S 阅读猜词题( 1)2010 山东B 篇Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place.The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third of a typical household’s waste in the UK. In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packa ged twice with plastic and cardboard.Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK, for example, is running out of it for carrying this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However, a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example.But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is especially true of food. But is also applies to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary.There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realise just how much unnecessary material are collecting. We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we havea mountain to climb.61. What does the underlined phrase “over-consumption” refer to?A. Using too much packaging.B. Recycling too many wastes.C. Making more products than necessary.D. Having more material than is needed.62. The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show _______.A. the tendency of cutting household wasteB. the increase of packaging recyclingC. the rapid growth of super marketsD. the fact of packaging overuse63. According to the text, recycling ______.A. helps control the greenhouse effectB. means burning packaging for energyC. is the solution to gas shortageD. leads to a waste of land64. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?A. Unpackaged products are of bad quality.B. Supermarkets care more about packaging.C. It is improper to judge quality by packaging.D. Other products are better packaged than food.65. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Fighting wastefulness is difficult.B. Needless material is mostly recycled.C. People like collecting recyclable waste.D. The author is proud of their consumer culture.S 阅读猜词题( 2)2010 天津A 篇36. A visitor can apply for a free audio tourA. in the CourtyardB. in the State ApartmentsC. at the Admission CenterD. at St George’s Chapel37. What is specially offered to visitors with kids?A. A security guard.B. A pushchair.C. A free toy.D. A baby carrier.38. Who can get re-entry permits?A. Visitors wishing to eat outside the CastleB. Visitors buying gifts in the castle shops.C. Visitors buying water from the Courtyard.D. Visitors e ating outside St George’s Chapel.39. Why arc visitors required to turn off their mobile phones?A. To ensure th e safety of others.B. To ensure the security of the Castle.C. To prevent them from disturbing others.D. To prevent the use of the built-in cameras.40. In the last part, a “working royal palace” refers to one ___.A. still being constructedB. still used by the royal familyC. where the Queen usually worksD. where works of art are on showS 阅读猜词题( 3)2010 天津B 篇Why play games? Because they are fun, and a 1ot more besides. Following the rules…planning your next move...acting as a team member…these are all “game” ideas that you will come across throughout your life.Think about some off the games you played as a young child, such as rope-jumping and hide-and-seek. Such games are entertaining and fun. But perhaps more importantly, they translate life into exciting dramas that teach children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of theirlives, such as taking turns and cooperating (合作) .Many children’s games have a practical side Children around the world play games that prepare t hem for work they will do as grown-ups. For instance, some Saudi Arabian children play a game called bones. Which sharpens the hand-eye coordination（协调）needed in hunting.Many sports encourage national or local pride. The most famous games of all, the Olympic Games, bring athletes from around the world together to take part in friendly competition. People who watch the event wave flags, knowing that a gold medal is a win for an entire country, not just the athlete who earned it. For countries experiencing natural disasters or war, an Olympic win can mean so much.Sports are also an event that unites people. Soccer is the most popular sport in the world. People on all continents play it—some for fun and some for a living. Nicolette Iribarne, a Californian soccer player, has discovered a way to spread hope through soccer. He created a foundation to provide poor children wi th not only soccer balls but also a promising future.Next time you play your favorite game or sport, think about why you enjoy it, what skills are needed, and whether these skills will help you in other aspects of your life.41. Through playing hide-and-seek, children are expected to learn to ________.A. be a team leaderB. obey the basic rulesC. act as a grown-upD. predict possible danger42. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 most probably means that games can________.A. describe life in an exciting wayB. turn real-life experiences into a playC. make learning life skills more interestingD. change people’s views of sporting events43. According to the passage, why is winning Olympic medals so encouraging?A. It inspires people’s deep love for the country.B. It proves the exceptional skills of the winners.C. It helps the country out of natural disasters.D. It earns the winners fame and fortune.44. Iribarne’s goal of forming the founda tion is to _______.A. bring fun to poor kidsB. provide soccer bal ls for childrenC. give poor kids a chance for a better lifeD. appeal to soccer players to help poor kids45．What can be inferred from the passage?A．Gamed benefit people all their lives. B．Sports can get all athletes together.C．People are advised to play games for fun. D．Sports increase a country’s competitiveness.S 阅读猜词题( 4)2010 上海C篇The 2012 London Olympics had enough problems to worry about．But one more has just been added - a communications blackout caused by solar storms.After a period of calm within the Sun, scientists have detected the signs of a flesh cycle of sunspots that could peak in 2012, just in time for the arrival of the Olympic torch in London.Now scientists believe that this peak could result in vast solar explosions that could throw billions of tons of charged matter towards the Earth, causing strong solar storms that could jam the telecommunications satellites and interact links sending five Olympic broadcast from London."The Sun's activity has a strong influence on the Earth．The Olympics could be in the middle of the next solar maximum which could affect the functions of communications satellites," said Professor Richard Harrison, head of space physics at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in Oxfordshire．At the peak of the cycle, violent outbursts called coronal mass ejections(日冕物质抛射) occur in the Sun's atmosphere, throwing out great quantities of electrically-charged matter．" A coronal mass ejection can carry a billion tons of solar material into space at over a million kilometres per hour．Such events can expose astronauts to a deadly amount, can disable satellites, cause power failures on Earth and disturb communications," Professor Harrison added．The risk isgreatest during a solar maximum when there is the greatest number of sunspots.Next week in America, NASA is scheduled to launch a satellite for monitoring solar activity called the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), which will take images of the Sun that are 10 times clearer than the most advanced televisions available.The Rutherford Appleton Laboratory helped to make the high-tech cameras that will capture images of the solar flares (太阳耀斑) and explosions as they occur.Professor Richard Hold away, the lab's director, said that the SDO should be able to provide early warning of a solar flare or explosion big enough to affect satellite communications on Earth "If we have advance warning, we'll be able to reduce the damage．What you don't want is things switching off for a week with no idea of what's caused the problem," he said.72．The phrase "communications blackout" in paragraph 1 most probably refers to during the 2012 Olympics.A．the extinguishing of the Olympic torch B．the collapse of broadcasting systemsC．the transportation breakdown in London D．the destruction of weather satellites73．What can be inferred about the solar activity described in the passage?A．The most fatal matter from the corona falls onto Earth.B．The solar storm peak occurs in the middle of each cycle.C．It takes several seconds for the charged matter to reach Earth.D．The number of sunspots declines after coronal mass ejections.74．According to the passage, NASA will launch a satellite to _ _A．take images of the solar system B．provide early warning of thunderstormsC．keep track of solar activities D．improve the communications on Earth75．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A．Solar Storms: An Invisible Killer B．Solar Storms: Earth Environment in DangerC．Solar Storms: Threatening the Human Race D．Solar Storms: Human Activities to Be TroubledS 阅读猜词题( 5)2010 北京 C 篇Pacing and PausingSara tried to befriend her old friend Steve's new wife, but Betty never seemed to have anything to say. While Sara felt Betty didn't hold up her end of the conversation, Betty complained to Steve that Sara never gave her a chance to talk. The problem had to do with expectations about pacing and pausing. Conversation is a turn-taking game. When our habits are similar, there's no problem. But if our habits are different, you may start to talk before I'm finished or fail to take your turn when I'm finished. That's what was happening with Betty and Sara.It may not be coincidental that Betty, who expected relatively longer pauses between turns, is British, and Sara, who expected relatively shorter pauses, is American. Betty often felt interrupted by Sara. But Betty herself became an interrupter and found herself doing most of the talking when she met a visitor from Finland. And Sara had a hard time cutting in on some speakers from Latin America or Israel.The general phenomenon, then, is that the small conversation techniques, like pacing and pausing, lead people to draw conclusions not about conversational style but about personality and abilities. These habitual differences are often the basis for dangerous stereotyping (思维定式). And these social phenomena can have very personal consequences. For example, a woman from the southwestern part of the US went to live in an eastern city to take up a job in personnel. When the Personnel Department got together for meetings, she kept searching for the right time to break in--and never found it. Although back home she was considered outgoing and confident, in Washington she was viewed as shy and retiring. When she was evaluated at the end of the year, she was told to take a training course because of her inability to speak up.That's why slight differences in conversational style--tiny little things like microseconds ofpause-can have a great effect on one's life. The result in this case was a judgment of psychological problems---even in the mind of the woman herself, who really wondered what was wrong with her and registered for assertiveness training.64. What did Sara think of Betty when talking with her?A. Betty was talkative.B. Betty was an interrupter.C. Betty did not take her turn.D. Betty paid no attention to Sara.65. According to the passage, who are likely to expect the shortest pauses between turns?A. Americans.B. Israelis.C. The British.D. The Finns.66. We can learn from the passage that __A. communication breakdown results from short pauses and fast pacingB. women are unfavorably stereotyped in eastern cities of the USC. one's inability to speak up is culturally determined sometimesD. one should receive training to build up one's confidence67. The underlined word "assertiveness" in the last paragraph probably means __A. being willing to speak one's mindB. being able to increase one's powerC. being ready to make one's own judgmentD. being quick to express one's ideas confidentlyS 阅读猜词题( 6)2010 北京 D 篇The Cost of Higher EducationIndividuals (个人) should pay for their higher education.A university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual. Graduates earn more than non-graduates. Meanwhile, social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree. However, only some people have it. So the individual, not the taxpayers, should pay for it. There are pressing calls on the resources (资源) of the government. Using taxpayers' money to help a small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of them.Full government funding (资助) is not very good for universities. Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university whose teachers lived off student fees. He knew and looked down upon 18th-century Oxford, where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government. Guaranteed salaries, Smith argued, were the enemy of hard work; and when the academics were lazy and incompetent, the students were similarly lazy.If students have to pay for their education, they not only work harder, but also demand more from their teachers. And their teachers have to keep them satisfied. If that means taking teaching seriously, and giving less time to their own research interests, that is surely something to celebrate.Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy (经济). Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all the businesses that invest (投资) and create jobs. If you believe that the government should pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive, you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs. Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital from the government to invest. Therefore, it is the individual, not the government, who should pay for their university education.68. The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 2 refers toA. taxpayersB. pressing callsC. college graduatesD. government resources69. The author thinks that with full government fundingA. teachers are less satisfiedB. students are more demandingC. students will become more competentD. teachers will spend less time on teaching70. The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order toA. argue against free university educationB. call on them to finance students' studiesC. encourage graduates to go into businessD. show their contribution to higher educationS 阅读猜词题( 7)2010 江苏 A 篇Usually, when your teacher asks a question, there is only one correct answer. But there is one question that has millions of current answers. That question is “What’s your name?”Everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct.Have you ever wondered about people’s names? Where do they come from? What do they mean?People’s first names, or given names, are chosen by their parents. Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used. Some parents choose the name of a well-known person. A boy could be named George Washington Smith; a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones.Some people give their children names that mean good things. Clara means “bright”; Beatrice means “one who gives happiness”; Donald means “world ruler”; Leonard means “as brave as a lion”.The earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names. A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near brook(小溪)；someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long, paved road. The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.Other early surnames came from people’s occupations. The most common occupational name is Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals. In the past, smiths were very important workers in every town and village. Some other occupational names are: Carter—a person who owned or drove a cart; Potter—a person who made pots and pans.The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native village. The Carpenter’s great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture.Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their special abilities. When there were two men who were named John in the same village, the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray. Or the John was very tall could call himself John Tallman. John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.Some family names were made by adding something to the father’s name. English-speaking people added–s or –son. The Johnsons are descendants of John; the Roberts family’s ancestor was Robert. Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O. Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the O’Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell.56. Which of the following aspects do the surnames in the passage NOT cover?A. Places where people lived.B. People’s characters.C. Talents that people possessed.D. People’s occupations.57. According to the passage, the ancestors of the Potter family most probably _______.A. owned or drove a cartB. made things with metalsC. made kitchen tools or containsD. built houses and furniture58. Suppose and English couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted their new-born son to become a world leader, the baby might be named _______.A. Beatrice SmithB. Leonard CarterC. George LongstreetD. Donald Greenwood59. The underlined word “descendants” in the last paragraph means a person’s _____A. later generationsB. friends and relativesC. colleagues and partnersD. later sponsorsS 阅读猜词题( 8)2010 福建 B 篇Forget Twitter and Facebook, Google and the Kindle. Television is still the most influential medium around. Indeed ,for many of the poorest regions(地区)of the world, it remains the next big thing——finally becomes globally available. And that is a good thing, because the TV revolution is changing lives for the better.Across the developing world, around 45% of families had a TV in 1995; by 2005 the number had climbed above 60%. That is some way behind the U.S. , where are more TVs than people, and where people now easily get access to the Internet. Five million more families in sub-Saharan Africa will get a TV over the next five years. In 2005 , after the fall of the Taliban（塔利班）,which had outlawed TV, 1 in 5 Afghans had one. The global total is another 150 million by 2013——pushing the numbers to well beyond two thirds of families.Television’s most powerful effect will be on the lives of women. In India, researchers Robert Jensen and Emily Oster found that when TVs reached village s, women were more likely to go to the m arket without their husbands’ approval and less likely to want a boy rather than a girl. They were more likely to make decisions over child health care. TV is also a powerful medium for adult education. In the Indian state of Gujarat, Chitrageet is a popular show that plays Bollywood songs with words in Gujarati on the screen. Within six months, viewers had made a small but significant(有意义的) improvement in their reading skills.Too much TV has been associated with violence, overweight and loneliness. However, TV is having a positive influence on the lives of billions worldwide.60. The underlined word “outlawed” in paragraph 2 probably means “”.A. allowedB. bannedC. offeredD. refused61.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Americans used to get access to the Internet easily.B. The world’s TV sets will total 150 million by 2013.C.45% of families in the de veloping countries had a TV in 2005.D. Over two thirds of families in the world will have a TV by 2013.62. The author intends to .A. stress the advantages of TV to people’s livesB. persuade women to become more independentC. encourage people to improve their reading skillsD. introduce the readers some websites such as Google63.What would be the best title for the passage? Will Rule the World Will Disturb the World Will Better the World Will Remain in WorldS 阅读猜词题( 9)2010 浙江 A 篇When you are little, the whole world feels like a big playground. I was living in Conyers, Georgia the summer it all happened. I was a second grader, but my best friend Stephanie was only in the first grade. Both of our parents were at work and most of the time they let us go our own way.It was a hot afternoon and we decided to have an adventure in Stephanie’s basement. As I opened the basement door, before us lay the biggest room, full of amazing things like guns, dolls, and old clothes. I ran downstairs, and spotted red steel can. It was paint. I looked beyond it and there lay even more paint in bright colors like purple, orange, blue and green.“Stephanie, I just found us a project for the day. Get some paintbrushes. We are fixing to paint.” She screamed with excitement as I told her of my secret plans and immediately we got to work. We gathered all the brushes we could find and moved all of our materials to my yard. There on the road in front of my house, we painted bit stripes (条纹) of colors across the pavement (人行道). Stripe by stripe, our colors turned into a beautiful rainbow. It was fantastic!The sun was starting to sink. I saw a car in the distance and jumped up as I recognized the car. It was my mother. I couldn’t wait to show her my masterpiece. The car pulled slowly into the driveway and from the look on my mother’s face, I could tell that I was in deep trouble.My mother shut the car door and walked towards me. Her eyes glaring, she shouted, “What in the world were you thinking? I understood when you made castles out of leaves, and climbed the neighbors’ trees, but this! Come inside right now!” I stood there glaring hack at her for a minute, angry because she had insulted (羞辱) my art.“Now go clean it up!” Mother and I began cleaning the road. Tears ran down my cheeks as I saw my beautiful rainbow turn into black cement.Though years have now passed, I still wonder where my rainbow has gone. I wonder if, maybe when I get older, I can find my rainbow and never have to brush it away. I guess we all need sort of rainbow to brighten our lives from time to time and to keep our hopes and dreams colorful.41. What did the writer want to do when his mother came home?A. To introduce Stephanie to her.B. To prevent her from seeing his painting.C. To put the materials back in the yard.D. To show his artwork to her.42. In his mother’s eyes, the writer_______.A. was a born artistB. always caused troubleC. was a problem solverD. worked very hard43. The underlined word “rainbow” in the last paragraph refers to ______.A. the rainbow in the skyB. the stripes on the pavementC. something imaginative and funD. important lessons learned in childhood44. It can be learned from the passage that parents should ________.A. encourage children to paintB. value friendship among childrenC. discover the hidden talent in childrenD. protect rather than destroy children’s dreamsS 阅读猜词题( 10)2010 辽宁 B 篇I hated dinner parties. But I decided to give them another shot because I'm in London . And my friend Mallery invited me. And because dinner parties in London are very different from those in New York. There, 'I am having a dinner party' means: "I'm booking a table for 12 at a restaurant you can't afford and we'll be sharing the cheque evenly, no matter what you eat." Worse, in Manhattan there is always someone who leaves before the bill arrives. They'll throw down cash, half of what they owe, and then people like me, who don't drink, end up paying even more. But if I try to use the same trick, the hostess will shout: "Where are you going?" And it's not like I can say I have somewhere to go: everyone know I have nowhere to goBut in London, dinner parties are in people's homes. Not only that , the guests are an interesting mix. The last time I went to one, the guests were from France, India. Denmark and Nigeria; it was like a gathering at the United Nations In New York. the mix is less striking. It's like a gathering at Blooming dale's, a well-known department store.For New Yorkers, talking about other parts of the world means Brooklyn and Queen in New York. But at Mallery's, when I said that I had been to Myanmar recently, people knew where it was. In New York people would think it was a usualnew club60. What does the word "shot" in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. Choice.B. Try C Style. D Goal61. What does the writer dislike most about dinner parties in New York?A There is a strange mix of people.B. The restaurants are expensive.C. The bill is not fairly shared.D．People have to pay cash62. What does the author think of the parties in London?A a bit unusualB．Full of tricks.C．Less costly.D More interesting.63. What is the author's opinion of some New Yorkers from her experience?A. Easy-going.B. Self-centred.C. Generous.D. Conservative.S 阅读猜词题( 11)2010 湖南 C 篇People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions —and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly(匀称的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes."We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions," Jack said. "Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽视) the mouth."According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners. "The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions," Jack said. "Our da ta suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less."In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise,。
