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另一方面，系统名称显示出其存在的元素， 在某些情况下可显示其原子是如何排列的。
The systematic name of table salt, for instance, is sodium chloride, which indicates at once that it is a compound of sodium and chlorine.
名称中不必给出电荷，因为大部分的元素形成 单原子阴离子只有一种形式。
ammonia [əˈməʊnɪə] 氨水
许多化合物在未了解其构成前给予他们俗称。 俗称包括水、盐、糖、氨和石英。
A systematic name, on the other hand, reveals which elements are present and, in some cases, how their atoms are arranged.
单原子阴离子通过在元素名字（名字的词干） 的第一部分加后缀-ide和离子单词来命名。
There is no need to give the charge, because most elements that form monatomic anions form only one kind of ion.
单原子阳离子的名称与元素的名称相同， 外加离子一词，如Na+表示钠离子。
When an element can form more than one kind of cation, Байду номын сангаасuch as Cu+ and Cu2+ from copper, we use the Stock number, a Roman numeral equal to the charge of the cation.
However, it is useful from the outset to know something about how to form their names.
然而，从一开始了解一下化合物名字的形成 是有用的。
Many compounds were given common names before their compositions were known. Common names include water, salt, sugar, ammonia, and quartz.
当元素能形成超过一种的阳离子，如铜能形成 Cu+和Cu2+，我们使用物料编号，罗马数字等 于阳离子电荷，
Thus, Cu+ is a copper (Ⅰ) ion and Cu2+ is a copper (Ⅱ) ion. Similarly, Fe2+ is an iron (Ⅱ) ion and Fe3+ is an iron (Ⅲ) ion.
The Nomenclature of Inorganic Substance
无机化合物命名法
You will meet compounds in this text and will learn their name as you go along.
在本文中，你会遇到许多化合物，并且 当你阅读下去时你将获悉他们的名字。
例如，一些阳离子曾经用-ous和-ic结尾分别 表示较低的和较高的电荷。
In this system, iron (Ⅱ) ions are called ferrous ions and iron (Ⅲ) ions are called ferric ions.
在这个系统中，二价铁离子被称作亚铁离子， 三价铁离子被称作铁离子。
大多数过渡金属都能形成超过一种的离子， 因此在它们化合物的名称中包含物料编号通 常是有必要的。
An older system of nomenclature is still in use.
旧的命名系统仍然在使用。
For example, some cations were once denoted by the endings –ous and –ic for the ions with lower and higher charges, respectively.
Names of Anions
阴离子名称
Monatomic anions are named by adding the suffix –ide and the word ion to the first part of the name of the element ( the “stem” of its name ).
例如食盐的系统名称是氯化钠，这 立即表明它是一个钠和氯的化合物。
The systematic naming of compounds, which is called chemical nomenclature, follows a set of rules, so that the name of each compound need not be memorized, only the rules.
因此，Cu+是铜的一价离子，Cu2+铜的二价 离子。 类似的，Fe2+是铁的二价离子，Fe3+是铁的 三价离子。
Most transition metals form more than one kind of ion, so it is usually necessary to include a Stock number in the names of their compounds.
化合物的系统名称，被称作化学命名，它遵循 着一套规则，以便我们不必去记忆每个化合物 的名称，而只需记住这个规则即可。
Names of Cations
阳离子名称
The names of monatomic cations are the same as the name of the element, with the addition of the word ion, as in sodium ion for Na+.
