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2003年南京大学考博英语真题试卷（精选）(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Reading Comprehension 3. English-Chinese Translation 4. Chinese-English TranslationStructure and V ocabulary1．This platform would collapse if all of us______on it.A．standB．stoodC．would standD．had stood正确答案：B解析：本题是说如果我们都站在讲台上，它就会塌了。
本题考查的是一般现在时的虚拟语气结构，主句用would+动词，从句用一般过去式，因此B项正确。
2．The young man who saw the car______into the river telephoned the police.A．plungedB．plungeC．was plungingD．to plunge正确答案：B解析：本题意为“看见车陷入河里的年轻人给警察局打了电话”。
see sth．do 表示看到事物动作的整个过程，因此B项为正确答案。
3．You can come with me to the museum this afternoon______you don’t mind walking for haft an hour.A．unlessB．so far asC．exceptD．if正确答案：D解析：本题意为“如果你不介意走半个小时路的话，你今天下午就跟我一块去博物馆吧”。
只有D项符合题意。
4．We can rely on William to carry out this mission, for his judgment is always______.A．inexplicableB．healthyC．soundD．straight正确答案：C解析：本题后半句是说他的判断总是很正确。
我的南京大学考博经验有不少师弟师妹问我考博的一些经验，一直没有空。
现在论文答辩完了，可以有时间理一理自己的思绪，其实不敢说什么经验，只是我的一些感想和体会，希望能够对有志于读博的师弟师妹有一些帮助。
1）从我们学校来说，很多专业在学术界可以说一点地位都没有，这么多年来一直没有起色，很是让人痛心（其实我是很爱母校的，虽然她在很多方面不尽人意），当然食品、生工除外。
如果你想考名校的博士，还是要好好努力一把的。
尤其是对于我们这样院校的研究生来说，考名校的博士，是和很多一流高校的学生竞争，所以必须要有自己的亮点，要能够打动导师。
一般来说，你的专业课的平均成绩至少要在80分以上吧，其实这个对于研究生不是很难的，只要稍微努力一下就行了。
还有就是一定要有论文，论文的质量越高越好，如果你有三篇以上的学术论文，最好都是核心期刊的，如果是一级核心，甚至发表了外文文献，论文被EI、SCI收录，那在复试的时候将有巨大的优势，如果没有论文，一般来说，就是初试通过了，复试被录取的可能性也不大。
如果你以前有很好的科研学术背景，做过比较大的科研项目就更好了，不过对于我们学校的研究生，这样的机会几乎没有。
2）报考之前一定要和导师联系，而且一定要得到导师同意你报考他的博士生的回复。
考博不同于考研，导师的态度关系到最终能否录取你，如果导师对你不够赏识，那么即使你的考分很高，你也没有录取的机会。
给导师写信的时候，主要介绍自己的情况，发了那些文章，做了那些研究，成绩如何，为什么报考他的博士生…措辞一定要得体，体现自己对导师的尊重，最好要能打动导师。
当然如果你能找到很牛的推荐人，那希望就更大了。
报考的时候推荐人打个招呼，只要初试过了，肯定没有问题。
一般来说，等学校的博士入学招生简章出来后，就可以和导师联系了。
3）关于考博的历年真题：博士考试的真题是不公开的，英语真题好像在网上可以搜索到。
只有中科院的英语真题是公开的，它的部分研究所专业课试卷也公开。
2012年南京大学考博试题管理研究（每题25%）
1、试运用管理学的相关理论分析美国苹果公司前总裁乔布斯成功的原因。
2、近年来一些企业的劳动关系问题成为社会热点问题，尤其是“临时工”、“借用人员”
等成为负面事件的“替罪羊”，请分析产生这样结果的原因和可能的解决对策。
3、随着信息与通讯技术的发展与广泛应用，组织管理涌现出了诸多新的概念与形式，
比如无边界组织、知识员工2.0等，请问这对组织管理提出了哪些变革要求。
4、什么是国际创业。
试分析从创业学观点来看待企业国际化进程和传统的Uppsala模
型有什么不同。
南京大学考博英语阅读理解及其解析A.Recent years have brought minority-owned businesses in the United States unprecedented opportunities—as well as new and si gnificant risks.Civil right activists have long argued that one of the principal reasons why Blacks,Hispanics and other minority groups have difficulty establishing themselves in business is th at they lack of access to the sizable orders and subcontracts tha t are generated by large companies.Now Congress,in apparent agr eement,has required by law that businesses awarded federal contr acts of more than$500,000do their best to find minority subcon tractors and record their efforts to do so on forms filed with th e government.Indeed,some federal and local agencies have gone s o far as to set specific percentage goals for apportioning parts of public works contracts to minority enterprises.Corporate response appears to have been substantial.Accordin g to figures collected in1977,the total of corporate contracts Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu sa n qi with minority businesses rose from$77million in1972to 1. 1billion in1977.The projected total of corporate contracts wit h minority businesses for the early1980's is estimated to be ove r$3billion per year with no letup anticipated in the next decad e.Promising as it is for minority businesses,this increased pa tronage poses dangers for them,too.First,minority firms risk e xpanding too fast and overextending themselves financially,since most are small concerns and,unlike large businesses,they often need to make substantial investment in new plants,staff,equipm ent and the like in order to perform work subcontracted to them. If,thereafter,their subcontracts are for some reason reduced,s uch firms can face potentially crippling fixed expenses.The worl d of corporate purchasing can be frustrating for small entreprene urs who get requests for elaborate formal estimates and bids.Bot h consume valuable time and resources,and a small company's effo rts must soon result in orders,or both the morale and the financ ial health of the business will suffer.A second risk is that White-owned companies may seek to cash in on the increasing apportionment through formation of joint ven tures with minority-owned concerns.Of course,in many instances there are legitimate reasons for joint ventures;clearly,White a nd minority enterprises can team up to acquire business that neit her could acquire alone.But civil right groups and minority busi ness owners have complained to Congress about minorities being se t up as“fronts”with White backing,rather than being accepted as full partners in legitimate joint ventures.Third,a minority enterprise that secures the business of one large corporate customer often runs the danger of becoming and remaining dependent.Even in the best of circumstances,fierce com petition from larger,more established companies makes it difficu lt for small concerns to broaden their customer bases;when such firms have nearly guaranteed orders from a single corporate benef actor,they may truly have to struggle against complacency arisin g from their current success.(469words)Notes:civil rights activists公民权利激进分子。
南京大学考博英语真题2011年(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、SECTION Ⅰ STRUCTURE AND VOCABULARY(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1.Freud derived psychoanalytic knowledge of childhood indirectly; he ______ childhood processes from adult memory.（分数：1.00）A.reconstructed √B.incorporatedC.obstructedD.fostered解析：[解析] 各选项的意思是：reconstructed重建，重现，重整；incorporated包含，吸收，把……合并；obstructed阻塞，阻碍；fostered培养，促进。
根据句意可知，答案是A。
2.Some social critics took a dim view of the industrialism of the nineteenth century, believing that it ______ a harsh, crude life-style.（分数：1.00）A.eradicatedB.facilitated √C.releasedD.imagined解析：[解析] 各选项的意思是：eradicated摧毁，完全根除；facilitated促进，使容易，助长；released 释放，放开，发布；imagined想象，设想，猜想。
take a dim view of意为“不赞成，不乐观”。
根据句意可知，答案是B。
3.The spelling of many Old English words has been ______ in the living language, although their pronunciations have changed.（分数：1.00）A.preserved √B.preemptedC.revisedD.improved解析：[解析] 各选项的意思是：preserved保留，留存；preempted先占，取代；revised修订，修改；improved改善，提高。
我通过南大博士生入学考试啦附上我的考博经验集团标准化办公室：[VV986T-J682P28-JP266L8-68PNN]我通过南大博士生入学考试啦！附上我的考博经验我真是激动的不知道说什么好！感谢宇宙！感谢宇宙！大家还记得我分享自己如何用吸引力法则考上硕士研究生吗这次博士研究生考上了更加神奇呢！这次又是跨专业咯，我希望自己成为综合性人才啦，这次考得是南京大学的。
这次考博士，我的时间很少的，论文占据了我大量的时间和精力，等到复习时，时间就更加少咯。
据说博士生考试复习至少3个月，跨专业的需要更长时间。
我找资料飞了一番周折，因为南大考试没有参考书目的。
还好，我一个学姐给了我建议，推荐了几本书，那些书都好贵啊，不想买，就去图书馆借了，不过早被人借走了，就问导师借，导师居然发来了电子版的，不过一看就傻眼了，都是好厚好厚啊！资料准备齐了，但时间也不多了，还有40天就考试了。
我还真是不急不忙，在40天里，我抽时间读了《零极限》，事实证明，是磨刀不误砍柴工啊。
于是我一焦虑就清理，或者上论坛感受一下正面能量。
奇怪得很，可能是寒假在家，就是看不下去书，天天逛逛论坛（大家看一下从1月注册到2月我发了多少帖子就知道我在论坛上花了多少时间了），看看电影，但是我一直相信我还是有希望考上的。
直到2月20号开学（3月12号考试），我觉得在家里不是个办法，一个字看不进去啊，22号就搬到小外婆家住，她家在学校附近，我白天去学校图书馆自习，晚上去她家睡觉。
在图书馆，效率高多了，但是我有一点儿慌了，这么多内容比硕士入学要复习的东西多得多了硕士复习了两个月呢，我怎么看呢但是我一想，着急有用吗于是看看历年真题，发现规律了，很多历年的考点，可见考博真题的作用之大，这样省了很多复习时间。
即使这样，时间还是来不及的，我还是笑眯眯的，用了老办法，押题。
我看着出题的规律以及书上的内容，开始押题，自己编了一些大题，哪些是重点完全凭感觉我觉得不重要的或者难背就不看，这样，内容就少了，算算时间来得及了。
南京大学2012年博士研究生入学考试试题三小时科目代码：2250 科目名称：环境科学与技术发展满分：100分适用专业：环境科学与工程注意：1.所有答案必须写在答题纸或答题卡上，写在本试卷纸或草稿纸上无效；2.本科目不允许使用计算器。
选择五个问题回答，每题20分。
1论述柳州饮用水安全事件应急处理的经验和不足之处；2012年1月15日，广西河池市辖区内的宜州市群众用网箱养的鱼，突然出现不少死鱼现象，引发当地群众议论和反映。
宜州市环保部门经过调查发现，死鱼是由于龙江河宜州镉浓度严重超标引起，龙江水体已遭受严重镉污染。
广西官方在柳州市召开新闻通气会称，龙江河镉污染处置取得重大进展，形势将发生根本性转变，此次龙江污染处置目前主要使用“弱碱性化学沉淀法应急除镉技术”。
该市四大自来水厂的取水口全部位于柳江，于是紧急启动了饮用水水源污染事故应急预案Ⅲ级响应。
事故发生十二天后的2012年1月27日，广西启动突发环境事件Ⅱ级应急响应。
根据广西自治区龙江河突发环境事件应急指挥部的事后分析，此次入河的镉约21吨，以溶解态的形式存在，且污染水团相当集中。
在某些河段，镉浓度超标最大达82倍。
通过设立在龙江河段五道防线的层层削减，约75%的污染物会消弭于龙江之中，进入柳江的镉不会超过三成。
镉是继汞、铅之后污染人类环境、威胁人类健康的第三个金属元素。
镉是一种毒性很大的重金属，其化合物也大都属毒性物质。
极微量的镉就可对人体造成伤害，镉在体内的半衰期长达几十年，非常稳定，而且目前也没有特效药物清除体内的镉。
镉污染的处置:含镉废水的主要处理方法有化学沉淀法和吸附法。
化学沉淀法目前，沉淀法是处理含镉废水的一种主要方法，该法具有工艺简单、操作方便、经济实用的优点，在废水处理中应用广泛。
常用的沉淀剂为石灰、硫化物、聚合硫酸铁、碳酸盐，以及由以上几种沉淀剂组成的混合沉淀剂。
当向含镉废水中加入以上几种沉淀剂时会生成Cd（OH）2，CdS,CdCO3的沉淀物，废水的PH对沉淀效果有很大影响。
2010年南京大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading Comprehension 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. Chinese-English TranslationStructure and V ocabulary1．The little girl wore a very thin coat. A sudden gust of cold wind made her ______A．whirlB．shiftC．shiverD．shake正确答案：C解析：句子大意为：这个小女孩穿了一件很薄的外套。
一阵冷风让她发抖。
本题考查近义词辨析。
在给出的选项中：whirl“打旋”；shift“移动”；shiver “发抖”，因寒冷、恐惧、兴奋等发抖；shake“摇动、震动”。
所以，正确答案是C。
2．Having gone through all kinds of hardships in life, he became a man with a strong______A．philosophyB．idealismC．moralityD．personality正确答案：D解析：句子大意为：经历过生活中的种种艰难困苦，他成了一位名人。
在给出的选项中：philosophy“哲学”；idealism“理想主义”；morality“道德”；pei ‘sonality“品格、名人”。
所以，正确答案是D。
3．All was dark in the district except for a candle ______ though the curtains in one of the houses.A．glimmeringB．glitteringC．flamingD．blazing正确答案：A解析：句子大意为：这块区域一片漆黑，只有一间房子的窗帘透出微弱的烛光。
2008年南京大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading Comprehension 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. Chinese-English TranslationStructure and V ocabulary1．Until the constitution is ______, the power to appoint ministers will remain with the president.A．correctedB．amendedC．remediedD．revised正确答案：B解析：句子大意为：任命部长的权利将一直属于总统，除非宪法修改。
本题考查近义词辨析。
在给出的选项中：correct“改正”；amend“修正”，可与表示法案的词搭配；remedy “纠正”；revise“修改”。
所以，正确答案是B。
2．Several experts have been called in to______plan for boating, tennis, refreshments and children’s game in the projected town park.A．equipmentB．instrumentsC．implementD．facilities正确答案：D解析：句子大意为：已经召集了一些专家设计拟建的城市公园的划船、网球、休息和儿童游乐设施。
本题考查近义词辨析。
在给出的选项中：equipment“设备”；instrument“仪器”；implement：“工具”；facilty“设施”。
所以，正确答案是D。
3．You can try ______ with the landlord for more time to play the money.A．pleadingB．requestingC．demandingD．dealing正确答案：D解析：句子大意为：你可以试着和房东多玩一会儿。
南京大学考博英语-1(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}Section Ⅰ Structure and Vocabulary{{/B}}(总题数：10，分数：10.00)1.You can ______your story by leaving out some unimportant details.（分数：1.00）A.abridge √B.rewriteC.revealD.change解析：[解析] abridge节略；rewrite重写；reveal展现；change改变。
根据句意，A最合适。
2.The young man was so bashful that he did not speak to the pretty girl.（分数：1.00）A.haughtyB.shy √C.indifferentD.upset解析：[解析] 题中bashful“害羞的”，B项的shy“怕羞的，畏缩的”与之相符。
其他三项都不正确：haughty傲慢的；upset心烦意乱的；indifferent不关心的，冷淡的。
3.John's ideas about how to solve the problem were so cogent that I had to agree with him. （分数：1.00）A.chronic √B.cavernousC.convincingD.choral解析：[解析] 题中cogent意为“令人胆寒的”，C项的convincing“令人恐惧的”与之相符。
其他三项不正确：chronic有希望的；cavernous严寒的；choral发人深省的。
4.He has got too much ______to worry about your problem.（分数：1.00）A.on his mind √B.out of mindC.off his mindD.to his mind解析：[解析] on sb's mind压在某人心头；out of one's mind精神不正常；off one's mind不再在某人心头；to one's mind据某人意见。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.翻译题据心理学家称，乐观和自信是健康的心理状态所应具备的要素。
焦虑是一种心理问题，他源自对生活中的不确定因素的内在恐惧，或者说是一种不安全感。
繁荣的市场经济中躁动的消费需求是某些人焦虑情绪产生的原因。
名车、豪宅和优越的生活被人们视为高档的标志。
但是，由于多数人难以达到这样的生活标准，有些人就会产生失落感。
然而，这种出于对金钱崇拜而产生的焦虑感并不具有代表性。
对于多数人来说，引起焦虑的重要原因是高昂的房价、教育支出和医疗费用。
人们生活在巨大的压力之下，但是低廉并且增长缓慢的工资使他们看不到脱离困境的希望。
有时似乎是机会多多，人们也会因此而产生焦虑。
【答案】Psychologists said that confidence and optimism are the important elements of a healthy state of mind. Nervousness is a mental problem and is resourced from an inner emotional insecurity over uncertain factors in life. In the prosperous market economy, restless consumption demands are the reason for the nervous emotions. Brand-name car, houses and superior life are the marks of high-end life. However, most people tend to be disappointed because they cannot reach this living standard.Furthermore, such nervousness over money worship is not representative. For most people, the nervousness is resulted from expensive house, high education expenditure and high medical cost. People live under this tremendous pressure, and they cannot find any hopes of being lifted out of the hardship because of the low and slow-growing incomes. Sometimes there seems to be many opportunities, but people also feel anxious about this.2.单选题As a （）actor, he can perform, sing, dance and play several kinds of musical instruments. 问题1选项A.flexibleB.versatileC.sophisticatedD.productive【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Competition, they believe, （）the national character than corrupt it.问题1选项A.enforcesB.confirmsC.intensifiesD.strengthens【答案】D【解析】考查近义动词词义辨析。
enforce “强迫，强制”，confirm “确定”，intensify“使变得更强烈”，strengthen“增强力量”。
句意：他们相信竞争能增强民族性，而不是使民族堕落。
选项D符合题意。
2.单选题They are still in the （）stage between the old and new government.问题1选项A.transactionB.transplantingC.transitionalD.transforming 【答案】C【解析】形近异义词词义辨析。
transaction “交易”；transplanting“移植”；transitional “过渡期的”；transforming “转化，转变”。
句意：他们还处在新政府到旧政府的过渡期。
选项C符合题意。
3.单选题Until men invented ways of staying underwater for more than a few minutes, the wonders of the world below the surface of the sea were almost unknown. The main problem, of course, lies in air. How could air be supplied to swimmers below the surface of the sea? Pictures made about 2, 900 years ago in Asia show men swimming under the surface with air bags tied to th eir bodies. A pipe from the bag carried air into the swimmer’s mouth. But little progress was achieved in the invention of diving devices until about 1490, when the famous Italian painter, Leonardo da Vinci, designed a complete diving suit.In 1680, an Italian professor invented a large air bag with a glass window to be worn over the diver’s head. To “clean” the air a breathing pipe went from the air bag, through another bag to remove moisture, and then again to the large air bag. The plan did not work, but it gave later inventors the idea of moving air around in diving devices.In 1819, a German, Augustus Siebe, developed a way of forcing air into the head-covering by a machine operated above the water. Finally, in 1837, he invented the “hard-hat suit” that was to be used for nearly a century. It had a metal covering for the head and an air pipe attached to a machine above the water. It also had small openings to remove unwanted air. But there were two dangers to the diver inside the “hard-hat suit”. One was the sudden rise to the surface, caused by a too great supply of air. The other was the crushing of the body, caused by a sudden diving into deep water. The sudden rise to the surface could kill the diver; a sudden dive could force his body up into the helmet, which could also result in death.Gradually the “hard-hat suit” was improved so that the diver could be given a constant supply of air. The diver could then move around under the ocean without worrying about the air supply.During the 1940s diving underwater without a special suit became popular. Instead, divers used a breathing device and a small covering made of rubber and glass over parts of the face. To improve the swimmer’ s speed another new invention was used： a piece of rubber shaped like a gia nt foot, which was attached to each of the diver’s own feet. The manufacture of rubber breathing pipes made it possible for divers to float on the surface of the water, observing the marine life underneath them. A special rubber suit enabled them to stay in cold water for long periods, collecting specimens of animal and vegetable life that had never been obtained in the past.The most important advance, however, was the invention of a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus, which is called a “scuba”.Invented by two Frenchmen, Jacques Cousteau and Emile Gagnan, the scuba consists of a mouth-piece joined to one or two tanks of compressed air which are attached to the diver’s back. The scuba makes it possible for a diver-scientist to work 200 feet underwater or even deeperfor several hours. As a result, scientists can now move around freely at great depths, learning about the wonders of the sea.1.The main progress mentioned in this passage was （）.2.An invention of an Italian professor（） .3.Siebes’ invention was not a perfect one, because（） .4.The word “scuba” is（） .问题1选项A.an Italian professor invented a large air bagB.men invented the best diving devicesC.an Italian painter designed a complete diving suitD.an air bag问题2选项A.worked out very wellB.can “clean” the airC.inspired later inventionsD.was used to remove moisture问题3选项A.too small a supply of air could result in a sudden rise to the surfaceB.a sudden dive into deep water could cause the crushing of the bodyC.the air pipe attached to a machine could be above the surfaceD.both A and B 问题4选项A.a certain diver’s nameB.an original English wordd by the inventorD.an acronym【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:B第4题:D【解析】1.信息推断题。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题To produce the upheaval in the United States that changed and modernized the domain of higher education from the mid-1860’s to the mid-1880’s, three primary causes interacted. The emergence of a half-dozen leaders in education provided the personal force that was needed. Moreover, an outcry for a fresher, more practical, and more advanced kind of instruction arose among the alumni and friends of nearly all of the old colleges and grew into a movement that overrode all conservative opposition. The aggressive “Young Yale” movement appeared, demanding partial alumni control, a more liberal spirit, and a broader course of study. The graduates of Harvard University simultaneously rallied to relieve the University’s poverty and demand new enterprise. Education was pushing toward higher standard in the East by throwing off church leadership everywhere, and in the West by finding a wider range of studies and a new sense of public duty.The old-style classical education received its most crushing blow in the citadel of Harvard University, where Dr. Charles Elliot, a young captain of thirty-five, son of a former treasurer of Harvard led the progressive forces. Five revolutionary advances were made during the five years of Dr. Elliot administration. They were the elevation and amplification of entrance requirements, the enlargement of the curriculum and the development of the elective system, the recognition of graduate study in the liberal arts, the raising of professional training in law, medicine, and engineering to a postgraduate level, and the fostering of greater maturity in student life. Standards of admission were sharply advanced in 1872-1873 and 1876-1877. By the appointment of a dean to take charge of student affairs, and a wise handling of discipline, the undergraduates were led to regard themselves more as young gentlemen and less as young animals. One new course of study or another was opened up —science, music，the history of the fine arts, advanced Spanish, political economy, physics, classical philosophy, and international law.1.The passage mainly deals with（）2.According to the passage, what can be inferred about Harvard University before the innovations?3.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about old-style classical education?4.Which of the following is not true?问题1选项A.innovations in the United States’ higher education in the late 1800s.B.Harvard University graduates’ success.C.the development of Harvard University.D.the aggressive “Young Yale” movement.问题2选项A.Courses were more practical.cators laid great stress on the maturity in student life.C.Admission standards were higher.D.Students were younger.问题3选项A.Most students majored in law.B.The courses were too difficult.C.The curriculum was not reasonable.D.Students could get Master’s degree in the liberal arts.问题4选项A.Several leaders in education made great efforts to promote the educational innovations.B.Church leaders influenced education a lot before the progressive change.C.College entrance requirements were elevated in the late 1800s.D.The sense of public duty was neglected in the late 1800s.【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:C第4题:D【解析】1.信息推断题。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Some sociologists are worried about the （） throughout the whole society.问题1选项A.fraudulentB.generousC.dynamicpulsive【答案】A【解析】形容词词义辨析。
fraudulent “欺诈的”；generous “慷慨的”；dynamic “动态的”; compulsive “极有趣的”。
句意：一些社会学家担心整个社会的欺诈问题。
选项A符合题意。
2.单选题The company made more profit in that one month than it made in the whole of the （） year. 问题1选项A.previouslyB.proceedingC.precedingD.unpreceding 【答案】C【解析】形近异义词辨析。
previously “以前”；proceeding “程序，诉讼”；preceding “在前的，先前的”；unpreceding “空前的，前所未有的”。
句意：公司在那一个月创造的收益比整个前年的多。
选项C符合题意。
3.翻译题这次到台湾访问交流，虽然行程匆匆，但是，看了不少地方，访了旧友，交了新知，大家走到一起，谈论的一个重要话题就是中华民族在21世纪的强盛。
虽然祖国大陆、台湾的青年生活在不同的社会环境中，有着各自不同的生活经历，但大家的内心都深深铭刻着中华文化优秀传统的印记，都拥有着振兴中华民族的共同理想。
【答案】Although this current visit to Taiwan for exchange was very cursory, we saw many places, visit old friends and make some new friends. The most important topic we talked about was how to build a prosperous China in the 21s when we got together. Teenagers living in our mainland and Taiwan have their own various life experience because of the different social environments, but the marks of our splendid traditions of Chinese culture are engraved in their innermost hearts. We all hold the common ideal of revitalizing the Chinese nation.4.单选题It is estimated that a scientific principle has a life expectancy of approximately a decade before it drastically revised or replaced by newer information.问题1选项A.estimatedB.a life expectancyC.decadeD.it drastically【答案】D【解析】根据题中it is estimated可知，D项应该也为被动语态it is drastically revised，构成并列结构，句意：据估计，在一项科学原则被新的信息彻底地修改和更新之前，预期的寿命大概是十年。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Manufacturing is China’s most important economic activity, （）over 30 percent of the workforce.问题1选项A.includingB.engagingC.approximatingD.accounting【答案】B【解析】考查动词辦析。
四个选项的意思分别是: including包含，包括；engaging聘用，雇用；approximating近似，接近； accounting记述，报告。
句意:制造业是中国最重要的经济活动，雇佣了超过30%的劳动力。
本题考查的是分词短语作状语，根据句意可推出正确答案是B。
2.单选题New technology is making the traditional farming machinery and methods （）.问题1选项A.efficientB.emergentC.obsoleteD.nostalgic【答案】C【解析】形容词词义辨析。
efficient “有效率的”；emergent “紧急的”；obsolete “过时的”；nostalgic “怀旧的”。
句意：新的科技使传统的农业机械和方法渐渐过时了。
选项C符合题意。
3.单选题Some sociologists are worried about the （） throughout the whole society.问题1选项A.fraudulentB.generousC.dynamicpulsive【答案】A【解析】形容词词义辨析。
fraudulent “欺诈的”；generous “慷慨的”；dynamic “动态的”; compulsive “极有趣的”。
句意：一些社会学家担心整个社会的欺诈问题。
