必修5 unit2 语法 ：过去分词作宾语补足语

过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语时表明宾语是过去分词动作的对象，过去分词与宾语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系。

过去分词作宾语补足语的情况通常有以下几种：▼过去分词用在表示状态的动词keep, leave等的后面例：1. They kept the door locked for a long time. 他们把门锁了好长一段时间。

2. Don’t leave the windows broken like this all the time. 不要让窗户一直像这样破着。

▼“have+宾语+过去分词”可以表示两种含义。

用于第一种情况的动词还有make, let等。

1）表示“让别人做某事”例：1. I have had my bike repaired. 我让人修了我的自行车。

2. The villagers had many trees planted just then. 就在那时，村民们叫人种了许多树。

2）表示“遭遇到某种不幸；受到打击”。

例：My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month. 上个月我姐姐的钱包在公共汽车上被偷了。

【随即随练】用所给动词的适当形式填空1. He went away without saying anything, leaving (leave) us standing (stand) outside.2. Mr.Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine he had had repaired (repair) went wrong again.3. I wonder if this is the computer you want to have repaired (repair).4. Children’s being addicted to the Internet gets their parents worried (worry).▼在“make+宾语+过去分词”这种结构中，过去分词表示结果。

人教版高中英语必修5 Unit 2过去分词作宾语补足语概念引入上个单元我们学习了过去分词作表语和定语的用法。

现在我们继续学习过去分词作宾语补足语。

看这些句子：1. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.2. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the UnitedKingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful government.3. You find most of the population settled in the south.4. They found the window broken.5. ..., so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line.这些句子中的黑体部分都是过去分词作宾语补足语。

用法讲解宾语补足语是同学们学习英语的一个小难点，许多同学都弄不清到底什么是宾语补足语，它的作用是什么，所以我们今天就从宾语补足语讲起，重点讲解过去分词作宾语补足语的内容。

什么是宾语补足语英语中一些动词除需要一个宾语外，还需有宾语补足语句子意义才完整，这样就构成了英语的六种基本句型（见【补充】）中的“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型。

宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻辑上是主谓关系。

可作补足语的结构有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词-ing形式、过去分词、不定式等。

宾语和其宾语补足语也被称为复合结构。

1. 作补足语的词语：1）We consider him (to be) a good teacher. 我们认为他是一个好老师。

（名词短语作宾语补足语，相当于省略了to be）2）I find learning English difficult. 我发现学英语很难。

He bought a pet dog from the pet clinic, and named it Jayson.N h l f t E l d --Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. (必5，P10-5)如：see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice think find等notice, think, find等。

I heard the song sung in English.He his eyes dazzled byHe felt his eyes dazzled by the bright light.Last weekend, Tom came across his former loverK th i h h f dKatherine who he foundWe can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.如make, get, have, keep, leave等。

It was so cold that the driver couldn’t get started.Pl if I h l ft fPlease excuse me if I have left any of your questions unanswered.L t’k it k t ll th t thLet’s make it known to all that there must be less empty talk and more hard work.如：like, want, wish, order等。

I should like this matter settled immediately.I don’t want my daughter to be taken out after dark.The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.b kWith many brightly-coloured flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden.词汇：必修词汇：必修55（Unit2Unit2）中的重点词句与表达）中的重点词句与表达clarify [‘klærifai] vt.&vi. 澄清、阐明You can clarify this question if you study British history.(P9-3)i i1. to make something clearer or easier to understand【L.D】R t k d hi t l if hi itiReporters asked him to clarify his position (=say exactly what his beliefs are) on welfare reform2clarify issues/a statement/matters2. clarify issues/ a statement/ matters3. [n.] clarificationtt t[‘t kt]t吸引引起注意attract [ə‘trækt] vt. 吸引、引起注意attract[‘trækt]vtattractiveattract [ətrækt] vt. 吸引、引起注意attractivelyattraction fortaketake the place/replace/instead of/substitute fortaketake place/ happen/ occur/ come upto destroy; to stop working, fail; to lose one’s control ofLanguage difficulties in communications: Space: position, direction, distance…语法：过去分词做宾补过去分词做宾补词汇：课后作业一、语法：1. Ellen was absent this morning because she had her tooth ____.A. fillingB. to fillC. filledD. fill2. - Is the radio bothering you?- It certainly is. I’d like it ____ off.A. turningB. turnedC. to turnD. turn3. They want the car ____ as soon as possible.A. mendB. to mendC. mendedD. be mended4. We found the truck ____ on Highway 63.A. to be abandonedB. to be abandoningC. abandonedD. abandon 5. His use of technical terms left his audience ____.A. confusingB. confusedC. with confusionD. to confusion6. - How do you like the coffee later?-I like coffee ____.A. that is sweetenedB. sweetenedC. being sweetenedD. to be sweetened7. We will keep you ____.A. informB. to informC. informingD. informed8. The foreigner tried his best, but he still couldn’t make his point ____.A. understandB. understandingC. to understandD. understood9. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she hadhad ___ went wrong again.A. itB. it repairedC. repairedD. to be repaired10. He found them ____ at table___.A. sat; to play chessB. sitting; to play chessC. seated; playing chessD. seat; play the chess11. I can make you ___ what I say, but you can’t make yourself ____ in English.A. understand; understandB. understand; understoodC. to understand; understandD. understand; to be understood 12. I have often heard the ABC song____, but I have never heard Alice ____ it.A. to be sung; to singB. being sung; sangC. sung; singD. sang; singing13. John rushed out in a hurry, ___the door_____.A. leaving; unlocked C. left, unlockedB. leaving; unlocking D. to leave; unlocking14 .I could feel the wind ___on my face from an open window.A .to blow B.blowing C.to be blowing D .blown15. The result of the entrance exams was not made ___ to the public until last Thursday.A.knowing B knownC. to knowD. to be known二、词汇（一）单词拼写1. The committee c______ of ten members.2. If you d______ 30 by 5, the answer is 6.3. Would you like to do a crossword p______?4. This building was c_______ in the 1810s and it has a history of about 200 years.5. They married last month but I didn’t attend their w______.6. We should do all we can to improve the ______ (关系) between our two countries.7. The position of the house combines quietness and _______ (方便).8. The painting comes from his private _______ (收藏).9. To our ______ (高兴), he passed the entrance examination. 10. Can you ______ (安排) for a car to collect them from the airport?(二)重点短语1. ____ of 由……组成2._____ ...into 把……分成3. leave ____ 遗漏；删掉4. _____ down 捣毁；（机器）出故障；分解；垮掉5. _____ to 提及；参考6. for ______ 为了方便7. _____ close to 接近；几乎8. take the _____ of 代替；取代9. break _____ from 挣脱（束缚）；脱离（三）用适当的介词或副词填空1. Thieves broke ____ the house when the couple were watching TV.2. A quarrel broke ____ between them.3. The soldiers broke _____ the enemy’s defence works.4. The school has broken ______ for the holidays.5. Dad would occasionally break ______ with a suggestion.6. Tom broke _____ the door of our classroom last week.参考答案：一、语法1. C2. B3. C4. C5. B6. D7.D8.D9. C 10. C11. B. 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. B 二、词汇(一) 1. consists 2. divide 3. puzzle 4. constructed 5. wedding6. relations7. convenience8. collection9. delight10. arrange（二）1. consist 2. divide 3. out 4. break 5. refer6. convenience7. come8. place9. Away（三）1. into 2. out 3. through 4. up 5. in 6. down。

Unit2 单元语法详解过去分词作宾语补足语归纳语法英语中过去分词作宾语补足语，通常用于以下几种情况：一、过去分词用在表状态的动词keep、leave 等后面，keep/leave+n. /pron. +过去分词。

Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open. 闭上嘴巴，睁开眼睛（少说多看）。

二、用在表示“致使”意义的动词后面。

如：have，make，get等。

1. “have+宾语+过去分词”这一结构有三种含义：（1）表示“让某事被别人做”。

Have you had your films developed?你把你的胶卷让人冲洗了吗?I have my hair cut once a month.我一个月理一次发。

They are going to have the entrance hall painted white.他们准备让人把门厅粉刷成白色。

（2）表示“遇到某种不幸；受到打击；蒙受……. 损失；受……. 影响”。

While they were on holiday, they had their car broken into.他们在度假时车被撬开了。

He had his hat blown off on his way home.在回家的路上他的帽子被风吹走了。

（3）表示“完成某事（自己也可能参与）”。

I have had all my spelling mistakes corected.我已经把我所有的拼写错误都改正了。

He has had one thousand yuan saved this year.他今年已经存了一千元了。

2. 在“make+宾语+过去分词”这一结构中，过去分词表示的动作通常是表示结果含义的。

He is trying to make himself understood.他在努力把自己的意思说清楚。

三、用在感官动词或表示心理状态的动词后面。

§语法归纳过去分词作宾语补足语英语中，过去分词可以用作宾语的补足语。

能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，表示被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼有之，与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的承受者。

常见的情况有以下几种：1.过去分词用在have, get, make, leave, keep等使役动词后作宾语补足语。

They kept the door locked for a long time.他们把门锁了好长一段时间。

Don’t leave the windows broken like this all the time.不要让窗户一直像这样破着。

注意：“get/have+宾语+宾语补足语（-ed）”结构可表达三种意思：1)表示主语“让别人（为自己）做某事”。

John wants to have his teeth examined this afternoon.约翰今天下午要去检查牙齿。

2)2) 表示主语“遭遇某事（不愉快或不幸的事）受到打击”。

The old man had his wrist broken in the accident.那个老人在那场事故中伤了手腕。

3)表示“某事已经完成”，主语可能参与其中也可能没有。

I had the flat painted yesterday.我的房子昨天晚上粉刷好了。

2.过去分词用在see, hear, notice, observe, smell,taste, watch, feel, find, think等感官动词后作宾语补足语。

Being ignorant of the electronic products the students are talking about, I find myself leftbehind.对学生所谈的电子产品一无所知，我发现自己落伍了。

He found his house broken into when he got back home.回到家他发现家被盗。

过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动的、完成的动作，宾语补足语与宾语之间常常存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。

【归纳】可以接过去分词作宾语补足语的（短语）动词有：1. watch, see, observe, look at, hear, listen to, find, notice等感官动词。

如：I watched the desk carried out of the classroom.The man found his hometown entirely destroyed.2. make, get, have, keep, leave等使役动词。

如：My mother has her hair cut every two months.We must get the work finished before 6 o’clock.The speaker didn’t know how to make himself understood.3. want, order等表示希望、命令等意义的动词。

如：All of us wanted such questions discussed at the meeting.The manager ordered the problem settled as soon as possible.【拓展】★介词with后也可接过去分词作宾语补足语，构成with复合结构。

如：With more flowers planted, the garden looks very beautiful.★动词⁃ing形式、过去分词和不定式作宾语补足语的区别：动词⁃ing形式和不定式作宾语补足语，宾语是其动作的执行者。

动词⁃ing形式强调动作的正在进行或延续性，不定式强调动作的全过程。

过去分词作宾语补足语，通常宾语是其动作的承受者，多强调动作的完成。