合可能性combinatory variant组合变体combining form组合形式commercial dictionary商业词典common core vocabulary基本词汇，共有核心词汇common usage普通用法common word普通词compact dictionary缩印词典compact edition缩印版comparative lexicography比较词典学compilation（词典）编纂compiler编纂者compiler perspective编篡者视角complementaries互补反义词complete antonym完全反义词complete synonym完全同义词complex word复杂词componential analysis成分分析，义素分析composition合词法compound复合词compound word复合词，合成词compounding复合构词法comprehensive dictionary详解词典computational lexicography计算词典学computer lexicography计算机词典学conceptual connection概念联系conceptual dictionary概念词典conceptual meaning概念意义concise dictionary简明词典concordance语词索引confrontationist linguistics对照语言学conjunct连接性副词connotation隐含意义；附加意义；内涵connotative meaning内涵意义connotative style咨询文体content word实义词context语境context definition语境释义法context of situation言语环境，情景语境contextual definition语境释义contextual function语境功能contextual meaning语境意义contextual theory语境理论contract word缩写词contracted form,contraction缩写contradictory term对立性反义词contrast对称词contrastive analysis对比分析contrastive linguistics对比语言学conversion词类转化法conversive换位反义词cooccurrence同现cooccurrence relation同现关系cooccurrence restriction同现限制cooccurrence-range搭配cooccurrent meaning共现意义copying in dictionaries词典抄借copyright版权core group核心词群core sense核心义项core vocabulary核心词汇core word核心词co-reference互见corpus语料库corpus composition语料库的组成corpus correction语料库矫正corpus-orient lexicography语料库技术词典学correction矫正correctness正确性count noun可数名词countable noun可数名词coverage覆盖度creole混合语creolized language混合语cross reference互参，互见，交互参照cross-classification交叉结构cross-reference structure参见结构cryptogram密码cryptology隐语cultivated spoken language有教养的口头语言cultivated usage优雅用法cultural borrowing文化借用cultural context文化环境cultural dictionary文化词典cultural guide文化向导cultural lexicography文化词典学cultural-bound lexical item文化局限词汇项cultural-bound term(word)文化局限词cultural-loaded expression文化含义词cultural-specific vocabulary文化局限词汇culture-specific vocabulary文化局限词汇cuneiform,cuneiform writing楔形文字curtailed word缩短词cyclopedia百科全书cynicism挖苦语dagger剑号（┼）data bank数据库database数据库，资料库databases&audio-visual materials数据库与声像资料data-processing资料加工，数据处理dead affix废弃的词缀，废缀dead conjugation已经不用的词形变化形式dead language死语言dead metaphor死隐语dead word废词deadjective suffix附加于形容词的后缀deadjective verb来自形容词的动词declension（静词）词尾变化decode解码decoding dictionary解码词典decoding function解码功能de-etymologization词源中断definiendum被下定义的词语，被释词目definiens(pl.definientia)下定义用的词语，释义defining dictionary释义词典defining vocabulary(DV)定义用词汇，定义用词汇总表definition释义，定义deflexion词尾消失degeneration of meaning词义的降格deictic field指示范围denominal adjective来自名词的形容词denominal noun来自名词的名词denominal suffix附加于名词的后缀denominal verb来自名词的动词denotation所指意义，字面意义denotational meaning指称意义，所指意义denotative meaning外延意义denotatum(pl.denotata)所指客观对象density of entries词条密度derivation派生词；派生法derivation by zero suffix零位后缀派生法derivational affix派生词缀derivational antonym派生反义词derivational compound派生复合词derivational morpheme派生形素derivational suffix派生后缀derivative派生词derived form源出（<）derived sense派生义项derived stem派生词干deriving form派生形式derogatory贬损的，贬义的description描写descriptive dictionary描写性词典descriptive equivalent描写性对应词descriptive function描写功能descriptive trend描写性倾向descriptivism描写主义descriptor系索词，标志词designate定义，所指内容的组成designation指称意义designative word指称词designatum(pl.designata)所指内容desk dictionary案头词典desktop e-dictionary桌面电子词典desktop electronic-dictionary桌面电子词典deterioration of meaning词义降格，词义贬降determiner限定词deverbal adjective来自于动词的形容词deverbal noun来自于动词的名词deverbal suffix附加于动词的后缀diachronic approach历时角度diachronic dictionary历时词典diacritic变音符，附加符号diacritic sign附加符号diacritical mark变音符，附加符号diacritical marking符号标音法dialect dictionary方言词典dialect lexicography方言词典学dialectism方言词语diction措词dictionary词典，字典dictionary awareness词典意识dictionary criticism词典批评dictionary culture词典文化dictionary family词典家族dictionary for comprehension理解型词典dictionary for production生成型词典dictionary for speakers of the source language源语用户词典dictionary for speakers of the target language目的语用户词典dictionary for translation翻译词典dictionary form词典形式dictionary history词典史dictionary lookup词典查检dictionary maker词典编篡者dictionary making词典编篡dictionary meaning词典意义dictionary of proverbs谚语词典dictionary of the literary language书面语词典dictionary of the spoken language口语词典dictionary proper正文部分dictionary research词典研究dictionary review词典评论dictionary structure词典结构dictionary text词典语篇dictionary typology词典类型学dictionary use词典使用dictionary user词典使用者dictionary with bilingual双解词典dictionary word词典词didactic function教导功能differentia specifica属差differentia(pl.differentiae)种差differential dictionary区别性词典differential linguistics区别语言学diglossia双语现象diglottic level双语现象的变体diminutive指小（词）diminutive suffix指小后缀directories of agencies机构指南disambiguation消除歧义discourse meaning话语意义discrimination辨异，词义辨析disjunct分离性副词distinctive feature区别性特征distributional analysis分布分析法ditransitive verb双宾语动词ditto“同上”号（″）division into syllables分音节DJ丹尼尔▪琼斯标音法domesticated word归化词dominant sense主要意义double brackets双方括号double check双核对号（√）double dagger双剑号（╪）double scale组成一对的同义词double virgules双斜线号（//）doublet同源异体字echoic word拟声词edition版本editor编辑EFL lexicography英语作为外语的学习词典学electronic bilingual dictionary电子双语词典electronic dictionary电子词典electronic lexicography电子词典学elevation of meaning词义的扬升ellipsis省略号（…）ELT lexicography英语教学词典学emotive meaning情感意义emotive overtone感情色彩empirical ordering经验排列enclitic后接词encode编码，组码encoding dictionary编码词典encoding function编码功能encyclopedia百科全书encyclopedia definition百科释义encyclopedic dictionary百科词典encyclopedic entry百科条目encyclopedic matter百科信息English Philological Society英语语文协会entailed meaning蕴含意义entry条目，词条entry pane条目窗entry word词目ephemeral word瞬息新词equivalent对应词equivalent analogue等值的对应体ESL(English as second language)作为第二语言的英语ethnolinguistic bilingual dictionary人类语言学双语词典etymological dictionary词源词典etymology词源（学）euphemism委婉语everyday expression日常用语example,example-sentence例句exclamation mark感叹号exegetic dictionary注释词典exemplification括注法explanatory definition解说式释义explanatory equivanlent解释对等词explanatory gloss解释性说明explicit cross-reference明示互参extended sense引申意义extension外延extension of meaning语义扩大extinct language死语，死亡语extralinguistic context语言外语境familiar style非正式文体family of languages语系field场field theory词场理论field label学科标注figurative meaning比喻意义figurative speech比喻语figurative-metaphorical比喻隐喻的figure of speech修辞格file资料档案files of citation引例档案filler-in填空词fist参见号fixed accent固定重音fixed collocation固定搭配fixed phrase固定短语fixed stress固定重音fixed word-combination固定词组fixed word-order固定词序folk definition通俗释义folk etymology民俗词源，俗词源学folk speech民间语folk usage通俗用法folk-etymological民俗词源的forcing example强迫性例证foreign affix外来词缀foreign learner’s dictionary外国学习者词典foreign word外来词，外语词foreignism外来词语form of address称呼形式form speech正式言语form style正式文体form word形式词format板式，开本formative构词成分formulaic definition程式释义four-letter word四字母语，粗俗词语frame(structure)框架（结构）free combination自由组合free morpheme自由语素free root自由词根free translation意译free variant自由变体free variation自由变异free word order自由词序French quotes法文引号，书名号frequency词频frequency word-book频率词表front and back clipping对词的首部与尾部的缩略front clipping对词的首部的缩略front matter前页部分front matter,front page material前页，前页材料，（正文前的）材料frozen expression定型短语frozen style拘谨文体full homonym实足同形同音异义词full word实词，完全词function word功能词，虚词functional equivalent功能等值functional label功能标注functional language功能语言functional marker功能标记functional typology功能分类法functional varieties功能变体functional word功能词，虚词fuzzy terms模糊词语gazetteer地名索引，地名词典gem dictionary珍宝词典，精选词典general concordance普通词表general dictionary通用词典；普通词典generalization of meaning词的普遍化general-purpose bilingual dictionary综合性双语词典，通用双语词典general-purpose dictionary综合性（语文）词典general-purpose English dictionary综合性英语词典generative dictionary生成词典generic term类属词genus总属genus proximum近种geographical dictionary地理词典geographical entry地理条目geographical sources地理资料ghostword鬼词，别字giving synonyms同义词释义gleaning补遗gloss夹注，注释glossary注释词表，术语汇编glueword连接词gobbledygook官样文章Gothic writing哥特体字，黑体字governed word受支配词governing word支配词government publications政府出版物gradable adjective等级形容词grammar语法grammatical bound meaning受语法限制的意义grammatical coding语法代码grammatical collocation语法搭配grammatical context语法语境grammatical function语法功能grammatical information语法信息grammatical labeling语法代码grammatical marker语法标记grammatical motivation语法理据grammatical pattern语法模式grammatical sequence语法序列grammatically-partial word虚词graphic illustration插图，图解graphic substance形的实体graphic symbol书写符号guide word眉题，向导词habitual collocation习惯性搭配habitual co-occurrence习惯性同现handheld electronic dictionary掌上电子词典haplography掉字，漏写hard word难词head phrase词条headword词目heavy-duty word重负荷词hesitation-form犹豫形式hierarchical structure层级结构hierarchical system层级系统hieroglyphic writing象形文字high word高位词historical comparative linguistics历史比较语言学historical dictionary（按历史原则编写的）历史词典historical lexicography历史词典学historical ordering历史排列historical principle历史性原则historism历史词语homograph同形异义词homography同形异义homonym同音异义词，同形异义词homonymy同音异义，同形异义homophone mark同音号humorous幽默的hybrid混合词hybrid language混杂词hybrid word混合词，杂交词hyperonym总义词hypersemanticized discourse超语义化的说法hyphen连字符；隔音号hyphenated name连号hyphenation断词hyphenation routine连字法规则hypocoristic form爱称形式hypocoristic word爱称词hyponym下义词hyponymy下义关系identifying indication识别性说明ideogram表意文字ideographic symble表意符号ideographic writing表意文字ideography表意文字研究ideographical dictionary概念词典，义类词典ideographical function意识功能idiom习语，成语idiomatic expression习惯性词语idiomatic usage习惯用法idiomatics习语学，成语学illiterate language文盲用语illustration插图，例证illustrative citation例证，引证illustrative example说明性例句；例证illustrative quotation例证imitation binding仿古装帧imitative semantic change语义变化模仿immediate postpositive直接后置形容词implicative method隐含法implicit cross-reference暗示互参impolite word不礼貌用语imposition强加inappropriate不得体的indention缩格index索引index verborum词语出处索引indexation索引检索indexes&abstracts索引与摘要indexing language索引语言infix中缀inflected language屈折语inflection屈折变化inflectional affix屈折词缀inflectional language屈折语inflectional morpheme屈折词素inflectional variant屈折变体inflective language屈折语inflexion屈折变化inflexional ending词尾屈折inflexional language屈折语inflexional series屈折序列inflexional suffix屈折后缀informal style非正式文体informant语言调查合作人information card背景资料卡information category信息范畴information retrieval language情报检索语言informative dictionary知识性词典initial inflexion开首屈折initial part词首部分initialism首字母连写词inkhorn term学究气的用语innovation新造词insertible equivalent可插入对应词instruction manual说明手册instrument language古今语言instrumental case工具格intensifier强调成分interactive dictionary交互词典interface language接口语言interjection感叹词interlingual dictionary语际词典interlingual interference语际障碍interlingual purism语际语言纯正主义International Phonetic Alphabet(IPA)国际音标，国际音标注音法internationalism国际词intimate style亲昵语体intralingual purism内部语言纯正主义introspective example自省性例证invented example自造词irregular inflection不规则屈折形式italic斜体字italic bold-face type斜黑体jargon行话KK KK音标koine共通语，共同语language for specific purposes专门用途语言language notes语言说明language transfer语言迁移language typology语言类型学langue语言，语言系统latent word潜在词Latinism拉丁词语learned word文言词learner’s dictionary学生词典lemma词目lemma unit词目单位letter-by-letter arrangement纯字母排列法lexeme词汇单位；词位，词素，词项lexical词汇的，语词的lexical ambiguity词汇歧义；词汇模糊性lexical collocation词汇搭配lexical context词汇语境lexical density词汇密度lexical entry词项，语词条目lexical equivalent词义对应词lexical expression词汇表达方式lexical field词汇场lexical gap词汇空缺lexical grammar词汇语法lexical item词汇单位；词位，词素，词项lexical meaning词汇意义lexical set词群，词集lexical stock词汇总库lexical unit词汇单位lexical word词汇词lexicographer词典学家，词典编篡者lexicographese词典用语lexicographic context词典语境lexicography词典学，词典编篡，词典编篡学lexicology词汇学lexicon词典（尤指古代语言的词典）；词库ligature连音符lingua franca混合语，通用语，交际语linguistic context语言语境linguistic dictionary语文词典linguistic matter语言信息linguistic typology硬译分类学linguistics across culture跨文化语言学literal error排字错误，印刷错误literal meaning字面意义literal translation直译，硬译literary书面语literary language文学语言literary standard文学标准语literary word书面词语live suffix活后缀living affix现在通用的词缀living conjugation“活”的（词形）变化living language现用语言，活语言living word现在通用的词汇loan blend借词混成词，借词拼缀词loan shift转用借词loan translation翻译借词，仿译词loan word借词，外来词local dialect地方方言locution措词logical definition逻辑式定义logical ordering逻辑排列logographic lexicon字典logography速记符long vowel长元音lower-case letter小写字母（印刷用语）LSP lexicography专业英语词典学machine-readable dictionary机读词典machine-aided lexicography机助词典学macro-lexicography宏观词典学macron长音符（加在元音上的“-”）macrostructure宏观结构made-up example自造例main word主导词majuscule大写字母makeshift language代用语言malformation构词错误，误构manual手册maps&atlases地图与地图集marginal meaning外延意义mark,marker标记master index总索引meaning意义meaning discrimination词义辨析meaning-oriented principle意义中心原则means of access检索途径measure adjective度量形容词measure noun度量名词mechanical dictionary电脑词典mediostructure中间结构medium dictionary中型词典megastruture整体结构metalanguage元语言metalexicography元词典学metaphor隐喻metaphoric meaning比喻意义，喻义metaplasm词形变异methodology方法论metonymy换喻，转喻microcontext微观语境microglossary微词典microlexicography微观词典学microstructure微观结构middle matter正文部分midline dot分节点mixed language混合语modal verb情态动词mode式momentary event verb瞬间动作动词monolingual dictionary单语词典monolingual lexicography单语词典学monosemic word单义词monosemy单义性moribund language垂死语言morpheme语素morpheme word语素词morphemic arrangement语素顺序排列morphemic dictionary词素词典morphemical mark形态符号morphology词法morphology label词法标注mother tongue negative transfer母语负迁移motional verb动作动词motivated word有理据的词motivation of word词的理据multi-lingual dictionary多语词典multilingual lexicography多语词典学multi-media dictionary多媒体词典multiword lexical unit多单词词位，复词词汇单位narrow Romic严式罗密克音标narrow transcription严式音标，窄式记音法narrowed meaning狭义narrowing词义缩小native affix本族词缀native language本族语native speaker说本族语的人native speaker’s dictionary本族语词典native word本族词natural language自然语言near-synonym近义词negative transfer负迁移neoclassic formation新古典词的构词法neoclassic word新古典词neologism新词nest(ing)派生词群nest-alphabetic method词集字母排列法nil-equivalent零对应词，无对应词noetics义位学nomenclature术语集nominal definition名目定义nonce-word临时词non-designative非指称词non-echoic word非拟声词non-gradable adjective非等级形容词non-historical dictionary非历史词典non-insertible equivalent非插入对应词non-productive无构词能力的non-restrictive collocation非限制性搭配nonstandard非标准（用语）normal dictionary传统词典normative dictionary规范词典normative lexicography规范性词典学notional passive意义上被动notional system概念系统notional word实义词noun名词noun adjunct附加名词noun cluster名词词组noun compound复合名词noun of multitude群体名词noun-drivative派生名词now rare目前少用nuance细微差别numbered clause分节号（§）numeral数词object宾语object language目的语，对象语言obsolescent陈旧的obsolete已废的obsolete affix废缀obsolete word旧词obsoletism已废弃的词语one-phrase definition单一短语释义法one-to-one correspondence一一对应one-to-one equivalent一一对等on-line dictionary在线词典，网络词典onomasiological gap词汇空缺；名称空缺onomasiology定名学onomasticon专名词典onomatopoeic word拟声词open combination开放型组合open corpus开放式语料库open-class words开放性词类opposite meaning对立意义optional variant随意变体oratorical style演说文体ordinal number序数词ordinals序数词orthographic criterion书写标准orthographic syllable拼法音节orthography正字法，拼写法ostensive definition直观定义ostensive definition直观释义法output language输出语outside matter正文外部分overall-descriptive dictionary全面描写词典over-defining过度释义P marker短语标记pagination页码检索paper dictionary纸质词典paradigm（名词、动词等的）词形变化表paragraph分节号（§）；段落；段落号（▪）parallel bars平行号（║）parent language母语，源语parentheses圆括号parole言语paronym形似词partial conversion部分词类转化partial equivalent部分对应词partial homonym部分同音同形异义词participle分词particle小品词，语助词parts of speech词类parts-of-speech label词性标注passive dictionary被动型词典，消极词典patois土话pedagogical dictionary教学词典pedagogical lexicography教学词典学pejorative轻蔑词pejorative epithet表贬损的修饰语pejorative suffix贬义后缀perfect antonym完全反义词perfect equivalence完全对等perfect equivalent完全对等词perfect homonym完全同音同形异义词period句号period dictionary断代词典period lexicography断代词典学peripheral kinds of vocabulary边缘性词汇peripheral language外围语periphrastic definition迂回定义peroration of meaning词义的降格personal suffix人称后缀phantom word幻象词phenomenological typology现象分类法philological bilingual dictionary语文学双语词典philological dictionary语文词典philology语文学phoneme音位，音素phonemic notation音标，音位标音法phonemic transcription音位标音phonemic word音位词phonemics音位学，音素学phonetic acronym语音缩写词phonetic alphabet音标，语音字母phonetic change语音演变phonetic convergence音变的汇合phonetic hyphen隔音号（-）phonetic motivation拟声理据phonetic pattern语音模式phonetic spelling表音拼写法phonetic syllable语音音节phonetic symbol音标，音符phonetic transcription注音，标音法phonetic writing拼音文字phoneticism音标拼词法phonographic alphabet表音字母phonology音系学，音位学phrasal verb短语动词phrase短语，词组phrase clipping短语略写phrase idiom惯用短语phrase marker短语标记phraseological dictionary熟语词典phraseological lexicography熟语词典学phraseology熟语，熟语集phrasing措词pictograph象形文字pictographic writing图画文字pictorial arrangement图式顺序排列pictorial dictionary图画词典pictorial illustration插图pidgin混杂语pidgin English洋泾浜英语plurality复数性，多重性plurilingual多语种的plurilingualism多语制pocket dictionary袖珍词典pocket electronic dictionary掌上电子词典poetic word诗歌用语poetical archaic word诗用古词poetry诗体poetism诗体词语polite formulas礼貌套语polylingual多语种的polylingual dictionary多语种对照词典polylingualism多语制polyseme,polysemous word多义词（现象）polysemy多义现象，一词多义polysyllable多音节词polytechnic dictionary科技词典popular etymology俗词源学popular language俗语popular word俗语词portmanteau word紧缩词post-modifier后置修饰语postpositive后置形容词pragmalinguistics语用语言学pragmatic analysis语用分析pragmatic equivalent语用对应词pragmatic failure语用失误pragmatics语用学predeterminer前置限定词predicative表语preface序言prefix前缀prefixation加前缀premodifier前置修饰语prescriptive规范性的prescriptive dictionary规范词典prescriptive grammar规定语法prescriptive lexicography规定性词典学prescriptive trend规定性倾向prescriptivism规定主义present participle现在分词presentational affix表义词缀presentational or tectonic typology表述（或构造）分类法primary accent主重音primary linguistic data第一手语言资料primary meaning本义primitive原始词principal language主体语言print dictionary印刷型词典printing印刷proclitic后接发音词productive activity（说、写等）产出性活动productive affix有派生能力的词缀，派生词缀productive bilingual dictionary能产性双语词典productive dictionary产出型词典productive function产出功能productivity能产性pronominal adjective代词性形容词pronouncing dictionary发音词典pronunciation key发音表prototype原型proverb谚语provincial standard地方标准punctuation mark标点符号punning双关语purism语言纯正主义purrword褒词quadrilingual dictionary四语词典quasi-normative bilingual dictionary准规范化双语词典quasi-synonym准同义词quasi-synoymous word准同义词questionnaire问卷，调查表quotation书证quotation mark引号radiation（词义的）辐射radical词根，部首radical flexion词根屈折radical language词根语radical sense原始义range of application使用范围range of collocation搭配范围rare罕用reading programme阅读项目real definition真实定义realization体现关系Received Pronunciation(RP)标准发音receptive activity接收活动receptive function接收功能receptor language接收语reciprocal dictionary互补词典reciprocal relation相互关系reduced entry减缩词条reduplication重叠reduplicative word重叠词reference参见reference book工具书reference dictionary查考型词典reference matter检索信息reference mark检索符号reference need检索目的reference skill检索技巧reference unit检索单位referent所指事物，词目所指的对象referential definition所指释义referential meaning information所指意义referential pragmatics指代语用学referential symbolism所指符号refinement修饰reflected meaning发射意义regional word地区性词regionalism区域词语register域register label语域标注relational word关系词relative synonym相对同义词，近义词reroute重新查找respelling schemes重拼法respelling system重拼发音符号系统restricted language限制性语言restriction of meaning词义的限制restrictive collocation限制性搭配reverse dictionary逆序词典rheme述位rhyming dictionary音韵词典Roman type正体字root词根root antonym词根反义词root inflexion词根屈折root form词根形式，根式round brackets圆括号runic writing北欧古代文字running head向导词run-on(entry)副词目，内词条sandhi连读变音scholarly dictionary学术词典schoolboy slang学生俚语scientific terminology科技术语search检索，搜索searching window检索窗secondary accent次重音，次重音号secondary compound二次复合词secondary derivative次派生词secondary language第二语言secondary meaning次要意义secondary morpheme-word次语素词secondary phoneme次音位secondary stress次重音segmental dictionary部分语词词典，特种语词词典selection of entries(articles)选条selection of head characters选字selection of headwords选词selection preference选择倾向selection restriction选择限制sell-aware form自觉形式semantic affinity语义一致semantic arrangement语义顺序排列semantic coincidence语义重合semantic component语义成分semantic condensation语义缩合semantic contradiction语义矛盾semantic contrast语义对比semantic criterion语义标准semantic dictionary主题词典semantic divergence词义分化semantic extension语义扩展semantic factor语义因素semantic field语义场semantic function语义功能semantic glosses语义注释semantic inclusion语义包容semantic intersection语义交叉semantic marker语义标记semantic motivation语义理据semantic properties语义特征semantic prototype model语义原型模式semantic shift语义演变semantics语义学sememe义素semi-bilingual半双解semicolon分号semiology,semiotics符号学semi-unabridged dictionary半足本词典sense义项sense discrimination义项区分sense relation义项关系sentence connector连接词sentence idiom成语性句子sentence pattern句型sentence substitute替代词set expression固定词语shades of meaning语义色彩shift sign移位符（加在元音上的符号，如︵，′）short cuts词义速查short vowel短音符shortening缩短法signification词义singularity单数性slang俚语slang dictionary俚语词典slang expression俚语词语slang word俚语词slant斜线号（/）slip资料卡small capital小大写small dictionary小型词典snarl word贬词social dialect社会方言social-situational feature社会情景特征social-cultural meaning社会文化意义sociopragmatic information社会语用信息sociopragmatics社会语用学solecism语法错误solid compound固定复合词sound pattern语音模式sound shift语音演变sound system语音系统sound-variation语音变异source蓝本sources of statistics统计资料speaker-meaning说话人的用意special dictionary专科词典special lexicography专科词典学special pages专题页special-field dictionary专科词典specialized dictionary专门词典specialized meaning专用义specific term/word狭义词specifying gloss规定性注释speech act言语行为speech level label语言层次标注speech mechanism言语机制speech recognition言语识别speech repertoire活用语言库。

医学专业词汇在线翻译、医学专业英语词典、医学术语英文翻译: 熄风stop wind活塞滴定管stop-cock buret活栓润滑脂stop-cock grease滞流stop-flow截流流射stop-flow injection停训综合征stop-training syndrome荫胎stoppage of growth of fetus傍流动力学stopped-flow kinetics有塞试管stoppered test tube塞塞子stoppering止血行瘀stopping bleeding and absorbing clots傍药stopping dosage戒酒stopping drinking回乳stopping mik secretion回乳stopping milk secretion固涩止汗stopping perspiration with astringents戒烟stopping smoking贮存多糖storage polysaccharide热能储存率storage rate of thermal energy藏而不泻storage with no excretion苏合香storax styrax liquidus藏精store the essence of life贮谷昆虫stored grain insect贮谷害虫stored product insect藏而不泄storing and not eliminating藏而不泄storing•and•not eliminating毛细血管扩张斑stork bites斯一布二氏染剂stovallbllack stain瓷炉stoving porcelain斜视计strabismeter斜视性弱视strabismic amblyopia斜视测量法strabismometry惊后瞳斜strabismus after convulsive seizure交替斜视strabismus alternans假性斜视strabismus apparens共同性斜视strabismus concomitans内斜视strabismus convergens斜下视strabismus deorsum vergens外斜视strabismus divergens固定性斜视strabismus fixus斜视镊strabismus forceps斜视钩strabismus hook隐斜视strabismus latens显斜视strabismus manifestus麻痹性斜视strabismus paralyticus斜视剪strabismus scissors假性斜视strabismus spurius眼上斜视strabismus sursum vergens斜视域straboscopic斜视刀strabotome骑跨伤straddle injury骑跨性血栓straddle thrombus直小动脉straight arterioles直动脉straight artery直无损伤止血钳straight atraumatic hemostatic forceps直背综合征straight back syndrome直血管钳straight blood-vessel forceps直孔型准直器straight bore collimator直解剖镊straight dissecting forceps直挺straight elevator直镊straight forceps直线生长straight growth直回straight gyrus直形压肠板straight intestinal spatula直刃虹膜刀straight iris knife直伸抬腿straight leg raising抬腿足背屈试验straight leg raising ang foot dorsiflexion test 直腿提伸症状straight leg raising test远端小管直部straight portion of distal convoluted tubule直部straight portion straight part直型杆straight profiled bat肾曲小管直部straight proximal tubule贝利尼氏管straight renal tubule肾直小管straight renal tubules直尖刃手术刀straight sharp-pointed scalpel直窦straight sinus直锐匙型筛窦钳straight spoon type ethmoid forceps直胃钳straight stomach clamps直形缝合针straight suture needle直细管straight tubule直细精管straight tubules直小静脉straight venules肾直小静脉straight venules of kidney直小血管straight vessels挺定腿拔伸straightening traction直剪straignt scissors劳损评价strain evaluation滤过量压力转送器strain gage pressure transducer关节劳损strain of joint紧张感觉strain sensation种系特异性strain specificity奕变管strain tube韧带扭伤strained ligament排便紧张straining at stool无张力学说strainless theory约束衣straitjacket曼陀罗叶stramoium leaf曼陀罗叶stramonium leaf曼陀罗子stramonium seed曼陀罗酊stramonium tincture原生质丝strand of protoplasm栗子痔strangulated hemorrhoid绞窄性疝strangulated hernia绞窄性腹股沟斜疝strangulated indirect inguinal hernia 绞窄性肠梗阻strangulated intestinal obstruction勒死strangulation by ligature绞窄性肠梗阻strangulation ileus索沟strangulation mark绞窄性疝strangulation of hernia美克尔憩室绞窄strangulation of meckels diverticulum 阴茎绞窄strangulation of penis气淋stranguria caused by disorder of qi石淋stranguria caused by the passage of urinary stone 子淋stranguria during pregnancy砂石淋stranguria from urolithiasis劳淋stranguria induced by overstrain膏淋stranguria marked by chyluria老淋stranguria of the aged血淋stranguria with blood淋浊stranguria with trubid urine热淋strangury caused by pathogeni heat热淋strangury due a heat热淋strangury due to heat绊创膏strapping plaster上丘白质层strata alba colliculi superioris预防措施strategy for prevention层状无长突细胞stratified amacrine cell层状血块stratified clot复层柱状上皮stratified columnar epiethelium复层立方上皮stratified cubical epithelium层状不均等stratified inhomogeneity分层随机stratified random复层鳞状上皮stratified spuamous epithelium复层扁平上皮stratified squamous epithelium层状纤维软骨stratiform fibrocartilage白质灰质层stratum albocinereum颅侧丘白质层stratum album colliculi superioris表皮基质层stratum basale epidermidis脑层stratum cerebrale视网膜大脑层stratum cerebrale retinae环层stratum circulare鼓膜环状层stratum circulare membranae tympani结肠肌环层stratum circulare tunicae muscularis coli琉传的波囊动物肌层肠stratum circulare tunicae muscularis intestini 直肠环行肌层stratum circulare tunicae muscularis recti表皮角质层stratum corneum epidermidis表皮角质层stratum couneum鼓膜皮肤层stratum cutaneum membranae tympani圆柱细胞层stratum cylindricum表皮生发层stratum dentatum epidermidis背侧层stratum dorsale子宫粘膜功能层stratum functionale视神经神经节细胞层stratum ganglionare nervi optici视网膜神经节层stratum ganglionare retinae表皮生发层stratum germinativum epidermidis小脑颗粒层stratum granulosum cerebelli表皮粒层stratum granulosum epidermidis泡状卵泡颗粒层stratum granulosum folliculi ovarici vesiculosi颅侧丘灰质层stratum griseum coliculi superioris上丘灰质层stratum griseum colliculi superioris中间层stratum intermedium内层stratum internum丘系层stratum lemnisci结肠肌纵层stratum longitudinale tunicae muscularis coli纵向被囊动物肌肠层stratum longitudinale tunicae muscularis intestini 直肠纵行肌层stratum longitudinale tunicae muscularis recti胃肌织膜纵层stratum longitudinale tunicae muscularis ventricul分子层stratum moleculare小脑分子层stratum moleculare cerebelli视网膜分子层stratum moleculare retinae鼓膜粘膜层stratum mucosum membranae tympani视神经上皮层stratum neuroepitheliale视网膜神经上皮层stratum neuroepitheliale retinae核层stratum nucleare真皮乳头层stratum papillare corii乳头层stratum papillare cutis色素层stratum pigmenti睫状体色素层stratum pigmenti corporis ciliaris虹膜色素层stratum pigmenti iridis视网膜色素上皮层stratum pigmenti retinae鼓膜放射层stratum radiatum membranae tympani真皮网状层stratum reticulare corii棘细胞层stratum spinosum epidermidis带状层stratum zonale施特劳斯氏反应strausreaction杨梅样毛细血管瘤strawberry capillary hemangioma 草莓样胆囊strawberry gallbladder杨梅状strawberry like草莓状红斑strawberry mark莓样疣strawberry nevus杨梅疮strawberry sores杨梅舌strawberry-like tongue杨梅状strawberrylike草莓舌strawberrytongue漫射光straylight条纹性腺streak gonad条索状卵巢streak gonads划线培养法streak plating划线培养平皿streakplate射流扫描stream scanning流动蒸气法stream steam sterilization流动扫描streaming scanning街病毒streetvirus链球菌溶血素S strelysin s强度时间曲线strength durationcurve背肌力strength of back muscles力气训练strength training强度-时间曲线strength-duration curve强度-时间曲线strengthduration curves强度时间曲线strengthdurationcurve益寿壮阳strengthen reproductive essence壮筋骨strengthen the bone增强疗效strengthen the effect固金strengthen the lung健脾疏肝strengthen the spleen and clear the liver 利咽喉strengthen the throat壮阳strengthen yang滋补强壮strengthening by means of tonics粘韧膏strengthening plaster扶正strengthening the body resistance固表strengthening the body surface resistance强筋骨strengthening the bones and muscles补中strengthening the middle-jiao强筋健骨strengthening the muscles and bones健脾strengthening the spleen健脾化痰strengthening the spleen and reducing phlegm 健脾益气strengthening the spleen and replenishing qi 健脾和胃strengthening the spleen and stomach健胃strengthening the stomach扶阳strengthening yang-qi铁硬膏strengtheningplaster剧烈运动strenuous exercise螺钻形刀strephotome链脲霉素strepozotocin绞线strepsinema杀链菌素streptasol链霉二糖胺strepthbiosamine链丝菌病strepto trichosis链杆菌病streptobacillosis链杆菌streptobacillus念珠状链杆菌streptobacillus moniliformis链球菌菌苗streptobacterin乳酸链杆菌亚属streptobacterium乳酸杆菌streptobacterium plantarum链状菌streptobactieria链霉二糖streptobiose不溶血性链球菌streptoccocus anhemolyticus链球菌A多糖streptococcaal a polysaccharide链球菌的streptococcal链球菌性关节炎streptococcal arthritis链球菌脱氧核糖核酸酶streptococcal desoxyribonuclease 链球菌酶清创术streptococcal enzymatic debridement链球菌溶纤维蛋白酶streptococcal fibrinllysin链球菌性食物中毒streptococcal food poisoning链球菌性龈炎streptococcal gingivitis链球菌M蛋白streptococcal m protein链球菌核酸酶streptococcal nucleinase链球菌性咽峡炎streptococcal pharyngitis链球菌性糠疹streptococcal pityrasis链球菌性肺炎streptococcal pneumonia链球菌蛋白酶streptococcal proteinase链球菌咽痛streptococcal sore throat链球菌性扁桃体炎streptococcal tonsillitis链球菌族streptococcease链球菌的streptococcic杀链球菌的streptococcicidal杀链球菌剂streptococcicide链球菌溶血素streptococcolysin链球菌溶血素streptococcolytsin链球菌病streptococcosis链球菌凝集试验streptococcus agglutination test 白色链球菌streptococcus albus链球菌抗毒素streptococcus antitoxin链球菌性支气管炎streptococcus bronchitis链球菌性蜂窝织炎streptococcus cellulitis肠炎链球菌streptococcus enteritidis链球菌性肠炎streptococcus enteritis丹毒链球菌streptococcus erysipelatis粪链球菌streptococcus faecalis恶臭细球菌streptococcus foetidus链球菌性脓疱病streptococcus impetigo乳链球菌streptococcus lactis链球菌噬菌体streptococcus phage链球菌肺炎streptococcus pneumaonia肺炎链球菌streptococcus pneumoniae化脓性链球菌streptococcus pyogenes恶性酿脓链球菌streptococcus pyogenes malignus 风湿病链球菌streptococcus rheumaticus草绿色链球菌streptococcus viridans链球菌溶血素streptocolysin链状细胞streptocyte链球菌皮炎streptodermatitis双链霉素streptoduodin加明链霉素streptogamin蛋白质促生长肽streptogemu链激酶活性streptokinase activation双链酶streptokinase streptodornase链激酶—链道酶streptokinase-streptodornase双链酶streptokinasestreptodornase链球菌溶血素streptolycin链霉溶菌素streptolysdigin链溶素O streptolysin oxygenlabile链霉素异烟胼streptomiazide白色链霉菌streptomyces albus金素链霉菌streptomyces aureofaciens抗霉素链霉菌streptomyces resistomyciticus链霉菌蛋白酶streptomycesproteinase链霉素和异烟肼streptomycin and isonicotinylhydrazide 链霉素依赖性streptomycin dependence链霉素依赖性变异streptomycin dependent mutation甘草酸链霉素streptomycin glycyrrhizinate链霉素泛酸盐streptomycin pantothenate链霉素中毒streptomycin poisoning链霉素源streptomycin producer链霉素生产streptomycin producing链霉素耐受性streptomycin resistance抗链霉素streptomycin resistanse链霉素抗性突变streptomycin resistant mutation链霉素硫酸盐streptomycin sulfate懒粗辘nbjo streptomycin-dependent strain链霉素过敏streptomycin-sensitivity链霉素酸streptomycinic acid烟肼链霉素streptoniazide链霉素异烟胼streptonicozid链玉红菌素streptorubin链球菌败血症streptosepticemia链螺菌属streptospirilla链螺菌属streptospirillum链孢子囊菌属streptospor angium链孢子囊菌属streptospor angum链丝菌的streptothricial分支菌病streptothricosis白色链丝菌streptothrix alba芬香链丝菌streptothrix odorifera链丝菌属streptothriz链三磺片streptotriad链丝菌病streptotrichiasis链脲菌素streptoxocin链脲菌素streptoxotocin偶氮磺酰胺streptozotocin diabetes新百浪多息streptozotocin-diabete链霉素引入streptozotocin-induction链球菌酶测定的抗体streptozyme-measured antibody液态苏合香醇stresin缓压装置stress breaker压力性抑郁stress depression压迫性尿失禁stress incont压力性尿失禁stress incontinence无言应力训练stress innoculation training应激介入stress lntervention压力管理stress management压力性红细胞增多症stress polycythemia弹性蛋白stress protein压力综合证stress syndrom运动负荷心肌显象stress thallium myocardial imaging 战伤后应激性溃疡stress ulcer after war injury应激性溃疡综合征stress ulcer syndrome压力溃疡stress ulceration应激性尿失禁stress urinary incontinence压力负担域stress-bearing area压力增强扩散stress-enhanced diffusion应激适应综合征stressed adaptation syndrome压力性尿失禁stressincontinence弹性蛋白stressprotein伸展向心系stretch afferent牵张损伤stretch injury牵伸性神经炎stretch neuritis伸展肌stretched muscle担架stretcher litter伸展运动stretching exercise延伸生长stretching growth链球菌核酸酶stretococcal nuclease链球菌毒素stretococcun toxin视网膜血管样纹stria angioidea retinae内粒导层纹stria baillargeri interna外侧纵纹stria longitudinalis lateralis内侧纵纹stria longitudinalis medialis锤纹stria mallearis丘脑髓纹stria medullaris thalami外粒层纹stria of external granular眼底色素带stria pigmentosa fundi视网膜血管样条带stria pigmentosa retinae终纹stria terminalis蜗管血管纹stria vascularis ductus cochlearis白纹striae albicantes萎缩性纹striae atrophicae睫状纹striae cilaris萎缩性皮肤条纹striae cutis distensae膨胀性萎缩纹striae distensae妊娠纹striae gravidarum髓纹striae medullares ventriculi quartiRetzius纹striae of Retzius牙质线纹状体striae of Schreger外侧嗅纹striae olfactoria lateralis内侧嗅纹striae olfactoriae medialis王尔德氏索striae transversae corporis callosi屈光检查器striascope纹状体striata纹状体的striatal纹状损伤striatal lesion纹状区striate area纹状体striate corpus条状角膜炎striate keratitis纹状导管striated duct横纹肌原纤维striated muscle fibril纹状体黑质变性striato-nigral degeneration纹状体-苍白球系统striatum-pallidum system专性厌氧菌strictly anaerobic bacteria绝对卧床strictly confined to bed尿道狭窄strictura urethrae肛门狭窄stricture of anus胆道狭窄stricture of biliary tract咽鼓管狭窄stricture of eustachian tube外耳道狭窄stricture of external auditory canal胰管狭窄stricture of pancreatic duct输尿管狭窄stricture of the ureter输尿管肾盂交界处狭窄stricture of the ureteropelvic junction 输尿管肾盂接处狭窄stricture of ureteropelvic junction输尿管膀胱开口处狭窄stricture of ureterovesical orifice输精管狭窄stricture of vas膀胱尿道口狭窄stricture of vesicourethral orifice阴道狭窄环stricture ring of vagina输尿管膀胱交界处狭窄stricture the ureterovesical orifice狭部切开刀stricturotome鼻泪管狭窄切开术stricturotomy of naso-lacrimal duct牙磨擦音stridor dentium喉鸣如锯stridor serraticus喘鸣性的stridulous.tridont凶器打击面striking surface of weapon击打手法striking technique线样征string sign悬癖string-like mass in hypochondriac region弦脉string-like pulse严紧反应stringent response悬癖stringlike mass in hypochondriac region串痛stringy pain横纹肌细胞的striocellular细条纹striola横纹肌的striomuscular纹状体黑质束strionigral tract带形记波器strip kymograph剥露颗粒strippedparticle剥工喘息stripper's asthma剥裸法stripping film method胃癯膜剥脱术stripping of gastic antrum mucosa痔核剥离stripping of gemorrhoid卵巢间质strma of ovary绞窄性外痔strnagulated external henorrhoids绞窄性疝strnagulated hernia绞窄性内痔strnagulated internal hemorrhoids马蓝strobilanthes cusia马蓝strobilanthes flaccidifolius节裂strobilization球松甲素醇strobobanksin球松黄素strobochrysin回旋喉镜strobolaryngoscope立体动态镜strobostercoscope喘鸣strodor wheeze划线培养stroke culture进展性发作stroke in evolution每缩指数stroke index推摩法stroke manipulation每搏量stroke output脑卒中后综合征stroke syndrome敏搏指数stroke volume index中风牙关紧闭握拳昏迷stroke with trismus clenched fists and coma 每搏作功指数stroke work index进展性发作strokeinevolution虹膜基质stroma of iris卵巢基质stroma of ovary基质的stromal基质性子宫内膜异位stromal adenomyasis间质性子宫内膜炎stromal endometriosis子宫内膜间质异位stromal endometriosis of uterus间质性增生stromal hyperplasia基质黄体化stromal luteinization间质性肉瘤stromal sarcoma子宫内膜间质肉瘤stromal sarcoma of uterus基质滋养芽stromal trophoblastic bud卵巢基质瘤stromal tumors of ovary基质防护抗原复合体stromata-protective antigen complex基质性子宫内膜异位stromatosis红细胞膜质stromin链体stronbile强化酸性戊二醛strong acidic glutaraldehyde强碱strong alkali浓氨水strong ammonia浓氢氧化铵溶液strong ammonia solution浓枸橼酸铵溶液strong ammonium citrate solution强健strong and healthy强阴离子交换剂strong anion exchanger强均衡迅速型strong balanced rapid type强阳离子交换剂strong cation exchanger烈性酒strong drink感情强烈strong emotions武火strong fire强组织相容性抗原strong histocompatibility antigen卢戈尔氏溶液strong iodine solution浓碘酊strong iodine tincture浓碱式醋酸铅溶液strong lead subacetate solution浓盐酸萘唑啉溶液strong naphazoline hydrochloride solution 强氧化自由基strong oxidative free radical寒邪过盛strong pathogenic cold强蛋白银strong protein silver洪脉strong pulse强蛋白银strong silver protein强刺激strong stimulation高度酒strong wine浓氢氧化铵溶液stronger ammonium hydroxide solution浓玫瑰水stronger rose water肌肉的坚软strongness or weakness of the muscles粪圆属strongyloides肠类圆线虫strongyloides intestinalis肠类圆线虫strongyloides stercoralis原生小体strongyloplasm圆线虫属strongylus氯化锶stronium chloride氯化锶牙膏strontium chloride tooth paste氢氧化锶strontium hydrate促尿锶排泄strontiuresis促尿锶排泄的strontiuretic类圆线虫属stronyloides球松甲素stropbopinin羟基毒毛旋花子苷配基strophandogenin毒毛旋花素K strophanthinum k毒毛旋花子甙K strophanthoside毒毛旋花子三糖strophanthotriose毒毛旋花子强心苷类strophanthus cardiac glycosides扭头strophocephalia扭头畸胎strophocephalus扭头strophocephaly扭体露脏畸胎strophosomus小儿丘疹性荨麻疹strophulus infantum红点性婴儿苔癣strophulus intertinctus剧痒性婴儿苔癣strophulus pruriginosus美丽毒毛旋花子苷strospeside斯-布二氏染剂strovall-black stain链霉胺strpatamine结构控制structura control结构畸变structural aberration结构色structural color结构式structural formual结构鉴定structural identfication结构信息量structural information content结构损害structural lesion结构化粘度structural vescosity结构非特异性药物structurally nonspecific srug构效关系structure activity结构活性关系structure activity relationship结构临床联系structure clinical interview结构功能关系structure function relationship金络合物结构structure of metal complex结构-活性相关structure-activity correlation结构活性关系structure-activity relationship毒素关系结构structure-toxicity relationship构效关系structureactivity刺激后胞浆基质结构structuredness of cytoplasmic matrix 与疾病斗争struggle against disease动脉瘤性甲状腺肿struma aneurysmatica巴塞多化甲状腺肿struma basedowificata巴塞多氏甲状腺肿struma basedowii钙化甲状腺肿struma calculosa癌性甲状腺肿struma carcinomatosa胶状腺病struma colloides骨性甲状腺囊腺病struma cystica ossea纤维性甲状腺肿struma fibrosa舌甲状腺肿struma lingualis淋巴瘤性甲状腺肿struma lymphomatosa恶性甲状腺肿struma maligna结节性甲状腺肿struma nodosa卵巢甲状腺瘤struma ovarii甲状腺肿样卵巢瘤struma ovartii鳃后甲状腺肿struma postbranchialis搏动性甲状腺肿struma pulsans单纯性甲状腺肿struma simplex淋巴瘤性甲状腺肿strumalymphomatosa皮肤瘰疬strumoderma裸疬素质strumous diathesis出血性脑炎strumpell-leichtenstern type•of encephalitis 施特吕姆佩尔氏反射strumpells reflex结构的strutural磷酸铵镁结石struvite calculus番木鳖腐碱struxine番木鳖辛strychnicine盐酸士的宁strychnine hydrochloride士的宁锋电位发射strychnine spike discharge士的宁试验strychnine test毒马钱碱strychnolethaline马钱子生物碱strychnos alkaloids斯-哈二氏综合征strykerhalbeisen syndrome土的宁发作实验strynchin seizure test去氢肾上腺素stryphnone梅毒血清学试验sts敏感试验stt十八醇sttearyl alcohol斯陶物原子模型stuart atomic model第十因子stuartfactor顽痰stubborm phlegm顽症stubborn illness顽痰stubborn phlegm与疾病霉素stubomycin灰泥角化症stucco keratosis护生student nurse实习护士student practical nurse研究用模型study cast研究模型study model伤害研究study of injury实痞stuffiness syndrome of excess type鼻塞stuffy nose滤泡小斑stugma干燥性闭塞性龟头炎stuhmers disease残根牙钻stump bur残肢幻觉stump hallucination残端漏stump leakage残肢神经痛stump neuralgia残端神经瘤stump neuroma胃残端stump of stomach扁桃体残体stump of tonsil残端痛stump pain残端子宫妊娠stump pregnancy残端溃疡stump ulcer迟钝性忧郁症stuporous melancholia第十因子sturat-prower factor斯-卡-韦三氏综合征sturge-kalischer-weber syndrome斯-韦二氏综合征sturgeweber syndrome段续排尿stuttering urination滴尿症stuttering vrination麦粒肿stye茎突凸styioid prominence茎突舌肌styloglossus茎突舌肌styloglossus muscle茎突舌骨肌stylohyoid茎突舌骨肌支stylohyoid branch茎突舌骨韧带stylohyoid ligament茎突舌骨肌stylohyoid muscle茎突的styloid桡骨茎突styloid process of radius颞骨茎突styloid process of temporal bone第三掌骨茎状突起styloid process of third metacarpal bone 尺骨茎突styloid process of ulna埃格尔氏综合征styloide process syndrome茎突下颌韧带stylomandibular ligament茎突下颌韧带stylomandibulare茎突乳突的stylomastoid茎乳动脉stylomastoid artery茎乳孔stylomastoid foramen茎乳静脉stylomastoid vein茎突咽肌支stylopharyngeal branch of glossopharyngeal nerve 茎突咽肌stylopharyngeal muscle茎突咽肌stylopharyngeus muscle金罂粟属stylophorum茎状骨赘stylosteophyton针术stylostixis needling茎突舌骨韧带styloyoid ligament阴茎异常勃起styma出血性阴茎异常勃起stymatosis止血素stypticin斯提普文stypven蛇毒时间stypven time安息香醇styracitole桂皮酸桂皮酯styrazin苯乙烯外露styrene exposure微动脉styrtole龙爪黧豆球蛋白stzolobin亚染色单体sub chromatid包底衣sub coating次相容的sub consistent辅助护士sub nurse毒药标记sub signo veneni二腹肌下脓肿sub-digastric abscess亚红斑剂量sub-erythemal dose亚成虫sub-imago肩关节下脱位sub-joiny dislocation of shoulder亚致死基因sub-lethal gene亚系分化sub-line differentiation亚痕量分析sub-trace analysis腹下的subabdominal肩峰下囊subacromial burs肩峰下囊subacromial bursa杜普累氏粘液囊炎subacromial bursitis亚急性细菌性心内膜炎subactue bacterial endocarditis亚急性联合变性subactue combined degeneration亚急性播散状红斑狼疮subacut disseminate lupus erythematosus亚急性细菌心内膜炎subacute bacterial endocarditis脊髓亚急性联合变性subacute combined degenerastion of spinal cord 亚急性混合变性subacute combined degeneration亚急性结膜炎subacute conjunctvitis亚急性湿疹subacute eczema亚急性渗液缩窄性心包炎subacute effusion-constricive pericarditis 亚急性脑炎subacute encephalitis亚急性重症型肝炎subacute fatal hepaitis亚急性肾小球肾炎subacute glomerulonephritis亚急性粒细胞性白血病subacute granulocytc leukemia亚急性肉芽肿性甲状腺炎subacute granulomatous thyroiditis亚急性肝萎缩subacute hepatatrophy亚急性肝坏死subacute hepatic necrotis亚急性肝炎subacute hepatitis亚急性乙型肝炎subacute hepatitis b亚急性肝炎多叶性坏死subacute hepatitis multilobular necrosis亚急性炎症subacute inflammation亚急性肝萎缩subacute liver atrophy亚急性脑膜炎subacute meningitis亚急性脊髓视神经病subacute myelo-optic neuropathy亚急性脊髓视神经病subacute myelo-optical neuropathy亚急性脊髓视神经病subacute myelo-optico-neuropathy亚急性脊髓视神经病subacute myelo-opticoneuropathy亚急性坏死性脊髓病subacute necrotc myelopathy亚急性坏死性脑脊髓病subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy亚急性坏死性脑病subacute necrotizing encephalopathy亚急性坏死性脊髓炎subacute necrotizing myelitis亚急性肾炎subacute nephritis亚急性非化脓型subacute non-suppurative type亚急性胰炎subacute pancreaitis亚急性硬化性全脑炎subacute sclerosing panence phalitis亚急性硬化性全脑炎subacute sclerosing panencephalitis亚急性硬化全脑炎病毒subacute sclerosing panencephalitis virus亚急性硬化性全脑炎subacute sclerosng panencephalitis亚急性海绵样脑病subacute spongiform encephalopathy亚急性甲状腺炎subacute thyroiditis亚急性黄色肝萎缩subacute yellow atrophy of liver亚急性黄色肝萎缩subacute yellow necrosis接近成年的subadult外膜下纤维组织形成subadventitial fibroplasia雄性特征下的subandroecious主动脉下淋巴结subaortic lymph nodes主动脉瓣下狭窄subaortic stenosis蛛网膜下酒精阻滞subarachnoid alcohol block蛛网膜下腔麻痹subarachnoid anesthesia蛛网膜下腔subarachnoid cavity蛛网膜下腔管理subarachnoid cavity administration蛛网膜下腔出血度数subarachnoid hemorrhage grade蛛网膜下神经根化学阻滞术subarachnoid root block with chemical agents 蛛网膜下腔阻滞麻醉subarachnoid space block anesthesia蛛网膜下出血subarachnoidal bleeding蛛网膜下池subarachnoidal cistern蛛网膜下出血subarachnoidal hemorrhage脊髓蛛网膜下腔化学药物注射术subarchnoid injection of chemical drug 弓状下窝subarcuate fossa乳晕下脓肿subareolar abscess乳晕下乳管乳头瘤subareolar duct papillomatosis距骨下切断术subastragalar amputation轻收敛剂subastringent胸膜腔负压subatmospheric interpleural pressure耳下的subaural耳郭下的subauricular青壮年猝死综合征subben death syndrome跟下滑囊炎subcalcaneal bursitis布罗卡氏区subcallosal area梁下束subcallosal fasciculus梁下回subcallosal gyrus梁下面积subcallous area受寒subcalorism头下骨折subcapital fracture头下型subcapital type包囊下的subcapsular囊性白内障subcapsular cataract被囊下上皮subcapsular epithelium肝包膜下出血subcapsular hemorrhage of liver 被膜下肾摘除术subcapsular nephrectomy被膜下窦subcapsular sinus淋巴结缘窦subcapsular sinuses脾被膜下切除术subcapsular splenectomy软骨下的subcartilaginous软骨下骨板subcartilaginous osseous lamella 部分软骨的subcartrilaginous胞选择学说subcellular selective theory亚细胞成分subcellular somponent软骨下的subchondral软骨下骨subchondral bone绒膜下的subchorionic脉络膜下的subchoroidal脉络膜下积水subchoroiddropsy亚染色单体subchromatid亚慢性subchron五纲特性subclass specificity锁骨下袢subclavian loop锁骨下神经subclavian nerve锁骨下动脉丛subclavian plexus锁骨下盗血综合征subclavian steal syndrome 锁骨下干subclavian trunk锁骨下静脉穿刺subclavian vein puncture锁骨下盗血综合征subclavianstealsyndrome锁骨下的subclavicular锁骨下脱位subclavicular dislocation锁骨下淋巴结subclavicular lymph nodes锁骨下肌subclavius锁骨下肌subclavius muscle临床症状不显的subclinic五临床的乳腺炎subclinical mastitis不显性感染subclinicalinfection包底衣subcoating连合下器subcommissural organ结膜下的subconjunctival赤丝subconjunctival capillaries白睛溢血subconjunctival ecchymosis结膜下出血subconjunctival hemorrhage结膜下注射subconjunctival injection结膜下组织subconjunctival tissue结膜下移植法subconjunctival transplantation喙突下脱位subcoracoid dislocation角质层下脓疱症subcorneal pustular dermatosis角层下脓疱病subcorneal pustulosis皮层下失语subcortical aphasia皮层下出血subcortical bleeding皮质下细胞质subcortical cytoplasm皮层下神经元subcortical nueron肋骨下的subcostal肋下动脉subcostal artery肋下阻滞subcostal block肋下切口subcostal incision肋下线subcostal line肋下肌肉subcostal muscle肋下肌subcostal muscles肋下神经subcostal nerve肋下平面subcostal plane肋下扫描subcostal scan肋下神经痛subcostalgia颅下的subcranial低于临界状态的试验subcriticalexperiment肩峰皮下囊subcrtameous bursa of acromion腹股沟皮下环subctaneous inguinal ring皮下渗血subcuataneous extravasation皮下小结subcutaneors nodule皮下脓肿subcutaneous abscess肩峰皮下囊subcutaneous acromial bursa皮下使用subcutaneous administration皮下出血subcutaneous bleeding跟皮下囊subcutaneous bursa of calcaneus喉结皮下囊subcutaneous bursa of laryngeal prominence 外侧踝皮下囊subcutaneous bursa of lateral •malleolus 鹰嘴皮下滑液囊subcutaneous bursa of olecranon转子皮下囊subcutaneous bursa of trochanter跟皮下囊subcutaneous calcaneal bursa皮下钙化subcutaneous calcinosis皮下捻发感subcutaneous crepitus皮下组织囊虫病subcutaneous cysticercosis皮下凹陷瘢痕subcutaneous depressive scar皮下水肿subcutaneous dropsy阴囊皮下气肿subcutaneous emphysema of scrotum皮下脂肪测定器subcutaneous fat calipers皮下脂肪坏死subcutaneous fat necrosis新生儿皮下脂肪坏死subcutaneous fat necrosis of newborn 皮下脂肪组织subcutaneous fatty tissue皮下骨折subcutaneous fracture皮下坏疽subcutaneous gangrene新生儿皮下坏疸subcutaneous gangrene of newborn皮下血肿subcutaneous hematoma皮下插入subcutaneous implant皮下切开术subcutaneous incision皮下硬化subcutaneous induration皮下髌骨下囊subcutaneous infrapatellar bursa皮下注射subcutaneous infusion腹股沟管皮下环subcutaneous inguinal ring皮下损伤subcutaneous injury皮下包块subcutaneous mass皮下蝇蛆病subcutaneous myiasis结核subcutaneous nodes皮下结节型subcutaneous nodular type皮下结节subcutaneous nodule皮下部subcutaneous part皮下袋状血肿subcutaneous pocket hematoma皮下反应subcutaneous reaction皮下组织缝合针subcutaneous suture needle皮下滑膜囊subcutaneous synovial bursa皮下腱切断术subcutaneous tenotomy皮下输液subcutaneous transfusion皮下结核性瘘subcutaneous tuberculous fistula皮下瘤subcutaneous tumor疽subcutaneous ulcer皮下接种subcutaneous vaccination腹壁静脉曲张subcutaneous varicose vein of abdominal wall 皮下静脉subcutaneous veins腹部皮下静脉subcutaneous veins of abdomen皮下缝合subcuticular suture三角肌下囊subdeltoid bursa三角肌下囊炎subdeltoid bursitis皮下的subdermal皮下囊肿subdermal cyst皮下电极subdermal elecdtrode皮肤下插入subdermal implant膈下脓肿subdiaphragmatic abscess消炎subdue inflammation消痈肿subdueing inflammation平肝subduing hyperactivety of the liver消肿解毒subduing swelling and detoxicating硬膜下的subdural硬脑膜下脓肿subdural abscess硬膜下出血subdural bleeding硬膜下腔阻滞subdural block硬膜下积液subdural effusion硬膜下积脓subdural empyema硬脊膜内髓外脑膜瘤subdural extramedullary meningioma 硬膜下出血subdural hemorrhage硬膜下水囊瘤subdural hygroma硬膜下隙subdural space硬脊膜下瘤subdural tumor of spinal cord心内膜下的subendocardial心内膜下梗死subendocardial infarction心内膜下心肌梗塞subendocardial myocardial infarction 内皮下的subendothelial皮下沉积物subendothelial deposits内皮下层subendothelial layer室管膜下出血subendymal hemorrhage室管膜下层subependyma室管膜下出血subependymal hemorrhage室管膜下层subependymal layer心外膜下层subepicardial layer表皮下脓肿subepidermal abscess表皮下的subepidermic会厌下的subepiglottic上皮下的subepithelial上皮下腺subepithelial gland上皮下膜subepithelial membrane皮海绵毒质suberitin环庚胺suberylamine轻刺激subexcite筋膜下脓肿subfascial absoess筋膜下滑膜囊subfascial synovial bursa微热subfebrile temperature隐裂subfissure帽状腱膜下的subgaleal帽状腱膜下脓肿subgaleal bascess帽状腱膜下血肿subgaleal hematoma帽状腱膜下血肿subgaleal hematonma帽状腱膜下出血subgaleal hemorrhage次重力subgavity味蕾下的subgemmal亚属subgenera胚下的subgerminal龈下结石subgingival calculus龈下刮除术subgingival curettage关节盂下脱臼subglenoid dislocation舌下的subglossal声门下的subglottic声门下喉炎subglottic laryngitis声门下区subglottic region声门下狭窄subglottic stenosis亚型血subgou blood亚型subgroup9subset隐回subgyre肝下的subhepatic肝下脓肿subhepatic abscess肝下陷凹subhepatic pouch肝下隐窝subhepatic recess舌骨下的subhyoidean隐回subhyrus下脚的subicular岬下脚subiculum promontorii里维纳斯氏腺subilingual gland轻炎症的subinflammatory亚抑制subinhibition亚抑制的subinhibitory内膜下层subintima内膜下的subintimal提前发作subintrance提前发作的subintrant乳房复原不全subinvolution of breast子宫复旧不全subinvolution of uterus药理学科subject of medical treatment受治疗都subject received treatment主观和客观征状subjective and objective symptom 主观性视角subjective angle自身抗菌subjective antisepsis主动测听法subjective audiometry主观性特发性耳呜subjective idiopathic tinnitus 主观感客观征状subjective or objective symptom 主观性耳鸣subjective tinnitus。

档案专业名‎词术语⏹一般概念⏹档案（archi‎v es）：国家机构、社会组织或‎个人在社会‎活动中直接‎形成的有价‎值的各种形‎式的历史记‎录。

⏹档案价值（archi‎v al value‎）：档案对国家‎机构、社会组织或‎个人的有用‎性。

⏹档案工作(archi‎v es work）：管理档案和‎档案事业的‎活动。

⏹档案管理(archi‎v es manag‎e ment‎)：档案的收集‎、整理、保管、鉴定、统计和提供‎利用的活动‎。

⏹档案学(archi‎a l scien‎c e)：研究档案的‎形成规律、性质、特点以及档‎案工作方法‎与发展规律‎的科学。

⏹公共档案(publi‎c archi‎v es)：国家机构或‎其他公共组‎织在公务活‎动中形成的‎为社会所有‎的档案⏹私人档案(priva‎t e archi‎v es)：私人或私人‎组织在社会‎活动中形成‎的为私人所‎有的档案⏹文书档案(admin‎i stra‎t ive archi‎v es)：反映党务、行政管理等‎活动的档案‎⏹科学技术档‎案(scien‎t ific‎and techn‎i cal archi‎v es)：反映科学技‎术研究、生产、基本建设等‎活动的档案‎⏹专业档案(speci‎a lize‎d archi‎v es)：反映专门领‎域活动的档‎案⏹音像档案(audio‎-visua‎l archi‎v es)：记录声音或‎影象的档案‎,包括照片、影片、录音带、录象带等。

⏹文件(recor‎d;docum‎e nt)：国家机构、社会组织或‎个人在履行‎其法定职责‎或处理事务‎中形成的各‎种形式的信‎息记录。

⏹子文件(elect‎r onic‎recor‎d)：以数码形式‎记录于磁带‎、磁盘、光盘等载体‎，依赖计算机‎系统阅读、处理并可在‎通讯网络上‎传输的文件‎。

⏹电原件(origi‎n al docum‎e nt)：最初产生的‎区别于复制‎件的原始文‎件。

档案专业名词术语⏹一般概念⏹档案（archives）：国家机构、社会组织或个人在社会活动中直接形成的有价值的各种形式的历史记录。

⏹档案价值（archival value）：档案对国家机构、社会组织或个人的有用性。

⏹档案工作(archives work）：管理档案和档案事业的活动。

⏹档案管理(archives management)：档案的收集、整理、保管、鉴定、统计和提供利用的活动。

⏹档案学(archial science)：研究档案的形成规律、性质、特点以及档案工作方法与发展规律的科学。

⏹公共档案(public archives)：国家机构或其他公共组织在公务活动中形成的为社会所有的档案⏹私人档案(private archives)：私人或私人组织在社会活动中形成的为私人所有的档案⏹文书档案(administrative archives)：反映党务、行政管理等活动的档案⏹科学技术档案(scientific and technical archives)：反映科学技术研究、生产、基本建设等活动的档案⏹专业档案(specialized archives)：反映专门领域活动的档案⏹音像档案(audio-visual archives)：记录声音或影象的档案, 包括照片、影片、录音带、录象带等。

⏹文件(record;document)：国家机构、社会组织或个人在履行其法定职责或处理事务中形成的各种形式的信息记录。

⏹子文件(electronic record)：以数码形式记录于磁带、磁盘、光盘等载体，依赖计算机系统阅读、处理并可在通讯网络上传输的文件。

⏹电原件(original document)：最初产生的区别于复制件的原始文件。

⏹复制件(copy; duplicated document)：与原件内容相同的复制品。

⏹文稿(draft; manuscript)：文件起草过程中形成的历次稿子，可分为草稿和定稿两种。

第一章集合论、逻辑与算法基础1.1集合set（集合）power set（幂）complement of a set（补集）roster method（枚举法）universalset set（全集）symmetric difference（对称差集）set-builder method（集合构造方法）Venn diagrams（文氏图）ordered pair（有序对）subset（子集）union of sets（并集）Cartesian product（笛卡尔积）superset（父集）intersection of sets（交集）diagonal of a set（对角集）proper subset（真子集）disjoint sets（不相交集）ordered n-tuples（有序n元组）equal sets（相等集合）index set（索引集）n-flod Cartesian product（n次笛卡尔积）empty （null）set（空集）set difference（差集）bit string（位串）finite set（有限集）mutually disjoint（互不相交）length（长度）infinite set（无限集）pairwise disjoint（互不相交）singleton set（单体集合）relative complement（相对补集）1.2数理逻辑statement（命题）condition（条件）converse（逆命题）proposition（命题）biimplication（双向蕴涵）inverse（反命题）truth value（真值）biconditional（双向条件）contrapositive（逆否命题）negation（非）logical connectives（逻辑连接词）statement formula（命题公式）conjunction（合取）well-formed formulas（良态公式）formula（公式）disjunction（析取）tautology（重言式）implication（蕴涵）contradiction（矛盾式）1.3论证有效性proof（证明）modus tollens（否定法）disjunctive addition（析取加法）argument（论证）disjunctive syllogisms（析取三段论）conjunctive addition（合取加法）conclusion（结论）hypothetical syllogism（假设三段论）logically valid（逻辑有效）premise（前提）dilemma（二难推论）modus ponens（断言法）conjunctive simpli fications（合取简化）1.4量词与一阶逻辑statement logic（命题逻辑）predicate（谓词）domain（域）propositional logic（命题逻辑）propositional function（命题函数）free vricable（自由变量）n-place predicate（n位谓词）bound variable（约束变量）first-order logic（一阶逻辑）universal quantifier（全称量词）counterexample（反例）existential quantifier（存在量词）disproof（反证）1.5证明方法theorem（定理）indirect proof（间接证明）proof by contradiction（反证法）proof by direct method（直接证明方法）direct proof（直接证明）1.6 算法algorithm（算法）two-way selection（双路选择）list（列表）input（输入）if two-dimensional array（二维数组）output（输出）thenread precision（精度）else printuniqueness（唯一性）whilesubproprams（子程序）finiteness（有限性）do proceduregenerality（通用性）forfunction assignment operator（赋值运算符）begin constant polynomial（常量多项式）assignment statement（赋值语句）enddegree（次数）control structures（控制结构）return one-way selection（单路选择）arrays（数组）第三章关系与偏序集3.1关系与偏序集binary relation （二元关系）directed graph representation（有向图表示）digraph （有向图）relation （关系）vertex（顶点）adjacent to （与...相邻）R-related （R-相关）directed edge（有向边）adjacent from（从...相邻）related （相关）directed arc（有向弧）loop （环）empty relation （空关系）arrow diagram （矢量图）domain （域）universal relation （全称关系）directed graph（有向图）range （值域）image (映像) equivalence class （等价类）transitive closure （传递闭包）inverse （逆）R-class（R-类）directed walk （有向通路）composition （复合）reflexive （自反）R-equivalence class （R-等价类）walk （通路）partition （划分）vertices of the walk （通路顶点）transitive （传递）equivalence relation induced by the partition （划分推出的等价关系）terminal vertex （终止顶点）equivalence relation （等价关系）internal vertices （内部顶点）equality relation （相等性关系）reflexive closure （自反闭包）path （路径）congruence modulo m （模m同余）symmetric closure （对称闭包）3.2偏序集antisymmetric （反对称）lexicographic order （词典序）topological ordering （拓扑排序）partial order （偏序）dictionary order （字典序）upper bound（上界）partially ordered set （偏序集）closed （闭合）poset （偏序集）least upper bound（lub）（最小上界）covers （覆盖）lower bound （下界）dual （序偶）Hasse diagram （哈赛图）greatest lower bound （glb）（最大下界）comparable （可比）minimal element （极小元）lattice （格）linearly ordered set （线性有序集）maximal element （极大元）distributive （可分配性）totally ordered set （完全有序集）greatest element （最大元）complement （补元）chain （链）least element （最小元）Boolean algebra （布尔代数）product partial order （积偏序）compatible （兼容，相容）第四章矩阵与关系闭包4.1矩阵matrix（矩阵）diagonal matrix（对角矩阵）join（并）rectangular array（矩阵阵列）identity matrix（单位矩阵）Boolean meet（布尔交）element（元素）sum（和）meet（交）entry（项）difference（差）join of meet expression（相交表达式的并）equal（等于）multiplication（乘法）Boolean product（布尔积）square matrix（方阵）transpose（转置）product（积）zero matrix（零矩阵）symmetric（对称）diagonal element（对角元素）Boolean join（布尔并）4.2 关系矩阵与闭包matrix of a relation（关系矩阵）Warshall’s algorithm（Warshall算法）第五章函数5.1 函数function（函数）target（目标）onto（满射）well defined（合理定义）range（值域）surjective（满射）single valued（单值）numeric functions（数字函数）surjection（满射）image（映像）identity function（恒等函数）one-to-one correspondence（一一映射）preimage（预映像，前射，前像，原像）constant function（常数函数）bijective（双射）mapped（映射）one-one（单射函数）bijection（双射）domain（域）injective（内射）composition（复合）codomain（合域）injection（内射）5.2 特殊函数与集合的基数inverse function（逆函数）images（映像）cardinality（基数）left invertible（左可逆）direct image（直接映像）equivalent（等价）left inverse（左逆）inverse image（逆映像）equipotent（幂等）right invertible（右可逆）floor（下限）countable（可数）right inverse（右逆）ceiling（上限）uncountable（不可数）restriction（限制）floor function（弱取整函数）extension（扩展）ceiling function（强取整函数）5.3 序列与字符串sequence（序列）sum of the terms（项之和）index（索引）nth term of the sequence（序列第n项）summation symbol（求和符号）subscript（下标）finite sequence（有限序列）string（字符串）infinite sequence（无限序列）word（字符）integer sequence（整数序列）dummy variable（哑变量）alphabet（字母表）arithmetic progression（AP）（等差数列）lower limit（下限）length（长度）first term（首项）upper limit（上限）empty string（空字符串）common difference（公差）general term（通项）empty word（空串）geometric progression（GP）（等比数列）product of the terms（项之积）concatenation（接合）common ratio（公比）product symbol（求积符号）5.4 二元运算binary operation（二元运算）mathematical system（数学系统）idempotent（幂等）close under（在……下闭合）groupoid（群）idempotent semigroup（幂等半群）associative（可结合）identity（单位元）band（带）commutative（可交换）semigroup（半群）free semigroup generated by（由……生成的自由半群）Cayley multiplication table（Cayley乘法表）monoid（幺半群）free monoid generated by（由……生成的自由幺半群）Cayley table（Cayley表）transformation semigroup（变换半群）第六章同余6.1同余Congruent （同余）congruence class modulo （模m的同余类）6.3线性同余linear congruence in one variable （一个变量x的线性同余式）inverse （逆）residue representation （余数表示）unique modulo （唯一模）modular representation （模表示）round-robin tournament （循环赛）hashing （散列）hash address （散列地址）linear probing （线性探测）hash table （散列表）hashing function （散列函数）probe sequence （探测数列）hash function （散列函数）collision （冲突）double hashing （双重散列）6.4特殊同余定理Euler phi-function （欧拉phi函数）ciphertext （密文）encryption key （加密钥匙）plaintext（明文）decryption function （加密函数）decryption key （揭秘钥匙）第十章图论10.1图的定义与符号graph （图）parallel （平行边）arc（弧）set of vertices （顶点集合）isolated vertex （顶点孤立）Staring vertex （始点）set of edges （边集）degree （度）terminating vertex （终点）incidence function （关联函数）k-regular graph （k-正则图）in-degree （入度）end vertices （端点）even degree vertex （偶度顶点）out-degree （出度）endpoints（端点）odd degree vertex （奇度顶点）simple graph （简单图）incident （关联）degree sequence (度数列) complete graph（完全图）Adjacent （相邻）directed graph（有向图）triangle （三角形）loop （环）digraph （有向图）bipartite graph （二分图）incidence table （关联表）directed edge（有向边）Bipartition （二分）complete bipartite （完全二分）subgraph （子图）Complement of a graph（补图）Ramsey number （Ramsey数）10.2通路，路径与圈walk （通路）initial vertex （始点）terminal vertex（终点）directed walk （有向通路）length of a walk （通路长度）length of a directed walk （有向通路长度）u-v walk （u-v通路）u-v directed walk （u-v 有向通路）closed walk （闭合通路）closed directed walk （闭合有向通路）open walk （开放通路）open directed walk （开放有向通路）trail （迹) path （路径）trivial walk （平凡通路）trivial path （平凡路径）trivial trail （平凡迹）nontrivial walk （非平凡通路）nontrivial path （非平凡路径）nontrivial trial （非平凡迹）circuit （回路）cycle （圈）k-cycle （k圈）even cycle （偶数圈）odd cycle （奇数圈）subwalk （子通路）reduction of P by Q（P用Q简化）decomposition （分解）connected （连接）connected graph （连接图，连通图）disconnected graph （不连接图，不连通图）component （分支）distance （距离）matching （匹配）M-saturated （M-饱和）M-unsaturated （M-不饱和）perfect matching （完美匹配）maximum matching（最大匹配）neighbors （邻居）10.3图的矩阵表示adjacency （相邻矩阵）incidence matrix（关联矩阵）10.4特殊回路Euler circuit （欧拉回路）Euler trail （欧拉迹）Hamiltonian graph （汉密尔顿图）Euler graph （欧拉图）Hamiltonian cycle （汉密尔顿圈）Hamiltonian path （汉密尔顿路径）10.5同构isomorphic （同构）different （不同）10.6图算法weight （权）weighted graph （加权图）weight matrix （加权矩阵）length of a path （路径长度）shortest path algorithm （最短路径算法）greedy algorithm （贪婪算法）topological ordering （拓扑排序）immediate successor （直接后继）queue （队列）rear （队尾）10.7 平面图和图着色planar graph（平面图）exterior face（外面）proper vertex coloring（正常顶点着色）plane graph（平面图）interior face（内面）chromatic number（色数）planar representation of a graph（图的平面表示）subdivision of a graph（图的细分）edge coloring（边着色）faces（面）homeomorphic（同胚）proper edge coloring（正常边着色）boundary（边界）vertex coloring（顶点着色）chromatic index（色索引）第十一章树与网络11.1 树tree（树）acyclic graph（无环图）11.2 有根树rooted tree（有根树）binary tree（二叉树）postorder traversal（后序遍历）lever（层）trivial tree（平凡树）inorder sequence（中序顺序）child（子节点）left child（左子节点）preorder sequence（前序顺序）terminal vertex（终点）right child（右子节点）postorder sequence（后序顺序）leaf（叶子）left subtree（左子树）binary search tree（二叉搜索树）internal vertex（内顶点）right subtree（右子树）infix（中缀）descendant（后代）full binary tree（完全二叉树）prefix（前缀）ordered rooted tree（有序有根树）inorder traversal（中序遍历）postfix（后缀）height（高度）preorder traversal（前序遍历）expression tree（表达式树）11.3 生成树spanning tree（生成树）minimal spanning tree（最小生成树）weighted tree（加权树）Prim’s algorithm（Prim算法）weight（权）11.4 网络single-source，single-sink network（单元单汇网络）flow conservation（流量守恒）quasipath（拟路径）source（源）flow in edge（边流）forward arc（正向弧）target（目标）flow into（流入）backward arc（反向弧）sink（汇）flow out of（流出）slack（松弛）s-t network（s-t网络）conservation of flow（流量守恒）F-saturated（F-饱和）capacity（容量）value of a flow（流值）F-unsaturated（F-不饱和）transport network（传输网络）s-t cut of network（网络的s-t分割）flow augmenting（流增广）network（网络）capacity of an s-t cut（s-t分割容量）patent（父节点）flow（流）minimal cut（最小分割）immediate predecessor（直接前驱）capacity constraint（容量限制）maximal flow（最大流）。

临床医学是一门实践性很强的医学科学，它涉及到疾病的诊断、治疗和预防。

临床医学名词是医学专业术语，用于描述疾病、症状、检查、治疗等方面的概念。

这些名词通常由拉丁语或希腊语词根组成，并且随着时间的推移和医学的发展而不断更新。

由于医学领域的不断进步，新的临床医学名词和术语会定期添加到医学词典中。

以下是一些常用的临床医学名词，但请注意，这不是一个详尽的列表，也不是2023版的专门更新，而是提供一些常见的术语作为参考：1. Acidosis - 酸中毒2. Acute - 急性的3. Adenopathy - 腺病4. Aedes - 伊蚊属5. Albuminuria - 白蛋白尿6. Alcoholism - 酒精中毒7. Allergy - 过敏8. Anaemia - 贫血9. Anaesthesia - 麻醉10. Anatomy - 解剖学11. Andrology - 男科学12. Anemia - 贫血13. Angiography - 血管造影14. Angioplasty - 血管成形术15. Ankylosing spondylitis - 强直性脊柱炎16. Anorexia nervosa - 神经性厌食症17. Anticoagulant - 抗凝剂18. Antibiotic - 抗生素19. Antioxidant - 抗氧化剂20. Anxiety - 焦虑21. Appendectomy - 阑尾切除术22. Arthritis - 关节炎23. Artificial insemination - 人工授精24. Asthma - 支气管哮喘25. Atherosclerosis - 动脉粥样硬化26. Atopic dermatitis - 异位性皮炎27. Autism - 自闭症28. Bacteria - 细菌29. Bariatric surgery - 减重手术30. Beta blockers - β-阻滞剂31. Bipolar disorder - 双相障碍32. Birth control - 避孕33. Blackout - 昏迷34. Blood pressure - 血压35. Blood transfusion - 输血36. Body mass index (BMI) - 体质指数37. Bone marrow transplant - 骨髓移植38. Breast cancer - 乳腺癌39. Bronchitis - 支气管炎40. bypass surgery - 旁路手术请注意，上述术语只是一些例子，临床医学名词的范围非常广泛，包括疾病、症状、检查、治疗、药物、解剖结构等。

医学英语专业词汇入门篇英语医学词汇大致可有3个来源：1、普通英语中原有的与医学有关的词汇；2、几乎毫无改变地从另一语言，尤其是希腊语与拉丁语中引入的词汇；3、根据特殊的需要和固定的规则构成的派生词。

我们主要了解一下派生词的基本构成。

在词根的前面加上前缀或者在后面加上后缀构成一个新词，这种构词方法被称为派生法。

这里小编介绍医学词汇的4种基本成份，又称为词素（word elements）。

（1）词根(root)：词根又称词基(word base)或词干(word stem)。

它是任何一个单词的核心部分，它包含着这个单词的基本意义。

医学词汇的词根通常来自希腊语或拉丁语，代表身体的一个部分。

所有的医学词汇有一个或更多的词根。

eg：gastr-(胃)，nephr-(肾)，cardi一(心)等。

在单词gastroenteritis(胃肠炎)中gastr-和enter-两个词素是词根。

（2）前缀(prefix)：前缀又称词首(word beginning)。

加于词前，本身具有一定含义，可改变原词的意思，但一般不改变其词类。

eg：和月经相关：dysmenorrheal(痛经)，amenorrhea(闭经)，oligomenorrhea(月经量少)，hyper menorrhea(月经过多)；和血压相关：hypotension(血压过低)，hypertension(血压过高)；和心率相关：bradycardia(心搏缓慢)和tachycardia(心动过速)等。

医学词首通常表示“数字”、“时间”、“方向”、“位置”或“否定”的含义。

但有的医学词没有词首，词根就兼起词首的作用。

（3）后缀(suffix)：后缀又称词尾(word ending)。

加于词后，一般不改变词根的含义，只转变词类。

如teacher，teaches，teaching。

医学词汇也不例外。

但有时，后缀可以改变词汇的意思，不同的后缀给词汇赋予不同的含义。

一、首页01）成交金额（首页-实时指标）：今天0点到现在，店铺产生的有效订单的金额汇总。

先款订单付款时纳入计算，取消后立即扣减。

先货订单成交时纳入计算，取消后立即扣减。

金额为优惠前金额-（单品促销、满减促销、套装促销、团购促销）优惠金额-商家承担的优惠券金额+全球购税费+运费（含大件服务费）02）访客数（首页-实时指标）：店铺各页面的访问人数。

00:00-24:00内，同一访客多次访问只被计算一次。

03）转化率（首页-实时指标）：转化率=成交客户数/访客数。

04）无线转化（首页-实时指标）：无线转化率=无线端成交客户数/无线端访客数。

05）PC转化（首页-实时指标）：PC转化=PC成交客户数/PC访客数。

06）入仓转化（首页-实时指标）：入仓转化，指带有京东配送标记，且截止今天0点实际库存大于0的商品的成交转化率。

07）访客数（首页-核心指标）：店铺各页面的访问人数。

00:00-24:00内，同一访客多次访问只被计算一次。

08）浏览量（首页-核心指标）：店铺各页面被用户访问的次数。

用户多次打开或刷新同一个页面，浏览量累加。

09）成交金额（首页-核心指标）：选定日期内，店铺产生的有效订单的金额汇总。

先款订单付款时纳入计算，付款当天取消则扣减。

先货订单下单时纳入计算，下单当天取消则扣减。

金额为优惠前金额-（单品促销、满减、1套装促销、团购促销）等促销金额-商家承担的优惠券金额+全球购税费+运费（含大件服务费）。

10）成交转化率（首页-核心指标）：成交转化率=成交客户数/访客数。

11）客单价（首页-核心指标）：客单价=成交金额/成交客户数。

12）店铺关注人数（首页-核心指标）：新添加店铺关注的总客户数，没有扣减取消关注。

13）30天重复购买率（首页-核心指标）：近30天，在本店铺购买2单及以上的客户，占全部成交客户的比例。

14）90天重复购买率（首页-核心指标）：近90天，在本店铺购买2单及以上的客户，占全部成交客户的比例。

carbon dioxide welding machine二氧化碳焊机butt-welder 碰焊机2. oil pressure drawframe 油压拉伸机3. pressure weld seamer 压焊缝机automatic electrical arc welding {名词} [工程] 自动电弧焊argon arc welding {名词} [工程]氩弧焊[yàhúhàn] {名词} [工程]DC welder. 直流电焊机DC welding machine电焊钳[diàn hàn qián] {名词}electrode holder {名词}电弧焊[diàn húhàn] {名词} [工] arc welding {名词} [工]电焊条[diàn hàn tiáo] {名词} [工程] welding electrode {名词} [工程]电流表分流器[diàn liúbiǎo fēn liúqì] {名词} [电] ammeter shunt {名词} [电]电渣焊[diàn zhāhàn] {名词}EW (Electroslag wclding) {名词} [缩写]电弧点焊[diàn húdiǎn hàn] {名词} [工] arc spot welding {名词} [工]冲床[chònɡchuánɡ] {名词}punching {名词}滚珠丝杠副、滚动导轨副、滚动花键副、滚动导套副、工作台、机械主轴、刀库、数控水射流切割机。

Ball screw assembly, Linear motion gulde, Linear motlon spline, Linear motion bushing, CNC precision worktable, Mechanical spindle, Tool store,CNC suoer high pressure waterjet cutting machine.滚动切割机Scroll cutting machine {名词}automatic electrostatic spray coating line喷烤自动线argon arc welding 氩弧焊argon welding 氩焊砂轮磨光机grinder polishing machine {名词}assembling clearance 装配间隙攻牙机螺纹加工thread processing台钻：drill machinescrew air compressor螺杆式空气压缩机(11)摇臂万能铣床all-purpose radial milling machine圆盘、圆刀/ Round measurer manufacturer, supplier and trader / 供应商/ 销售商/ 配件供應廠Metal rotary saw中文翻译[HELP] [©声明]圆盘锯, 回转式锯circular saw 圆盘锯液压弯管机Hydraulic pipe benderTube bending machines 弯管机reveter 铆钉机电动葫芦英文翻译electric hoist.electrostatic spray station 静电喷ck...金属切削metal cutting机床machine tool 金属工艺学technology of metals 刀具cutter 摩擦friction 联结link 传动drive/transmission 轴shaft 弹性elasticity 频率特性frequency characteristic 误差error 响应response 定位allocation 机床夹具jig 动力学dynamic 运动学kinematic 静力学static 分析力学analyse mechanics 拉伸pulling 压缩hitting 剪切shear扭转twist 弯曲应力bending stress 强度intensity 三相交流电three-phase AC 磁路magnetic circles 变压器transformer 异步电动机asynchronous motor 几何形状geometrical 精度precision 正弦形的sinusoid 交流电路AC circuit 机械加工余量machining allowance 变形力deforming force 变形deformation 应力stress 硬度rigidity 热处理heat treatment 退火anneal 正火normalizing 脱碳decarburization 渗碳carburization 电路circuit 半导体元件semiconductor element 反馈feedback 发生器generator 直流电源DC electrical source 门电路gate circuit 逻辑代数logic algebra 外圆磨削external grinding 内圆磨削internal grinding 面磨削plane grinding 变速箱gearbox 离合器clutch 绞孔fraising 绞刀reamer 螺纹加工thread processing 螺钉screw 铣削mill 铣刀milling cutter 功率power 工件workpiece 齿轮加工gear mechining 齿轮gear 主运动main movement主运动方向direction of main movement 进给方向direction of feed 进给运动feed movement 合成进给运动resultant movement of feed 合成切削运动resultant movement of cutting 合成切削运动方向direction of resultant movement of cutting 切削深度cutting depth 前刀面rake face 刀尖nose of tool前角rake angle 后角clearance angle 龙门刨削planing 主轴spindle 主轴箱headstock 卡盘chuck 加工中心machining center 车刀lathe tool 车床lathe 钻削镗削bore 车削turning 磨床grinder 基准benchmark钳工locksmith 锻forge 压模stamping 焊weld 拉床broaching machine 拉孔broaching 装配assembling 铸造found 流体动力学fluid dynamics流体力学fluid mechanics 加工machining 液压hydraulic pressure 切线tangent 气压air pressure pneumatic pressure 机电一体化mechanotronics mechanical- electrical integration 稳定性stability 介质medium 液压驱动泵fluid clutch 液压泵hydraulic pump 阀门valve 失效invalidation 强度intensity载荷load 应力stress 安全系数safty factor 可靠性reliability螺纹thread 螺旋helix 键spline 销pin 滚动轴承rolling bearing 滑动轴承sliding bearing 弹簧spring 制动器arrester brake 十字结联轴节crosshead 联轴器coupling 链chain 皮带strap 精加工finish machining 粗加工rough machining 变速箱体gearbox casing 腐蚀rust 氧化oxidation 磨损wear 耐用度durability 随机信号random signal 离散信号discrete signal 超声传感器ultrasonic sensor 集成电路integrate circuit 挡板orifice plate 残余应力residual stress 套筒sleeve 扭力torsion 冷加工cold machining 电动机electromotor 汽缸cylinder过盈配合interference fit 热加工hotwork 摄像头CCD camera 倒角rounding chamfer 优化设计optimal design 工业造型设计industrial moulding design 有限元finite element 滚齿hobbing 插齿gear shaping 伺服电机actuating motor 铣床milling machine 钻床drill machine 镗床boring machine 步进电机stepper motor 丝杠screw rod 导轨lead rail 组件subassembly 可编程序逻辑控制器Programmable Logic Controller PLC 电火花加工electric spark machining 电火花线切割加工electrical discharge wire - cutting 相图phase diagram 热处理heat treatment 固态相变solid state phase changes 有色金属nonferrous metal 陶瓷ceramics 合成纤维synthetic fibre 电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion 车架automotive chassis 悬架suspension 转向器redirector 变速器speed changer 板料冲压sheet metal parts 孔加工spot facing machining 车间workshop 工程技术人员engineer 气动夹紧pneuma lock 数学模型mathematical model 画法几何descriptive geometry 机械制图Mechanical drawing 投影projection 视图view 剖视图profile chart 标准件standard component 零件图part drawing 装配图assembly drawing 尺寸标注size marking 技术要求technical requirements 刚度rigidity 内力internal force 位移displacement截面section 疲劳极限fatigue limit 断裂fracture 塑性变形plastic distortion 脆性材料brittleness material 刚度准则rigidity criterion 垫圈washer 垫片spacer 直齿圆柱齿轮straight toothed spur gear 斜齿圆柱齿轮helical-spur gear 直齿锥齿轮straight bevel gear 运动简图kinematic sketch 齿轮齿条pinion and rack 蜗杆蜗轮worm and worm gear 虚约束passive constraint 曲柄crank 摇杆racker 凸轮cams 共轭曲线conjugate curve 范成法generation method 定义域definitional domain 值域range 导数\\微分differential coefficient 求导derivation 定积分definite integral 不定积分indefinite integral 曲率curvature 偏微分partial differential 毛坯rough 游标卡尺slide caliper 千分尺micrometer calipers 攻丝tap 二阶行列式second order determinant 逆矩阵inverse matrix 线性方程组linear equations 概率probability 随机变量random variable 排列组合permutation and combination 气体状态方程equation of state of gas 动能kinetic energy 势能potential energy 机械能守恒conservation of mechanical energyn 动量momentum 桁架truss 轴线axes 余子式cofactor 逻辑电路logic circuit 触发器flip-flop 脉冲波形pulse shape 数模digital analogy 液压传动机构fluiddrive mechanism 机械零件mechanical parts 淬火冷却quench 淬火hardening 回火tempering 调质hardening and tempering 磨粒abrasive grain 结合剂bonding agent 砂轮grinding wheel机械工程专业英语词汇分析作者：杨晓红转贴自：点击数：1 更新时间：2007-12-2 文章录入：admin机械工程专业牵涉到很多技术分支，从宏观上可分为传统制造技术、现代制造技术以及特种加工技术。