听力同义转换
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FCE听力常见同义替换1.exchange=apply something learned in one to others=change v.2.expertise=skill n. 3.employ=analyze=study v. 4.investigation=analysis n. 5.narrow=focus on v. 6.reproduce=copy=replicate=repeat v. 7.funded support=finance n. 8.athlete=sportsmen and women n. 9.calculate=measure v. 10.event=championship n. 11.plan=prepare=design v. 12.improve=grow=get better v. 13.trade=economy n. 14.transport=import or export=deliver v.15.local=domestic=native=indeignous adj.16.weakening=less=reduced=decreased adj.17.value=worth=price=credit=use=benefit=profit n.18.delivery=export or import n. 19.nearby nations=geographic neighbours n.20.international=ocean=global=worldwide adj. 21.shipping=freight n. 22.cargo=freight=goods n. 23.tariff=charge=fee=tax n.ndscape=environment=nature=surrounding=circumstance=view n.25.difficult=harsh=demanding=tough=challenging adj. 26.essential supplies=food and clothing=necessities n.27.supply=provision=support n.28.grow=increase=rise=improve=go up=boost=expand=extend v.29.respect=credibility=weight=hour=admiration=consideration n.30.understanding=knowledge n. 31.well-being=health n. 32.impossible=out of the question=unlikely adj.33.catch=exploit=capture v.34.surrounding=environment=circumstance n. 35.push to one's limits=test one's limits36.not unmanageable=can cope with37.present inhabitant=descendant 38.give up=abandon 39.mainly=heavily=most40. visit=venture41.successfully=spectacularly well=wonderfully adv.42.people power=local pressure groups n.mute=travel v.44.higher=increasing=more adj.45.income=wealth=salary=wage=payment n.46.beneficial=valuable=profitable=good adj.47.together=face to face 48.refute=not mean=rebut=deny v.49.accommodation=live=living condition n.age=use=benefit=profit n.51.averagely good=reasonable but not special52.limited=minimal adj.53.move from one to another=adopt one over another54.show=reveal=uncover=indicate=point out=imply55.related=associated adj.56.suffer=be afflicted v.57.research=study=investigation=survey n.58.affect=afflict=influence=change v.59.disease=medical complain=illness n.60.increase=surge=rise=gain=grow=grow=add=escalate v.61.link=correlation=connection=relationship n.62.considerable=significant=substantial=massive=marked adj.63.reduction=drop=concession=fall=decrease n.64.elderly people=old people n.65.independent=self-reliant adj.66.regular=daily adj.67.exercise=physical activity n.68.challenging=difficult=tough=demanding adj.69.decline=deteriorate=reduce=drop=decrease v.70.lonely=emotionally isolated adj.71.hand signal=gesture=body language n.72.restricted=limited adj.73.concept=abstract idea=definition n.74.specific=particular=detailed adj.75.early=older adj.76.fulfill=qualify=achieve=keep=satisfy v.77.sufficient=enough adj.78.quantity=how many=amount n.79.misunderstanding=confusion n.80.prevent=resolve=forbid=stop v.81.poor=lack of=impoverished adj.82.newer=later=recent=present adj.83.ancestor=early people=predecessor n.84.teach=educate=cultivate=nature v.85.actor=star n. 86.first=initial=early=primary adj. 87.storyline=narrative=plot n. 88.globe=world n. 89.early=first=ancient adj. 90.passing of time=flow of time91.describe=tell v. 92.realistic=achievable adj.93.target=goal=aim n.94.feedback=comment=advice=criticism n.95.match to=suit to96.reward=promotion or advancement=prize=benefit n.97.link to=make something contingent on=associate with=connectwith=relate to98.achievement=attainment=gain=success n.99.remuneration=payment n.100.tend to=prone to101.feel=perceive=think=find=experience=notice=have an opinion v. 102.participate=be involved in=take part in=join v.103.staff=employee=worker n.104.visible=disclosed=obvious=noticeable adj.105.clerical worker=clerk n.106.judge=rate=criticize=assess=evaluate=gauge=appraise v.107.job=work=assignment n.108.delay=sol w=prolong=postpone=procrastinate=shelve=put off v. 109.growing old=ageing110.people=mortal=people=individual n.111.life=lifespan112.chance=likelihood=fortune=hope=possibility=opportunity=risk=luck n. 113.production=generation=output n.114.theory=hypothesis=guess=guesswork n.115.focus on=emphasize=aim at=concentrate on116.short=scarce=limited=insufficient adj.117.drug company=pharmaceutical company n. 118.promotion=marketing n. 119.research=study=survey=investigation n. 120.work=be an effective way=be useful=help=achieve=succeed=have an effect=happen=turn out v.121.rely on=depend on v.122.avoid=stay away=keep away=steer clear of=make a detour v. 123.die out=extinct=disappear=no longer exist v.124.hunt=search for=look for=try to find=in search of v.125.limb=arm or leg=body=organ n.126.perceive=sense=see=spot=become aware of=observe v.127.calculate=measure=work out=figure=estimate=access v.128.detection=finding=observation n.129.coin=invent=make=create=come up with v.130.inaccurate=incorrect=wrong=misleading adj.131.revision=change=shift=reform=alteration n.132.downward=fall=drop=downhill adj.133.increasing=soaring=growing=rising adj.134.primarily=mainly=largely=chiefly=principally 主要地adv.135.due to=because of=as a result of=thanks to=owing to136.decrease=reduce=fall=drop v.137.radical=not traditional=new=unconventional adj.138.prior to=beforehand=before=in advance=on the eve of139.demanding=difficult=hard=challenging=tough adj.140.well known=notorious=famous=renowned adj.141.admit=acknowledge=confess=to tell the truth v.142.be similar to=like=resemble=bear a resemblance to=akin to v. 143.result in=lead to=cause=give rise to=bring about144.sophisticated=advanced=high-tech=complex=complicated 145.address=solve=deal with=handle v.146.imitate=copy=impersonate=follow one's example v.147.maintain=continue=carry on=keep up=preserve v.148.feed=eat=have=chew=swallow=consume v.149.illustrate=show=demonstrate=make clear=reflect v.150.memorise=learn=commit something to memory v.151.conventional=traditional=conformist=conservative v.152.notice=see=spot=be aware of=be conscious of v.153.retain=keep=save=hold on to v.154.convince=persuade=win sb. over=satisfy v.155.spectacular=impressive=imposing=striking=grand adj.156.interior=inner=inside adj.157.change=shift=alter=transfer v.158.establish=build=found=set up=start v.159.official=authority=leader=supervisor n.160.isolated=inaccessible=distant=remote=faraway adj.161.collapse=fall=fall over=fall down v.162.destroy=devastate=wreck=obliterate v.163.absorb=digest=take in=assimilate v.164.severe=serious=stiff=heavy adj.165.purify=refine=distill v.166.hidden=disguised=concealed=veiled adj.167.decline=decrease=reduce=fall=drop v.168.deteriorate=get worse=go down=decline v.169.recognize=know=identify=pick out v.170.conclude=summarize=come to/reach the conclusion v. 171.adapt to=get used to=become accustomed to=adjust to v. 172.initiate=start=launch=open=set in motion v.173.refer to=mention=allude to=touch on v.174.identify=name=recognize=diagnose v.175.request=demand=claim=petition=appeal n.176.be divided into=separate=split=break up=break down v. 177.consist of=be made up of=be composed of=comprise178.hinder=hamper=impede v.179.objective=aim=purpose=goal=target n.180.implement=carry on=execute=put sth. Into practice v. 181.promote=encourage=help=aid v.182.warn=caution=alert=give sb. a warning v.183.observation post=watchtower n.184.access=entrance=entryway=way in n.185.cause=reason=factor=origin=root n.186.measure=weigh=time=take=read v.187.route=motorway=highway=expressway n.188.exclude=omit=miss out=leave out=drop v.189.renewable=sustainable=recycling=environmentally friendly adj. 190.exist=there is/are=be found=occur v.191.limit=restrict=constrain=confine=keep to v.192.boundary=border=edge=outskirts=frontier n.193.allow for=make sth. Possible194.proposal=suggestion=recommendation=proposition n.195.urban=city=town=municipal adj.196.odour=smell=stench=stink n.197.find one's way=navigate v.198.bearing=position=standing n.199.exchange=share=distribute v.200.waste=unwanted materials=rubbish=garbage=trash n.201.dental=teeth adj.202.priority=preferential=the most important=overriding n.203.encourage=promote=help=support=be supportive v.204.explore=look for=discuss=think v.205.factor=cause=reason=root=origin n.206.cultivate=grow=raise v.207.convert=modify=transfer=adapt=customize v.208.digest=take in=absorb=assimilate v.209.preserve=protect=keep=store=keep sth. in storage v.210.monitor=watch=keep an eye on v.211.allocate=distribute=apportion=grant=confer v.212.decline=decrease=reduce=fall=drop v.213.fragile=weak=delicate=breakable=feeble adj.214.upgrade=improve=make sth.better=make improvements v. 215.advanced=developed=sophisticated=high-tech adj.216.sustainable=renewable=recycling=environmentally friendly adj. 217.evidence=proof=documentation n.218.long-standing=lengthy=long-running=lasting adj.rge numbers of=tens of thousands of=manyrge=massive=huge=enormous=vast adj.221.resemble=look like=alike=much the same=akin to v.222.foe=enemy=adversary=hostile n.223.more than=exceed=over=in excess of v.224.decrease=crash=reduction=fall=drop n.225.stop=halt=come to a halt v.226.sufficient=abundant=enough=adequate adj.227.establish=found=build=set up v.228.be Successful=prosper=do well=succeed=thrive229.recognize=certify=accept=acknowledge v.bel=display=call=brand=hail v.231.adapt=adjust=get used to=become/grow accustomed to v.232.mistake=error=fault=slip=mix-up n.233.keep a check on=monitor=watch=keep an eye on v.234.unexpected=unpredictable=unforeseeable adj.235.generally=in general=in the whole=all in all=all things considered adv. 236.previously=before=earlier=formerly adv.237.apply=use=make use of=exercise=utilize v.238.due to=because=since=owing to=thanks to=as a result of239.raise=lift=lift up=pick up=scoop up v.240.in addition=besides=additionally=too=also=as well241.inhabitant=resident=population=citizen=local n.242.collapse=failure=fall n.243.set up=establish=found=start=open244.ensure=make sure=make certain=see to it that v.245.assist=help=aid=give a hand=do sth.for v.246.deny=refuse=withhold v.247.permit=allow=let=agree to=authorize v.248.interfere=intrude=disrupt=meddle v.249.repeat=redo=retake=do sth. again v.250.prevent=stop=restrain=hold back=discourage v.251.disrupt=disturb=upset=break up v.252.long-term=chronic=long=lengthy=long-running adj.253.expose=show=reveal=present=let sb. see v.254.intense=strong=passionate=powerful=fervent adj.255.random=arbitrary=at random adj.256.require=demand=need=call for v.257.fatigue=tiredness=exhaustion=drowsiness n.258.manifest=show=reveal=present v.259.concentrate=pay attention=put one's mind on=attentive v.260.produce=make=manufacture=create=fashion v.261.carry out=implement=put sth. into practice=execute v.262.perform=do=conduct=dabble in v.263.agree=concur=go along with=fall in with=go with v.264.significance=impressive=meaning=sense n.265.meditation: the practice of emptying your mind of thoughts and feelings, in order to relaxpletely or for religious reasons n.267.environment=condition=light, sound, warmth=situation=circumstance n. 268.alter=change=revise=make changes v.269.trial=experiment=test n.270.success rate=positiveresult=achievement=progress=breakthrough=accomplishment n.271.pick out=identify=recognize=know=tell v.272.limit=minimize=maximum=the most=ceiling=cut-off point v.273.different=individual=not like=vary=not the same=contrast with=diverse adj.274.invention=device=creation=innovation n.275.cold temperature=freezing weather=chilly=frosty=wintry=cold snap adj. 276.farming=agriculture n.277.simultaneous=at the same time=together=at once=at one time adj. 278.uniform=equal=homogeneous adj.279.devise=formulate=invent=create=come up with=makeup=conceive=coin=dream up v.280.civil=municipal=metropolitan adj.281.divide=split=separate=break up=break down=take apart=take something to piece v.282.new=revolutionary=original=innovation=fresh=novel=be in its infancy adj.283.create=introduce=invent=make sth. do sth.=be the cause=lead to sth. v. anize=co-ordinate=arrange=set out=put something in order=line up v. 285.public event=communal activity286.prompt=result in=lead to=make somebody do something=cause somebody to do something=lead somebody to do something=motivate=inducesomebody to do something v.287.resemble=like=similar=alike=much the same=comparable v.288.oversimplify=incomplete=simplistic=generalize=see things in black and white adj.289.altitude=from...meters above the ground=height=how high=level n. 290.zone=airspace=region=area=district=quarter=block=suburb n.291.weather =climate=condition n.292.categorize=class / type=sort=classify=be grouped=grade v.293.create=establish=invent=start up=open=set up=found=inception v.294.beacon and flashing=light=beam n.295.improve=develop=evolve=get better=catch up=pick up=things are looking up v.296.aircraft=plane=by air n.297.average-sized=medium-sized adj.298.city=metropolitan=urban=town=village=civic=municipal=downtown n. 299.control the working of a clock n.300.coincidental : happening completely by chance without being planned adj.301.disobey : to refuse to do what someone with authority tells you to do, or refuse to obey a rule or law v.302.drastically : extreme and sudden adv.303.remain=stay=keep=continue to be=still v.304.detect=inspect=examine=notice=spot=become aware /conscious=note=conserve=perceive v.305.fault=flaw=defect=trouble=bug=virus=be something wrong with=be something matter with n.306.enough=sufficient=adequate=cover=meet somebody's need adj. 307.main=largely=principal=chief=major=key=primary=prime=predominant=co re adj.308.documentation=written account=evidence=proof n.309.shift=switch=transfer=move=jerk v.310.consistent=lasting=stay the same=constant=unchanging adj.311.drought=no rain at all=dry=dusty adj.312.period=cycle=era=age n.313.random=arbitrary=at random adj.314.molten=hot=heat=boiling / boiling hot=scalding / scalding hot adj. 315.intense=strong=passionate=powerful=deep adj.316.discover=explore=find / unearth=turn up v.317.pattern=trade / commodity=business n.318.relate to=associate with=link to / connect to=identify with319.feeling=emotional response / sensory=a sense of=passion n.320.unappreciated=undervalued adj.321.difficult=elusive=hard / tough=easier said than done adj.322.study=research=analyse=do/conduct research v.323.smell=odour=scent n.324.interpretation=be considered to be=understanding=reading n.325.define=distinguish=tell the difference v.326.damage=impair=break=do/cause damage=scratch v.327.realize=consciously consider=occur to=become aware=sinkin=strike=hit=wake up to the fact that v. 328.reveal=show=demonstrate=let somebody see=present=expose=let somebody take a look v.329.to be defined=unanswered330.husbands and wives=marriage partner / spouse=couple=newlyweds 331.linguistic=language n.332.describe=name=express=give a description of=talk about=write about=give an account of=tell of v.ck=do not exist=not enough=scarce=inadequate=insufficient=in short supply v.334.regard as=consider to 把...认作335.unpleasant=offensive=horrible / disgusting / revolting=not very nice=nasty adj.336.certain=some=a measure of adj.337.correspond=be consist of=coincide=match up v.338.relevance n.339.float=afloat v.340.building=property=construction n.341.support=back=be behind=in support of=back somebody up v.342.financial support=fund=financial aid343.stumbling block=difficulty=trouble n.344.create=generate=form=produce v.345.direct=guide=lead=instruct=give order/instruction v.346.beam=laser=ray=glow=glare n.347.aim=direct at=purpose=point=idea=objective=goal=target n.348.test in real=field test349.genius=giftedness / talent /intellectual=intelligence=brains=brilliant=wisdom n.350.inherit=run in family=receive=get=be given=be awarded v.351.talent=prodigy=skill=ability=craftsmanship=flair=have a knack=a natural ability to do something352.lessen=minimize=subside=lighten=relieve=ease=allay v.353.significance=supremacy=definition=meaning=sense=connotation n. 354.achieve=make=succeed=manage=make progress=accomplish=get results v.达成355.limitation=restricted=disadvantage=drawback=liability=the downside n.限制356.stable=characteristic=constant=steady=fixed=unchanging adj.357.life span=duration of life358.biological clock=internal clock359.prolong=extend=drag out=spin out v.360.principle=law=conscience=scruples n.361.optimal=better=best adj.362.conserve=save / frugal=reserve=keep back v.anism=living thing=life form=wildlife =an animal, plant, human, or any other living thing n.364.middle-year education=lower secondary school365.format=pattern n.366.less successful student=struggler367.key=contributing factor=important=major=significant=critical n.368.spacious=largely=big=huge=vast=enormous=immense adj.369.adapt=accessible=get used to=become/grow accustomed to=adjust to v. 370.careful=elaborate=conscientious=thorough=meticulous=methodical adj. 371.supplementary=assist=additional=extra=further=added=spare=more=anot her n.372.effort=hard work=work at=push yourself=labour n.373.correct answer=accuracy n.374.no longer respond=resistance=fight against375.cost=financial outlay=spend=charge=fare=rental=toll n.376.innate=built-in adj.377.immunity=resistance n.378.entail=involve v.379.circumstance=system n.380.feed on=prey on381.wipe out=eradicate=get rid of=abolish=scrap=do away with=eliminate pare=determination of variation=contrast=liken=make a comparison=draw an analogy=draw a parallel v.patible=use both method=well-matched=be made for each other=be a perfect match384./pair/couple=be right for=be ideally suited adj.385.specimen=individual n.386.wet=marshy=soaked=waterlogged=awash adj.387.habitat=area=the environment=ecosystem=ecology n.388.little time and effort is required=minimal maintenance and intervention。
高中英语知识点归纳听力中的同义词替换技巧听力考试对于大部分学生来说都是比较困难的一项,并且在其中,同义词替换的题型经常让学生头疼。
同义词替换是指在听力中,原句使用了某个词汇,而选项中则使用了意思相近的词汇来表达同样的意思。
这种题型考察了学生的词汇理解和语言灵活运用能力。
在这篇文章中,我们将讨论一些高中英语知识点,并且归纳一些在听力中使用同义词替换的技巧。
首先,我们来看一些常见的同义词替换形式。
在听力中,同义词替换往往采用了以下几种形式:1. 同义词表达:原句中的词汇被选项中的同义词替换。
例如,原句中的单词 "difficult" 可能被替换成 "hard" 或者 "challenging"。
2. 反义词表达:原句中的词汇被选项中的反义词替换。
例如,原句中的单词 "happy" 可能被替换成 "unhappy"。
3. 概括与具体化表达:原句中的词汇被选项中更为概括或具体化的词汇替换。
例如,原句中的单词 "car" 可能被替换成 "vehicle" 或者"automobile"。
在听力中遇到同义词替换的题型时,我们可以采取以下策略来提高正确率:1. 提前预测:在听力开始之前,我们可以先阅读题目,并根据题目中的关键词来预测可能出现的同义词替换形式。
这样的预测可以帮助我们更好地理解听力材料,并且注意到同义词替换的出现。
2. 注意上下文关系:在听力中,同义词替换常常伴随着上下文的变化。
我们可以通过注意句子之间的逻辑关系和连接词的使用来判断是否存在同义词替换。
3. 重点词汇记忆:在听力中,一些常见的高频词汇往往会被选项中的同义词替换。
我们可以将这些高频词汇进行重点记忆,并且学习它们的同义词替换形式,以便在听力中能够更容易地识别出它们。
4. 多做练习:同义词替换是一个需要积累和训练的技巧。
听力同义替换第1节1,rescue ['reskjuː] v.&n.营救,解救,救援同义替换:save例句:Rescue efforts were underway Thursdaymorning.周四上午救援工作正在进行当中。
2,property ['prɒpəti]n.资产,财产;地产同义替换:abuilding,apieceofland例句:OnSunday,thecastle'sownerJohnGordon,76,wasforcedtomoveoutofhisproperty.该城堡的主人、76岁的约翰·戈登于周日被迫搬离。
3,primarily ['praɪm(ə)rɪlɪ]adv.主要地同义替换:mainly例句:She primarily speaks to students in healthclasses.她主要是在健康课上给学生们讲。
4,specify ['spesɪfaɪ]v.具体指明;明确说明同义替换:tostate something in an exact and detailedway例句:Graduation requirements specify the number of credits you mustearn毕业要求中写明了你需要修的学分总数。
5,queue [kjuː] v.排队n.队,行列【英】同义替换:line up v. 将…排成队【美】例句:As customers began toqueue.眼看顾客们开始排队。
6,examine / ɪɡ'zæmɪn /v.检查,审查同义替换:lookat something carefully andthoroughly例句:The Department of Public Health in Boston gathers and carefully examines thefigures. 波士顿公共卫生部会收集并仔细审查这些数据。
高考英语听力同义替换词presentation n[C] 报告;陈述 talk, speech, lectureturn in 上交;提交 hand in,submitthe whole time 一直 all the timebe anxious about 为······忧虑 be worried about, be concerned aboutraise money 筹钱 collect moneydrop out (of school) 退学;辍学 quit school, leave schoolquit vi& vt 停止;戒掉 give uppick up 取(某物);(开车)接(人) collectsign up for 报名参加 register for, enterobviously adv 显然;明显地 clearlytake advantage of sth 利用某物 make use of sthacross from 在对面;在对过 oppositefree time 空余/业余/闲暇时间 spare time, leisure timegather vt 收拢;收集 collectshow up 到场;露面 turn up, arriveconvince vt 说服 persuadeincredibly adv 极其 extremelya couple of 几个 a fewhair cut n [发型] hairstyleview a house 看房 check on a house, see a housedate back to 追溯到 date fromcheckup n[C] 体格检查;健康检查 medical / physical examinationset up 创建;建立 start, found, establishout of shape 身体不好;不健康 in poor healthhold sb up 耽误某人 delay /keep sbpositive adj 乐观的 hopeful, optimisticnow and then 有时;偶尔 from time to time, sometimes, once in a whileon one’s own 独自;单独 by oneself, aloneas usual 像平常一样;照例 as alwayscan’t stand 不能忍受 can’t beargo up (温度等)上升 risestraight away 立即;马上 at once, in an instant, immediately, in a second, in a moment regard sth as 认为某物是······ consider sth aspass down 把······传给某人;把······往下传 hand downfreeway n[C] 高速公路 highway, expresswaygrade n[C]成绩;分数 marktake part in 参与(某事);参加(某活动) join intake sb’s place 代替;替换 take the place of sb, replace sbhand out 分发 give outtake over 接管;接手 take control ofattempt vt 尝试 tryexit vi&vt 离去;离开 leaveplace vt (小心或有意)放置;安放 putfill out 填写(表格等) fill inthroughout the world 全世界 all over the world, around the worldunder pressure 在压力下;承受压力 under stressat present 现在;目前 now, at the moment, right nowtake care of 负责;处理 deal withdue to 由于;因为 because of, owing to, as a result ofbring about 导致;引起 causebring up 抚养,提起(某个话题)raisework out 锻炼 exerciseunusual adj 不寻常的 unmonreservation n[C](房间、座位等的)预定 bookingscreen vt 放映(电影) showget around 出行;各处走动 get aboutbreak down (机器等)出故障 go wrong, not workgo for 选择 chooseconcentrate on 集中精力于 focus onhave / run a temperature 发烧 have / run a fever, be burning uplook through 翻查;翻找 go throughspeedy adj 迅速的;快捷的 quickbe mad at 对······很生气 be angry with, be annoyed withone hundred percent 完全地 pletelybe of medium height 中等身高 be of average heightin good shape 情况良好 in good conditionjoin...to...把·····和·····连接起来 connect...to...result in 造成;导致 lead tomean to do sth 打算做某事 intend to do sth, plan to do sthbear sth in mind 将某物/事记在心中;记住某物/事 keep sth in mindpart n[C] 角色 rolealtogether adv 总共 in all, in totalattend a lecture 听讲座 go to a lectureabsorb vt 理解;掌握 take inform a band 组建乐队 organise a groupache vi 疼痛hurtbe in charge of 负责 be responsible forfree of charge 免费 for freemoreover adv 而且;此外 in addition, furthermoreclose by 在不远处;在近旁 nearbypacked adj 异常拥挤的;挤满人的 crowedscared adj 害怕的 frightened, afraiddrop n[C] 下降;下跌 fallhorrible adj 可怕的;吓人的 terribleopinion n[C]意见;看法 view, ideainvent vt 编造;虚构 make upearn money 挣钱 make moneyescape vi & vt 逃走;逃脱 get away fromkeep a journal 记日记 keep a diarywarm adj 温情的;热心的;友好的 friendlypresenter n[C] (广播、电视)节目主持人 host, hostessYou can’t be serious! 你一定是开玩笑吧! You must be joking!a wide variety of 各种各样的 all / different kinds of , all sorts of except for 除······之外 apart from, aside fromapproach vi&vt (时间)临近 e nearmore or less 几乎;差不多 almostrather than 而不是 instead ofprevent sb/ sth (from) doing sht 阻止某人 / 某物做某事 stop sb / sth from doing sth current adj 当前的;现在的 presentfigure out 弄懂;弄清楚 work outsufficient adj 足够的;充足的 enoughin the meantime 在此期间;与此同时 meanwhileto be honest 说实话;坦率地说 to be frankpostpone vt 延迟;延期 put offput aside 储存;保留 save, put awayearn / make a living 谋生 support oneselfdistinct adj 明显的 cleardespite prep 即使;尽管 in spite ofget stuck in 陷(入);困(于)be trapped inplus prep 和;外加 as well asdefeat vt 击败;战胜 beatswitch sth on / off 开/ 关(电灯、机器等) turn sth on / offe in handy 有用处;派上用场 be usefulclose down 关闭 shut downworn out 疲惫不堪的;精疲力竭的 tired, exhaustedbe thirsty for 渴望;渴求 be eager forahead of time 超前 in advanceI mean it.我是认真的。
四级听力常考同义替换及高频短语同义替换1. tough = hard 困难的2. trustworthy = reliable 可靠的3. in the late 19th century = in 18854. disguise = pretend 伪装;假装5. raise = increase 增加6. shut down = close 关闭7. condition = illness 病;健康状况8. stir up trouble = make trouble 引起麻烦9. stupid = dumb [dʌm] 愚蠢的10. often = frequent 经常的11. produce = make 制造12. be trapped in = be stuck in 被困在13. be fined = face penalties 面临罚款常考短语1. raise money 筹钱2. air crash 空难3. personal statement 个人陈述4. industrial revolution 工业革命5. marketing consultant 营销顾问6. shut down 关闭7. be better at 更善于8. in charge of 管理,负责9. set out to do sth. 着手做某事10. extreme weather 极端天气11. take over 接管12. get addicted to 上瘾,沉溺于13. be frank with sb. 对某人坦白14. ring back 回电话15. be on terms with 和…有交往16. take on 承担17. stir up 激起;鼓动;挑起18. be likely to 可能19. diplomatic relations 外交关系20. a sense of 一种…的感觉21. blended family 混合家庭22. run out of 用完23. have no means to do 没有办法做某事24. be bound to 一定会25. frozen food 冷冻食品26. production line 生产线27. International Labour Organization 国际劳工组织28. go down 下降;减少29. heart attack 心脏病30. in person 亲自31. be familiar with 对…熟悉32. terrorist attack 恐怖袭击33. cash register 收银机34. trick sb. into (doing) sth. 骗某人做某事35. pay the rent 付房租36. secondary school 中学37. in advance 预先,事先38. utility service 公用服务设施39. flight attendant 飞行服务员40. terminal capacity 终端容纳能力41. be harmful to 对...有害42. on impulse 一时冲动43. dependent upon 依赖44. be stuck in 被困在45. bulletin board 公告牌46. give birth to 产生,引起47. get rid of 摆脱48. senior citizens 老年人49. profit margin 利润率50. royal family 皇室51. general public 群众,公众52. postage rate 邮费53. arouse one’s interest 引起某人的兴趣54. awards ceremony 颁奖仪式55. press operator 印刷工人56. culture shock 文化冲击57. give rise to 引起,导致58. one-way ticket 单程票59. off and on 断断续续地60. comment on 就…发表看法/评论61. full-time education 全日制教育62. take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事63. lose contact with 失联64. sell off 卖掉65. single-parent family 单亲家庭66. shorthand-typist 速记打字员67. associate with 把…联系在一起68. be trapped in 被困在69. in private 私下70. substitute for 代替71. make contributions to 做出贡献72. break down 坏掉,出毛病73. tour guide 导游74. arrange an appointment with sb. 和某人约定时间见面75. take advantage of 利用76. at length 长时间;详尽地;终于77. blood pressure 血压78. appeal to 对…有吸引力;诉诸于79. ought to 应该80. drug abuse 滥用毒品81. rescue effort 救援工作82. application letter 申请信83. a range of 一系列84. in charge 主管85. assembly line 流水作业线86. air ticket seller 飞机票售票员87. recreational drug users 消遣型瘾君子88. be sentenced to 被判处89. seek one’s permission 征求某人的同意90. in detail 详细地91. come into being 形成92. fixed expense 固定花销93. primary school 小学94. a layer of 一层95. processing plant 处理厂96. border crossing 边境通道97. depend on 取决于98. impose taxes 征税。
听力同义词替换disadvantage=downside=drawback=problem=weakness=shortcoming=lack of=lapse of=defect=deficiencyin order to= aim at inform=tell (feedback)18 months=one and half yearsat present=currently= at the moment=now=available at the time= in the pastat times=sometimes=once in a while=from time to timein the following week=next week=in a weekat first=originally before=previouslybeforehand=in advanceoverseas students=international studentstake into consideration=take into account=consider carefully=think overdecide=determine=make the (final)decision=It’s up to you.display=show=complete adopt=use=applysuggest=advise=recommend suggestion=advice=recommendation assist (assistance)=support=help=aid refuse=reject=decline=turn down cope with=deal with=do with=handle=tackle get=gain=receive=achieve (low grades) correct=revise=review reserve=bookresist=withstand remain=staybe consisted of=be composed of =compriserent out=let out manage=controlinfluence=affect=have an impact on be afraid of=fear=be scared of comment=give an opinion join=connectsituate=locate=lie in=stand (situation=location)refer to=speak of observe=see and noticerelax=unwind satisfy=meet/cater forresearch=investigate=examine→survey see=catch a sight ofbe frank-be honest=tell the truthconcentrate on=focus on cooperate=work together=work as a team reasonably priced=cheap=not expensivescientist=researcher=investigatorapproach=measure=method=means=waysign=indicationIndicate=demonstrate=show=reflectjoining fees=union fees tuition=fee(fee=fair)fine=charge cost=price (pay/spend)argument=controversy—disagreementsuch as=for example=for instance as for=as todisrupt (disruption)=disturb=bothergrant=fund=financial matter evidence=proof=recorda good price=lots of money housing coordinator=house agentmark=score=grade pressure=stressmain road=arterial roadcreature=animal=beast=wildlife remains=relics遗体、尸体rear=back company=firm=organization=corporation timber=lumber partner=spouseschool children=school studentsdull=boring=not interesting excellent=terrific=fantastic=wonderfuldreadful=terrible=awful ordinary=commonmissing=lost close=intimatehungry=starving illogical=unreasoningdefinite=certain=sure tend to=be likely tosufficient→insufficient=deficient plenty of=lots of=enoughjob=vocation=career=occupationin no way=in no case=under no circumstances refundable=returnable=get money back。
chou名词1. 上义词V.S 下义词e.g cold drink → chilled mineral waterreptile → snakesimprovement → innovatione.g we → library staffyou → postgraduates形容词1. 同义词,近义词替换e.g easy → elementary, simpletall → highideal → perfect2. 反义替换e.g interesting → boringnoisy → quiet2. 同根词互换e.g arrive → arrivaldepart → departure3. 反义替换e.g include → excludebeen told → heard4. 跨词性替换e.g listen to → ta lksreduce → lower5. 抽象到具体e.g recover → overcome its problems地图题核心词汇be far from 距离某处很远be nearby 距离某处很近go straight across/to/through 径直走过/向/穿过cross(over) 穿过(某条街道)租房场景核心词汇Accommodation Center 住宿管理中心housing coordinator 住宿协调员landlord/landlady 男/女房东flat/apartment公寓student hostel 学生招待所motel汽车旅馆bungalow 平房lounge客厅kitche厨房garag车库store room/house储藏室corridor走廊bathroom卫生间stove炉灶microwave oven微波炉air conditioning空调radiator(电)暖气stereo (system)音响fridge/refrigerator/freezer冰箱washing machine洗衣机electric fans 电风扇electric stove电炉cooking utensils厨房用具armchair扶手椅carpet 地毯dishwasher 洗碗机toaster 烤面包机bathtub/tub浴盆furniture 家具unfurnished无家具设备的springs弹簧床towel 浴巾,毛巾个人信息表核心词汇fullname全名namenamevisabirthage年龄bloodtype血型height身高favoritefood比较/最爱吃的食物transportation交通工具register/enrollmentdate注册/报道日期Englishproficiency英语水平home/officenumber家庭/办公电话号码weightstatus德Birmingham 伯明翰Coventry 考文垂Leeds 利兹Scotland 苏格兰Glasgow 格拉斯哥Edinburgh 爱丁堡Wales 威尔士Cardiff 加的夫Ireland 爱尔兰Dublin 都柏林Belfast 贝尔法斯特New Zealand 新西兰Wellington 惠灵顿Australia 澳大利亚Canberra 堪培拉Brisbane 布里斯班Sydney 悉尼PerthQuebecYorkBoston 波士顿Atlanta 亚特兰大Seattle 西雅图LosAngeles/L.A.洛杉矶Chicago 芝加哥旅游娱乐核心词汇cities 城市mountains 山脉deserts 沙漠hilly areas 丘陵地带wet lands 沼泽地bush land 灌木丛tropical rain forests 热带雨林resorts 胜地coastal areas 沿海地区hot springs 温泉cruisefountain 喷泉plants 植物beaches 海滩spotlight tour 聚光灯旅行four-wheel drive 四驱车cruise 游轮water polo 水球beach towel 大浴巾telescopes 望远镜雅思考试常见动物duckbill 鸭嘴兽koala 考拉kangaroo 袋鼠ostrich 鸵鸟falcon 猎鹰parrot 鹦鹉coral 珊瑚jelly fish 水母shark 鲨鱼turtle 海龟have a stuffednose 鼻子不通stiff neck 脖子发僵cholera 霍乱tummy upset 脓肿pills 肠胃不适have/catch acold 感冒have a sorethroat 嗓子痛have a stomachache 胃痛have a fever 发烧have aheadache 头痛have a cough 咳嗽have atoothache 牙痛allergy 过敏症chillyskullliver 肝脏kidney 肾脏skeleton 骨骼muscle 肌肉joint 关节blood vessel 血管brain 脑throat 喉咙,咽喉nipple 乳头pit 胸口navel 肚脐abdomen 腹部thigh 大腿nerve 神经human bodyhead 头forehead 额throat 喉咙、咽喉neck 脖子heel 踵(zhong)sole 脚底课程学习核心词汇commerce/trade/trading 贸易customs 海关customs duty 关税quota 配额;限额commercial transaction 买卖;交易manufacturer 制造商;制造厂middleman 中间商;经纪人dealer 经销商wholesaler 批发商retailer 零售商tradesman 零售商merchant 商人sale 销售bulk sale 整批销售wholesale 批发facilities 设施divisions 系departments 系campus 校园Common Room/House公共休息室canteen 食堂dining hall 食堂cafeteria 自助餐厅accommodation 住宿car park/parking lot/area 停车场shopping mall 购物中心deadlines 截止日期attendance 出勤率homesickness 想家financial 财务的plagiarism 作弊Administration/Admin Office 管理办公室Laboratory/lab 实验室Student Union 学生会Auditorium 会堂;礼堂lounge, gymnasium/gym 体育馆LawCentertootermsinterlibrary service 图书馆之间相互借书locker room 更衣室resource center 资料中心audio-visual resources 音像资料中心newspapers 报纸journals (学术性的)杂志periodical(magazines and journals) 定期刊物almanacs 年鉴atlas 地图集bibliography 书目in circulation 在书库里touch-screen service 触摸屏stacks 书库photocopying room 复印室open/closed reserve 可以外借的/只准在图书馆看的重要或热门书籍current/back issue 最新的/过期的一期category 种类librarian 图书馆员encyclopedia 百科全书test papers 考试卷8、重要的:9、认为:15、导致:16、因此:1718、降低至:to, sink to, slide to19、保持稳定:Level out, do not change, remain stable, remain still, remain steady, be stable, maintain the same level, remain unchanged, be still, remain the same level, stay constant, keep at the same level, level off, stabilize, keep its stability, even out20、急剧地:Dramatically, drastically, sharply, hugely, enormously, steeply, substantially,considerably, significantly, markedly, surprisingly, strikingly, radically, remarkably, vastly,noticeably21、平稳地:Steadily, smoothly, slightly, slowly, marginally, gradually, moderately, mildly22、宣称:Allege, assert, declare, claim23、发生:Happen, occur, take place24、原因:Reason, factor, cause25、发展:Development, advance, progress26、有益的:Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding, advantageous27、影响:Influence, impact, effect28、明显的:Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear29、占:Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose30、与…相比:Compared with, compared to, in comparison with, in comparison to, by comparison31323435、事实上:36、换言之:三、Australia 澳大利亚Canberra 堪培拉Queensland 昆士兰州Brisbane 布里斯班New South Wales 新南威尔士州Sydney 悉尼South Australia 南澳大利亚州Adelaide 阿德莱德Victoria 维多利亚州Melbourne 墨尔本Western Australia 西澳大利亚州Perth 珀斯Section 1旅游,租房,搬家,办驾照,找工作,购物,订餐Section 2旅游,图书馆,招聘,活动介绍,健康保健,电台节目Section 3 conversation口头陈述---presentation作业布置---assignment论文讨论---essay地图题给出地点名称,寻找图中相应位置。
常见同义词替换1、解决:Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle2、损害:Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize3、给与:Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford4、培养:Develop, cultivate, foster5、优势:Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength6、缺陷:Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness7、使迷惑:Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle8、重要的:Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative9、认为:Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced10、保护:Protect, conserve, preserve11、确保:Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge12、有害的:Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental13、要求:Request, demand, needs, requisition14、消除:Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away15、导致:Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate16、因此:So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this17、增长至:Grow to, rise to, increase to, go up to, climb to, ascend to, jump to, shoot to18、降低至:Dip to, fall to, decline to, decrease to, drop to, go down to, reduce to, slump to, descend to, sink to, slide to19、保持稳定:Level out, do not change, remain stable, remain still, remain steady,be stable, maintain the same level, remain unchanged, be still, remain the same level, stay constant, keep at the same level, level off, stabilize, keep its stability, even out20、急剧地:Dramatically, drastically, sharply, hugely, enormously, steeply, substantially, considerably, significantly, markedly, surprisingly, strikingly, radically, remarkably, vastly, noticeably21、平稳地:Steadily, smoothly, slightly, slowly, marginally, gradually, moderately, mildly22、宣称:Allege, assert, declare, claim23、发生:Happen, occur, take place24、原因:Reason, factor, cause25、发展:Development, advance, progress26、有益的:Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding, advantageous27、影响:Influence, impact, effect28、明显的:Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear29、占:Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose30、与…相比:Compared with, compared to, in comparison with, in comparison to, by comparison with, by comparison to31、对比而言:By contrast, in contrast, on the other hand, on the contrary, conversely32、展示:Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe33、大约:Approximately, almost, about, around, nearly, roughly34、波动:Fluctuate, go ups and downs, display a fluctuation, demonstrate a fluctuation35、事实上:Practically, in practice, essentially, in essence, in reality, in effect, infact, as a matter of fact, it is a fact that36、换言之:Namely, that is to say, in other words, to put it like this, to put it differently, to put it from another way, to put it from another angle常见地名一、U.K. /the United Kingdom/Great Britain 英国(大不列颠)London 伦敦England 英格兰Liverpool 利物浦Manchester 曼彻斯特Sheffield 谢菲尔德Birmingham 伯明翰Coventry 考文垂Leeds 利兹Scotland 苏格兰Glasgow 格拉斯哥Edinburgh 爱丁堡Wales 威尔士Cardiff 加的夫North Ireland 北爱尔兰Belfast 贝尔法斯特二、Ireland 爱尔兰Dublin 都柏林三、Australia 澳大利亚Canberra 堪培拉Queensland 昆士兰州Brisbane 布里斯班New South Wales 新南威尔士州Sydney 悉尼South Australia 南澳大利亚州Adelaide 阿德莱德Victoria 维多利亚州Melbourne 墨尔本Western Australia 西澳大利亚州Perth 珀斯。
托福听力中的同义词替换complement = supplement = add to 增加;substitute = replace 代替;so far = until present = up to now 目前为止;rooted in = based on 在……基础上;vulnerable = open to break = open to attack = weak=susceptible 易受伤的;perishable = easy to spoil 易腐烂的;seething = overflowing = excited = active 气氛热烈的;be consistent with = be compatible with 与……一致,与……兼容;property = characteristic = attribute特征,属性;simulated ---- artificial 人工的,后天的;sort = type = kind 类型;staggering = overwhelming压倒性多数;string = series 一系列;swell = enlargement = expand 扩大;tract- area – terrain 领土;symmetric = balance 对称的,均衡的;taper = diminish 逐渐变小;tenet = principle = belief 信念,信条,信仰;vast = immense = extensive 大量的;advent = arrival 出现;affair = matter 事情;chronic = constant = confirmed 慢性的,证实的;consequence = result = importance 结果,重要性;counter = oppose 与……相反;countervail = compensate = oppose补偿,抵消,对抗;distinction = differentiation = excellence = honor 突出的,卓越的;distribution = dispersion = dispersal 分布;embed = implant 植入,嵌入;euphoric = extremely happy 非常高兴地;flake = fragment 薄片,部分;hinder = interfere with阻碍,打扰;ladings = cargos shipment船货;mandatory = required = obligatory 强制要求的;mundane = ordinary世俗的,平凡的prerequisite = something required= something needed to happen 要求的;sank = descended = dropped to the bottom 沉底;scant = minimum 少量的;sited = located 位于;sophisticated = refined = elaborated = complex 复杂的,精致的;ubiquitous = common 到处存在的;unanimity = total agreement 完全同意,没有敌意;spectator = viewer 观众;sporadic = intermittent = irregular 不规则的;stylus = pen 铁笔,针状物;unconceivable = unimaginable 难以想象的…uniformly = evenly = without variation = consistently 一致的;unique = sole = distinct 独特的;warranted = authorized = justified授权的;assume=take on 呈现/suppose = posit 假定;foster=promote = encourage 促进;plumage = feather 羽毛;composition = mixture 混合物;substitute=replacement 替代品;premise= assumption 假设;vigorous = strong 繁荣的,健壮的;scope = extent 程度;extraordinary = exceptional 特别的;uneasy = unstable 心神不安的,不稳定的;bulk = major 大多数;spread = distribute 散布,分布;endeavor = enterprise 进取心;proximity = nearness 接近;rotate = turn 转动,旋转;assertion = strongly statement 主张,断言;evidence = proof 证据;preeminent = foremost 最重要的;barrier = obstacle 障碍物;primitive = early 最初的;sort = type 类型;rudiment = basic 初级的;intact = unaffected 未被碰过的;prize = value 珍视;lucrative = profitable有利可图的;ineffectively = with out any result 无效的;misleading = inaccuracy 不准确的;architecture = structure 结构,建筑物;accomplished = skilled 熟练的;embedded = enclosed 内含的,嵌入的;collaboration = joint effects 协作;identical = the same 相同的;allow=enable 使得;dispersal = distribution分散,散布;hampering = restricting 妨碍,牵制;cherished = valuable 珍爱的;precision = accuracy 准确;broadly = extensively 广泛的;yearly = annual 每年;tracking = following 接下来的;tolerant = endure 忍受;rather than = instead of 而不是;transformation = conversion 转变;sample = example 样板,例子;crawl = move 爬行;hobby = pastime 消遣,娱乐;inherent in = characteristic of 与生俱来的特征;recharge = refill 再充电,再装满;devise = create 设计,发明;attest to = confirm 证明;replicas = copies复制品;extant = not extinct 现存的;be closer resemblance to = be more like 与……更相像…attribute = credit 归功于,把……记作;attribute = character 特征,属性;aware of = familiar with 熟知;agile = astute = clever = quick and active 机警的;arise = emerge 发生,出现;being = creatures 生命,存在;beforehand = foreordain 预先,注定;bulk = major part 大批,大多数;blossom = flourish 开花,繁盛;barge = boat 驳船;cardinal = fundamental 最重要的;channel = direct = guide引导;contrive = create发明,设计;convinced = conviction = strong belief 坚信;chronically = constant 慢性地,长期地;crest = peak 鸟冠,顶部;compel = push 强迫;configuration = arrangement 配置,安排;camouflage = disguise 伪装;constraint = limit 有限的;consequent = resulting 后续的,导致的;convert to = change to 变为,转向;curb = control 控制;collaborate = cooperate 合作;depletion = drain 排干,流尽,耗尽;deluxe = lavish 豪华的;duplicate = copy 复制;delicate = dainty 精致的,精美的;distribution = geographic range 分布;extend = reach 伸出;excavation = dug-out 挖掘;enlist = obtain 征募,谋求;exercise = use练习,运用;exaggerate = overstate 夸张,言过其实;enthusiastic = eager 热切的,渴望的;follow =t rack跟踪;fertile = reproductive肥沃的,有繁殖力的;fashionable = popular 流行的,时尚的;feast = eating 用餐;flexible = adaptable 灵活可变的;fragmentize = break up 裂成碎片;govern = regulate 管制,控制;imposing = impressed 令人难忘的;intense = strong 强烈的;inhospitable = unfavorable 不适宜的;implausible = unbelievable 令人难以置信的;irreparable = permanent 不能挽回的,永久性的(伤害);implement = tool 工具;inevitable = unavoidable 难以避免的;lucrative = profitable 有利可图的;myriad = numerous 无数的;manifest = reveal 展示;mandatory= required 必须的;mock = pretend 假装,模仿;nocturnal = nighttime 夜间;occasion = event 事件;pigmentation = color 染色;perilous = dangerous = risky 危险的;permit = allow 允许,容许;preordain = foreordain 命中注定的;preordain = appoint指定,约定;property = characteristic特征;proponent = supporter 组件;preserve = retain 保持,保留;propel = push驱使,推进;rigidly = strictly严格地;roam = wander徘徊,漫游;rigorous = harsh 严酷的;readily = easily 容易的;rendering = presentation 表现,表演;realm = area 领域;reinforce = strengthen 加强;surplus = extra 另外的,多余的…indicate = demonstrate 说明,表明;thrive = flourish 繁荣,兴盛;fluctuating = changing 持续波动的;mirror = reflect 反映;procure = obtain 获得;paradoxically = seemingly contradictory 表面上看起来矛盾的;counsel = advice 劝告,忠告;mock = pretend 嘲弄,模仿;spectacular = impressive 印象深刻的,引人入胜的;mimic = copy 仿制品;routinely = commonly 常规的;revolutionize = dramatic change 变革;initially = originally 最初;source = origin 源泉;diversity = variety 多样性;depict = portray 描绘;disassemble = break 分解;archive = record 档案;attribute = characteristic属性,特征;avid = enthusiastic 渴望的,热心的;basic = fundamental 基本的,基础的;collision = hit each other 撞击;copious = plentiful丰富的;disintegrate = tear apart 分解;dual = double 双重的;eager = enthusiastic 热切的;endeavor = enterprise 尽力,竭力;erect = build 矗立,建立;expediency = advantage便利;immigration = movement 迁徙;infrastructure = foundation 基础设施;locale = place场所;mean = average 平均值;myriad = innumerable == innumerous 大量的;peak = maximum 峰值,最大值;rate = classify鉴定等级,分级;save for = except for除……之外;tie = relation 联系;volume = quantity 容量;bulk = great quantity = majority 大量的;ferry = transport摆渡,渡运;hint = indication 暗示,提示;implausible = unbelievable 令人难以置信的;launch = start 开始;of legitimacy = lawful 符合法律规定的;of likelihood = probable 有可能;minute = tiny 少量的;misconception = wrong idea 错误想法;offset = balance 抵消,弥补;omit = exclude 遗漏;onset = beginning 开端;patchy = irregular 参差不齐的,不规则的;permanent = lasting 长久的,长期的;precede = come before 在……之前;preserve = protect 保护,保存;proximity = closeness = nearness 接近;right to some place = all the way一直向……地方;account = description 叙述,故事;arid = dry 干旱的,干燥的;allied with = linked to 与……结盟;access = reach 接近;astute = clever 狡猾且机敏的;avenue = method = vehicle = approach 方法,手段;appearance = rise出现;appreciable = noticeable可察觉到的;assert = strong statement 声称,断言;augment=increase 增加;absorb = take in 吸收…significant = considerable = important 重要的;surmise = guess 假设,猜想;scope = extent 程度;stealthily = silently 悄悄地,暗地里;suited = appropriate 合适的;staunch = strong 坚定的;sustenance = living 生计,生活;spectator = human viewer 观众…Sophisticated = refined 精致的,精良的;segment = portion 部分;take place = occur 发生;threatening = endangering 有危险性的;technique = method 方法;testify = give evidence 证明;toxic = poisonous 有毒的;unadorned = not decorative 朴实的,无修饰的;uniform = without variation 一成不变的;Undertake = attempt 试图;vagary = uncertainties 反复无常,不确定性;virtually = almost 几乎;vigor = energy 精力,能量;with respect of= in terms of 从……角度;warranted = justified有正当理由的,有保证的;aggravate = increase加重,恶化;Approach = move toward 接近;assertion = strongly statement 断言;central = essential 核心的,重要的;collect = gather 收集;counter = oppose 反对;dependable = reliable 可依靠的;deposit = laid down 存储,贮藏,放弃,放下;design = create 发明,设计;dim = decrease 削弱,降低;domestic = home 本地的;exaggerate = overstate 夸张,过言;extol = praise 称赞;focal point = centre area 焦点;solitary = alone 孤立的;foster = encourage 鼓励;however = yet 尽管;ignite = set on fire 点燃;immoral = improper 不道德的,不合适的;inert = motionless 迟钝的,不动的;indispensable = significant 必不可少的;largely = mostly 多数情况下;on the contrary = whereas 与……相反…。
雅思听力同义替换方式及规律讲解雅思听力同义替换方式及规律讲解以选择题为例雅思听力同义替换方式分析1.名词和动词的替换2.形容词和副词的替换3.数字的替换fortnight----14 days4.主动语态和被动语态的替换5.同义词和同义词组的替换assistant------help,travel to------go to,rather than------prefer to,book ---reserve6.双重否定和肯定表达之间的替换7.因果关系连词之间的同义替换。
如考生应注意这些因果关系的连词有些是把原因放在前面,而有些是需要把结果放在前面。
所以做题时如有替换发生,不要混淆。
雅思听力同义转换规律A:语义角度1.同义词转换这是最常见的同义转换。
例如pen被替换成something you write with, more than被替换成over,consist of,可以用be made up of,be composed of,contains等等,time management被替换成了use time effectively,都是同义词的转换。
考生在平时做完题之后,要总结出来同义词的替换,这样会提高非常快。
雅思选择题里很多内容都是这样体现的。
2.解释型同义转换解释型转换是指题干中出现一个较大的或者较抽象的概念,说话者没有直接说出这个词,而是用一段话来解释,将所表述的概念或者事物更加具体化。
通常是用一个比较通俗易懂的例子来代替。
而听力原文中把这一概念具体化,用一个通俗易懂的例子来代替它。
例如,选项中的metal industry在录音中被an iron forge取代。
iron属于metal,是metal的一种。
而forge在这里是铁匠铺的意思,是industry的具体化。
再如剑四Test2 Section1中的Question 3里,正确答案的选项an American man被替换成了a tourist from New York. 这里用美国的一个城市纽约为例,代替了美国这个整体的概念。
时间、数量、程度、范围1.maximum—up to, most2.minimum—start from; from… to…3. a couple of—two4.several--plenty5. a quarter past two—15minutes past two6. a quarter of a million—250,0007.10 years—a decade8.12—a dozen9.four and a quarter kilos—4.25kilos10.majority—60%11.most—majority, almost every, a large part/percentage/proportion of12.minority—only a few, elitistrge—massive14.several—plenty of, some, three15.once a month—every four weeks16.(once)every two weeks—every other week, twice a month17.31 January—at the end of the month18.five or six people—a small group, a few,19.individual—single, on/by oneself, alone, oneADJETIVE1.positive—yes /okay/of course/sure/definite/ in favor of2.negative—disagreement, no, waste, against, doubt, be out on ,3.might— think about4.good—wonderful5.depressed—disoriented, empty, dispiriting6.permanent—lasting7.peaceful—no military8.independent—for/by themselves9.practical—functional10.essential—must, need, require, important, necessary11.first—at the beginning, early on, start with, begin with12.available—existing13.not available—(sell) out14.uncomplicated—straight forward15.long—centuries, have to wait a fortnight16.effective—not bad17.dangerous—risky, get hurt18.boring—too tame, not active, not interesting19.easy—elementary, babyish20.standard—fixed21.not intentional—indifference22.severe—tragic23.unimportant—insignificant, too small to worry aboutVERB1.identify—discover as2.tell—indicate, alert, warm, signal, suggest3.include—in, present of sth , part of, contain4.overlook-underestimate, reluctant5.feel sth be of value—be struck by sthe—utilize, deploy, with7.develop—encourage8.balance—consider A on the one hand and B on the other9.damage—burn10.protect—save11.contact—trace up12.avoid—never do13.reduce—fewer, less14.increase—become bigger15.replace—new, gone16.build—construct, establish, set, set up, make17.recommend—suggest, had better do…, is a good idea, should, must ,ought to,is better-off if…, advise sb to do sth, sth is advisable18.reserve—book19.receive—presentation20.learn—teach21.exceed—above, over,22.limit(distance)—restrict, not anywhere further23.remove—take away,24.need—others without…25.disappear—last saw,26.handle—cope with, management, deal with27.support—help, aid, assist28.take up—introduce29.prepare refreshment—chef, kitchen hand , hospitality30.steal—theft31.not include—exclusive, need extra money32.push—pressNONE1.walk—shoes2.industry—manufacture, factories,3.apartment – housing4.leisure—recreation/ outdoor activities, entertainmentrge scale—increase dramatically6.duty—responsibility, what the job involves7.role—aim at8.cosmetics—shampoo, soap9.facilities—docks, swimming, keep-fit studio, golf, outdoor classroom, viewingshelter10.book—work11.produce—crops12.food—snack13.animal—livestock, pig, cattle, sheep, beast, species14.increased amounts—high level15.tactics—strategies16.shelter—protection17.automobile—carpany—organization19.impression—mark20.gym—fitness center21.subject—topic22.entrance—access23.stress—anxiety, pressure, strain24.advantage—positive, asset, benefit,25.disadvantage—difficulty, drawback, problem, issue, downside, inadequate,insufficient,26.people—population27.occupation—job, profession, position, what do you do, career28.not complete a course—drop out29.social network—family and friends30.equipment—what to take, belongs31.feedback—inform sb about sth32.leader—(someone)take the lead。
chou名词1. 上义词V.S 下义词e.g cold drink → chilled mineral waterreptile → snakesimprovement → innovation2. 抽象V.S 具体e.g transport → bus, traindiscount → 10% off3. 解释,下定义e.g neigh bors → people living nearbysolution → ways in which people may overcome their problemsconclusion → the last part4. 同义词,近义词e.g disadvantages → drawbacksgift → presentbooking → reservation5. 指代替换,人称代词e.g we → library staffyou → postgraduates形容词1. 同义词,近义词替换e.g easy → elementary, simple tall → highideal → perfect2. 反义替换e.g interesting → boring noisy → quieteasy → difficult3. 抽象到具体名词e.g near → just 35 minuteslong → fortnight, we ek, hour4. 同根词互换e.g important → importance beautiful → beauty动词1. 同义词,近义词替换e.g book → reservechange → adjustignore → overlook2. 同根词互换e.g arrive → arrivaldepart → departure3. 反义替换e.g include → excludebeen told → heard4. 跨词性替换e.g listen to → talksreduce → lower5. 抽象到具体e.g recover → overcome its problems地图题核心词汇be far from 距离某处很远be nearby 距离某处很近go straight across/to/through 径直走过/向/穿过cross(over) 穿过(某条街道)be next to 紧邻turn left/right 左转/右转go up/down 向上(北)/向下(南)go back/back up 往回走go east/west/south/north 向东/西/南/北go on/along…till you meet…沿。
听力高分必备同义替换表-1rent = hire 租用cab = taxi 出租车beyond one’s budget = too expensive 太贵majority = most 大部分的reservation = booking 预订xx percent off = discount 折扣thank-you present = free gift 免费礼物ask (in advance)= on request (提前)要求gender = sex 性别variety = diversity 多样性encourage = develop 发展,鼓舞take the lead in the situation = potential leaders 潜在领导者hard = difficult 困难的consider the needs of the individual on one hand and group cooperation and conformity on the other = balance conflicting needs 均衡冲突的需求think for themselves = think independently 独立思考problem solver = people who can solve the problems 解决问题的人at the beginning = early on 早期organization = company = corporation = firm =enterprise 企业A is more important thanB = give priority to A A更加重要Deal with = cope with 处理quite high level of = increased amount of 大量的stress = pressure = strain 压力teach sb. = help sb. learn 学习very accurate as you’d expect = realistic现实的observing at a distance = look at from a distance 保持距离的观看。
Cambridge 4TEST 11. ignore=pay no attention=not pay any attention=take no notice=not take any notice忽略,无视v.2. encounter=face=confront=meet遇见,遭遇v.3. mistaken view=misconception错误的观点n.4. easy to reach=accessible容易达到的adj.5. change=modify(modification) 改变v.6. destruction=destroy=loss毁坏n.7. investigate=make inquiries=enquiries=go into=probe=look into 调查v.8. where=geographical location 表地点9. important=vital=essential=crucial重要的adj.10. reason=cause=factor=origins=root=stimulus=impetus原因n.11. protect=guard=safeguard=shield=conservation保护v.12. newspapers, television=media媒体n.13. where to live=habitat居住地n.14. get warmer=global warming变暖n.15. contribute to=play a part有助于v.16. survive=continuing existence幸存,活下来v.17. curriculum=course=syllabus课程n.18. link to=be connected with=be linked with把…和…相联系v.19. underdeveloped=degenerated=rudimentary不发达的adj.20. poor=bad=badly=not very good=no good at something=weak贫穷的,可怜的adj.21. exceptional=good=excellent=outstanding=brilliant=impressive=admirable超常的,例外的adj.22. mating=courtship交配.23. follow=track=tail=shadow=hound=stalk=stalker跟随,跟踪v.24. good vision ability=vision is obviously more useful…好的视力25. best=well=greatest=finest=ideal=top=number one=ultimate=optimum=definitive=unsurpassed=record-breaking极好的adj.26. surprised=amazed=astonished=astounded=be taken aback=startled感到惊讶的adj.27. volunteer=subject实验研究对象n.28. similar=resemble=like=alike相似的adj.29. blind=can not see瞎的adj.TEST 21. initiative=on your own/by yourself=independently=on your own initiative=under your own steam=to be the person who starts something=plan=law主动的,自发的adj. 主动权n.2. increase=go up=rise=grow=climb=gain=escalate=pick up=widen=be on theincrease=intensify=expand=build up上升,增加v.3. teach=educate=train=coach=instruct=bring up教学v.4. more than one language=bilingual=sb's second language多种语言n.5. determine=establish=identify=pinpoint=diagnose 决定v.6. young people=teenager=youth=in your teens=adolescent=minor年轻人n.7. community=all the people in a particular area, city, country etc.群体,团体,社区n.8. traditional=old-fashioned=outdated=outmoded=unfashionable传统的adj.9. fail=failure=not succeed=unsuccessful=vain=fruitless=unproductive=be a failure=go wrong=not work=do no good=fall through失败v.10. endanger=to put someone or something in danger of being hurt=damaged=destroyed危及,使危险v.11. diverse=varied=variety=wide-ranging=mixed各种各样的adj.12. inevitable=certain to happen and impossible to avoid不可避免的adj.13. differ from=unusual与…不同v.14. reluctant=unwilling=not willing=drag your feet=be loath to do something=conservative勉强的adj.15. consult=ask somebody's advice=seek advice=get/obtain advice资询v.16. alternative=another=other=different=new=else=variation=variant另一个17. therapist=someone who has been trained to give a particular form of treatment for physical or mental illness临床医学家n.18. retrain=taking courses再教育v.19. salary=pay=wage=income=earnings=fee工资,收入n.20.long-term=chronic=long-running=long-standing=lasting=lifelong=prolonged=lingering=enduring=a biding=incurable长期的adj.21. complaint=complain=make a complaint=protest=object=complain抱怨n.22. illness=disease=virus=bug=infection疾病n.23. connection=relationship=link=correlation联系n.24. beneficial=be good for you/ do somebody good=wholesome=nutritious=nourishing=healthful有益的adj.25. insight=comprehension=understanding理解,见解n.26. physical=relating to the body=bodily身体的adj.27. hazard=risk=danger=threat障碍,危险n.28. accompany=with=together=along with=come wit陪伴,伴随29. mental=relating to the health or state of someone's mind精神上的,心理的adj.30. possible=possibility=can=potential=there is a chance/possibility可能的adj.31. reduction=decrease=drop=fall=cut 减少n.32. class="type"=kind=sort=style=category=variety种类n.33. rehearsal=practice=training=run-through=exercise排练,演习n.34. peer=your peers are the people who are the same age as you, or who have the same type of job, social class etc同伴n.35. defensive=used or intended to protect someone or something against attack 防御n.36. strategy=way=method=approach=technique=system=tactics 方法,功略n.37. assist=help=aid=with the aid of帮助v.38. specific=give (somebody) more details=expand on=enlarge on=go into more=greater detail=be more specific=be more explicit=elaborate特定的adj.39. substance=a particular type of solid, liquid, or gas 物质n.40. surroundings=environment=circumstance 环境n.41. engage=give somebody a job=employ=take on=appoint=recruit=sign up雇佣v.42. combine=mix=stir=beat=blend=whisk=dilute联合v.43. survival=the state of continuing to live or exist幸存n.TEST 31. quotation= a sentence or phrase from a book, speech etc which you repeat in a speech or piece of writing because it is interesting or amusing 引言n.2. exemplify= example=case=instance=to be a very typical example of something=to give an example of something 例证v.3. explain=tell=say what/why/where etc=show=demonstrate=go through=throw/shed light on=set out解释v.4. outline= to describe something in a general way, giving the main points but not the details概述v.5. purpose=aim=point=idea=objective=object=goal= target=end目的n.6. encourage=persuade=persuasion=get somebody to do something=influence=encourage=talk somebody into=put somebody up to鼓励v.7. loan= an amount of money that you borrow from a bank etc. 贷款n.8. poverty= being poor贫穷n.9. crime= illegal activities in general犯罪n.10. reject=to refuse to accept, believe in, or agree with something 拒绝v.11. employ=give somebody a job=take on=engage= appoint=recruit=sign up雇佣v.12. courier=a person or company that is paid to take packages somewhere快递员n.13. storage=keep=store=keep something in storage=preserve 存储n.14. facility=rooms, equipment, or services that are provided for a particular purpose 设备n.15. ambitious=ambition=power-hungry/power-mad=competitive= determined to be successful, rich, powerful etc.有志向的,雄心壮志的adj.16. effort=to try very hard to do something= attempt=campaign=drive努力n.17. feature= a part of something that you notice because it seems important, interesting, or typical;a part of the land, especially a part that you can see: a part of someone's face, such as their eyes, nose etc特点n.18. planet= the world=earth/Earth=the globe 地球n.19. unpredictable=can't say/tell=unforeseeable=it remains to be seen 无法预测的adj.20. machinery=machines, especially large ones= a system or set of processes for doingsomething=machine=device=robot=appliance=mechanism 机械n.21. ultimate=someone's ultimate aim is their main and most important aim, that they hope to achieve in the future= final最终的,根本的adj.22. atmosphere= the feeling that an event or place gives you= the mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth气氛; 大气n.23. occur=happen=take place=there is=come about=come up=turn up=arise=strike发生v.24. expand= get bigger=grow=swell up=stretch扩张,扩大v.25. form= type= way something is/appears=shape形式n.26. emerge=appear=become visible=come into view/come into sight=come out=reappear 出现v.27. emit= to send out gas, heat, light, sound etc 发出,放射n28. situation= circumstances=position=case=plight情况,状况n.29. self-conscious=worried and embarrassed about what you look like or what other people think of you 自觉的n.30. generate= to make someone have a particular feeling= form=produce=create 产生v.31. various=there are several different types of that thing=different=a variety ofsomething=differing=varying=an assortment of something=assorted=a mix of something=a mixture of something各种各样的adj.32. convenient= a thing or way of doing something that is easy and quick; a time or arrangement that is convenient 方便的adj.33. objective=impartial=neutral=not take sides=unbiased=disinterested客观的adj.34. enquiry=investigate=make inquiries/enquiries=go into=probe=look into=solve=be under investigation 调查35. observe=notice=can see/can tell=see=spot=detect=note become aware/conscious=catch somebody's eye=perceive观察v.36. comment=remark=thing to say=point=statement= announcement=declaration=observation评论37. include=consist of=comprise=be composed of= be made up of包含,包括v.38. focus on=deals only with=concentrate专注于v.39. affect=have an effect=have an impact=take effect= make a difference=impact影响v.40. gained from=come from=be based on=originate= go back to=have its origins in=have its rootsin=derive from/be derived from=develop from/evolve from产生于…. V.41. concern=worry=stress=anxiety=strain= a feeling of worry about something important关心,担心n.TEST 41. official=formal=authorized=on (the) record官方的,正式的adj.2. athletic=physically strong and good at sport=fit=be in shape=be in good condition运动的adj.3. intensive=involving a lot of activity, effort, or careful attention in a short period of time=rapid=crash course密集的,加强的adj.4. burst=a short sudden effort or increase in activity=burst of anger/enthusiasm/temper etc 爆炸,突发5. recognize=know=identify=pick out=tell认出,承认v.6. inadequate=not enough=too little=few=scarce=insufficient=be in short supply=lack of something=be short 不足的adj.7. develop=come from=be based on=originate=go back to=have its origins in=have its roots in=derive from=be derived from=be founded on=grow out of=develop from=evolve from发展,生长v.8. enable=make something possible=allow=permit=pave the way for=clear the way for使能够v.9. predict=anticipate=forecast=foretell=prediction=projected=guess in advance预测v.10. specialist=someone who knows a lot about a particular subject, or is very skilled at it=expert专家n.11. theoretical=relating to the study of ideas, especially scientific ideas, rather than with practical uses of the ideas or practical experience理论的adj.12.basic=fundamental=essential=central=underlying=simple=crude=primitive=rudimentary=unsophisticate d=low-tech基本的adj.13. nature=plants/animals etc=somebody's character=qualities of something=type自然n.14. aim=purpose=point=idea=objective=object=goal=target=end目的n.15. translate=change languages=interpret=put something into English/French/Japanese etc翻译v.16. ancient=belonging to a time long ago in history, especially thousands of years ago 古老的adj.17. realistic=when pictures, films etc make things seem real=lifelike=realism=true to life=vivid实际的,现实的18. field=area=branch=world=domain=realm=sphere领域n.19. document=a piece of paper that has official information on it;a piece of written work that is stored on a computer文件n.20. equal=the same in number, amount, level etc as something else平等的adj.21. influence=effect=side effect=impact=what something does to=the implications 影响n.22. behavior=manner=conduct=behave=well-behaved=good=be on your best=stay out of trouble行为n.23. compare=to examine or judge two or more things in order to show how they are similar to or different from each other=liken=make a comparison=draw an analogy=draw a parallel=contrast 比较v.24. economically=in a way that is related to systems of money, trade, or business经济上地adv.25. establish=determine=identify=pinpoint=diagnose=to start a new business or organization.建立新的生意/组织v.26. sustainable=able to continue without causing damage to the environment; able to continue for a long time可持续的adj.27. realize=know=be/become aware=can tell=appreciate=be conscious=know perfectlywell=know/learn from experience意识到v.28. limit=restrict=set/impose/put a limit=keep to/keep within=confine=fix 限制29. produce=form=create=generate生产v.30. guarantee=promise=assure=give somebody your word=swear=vow=commit to=pledge保证v.31. liberty=freedom=a free hand自由n.32. independence=self-sufficiency=self-reliance 独立n.33. consistent=always behaving in the same way or having the same attitudes, standards etc - usually used to show approval持续的adj.34. underestimate=to think or guess that something is smaller, cheaper, easier etc than it really is=to think that someone is not as good, clever, or skillful, as they really are低估v.35. provision=when you provide something that someone needs now or in the future 提供n.Cambridge 5TEST 11. produce=develop=manufacture生产v.2. central=middle中心的adj.3. did not have=without没有v.4. bring=confer=award=present=grant=confer=allocate=offer带来v.5. time limit=deadline时间限制,期限n.6. increase=go up/rise=grow=climb=gain=escalate=expand=pick up=widen=intensify=build up增加7. assistant=helper=coach 助手n.8. immense=big=major=considerable=great=huge/enormous=tremendous=large scale/large-scale巨大的adj.9. illustrate=show=be a sign=demonstrate=mean=make clear=reflect=tell=be evidence=reveal 表明,显示v.10. quotation=a phrase or sentence that is well-known or often used 引用语n.11. predecessor=someone who had your job before you started doing it 前辈,前任n.12. rival=a person, group, or organization that you compete with in sport, business, a fightetc=competitor 对手,竞争者n.13. distraction=something that stops you paying attention to what you are doing分心的事物n.14. fault=defect=problem=trouble=flaw=weakness =bug=virus=be something wrong with 错误,缺点15. cornerstone=basis=foundation=the key 基石n.16. confer=award=present=grant=allocate 给予v.17. stability=the condition of being steady and not changing稳定n.18. prevail=win=come out on top=prevail=carry the day流行,获胜v.19. contract=agreement=understanding=compromise 合约n.20. grant=award=present=confer=allocate给予v.21. fascinate=if someone or something fascinates you, you are attracted to them and think they are extremely interesting吸引,使着迷v.22. disturb=interrupt=bother=distract=put somebody off 打扰v.23. expect=think=anticipate预期,期待v.24. psychology=the study of the mind and how it influences people's behavior 心理学n.25. obey=comply with=abide by=keep to=stick to the rules=conform to=observe=respect=toe theline=go by the book/do something by the book 服从,顺从v.26. identity=someone's identity is their name or who they are 身份n.27. severity=used of the degree of something undesirable 严重性n.28. unfold=open=happen=develop=expand 展开,发生v.29. deliberately=intentionally=on purpose=purposely故意地adv.30. moral=relating to the principles of what is right and wrong behavior, and with the difference between good and evil 道德上的,与道德有关的adj.31. prior to=before=previous在…前面32. repetition=doing or saying the same thing many times重复n.33. genetic=relating to genes or genetics基因的,遗传学的adj.34. sacrifice=when you decide not to have something valuable, in order to get something that is more important牺牲v.35. victim=someone who has been attacked, robbed, or murdered受害者n.36. forge=form=counterfeit 形成;伪造v.37. persuade=convince=win over=talk around 说服v.38. surrender=give in 投降,放弃v.39. extinct=an extinct type of animal or plant does not exist anymore=disappear=vanish灭绝的,绝种的adj.40. abundant=plenty=ample 充裕的,丰富的adj.41. exaggerate=overstate夸张,夸大v.42. phenomenon=something that happens or exists in society, science, or nature, especially something that is studied because it is difficult to understand 现象n.43. perception=idea=notion=view=belief=insight 认识,观念,看法n.44. impression=infection=effect=influence=affection印象,感想n.45. entitle=to give someone the official right to do or have something 使某人有权利/资格v.46. distortion=a change for the worse=deformation扭曲,曲解v.47. dispose=to arrange things or put them in their places=arrange=settle=manage=cope with=deal with 安排,处理v.48. intuition=the ability to understand or know something because of a feeling rather than by considering the facts=instinct 直觉n.49. emission=a gas or other substance that is sent into the air排放物,散发物n.50. diminish=reduce=decrease=fall=lessen=cut 减少,减小v.51. postpone=put back=delay=adjourn 延期,推迟v.52. crucial=important=critical=vital=necessary=essential 至关重要的adj.53. pessimistic=expecting that bad things will happen in the future or that something will have a bad result=getting worse悲观的adj.54. attempt=purpose=order=effort 尝试,努力TEST 21. similar=like=resemble相似的adj.2. derive=originate=come from=stem from起源v.3. impetus=momentum=stimulus=incentive=motivation=encouragement 动机,动力n.4. generate=produce=bring into existence=make=manufacture产生v.5. couple with=and=accompany=with 伴随v.6. factor=reason=element=component=ingredient 因素n.7. unique=have the distinction=distinct=different=extraordinary=special独特的adj.8. advance=progress=development=growth=increase进步n.9. field=domain=territory=industry=sector领域n.10. alternative=substitute=replacement替代物n.11. like=such as=for example=for instance 例如12. resource=material=source资源,来源n.13. limited=restricted=exhaustible=finite有限的adj.14. involve=rely on=contain=comprise 包含,牵涉v.15. current=modern=recent=present最近的adj.16. particular=extraordinary=special=detail=specific=unique特别的,独有的adj.17. draw on=absorb=do with吸收v.18. settle on=make choice of=decide on选定v.19. superiority=advantage=edge=high quality优势n.20. accompany=when=keep company=be associated with 陪伴,伴随v.21. view=belief=opinion=insight=perception 观点n.22. artificial intelligence=reasoning in machine人工智能n.23. involve with=associate with=link to=relate to与…有关联v.24. release=issue=launch=convey=public=deliver 发行,发表v.25. difficult=demanding=hard=tough困难的adj.26. task=job=work=labour 任务,工作n.27. instantly=rapidly=immediately立即地adv.28. react=respond 反应v.29. relate to=depend on=link to=associate with=involve with 与…有关系v.30. subject views=outlook=personal/individual views=personal/individual opinions 主观观点n.31. distort=to change the appearance, sound, or shape of something so that it is strange or unclear; to report something in a way that is not completely true or correct=misinterpret 扭曲,歪曲v.32. figure out=settle=decide=tell=understand 理解,想出v.33. assessment=appraisal=evaluation=estimate=judgment评估,估计v.34. emerge=appear=come forth出现v.35. remain=keep=stay=maintain保持v.36. exploitation=development=utilization=usage利用,使用n.37. foster=cultivate=raise=nurture培养,养育v.38. overtake=catch up=sweep over赶上,压倒v.39. initial=original=premier最初的,开始的adj.40. whereas=however=while=nevertheless=but=yet然而,但是adv.TEST 31. outcome=product=result=conclusion=consequence 结果,后果n.2. overcome=win=get over=exceed克服,战胜v.3. insufficient=deficient=shortage=lack=scarcity不足的adj.4. supply=provide=furnish=give 提供v.5. launch=release=project=send=shot=emit 开始,投放v.6. suppose=expect=imagine=guess=speculate=think猜想,设想v.7. detect=perceive=explore=sense发觉,觉察v.8. handicap=difficult=obstacle=hindrance=bar=deterrent 障碍,困难n.9. peer=the people who are at the same age as you, or who have the same type of job, social class etc.同龄人,伙伴n.10. positive=optimistic=uplifting 积极的adj.11. administer=manage=conduct=implement=perform执行,管理v.12. funding=money=funds=financial resource 资金,基金n.13. interact=if people interact with each other, they talk to each other, work together 互动v.14. irrigation=the supplement of land or crops with water 灌溉n.15. sedimentation=the natural process by which small pieces of rock, earth etc settle at the bottom of the sea etc and form a solid layer 积淀n.16. interrupt=break=violate=cut in打断,打扰v.17. process=procedure=method=approach过程n.18. threat=danger=intimidation 威胁n.19. valuable=precious=worthy宝贵的,珍贵的adj.20. construct=build=make=found 建造v.21. blame=to say or think that someone or something is responsible for something bad责备,怪罪v.22. stimulate=encourage=activate=motivate鼓励,刺激v.23. long-term=long-run=long-period长期的adj.24. impact=affect=influence=effect影响v.&n.25. occur=happen=exist=come发生v.26. contain=include=cover=possess 包含v.27. military=battlefield=martial军事的adj.28. separate=disparate=distinct=different分开的,不同的adj.29. vanish=extinct=disappear 消失v.30. consciousness=awareness 意识n.31. ignite=light=inflame点燃v.32. encompass=include=contain=cover包含,围绕v.33. reckon=think=suppose=believe=imagine=expect=feel认为v.34. widespread=universal=extensive=popular=general广泛的,普遍的adj.35. launch=coin=project=release=issue创新,开辟v.36. contemporary=modern-day, present-day同时代的adj.37. potential=possible=underlying=likely=expected=latent 潜在的,可能的adj.38. prospect=expectation=outlook=chance展望,希望n.39. perception=idea=insight=viewpoint感觉,领悟n.TEST 41. community=organization=group=body团体n.2. fragile=delicate脆弱的adj.3. remote=distant 遥远的adj.4. require=desire=order=command要求v.5. inhabitant=resident=dweller居住者,居民n.6. consequently=thus=accordingly=hence=therefore=as a result 结果,因此adv.7. destination=goal=end point=terminus目的地n.8. throughout=around=wholly=everywhere=end-to-end自始至终,到处,全部adv.9. operate=act=run运转v.10. output=product输出,产品n.11. decline=reduction=fall=slump=decrease=recession 下降n.12. undermine=destroy=damage=hurt=ruin 破坏v.13. revive=renaissance复兴v.14. unusual=rare=strange=uncommon罕见的,不寻常的adj.15. ordinary=standard=common=usual=general普通的,平常的adj.16. fragment=shard=debris=pieces=ruins碎片n.17. break=shatter=crack打碎,打破v.18. interior=inner layer=inside 内部的n. &adj.19. insist=claim=argue=believe=think坚持,坚称v.20. expand=extend=grow=boom=spread out=enhance扩张,扩大v.21. suppress=control=restrain=repress=put down=oppress=inhibit=ban=forbid=stifle 压制v.22. speed up=increase speed=quicken up=accelerate speed加速v.23. examine=analyse=survey=inspect=study=detect=investigate检查,调查v.24. dispute=debate=controversy=disagree=argue争论,争执n.&v.25. detect=analyse=explore=research=survey=investigate=inspect 察觉,发现v.26. claim=say=state=insist=argue=think=believe声称v.27. cue=implication=reminder=hint=evidence提示,信号,暗号n.28. unpredictable=fluctuate=changeable无法预测的adj.29. be referred to as=be known as=be regarded as 被称为30. encourage=induce=trigger=stimulate=boost=inspire鼓励,促使v.31. considerable=plenty=big=major=important数量可观的adj.32. regardless of=despite of=take no notice of 不管,不顾33. adequate=plenty=proper=appropriate=suitable充足的,适当的adj.34. assure=make sure=guarantee=ensure=insure=secure=make certain of保证,确保v.35. suitable=appropriate=proper=adequate=matching 合适的adj.Cambridge 6TEST 11.exchange=apply something learned in one to others=change 交流v.2.expertise=skill 专门技术n.3.employ=analyze=study 使用v.4.investigation=analysis 调查n.5.narrow=focus on 缩小范围v.6.reproduce=copy=replicate=repeat 复制v.7.funded support=finance 资金n.8.athlete=sportsmen and women 运动员n.9.calculate=measure 计算v.10.event=championship 赛事n.11.plan=prepare=design 计划v.12.improve=grow=get better 进步v.13.trade=economy 贸易n.14.transport=import or export=deliver 运输v.15.local=domestic=native=indigenous 当地的adj.16.weakening=less=reduced=decreased 下降的adj.17.value=worth=price=credit=use=benefit=profit 价值n.18.delivery=export or import 运输n.19.nearby nations=geographic neighbours 近邻n.20.international=ocean=global=worldwide 国际的adj.21.shipping=freight 船运n.22.cargo=freight=goods 货物n.23.tariff=charge=fee=tax 税费n.ndscape=environment=nature=surrounding=circumstance=view风景n.25.difficult=harsh=demanding=tough=challenging 困难的adj.26.essential supplies=food and clothing=necessities 必需品n.27.supply=provision=support 供给n.28.grow=increase=rise=improve=go up=boost=expand=extend 增长v.29.respect=credibility=weight=hour=admiration=consideration尊重n.30.understanding=knowledge 了解n.31.well-being=health 健康n.32.impossible=out of the question=unlikely 不可能adj.33.catch=exploit=capture 抓捕v.34.surrounding=environment=circumstance 环境n.35.push to one's limits=test one's limits 挑战极限36.not unmanageable=can cope with 能处理的37.present inhabitant=descendant 居民38.give up=abandon 放弃39.mainly=heavily=most 主要地40.visit=venture 参观TEST 21. successfully=spectacularly well=wonderfully 成功地adv.2. people power=local pressure groups 群众力量n.3. commute=travel 通勤v.4. higher=increasing=more 更高的adj.5. income=wealth=salary=wage=payment 收入n.6. beneficial=valuable=profitable=good 有益的adj.7. together=face to face 共同8. refute=not mean=rebut=deny 反驳v.9. accommodation=live=living condition 住宿n.10. usage=use=benefit=profit 用处n.11. averagely good=reasonable but not special 较好的12. limited=minimal 有限的adj.13. move from one to another=adopt one over another 转移14. show=reveal=uncover=indicate=point out=imply 表明15. related=associated 有关联的adj.16. suffer=be afflicted 忍受(病痛)v.17. research=study=investigation=survey 研究n.18. affect=afflict=influence=change 影响v.19. disease=medical complain=illness 病痛n.20. increase=surge=rise=gain=grow=go up=add=escalate 上升v.21. link=correlation=connection=relationship 关系n.22. considerable=significant=substantial=massive=marked大量的adj.23. reduction=drop=concession=fall=decrease 下降n.24. elderly people=old people 老人n.25. independent=self-reliant 自立的adj.26. regular=daily 定期的adj.27. exercise=physical activity 运动n.28. challenging=difficult=tough=demanding 有挑战性的adj.29. decline=deteriorate=reduce=drop=decrease 下降v.30. lonely=emotionally isolated 孤独的adj.31. hand signal=gesture=body language 手势n.32. restricted=limited 有限的adj.33. concept=abstract idea=definition 定义n.34. specific=particular=detailed 特定的adj.35. early=older 早期的adj.36. fulfill=qualify=achieve=keep=satisfy 完成v.37. sufficient=enough 足够的adj.38. quantity=how many=amount 数量n.39. misunderstanding=confusion 误解n.40. prevent=resolve=forbid=stop 防止v.41. poor=lack of=impoverished 贫穷adj.42. newer=later=recent=present 新的adj.43. ancestor=early people=predecessor 祖先n.TEST 31. teach=educate=cultivate=nature 教育v.2. actor=star 演员n.3. first=initial=early=primary 最早的adj.4. storyline=narrative=plot 故事情节n.5. globe=world 世界n.6. early=first=ancient 早期的adj.7. passing of time=flow of time 时光的流逝8. describe=tell 描述v.9. realistic=achievable 现实的adj.10. target=goal=aim 目标n.11. feedback=comment=advice=criticism 反馈n.12. match to=suit to 合适13. reward=promotion or advancement=prize=benefit 奖励n.14. link to=make something contingent on=associate with=connect with=relate to 联系起来15. achievement=attainment=gain=success 成就n.16. remuneration=payment 酬金n.17. tend to=prone to 倾向于18. feel=perceive=think=find=experience=notice=have an opinion 感觉v.19. participate=be involved in=take part in=join 参加v.20. staff=employee=worker 员工n.21. visible=disclosed=obvious=noticeable 可见的adj.22. clerical worker=clerk 书记员n.23. judge=rate=criticize=assess=evaluate=gauge=appraise 评判v.24. job=work=assignment 工作n.25. delay=slow=prolong=postpone=procrastinate=shelve=put off延后v.26. growing old=ageing 变老27. people=mortal=people=individual 人n.28. life=lifespan 生命29. chance=likelihood=fortune=hope=possibility=opportunity=risk=luck 机会n.30. production=generation=output 产量n.31. theory=hypothesis=guess=guesswork 猜想n.32. focus on=emphasize=aim at=concentrate on 集中于33. short=scarce=limited=insufficient 短缺的adj.TEST 41. drug company=pharmaceutical company 医药公司n.2. promotion=marketing 营销n.3. increase=escalate=rise=go up=grow 上升v.4. research=study=survey=investigation 研究n.5. work=be an effective way=be useful=help=achieve=succeed=have an effect=happen=turn out 奏效v.6. technique=strategy=skill=expertise=method=way 技术n.7. criticism=judgment=skepticism=disapproval=denunciation 批评n.8. moral=ethical 道德的adj.9. legitimate=have every right to do=legal=right=authorized 合法的adj.10. money=profit=benefit=income=currency 钱n.11. adults=men and women 成人n.12. maternal=mother=female 母亲的adj.13. education=literacy=cultivation 教育n.。
听力听力中的同义替换在听力考试中,同义替换是一个常见且重要的考点。
它要求考生在听力材料中,辨别出与原文表述意思相同或相近的词语或短语。
掌握同义替换技巧可以帮助我们更准确地理解和回答听力问题。
下面将从三个方面介绍在听力中如何有效应对同义替换。
一、词汇替换同义词是同义替换的一种常见形式。
听力材料中的词汇替换涉及词义、词性、形态等多个方面。
举个例子,原文中出现的“believe”可能会被替换成“think”或“consider”,而“difficult”可能会变成“hard”或“challenging”。
因此,我们要灵活运用词汇的变化形式,如单复数、派生词等,来判断同义替换的存在。
二、短语替换短语替换与词汇替换紧密相关。
在听力中,往往会以短语的形式出现同义替换现象。
例如,原文中的“take a break”可以被替换为“have a rest”或“go for a walk”;“make a decision”可能变成“decide on”或“reach a conclusion”。
因此,通过注意常用短语的变形和替换,可以更好地应对听力中的同义替换。
三、句子替换除了词汇和短语替换,句子层面的同义替换也时常出现在听力中。
这种替换方式通常包括改变动词形式、主动被动语态的转换、从句转换为短语等。
例如,原文中的一句话“John gave me a book as a birthdaypresent.”,可能会被替换成“John presented me wit h a book on my birthday.”。
因此,我们要提高对句子结构的理解和敏感度,以便在听力过程中准确抓住同义替换的关键信息。
总之,在听力考试中,同义替换是一个重要的应试技巧。
通过熟悉和掌握词汇、短语和句子的替换形式,我们可以更准确地理解听力材料,提高听力能力和应试水平。
因此,在备考过程中,我们应该多做听力练习,积累词汇和短语,并结合上下文进行判断和推理,以提高我们在听力考试中的应对能力。
雅思听力同义词替换集锦为了方便大家备考雅思听力,以下是小编给大家分享的雅思听力同义词替换集锦,希望能为大家的雅思备考提供帮助,更多雅思备考内容欢迎大家随时关注店铺。
雅思听力同义词替换集锦常见同义词替换:1、培养:Develop, cultivate, foster2、优势:Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength3、缺陷:Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness4、解决:Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle5、损害:Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize6、给与:Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford7、使迷惑:Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle8、重要的:Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative9、认为:Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced10、保护:Protect, conserve, preserve11、确保:Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge12、有害的:Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental13、要求:Request, demand, needs, requisition14、消除:Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away15、导致:Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate16、因此:So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this17、增长至:Grow to, rise to, increase to, go up to, climb to, ascend to, jump to, shoot to18、降低至:Dip to, fall to, decline to, decrease to, drop to, go down to, reduce to, slump to, descend to, sink to, slide to19、保持稳定:Level out, do not change, remain stable, remain still, remain steady, be stable, maintain the same level, remain unchanged, be still, remain the same level, stay constant, keep at the same level, level off, stabilize, keep its stability, even out20、急剧地:Dramatically, drastically, sharply, hugely, enormously, steeply, substantially, considerably, significantly, markedly, surprisingly, strikingly, radically, remarkably, vastly, noticeably21、平稳地:Steadily, smoothly, slightly, slowly, marginally, gradually, moderately, mildly22、发展:Development, advance, progress23、有益的:Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding, advantageous24、影响:Influence, impact, effect25、对比而言:By contrast, in contrast, on the other hand, on the contrary, conversely26、展示:Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe27、明显的:Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear28、占:Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose29、与…相比:Compared with, compared to, in comparison with, in comparison to, by comparison with, by comparison to30、大约:Approximately, almost, about, around, nearly, roughly31、波动:Fluctuate, go ups and downs, display a fluctuation, demonstrate a fluctuation32、事实上:Practically, in practice, essentially, in essence, in reality, in effect, in fact, as a matter of fact, it is a fact that33、换言之:Namely, that is to say, in other words, to put it like this, to put it differently, to put it from another way, to put it from another angle雅思听力考试技巧:逻辑关系辨析对比关系对比关系主要体现在两个意群间的转折。
雅思听力197同义替换1.Establish-built建造2.Building-construction 建造3.Rebuilt--reconstruct 重建4.expertise-ability 能力,专长5.Noisy-disturbing--not quiet 吵闹的6.Open-- not close 开放7.Boring-- not interesting 无趣的8.Risky—dangerous 危险的9.Less likely-tends not 不大可能10.Not include-exclude 排除11.Steal-theft 偷窃12.Tent-marquee 帐篷13.Coastline-shore 海岸14.Cost-price-expenses 花销15.Cost-pay-fee 费用16.Cost –budget 成本17.Money-funds 集资18.More than-over 超过19.Classify-category 分类20.Accommodation-living 住宿21.Drop in-fall 下降22.Entrance-access 入口23.Double-twice 两倍24.Behind-back 后面25.Export-abroad-overseas 出口26.Purpose-aim 目标27.No military-peaceful 安全的28.Tactics-strategies 策略29.Student-pupil 学生30.At present-already 当前31.Recently-existing 当前32.Overlook-underestimate 低估33.Find-discover 发现34.Density-how much 密度35.Copy-repeat 重复36.Ideal-perfect 完美的37.Rigorous-strict 严格的38.Restrict/limit 限制39.Unrestricted/ no limit 不限制40.Feature-characteristic 特点41.Bury-underground 埋42.Artwork-painting 绘画作品43.Bone-skeleton 骨骼44.Food-feed 喂养45.Sales-retail 销售46.Sea-marine 海洋的47.care/caution 谨慎48.Update-more current 更新49.out of date/ old fashioned 过时的50.Particular- special /In particular/ especially 尤其51. Press/media—TV/newspaper/ radio 媒体52.Mate/friend 伙伴53.Perspective/ analysis 透析54.Renovate/ fix/ repair 修理55.Enlarge/ add 扩建56.Implication/ explanation 解释57.Temporary/ a short time 暂时58.Book/reserve 预定59.Booking/reservation 预定60.Climb/ go up/ increase 上升61.Difficult/hard/ not easy/simple 困难62.Round/curve/circle 圆63.Order/sequence 顺序64.Shorten-cut down 截短65.Carving/ sculpture/ statue 雕塑66.Ancient/ medieval / in the past/ once 过去67.Inhabitants-people-population-resident 公众68.People—the public—the society—men and women 公众69.Personal illness-medical –sickness 疾病70.Entertainment/recreation/leisure 娱乐71.Environment-neighborhood-surrounding 环境72.Ways-how-method-approach 方法73.Time pressure-deadline-on time--extension 时间方向74.Handle-deal with-cope with 处理ck of/fewer/shortage 缺乏ck of/ not sufficient/ not enough 缺乏77.Support-help-assistance-aids 帮助78.Help- tip 帮助79.Staff shortage-understaffed-staff cuts 员工短缺80.Alone-single-by themselves 单独81.Show-demonstrate-display 展示82.Maximum-up to-at most 最大值83.Minimum/at least/begin/start 最小值84.Financial affair-economic situation 经济状况85.Have different views-not agree with 不同意86.Lower-reduce-fewer-decrease 降低87.Various-different-variety-diversity-range of 多样性88.Occupation-profession-jobs 职位89.Animals -wildlife-marine creature-mammals 动物90.Prepare refreshments-hospitality 热情招待91.Annual-every year 年度92.Every month-monthly-four weeks 每个月93.Every day-daily每天94.Shape like –look like 像95.Depress-dispirit 失望的96.Camera-photographs-pictures 照片97.Plant-tree-vegetation--forest 植被98.Well-known-famous—fame 有名的99.Type –sort—kind 种类100.Specialize in-focus-emphasis 专注于101.Reference materials-book-journals 参考资料102.Part-component-proportion-percent 部分103.Change-alter-modify-adjust-revert 改变104.Representative-typical 典型的105.Rural area-countryside 乡村106.Accurately-precisely精确的107.Hypothesis- not clear 假说108.Exceed- above 超出109.Above—over 上方110.Online-internet –website 网络111.Movie-film/documentary 电影112.Demand/need/require 需求113.Fuel/coal/firewood 燃料114.Statistics/data/ figure 数据115.Jewels/precious stones 珠宝116.Institution/university 机构,大学117.Advantage/benefit/ positive/good thing/ strength 优点118.Disadvantage/ drawback/shortcoming/negative/problem 缺点119.Increase/improve/enhance 增强120.Refurbish/ redecorate 重新装修121.Most/ majority 绝大部分122.Not many/ very few 少123.Some/ quite a bit/ a little 一些124.amount of/ lots of/ large quantities of 大量125.limited/ just a few/ a small number of 少量126.Geology --- fossils/rocks 化石anization/ business/ company/corporation 公司128.Less suspicious/ trust 信任129.In advance/ before/ ahead 提前130.warning/ alarm 警报131.produce/generate 产生132.staffing/ recruit 招聘133.geographical/ cliff/ rocks 地理anize/organization/ structure 组织puter/ laptop 电脑136.more often/ frequent 频繁137.early on/ beginning/ basics 起初138.parallel/ along 沿着139.handy/convenient 方便140.gym/fitness center(suite)/keep-fit studio 健身房141.uncommon/special/ unique/unusual/rare 特别的142.Place-where-spot-location-area 地点143.remote/isolated 偏远的144.harsh weather/extreme environment 极端天气145.seen/sighted 看到146.newest/latest 最新的147.exhibition/show/ display展示148.emigrate/ go away 迁徙149.energy /energetic 活力150.important—significant—major 主要的151.below—under 在下面152.habitat—live 栖息153.target—aim—key areas 目标154.straightforward—simple 简单直接155.disused—empty 废弃的cation—schools/colleges 教育157.management—administer 管理158.move—relocate—transfer 搬,移动159.internationally—different countries 国际化160.protect—safeguard 保护161.injury—dangerous 危险162. injury—harm 伤害163.Work—item 作品164.Travelling—passengers/flight 旅行165.Turn—switch 开rmation---details 细节167.Size---room---space 空间168.Forts---castle 城堡169.Space travel---aircraft/ rocket/ satellite 空间旅行170.Transport---bus/train 交通171.River transport---boat/ship/ferry 水上交通172.Youth--- young/ a boy/a child 年轻的时候173.Particular—specific 具体的174.Visualize---imagine 想象175.Repetition—over and over 重复176.Plan—arrangement 安排177.Clear---definitive 清晰的178.And—and also—as well as—with –in addition 并列179.Poor---weak 弱的180.Cheap –low price 便宜181.Sufficient—enough 充足的182.Under—below 下方183.High temperature—hot 热184.Beside –border 旁边,交界185.Chain store—major retails 连锁商店186.Froze—ice 结冰187.Expand—increase spaces 扩张188.Direct--- first hand 直接189.All ages---young and old 所有年龄的人190.Discount---10 % off—sale 打折191.Through---across 穿过192.Priority---booking preference 优先193.Extensive reading—a lot of books 广泛阅读194.Associate—relate to 与之相关195.Misunderstand—wrong idea 理解错误196.Ahead—continue 继续向前197.Big—large—huge大。
高中英语听力同义词转换1. Establish-built2. Building-construction3. Rebuilt--reconstruct4. expertise-ability5. Noisy-disturbing--not quiet6. Open-- not close7. Boring-- not interesting8. Risky--dangerous9. Less likely-tends not10. Not include-exclude11. Steal-theft12. Tent-marquee13. Coastline-shore14. Cost-price-expenses15. Cost-pay-fee16. Money-funds17. More than-over18. Classify-category19. Accommodation-living20. Drop in-fall21. Entrance-access22. Double-twice23. Behind-back24. Export-abroad25. Purpose-aim26. No military-peaceful27. Tactics-strategies28. Student-pupil29. At present-already30. Overlook-underestimate31. Find-discover32. Density-how much33. Copy-repeat34. Ideal-perfect35. Rigorous-strict36. Restrict/limit37. Unrestricted/ no limit38. Feature-characteristic39. Bury-underground40. Artwork-painting41. Bone-skeleton42. Food-feed43. Sales-retail44. Sea-marine45. care/caution46. Update-more current47. out of date/ old fashioned48. Particular- special /In particular/ especially49. Press/media/ newspaper50. Mate/friend51. Perspective/ analysis52. Renovate/ fix/ repair53. Enlarge/ add54. Implication/ explanation55. Temporary/ a short time56. Book/reserve57. Booking/reservation58. Climb/ go up/ increase59. Difficult/hard/ not easy/simple60. Round/curve61. Order/sequence62. Shorten-cut down63. Carving/ sculpture/ statue64. Ancient/ medieval65. Inhabitants-people-population-resident66. Personal illness-medical -sickness67. Entertainment/recreation/leisure68. Environment-neighborhood-surrounding69. Ways-how-method-approach70. Time pressure-deadline-on time71. Handle-deal with-cope with72. Lack of/fewer/shortage73. Lack of/ not sufficient/ not enough74. Support-help-assistance-aids75. Staff shortage-understaffed-staff cuts76. Alone-single-by themselves77. Show-demonstrate-display78. Maximum-up to-at most79. Minimum/at least/begin/start80. Financial affair-economic situation81. Have different views-not agree with82. Lower-reduce-fewer-decrease83. Various-different-variety-diversity-range of84. Occupation-profession-jobs85. Animals -wildlife-marine creature-mammals86. Prepare refreshments-hospitality87. Annual-every year88. Every month-monthly-four weeks89. Every day-daily90. Shape like –look like91. Depress-dispirit92. Camera-photographs-pictures93. Plant-tree-vegetation94. Well-known-famous--fame95. Type –sort--kind96. Specialize in-focus-emphasis97. Reference materials-book-journals98. Part-component-proportion-percent99. Change-alter-modify-adjust100. Representative-typical101. Rural area-countryside102. Accurately-precisely103. Hypothesis- not clear104. Exceed- above105. Deadline/extension/extend106. Online-internet -website107. Movie-film/documentary108. Demand/need/require109. Fuel/coal/firewood110. Statistics/data/ figure111. Jewels/precious stones112. Institution/university113. Advantage/benefit/ positive/good thing/ strength114. Disadvantage/ drawback/shortcoming/negative/problem115. Increase/improve116. Most/ majority117. Not many/ very few118. Some/ quite a bit/ a little119. amount of/ lots of/ large quantities of 120. limited/ just a few/ a small number of 121. Geology/ fossils/rocks122. Organization/ business/ company123. Less suspicious/ trust124. In advance/ before/ ahead125. warning/ alarm126. produce/generate127. staffing/ recruit128. geographical/ cliff/ rocks129. at present/ existing130. organize/organization/ structure131. computer/ laptop132. more often/ more frequent133. early on/ beginning/ basics134. parallel/ along135. press/ newspaper136. handy/convenient137. gym/fitness center(suite)/keep-fit studio 138. uncommon/special/ unique/unusual139. Place-where-spot-location-area140. remote/isolated141. harsh weather/extreme environment142. seen/sighted143. newest/latest144. exhibition/show/ display145. emigrate/ go away146. society/the public/ local people147. energy /energetic新增201. important—significant2. below—under3. habitat—live4. target—aim5. straightforward—simple6. disused—empty7. see—spot8. education—schools/colleges9. expanded—increased10. refurbish—redecorate11. management—administer12. move—relocate13. internationally—different countries14. protect—safeguard15. injury—dangerous16. injury—harm17. Move—transfer18. Work—item19. Media—TV/newspaper20. Travelling—passengers/flight。
语义⾓度 1.同义词转换 这是最常见,最基础的同义转换形式。
例如: pen被替换成something you write with, more than被替换成over,consist of,可以⽤be made up of,be composedof,contains等等 time management被替换成了use time effectively,都是同义词的转换。
考⽣在平时做完题之后,要总结出来同义词的替换,这样会提⾼⾮常快。
雅思选择题⾥很多内容都是这样体现的。
2.解释型同义转换 解释型转换是指题⼲中出现⼀个较⼤的或者较抽象的概念,说话者没有直接说出这个词,⽽是⽤⼀段话来解释,将所表述的概念或者事物更加具体化。
通常是⽤⼀个⽐较通俗易懂的例⼦来代替。
⽽听⼒原⽂中把这⼀概念具体化,⽤⼀个通俗易懂的例⼦来代替它。
例如: 选项中的metal industry在录⾳中被an iron forge取代。
iron属于metal,是metal的⼀种。
⽽forge在这⾥是铁匠铺的意思,是industry的具体化。
再如剑四Test2 Section1中的Question 3⾥,正确答案的选项an American man被替换成了a tourist from New York. 这⾥⽤美国的⼀个城市纽约为例,代替了美国这个整体的概念。
语法⾓度 1.词性的转换(同根词替换) 词性的转换,我们也叫同根词,是指常⽤词性之间的转换,如形容词,名词,动词,和副词等。
例如: 在剑四Test3 Section3中的24题Reading sessions help students to read A. analytically B. as fast as possible.C. thoroughly.原⽂中出现的是analyzing material… 正确答案在选项中出现的是副词形式,⽽在原⽂中以动名词的形式出现。
A、词性的转换
词性的转换主要是几种常见和常用的词性之间的转换,如名词、动词、形容词和副词等。
如《剑7》Test2 Section3中的Question25
题目
25、According to Dr. Merrywhether, Antarctica is very cold because
A of the shape of the continent
B it is surrounded by a frozen sea
C it is an extremely dry continent
原文
Antarctica is a land mass shaped like a dome, with the result that the winds blow down the slopes at speeds of up to 150km an hour and that’s what makes it so cold.
原文中出现的是……is a land mass shaped like a dome.正确答案在选项中出现的是名词形式shape,而在原文中却以动词的形式shaped出现。
所以同学们在准备雅思听力词汇的时候,一定要注意每个单词的各种词性都掌握到位。
B、句式的转换
句式的转换主要指某些结构由于短语的替换导致句型结构前后顺序出现颠倒。
如某些因果和果因的连接词。
题目
33 The pressure on the coastal zone resulted from
A The population shift
B the deteriorating environment
C the noisy traffic
原文
The population shift contributed a lot to the pressure on the coastal zone.
原文中,果因的连接词resulted from 转换成了因果连接词contributed a lot to。
所以答案的位置发生了变化。
C、语态的转换
语态的转换也就是被动语态和主动语态的转换。
这种同义转换的形式难度稍大,因为这需要学生对题干理解得较为透彻,一是题干中不能出现太多生词,二是要准确地预测答案的词性和词义,这样才能够比较准确地在原文中定位到答案。
如《剑4》Test1 Section2中的Question12
The metal industry was established at Riverside Village by ________ who lived in the area.
原文中变被动为主动:At that time, local craftsmen first built an iron forge just behind the village here, on the bend in the river.
这道题学生做得正确率普遍较低。
原因一是原文中出现了语态的同义转换,答案在整句话的一开头就出现了,很多同学一下子还没有反应过来,答案就过去了。
所以,尤其是当题干中出现被动语态的时候,一定要注意可能会出现语态的转换,并对答案的词性和词义进行准确地预测。
这道题说难也并不难的原因就是通过题干我们可以比较容易地预测出答案应该是一类人,而录音中除了正确答案之外并没有其他表示一类人的词语出现,也就是没有干扰项。
A、同义词的转换
这是最常见也是最简单的一种同义转换。
如上文选择题中关键词的同义转换时提到的be of value被替换成了be beneficial,提到的tactics被替换成了strategies,这都是同义词的转换。
这需要同学们在平时的单词学习时可以适当地利用归类记忆法,把能表示同类意思的单词放在一起记忆,这样对适应雅思听力中的同义转换有较大帮助。
B、解释型的同义转换
解释型的转换是指题干中出现一个较大的或者较抽象的概念,而听力原文中把这一概念具体化,用一个通俗易懂的例子来代替它。
如上面讲语态时提到的例子里,题干中的metal industry 在原文中被an iron forge取代。
iron属于metal,是metal的一种。
而forge在这里是铁匠铺的意思,是industry的具体化。
再如《剑4》Test2 Section1中的Question 3里,正确答案的选项an American man被替换成了a tourist from New York.这里用美国的一个城市纽约为例,代替了美国这个整体的概念。
还有在《剑8》Test42 Section4中的Question 35中也出现了一个难度较大的同义转换。
题目
35 Shona needs to do further research in order to
A present the government with her findings.
B decide the level of extra funding needed.
C identify the preferences of the public.
原文
I will need to do more far-reaching research than I had anticipated in order to establish if people want extra medical staff invested in the community, or if they want care to revert to fewer, but larger, key medical units.
题目中的正确选项是identify the preferences of the public. 而原文中并没有直接说,而是将其与一个公众具体的需求作对比:in order to establish if ……, or if…….这就对学生平时词汇量的积累和练习提出更高的要求和标准。